Abraham Maslow

139 results back to index

Transcend: The New Science of Self-Actualization by Scott Barry Kaufman

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, classic study, dark triade / dark tetrad, David Brooks, desegregation, Donald Trump, fear of failure, Greta Thunberg, happiness index / gross national happiness, hedonic treadmill, helicopter parent, imposter syndrome, impulse control, job satisfaction, longitudinal study, Maslow's hierarchy, Menlo Park, meta-analysis, Nelson Mandela, overview effect, Paradox of Choice, phenotype, Ralph Waldo Emerson, randomized controlled trial, Rosa Parks, science of happiness, Silicon Valley, Snapchat, social intelligence, Stephen Fry, Steven Pinker, theory of mind, traumatic brain injury

—Adam Grant, New York Times–bestselling author of Originals and Give and Take, and host of the WorkLife podcast “In this book Kaufman studies the legacy of Abraham Maslow’s life’s work in humanistic psychology and expands on this with his own insights and studies. The book gives us a path to self-actualization, to becoming the best person we can possibly become. In the process we discover we do this connected to others and all reality.” —Sharon Salzberg, author of Lovingkindness and Real Happiness “Transcend is rich, deep, and brilliant, a pleasure to read. Scott Barry Kaufman is the new generation’s leading voice in humanistic psychology, a modern-day Abraham Maslow. Updating Maslow’s hierarchy of needs with modern psychology research, Transcend will help readers embark upon a journey to the upper reaches of their potential.”

…

Science and education, being too exclusively abstract, verbal and bookish, do not have enough place for raw, concrete, esthetic experience, especially of the subjective happenings inside oneself. —Abraham Maslow, Toward a Psychology of Being (1962) The concept of “openness to experience” played a central role in the thinking of the founding humanistic psychologists. For both Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, the height of self-actualization was creativity, and one of the key drivers of creativity was openness to experience. Carl Rogers simply defined openness to experience as “the opposite of psychological defensiveness.”59 Rogers conceptualized openness to experience as a mode of cognitive processing where one is open to all of one’s personal experiences, receiving conflicting information without forcing closure, tolerating ambiguity, and seeing reality clearly without imposing predetermined categories onto the world.60 In the eighties, when personality psychologists started systematically investigating the fundamental dimensions of personality, they found a specific cluster of traits that people differ on which they labeled “openness to experience.”

…

INTELLECT: FINDING YOUR WAY BACK TO SHORE Slipping into “craziness” is frightening only for those who are not fully confident of their sanity. —Abraham Maslow, Toward a Psychology of Being (1962) [Knowledge and understanding make] the person bigger, wiser, richer, stronger, more evolved, more mature. [They represent] the actualization of a human potentiality, the fulfillment of that human destiny foreshadowed by human possibilities. —Abraham Maslow, Toward a Psychology of Being (1962) While openness to experience is essential for entertaining the possibilities of creative potential, the human intellect is essential for finding your way back to shore.

50 Psychology Classics by Tom Butler-Bowdon

1960s counterculture, Abraham Maslow, Alan Greenspan, Albert Einstein, behavioural economics, cognitive dissonance, conceptual framework, corporate governance, delayed gratification, fear of failure, feminist movement, global village, invention of the printing press, Isaac Newton, lateral thinking, Mikhail Gorbachev, Milgram experiment, Necker cube, Paradox of Choice, retail therapy, Ronald Reagan, social intelligence, Steven Pinker, The Bell Curve by Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray, Thomas Kuhn: the structure of scientific revolutions

Harris I’m OK—You’re OK (1967) 27 Eric Hoffer The True Believer: Thoughts on the Nature of Mass Movements (1951) 28 Karen Horney Our Inner Conflicts: A Constructive Theory of Neurosis (1945) 29 William James The Principles of Psychology (1890) 30 Carl Jung The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious (1968) 31 Alfred Kinsey Sexual Behavior in the Human Female (1953) 32 Melanie Klein Envy and Gratitude (1957) 33 R. D. Laing The Divided Self: A Study of Sanity and Madness (1960) 34 Abraham Maslow The Farther Reaches of Human Nature (1971) 35 Stanley Milgram Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View (1974) 36 Anne Moir & David Jessel Brainsex: The Real Difference Between Men and Women (1989) 37 Ivan Pavlov Conditioned Reflexes: An Investigation of the Physiological Activity of the Cerebral Cortex (1927) 38 Fritz Perls Gestalt Therapy: Excitement and Growth in the Human Personality (1951) 39 Jean Piaget The Language and Thought of the Child (1923) 40 Steven Pinker The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial of Human Nature (2002) 41 V.

…

A more recent development in the cognitive field is “positive psychology,” which has sought to reorient the discipline away from mental problems to the study of what makes people happy, optimistic, and productive. To some extent this area was foreshadowed by pioneering humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow, who wrote about the self-actualized or fulfilled person, and Carl Rogers, who once noted that he was pessimistic about the world, but optimistic about people. In the last 30 years, both behavioral and cognitive psychology have been increasingly informed by advances in brain science. The behaviorists thought it wrong to merely surmise what happened inside the brain, but science is now allowing us to see inside and map the neural pathways and synapses that actually generate action.

…

Most of the time we take it for granted, but it is only when it is lost that we can fully appreciate our brain’s ability to create the feeling of selfpossession, or be comfortable with who we are. Why we do what we do: Great thinkers on human motivation Alfred Adler, Understanding Human Nature Viktor Frankl, The Will to Meaning Eric Hoffer, The True Believer Abraham Maslow, The Farther Reaches of Human Nature Stanley Milgram, Obedience to Authority Ivan Pavlov, Conditioned Reflexes B. F. Skinner, Beyond Freedom and Dignity Alfred Adler was a member of Freud’s original inner circle, but broke away because he disagreed that sex was the prime mover behind human behavior.

Designing the Mind: The Principles of Psychitecture by Designing the Mind, Ryan A Bush

Abraham Maslow, adjacent possible, Albert Einstein, algorithmic bias, augmented reality, butterfly effect, carbon footprint, cognitive bias, cognitive load, correlation does not imply causation, data science, delayed gratification, deliberate practice, drug harm reduction, effective altruism, Elon Musk, en.wikipedia.org, endowment effect, fundamental attribution error, hedonic treadmill, hindsight bias, impulse control, Kevin Kelly, Lao Tzu, lifelogging, longitudinal study, loss aversion, meta-analysis, Own Your Own Home, pattern recognition, price anchoring, randomized controlled trial, Silicon Valley, Stanford marshmallow experiment, Steven Pinker, systems thinking, Walter Mischel

The Value System This inner nature is not strong and overpowering and unmistakable like the instincts of animals. It is weak and delicate and subtle and easily overcome by habit, cultural pressure, and wrong attitudes toward it. - Abraham Maslow, Toward a Psychology of Being There is one area of our minds which we must understand deeply in order to live great lives - or even to know what that means. One of the great psychitectural guides, Abraham Maslow, thought each person had a biologically inscribed inner core in his mind, guiding him in the same way an acorn is guided toward becoming an oak tree. This inner core was partially unique to the individual and partially shared among all humans.

…

I don’t tend to focus on myself in this book because I find the ancient teachers, practical philosophers, and cognitive scientists who have inspired it to be far more interesting. My philosophical mentors have included Lao Tzu, Siddhārtha Gautama, Aristotle, Epicurus, Diogenes, Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus, Seneca, Michel de Montaigne, Rene Descartes, Friedrich Nietzsche, Abraham Maslow, Victor Frankl, Aaron Beck, and many more. My contemporary influences are too many to name here, but you will be introduced to them along the way. Though they did not use the term themselves, I will refer to many of these individuals as psychitectural thinkers or visionaries. I’m no more a teacher of their wisdom than a student.

…

When you insist on finding the real truth first and learning to love it second, you can become the master of your own cognition. Chapter 3: Values and the Methods of Introspection Do You Want What You Want? It isn't normal to know what we want. It is a rare and difficult psychological achievement. - Abraham Maslow, Motivation and Personality So maybe our beliefs about the external world are flawed, but if there is one thing we know, surely it is what is best for us, right? We tend to take for granted that we know what we want. Much like the beliefs we examined in the previous chapter, we all like to think we are directing our lives well.

Stealing Fire: How Silicon Valley, the Navy SEALs, and Maverick Scientists Are Revolutionizing the Way We Live and Work by Steven Kotler, Jamie Wheal

"World Economic Forum" Davos, 3D printing, Abraham Maslow, Alexander Shulgin, Alvin Toffler, augmented reality, Berlin Wall, Bernie Sanders, bitcoin, blockchain, Burning Man, Colonization of Mars, crowdsourcing, David Brooks, delayed gratification, disruptive innovation, driverless car, Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test, Elon Musk, en.wikipedia.org, Future Shock, Hacker News, high batting average, hive mind, How many piano tuners are there in Chicago?, hype cycle, Hyperloop, impulse control, independent contractor, informal economy, Jaron Lanier, John Markoff, John Perry Barlow, Kevin Kelly, Larry Ellison, lateral thinking, Mason jar, Maui Hawaii, McMansion, means of production, Menlo Park, meta-analysis, microdosing, military-industrial complex, mirror neurons, music of the spheres, off-the-grid, pattern recognition, Peter Thiel, PIHKAL and TIHKAL, prosperity theology / prosperity gospel / gospel of success, Ray Kurzweil, ride hailing / ride sharing, risk tolerance, science of happiness, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley billionaire, Silicon Valley startup, Skype, Steve Jobs, synthetic biology, TED Talk, time dilation, Tony Hsieh, urban planning, Virgin Galactic

See also Paul Marko, “Exploring Facilitative Agents That Allow Ego Development to Occur,” in Pfaffenberger, ed., The Postconventional Personality, p. 99. For another survey of the role of peak states and advanced development, see Allan Badiner’ and Alex Grey’, Zig Zag Zen: Buddhism and Psychedelics (San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2002). 34. Fifty years ago, psychologist Abraham Maslow: Abraham Maslow, Toward a Psychology of Being (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1962). 35. A 2012 study published in Cognitive Processing took it further: Referenced in Pfaffenberger, ed. The Postconventional Personality, p. 27. Primary citations: S. Harung, F. Travis, A. M. Pensgaard, R.

…

He also found a way to study this phenomenon in regular subjects: This experiment was really a variation on earlier work done by Olaf Blanke (Arzy’s Ph.D. thesis advisor). See Olaf Blanke, Bigna Lenggenhager, and Jane Aspel, “Keeping in Touch with One’s Self: Multisensory Mechanisms of Self Consciousness,” PloS One, August 5, 2009, http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0006488. 22. Abraham Maslow once famously said: Abraham Maslow, The Psychology of Science: A Reconnaissance (Chapel Hill, NC: Maurice Bassett, 2004), p. 15 23. the one in four Americans now on psychiatric medicines: “Total Number of People Taking Psychiatric Drugs in the United States,” CCHR International, https://www.cchrint.org/psychiatric-drugs/people-taking-psychiatric-drugs/. 24. the escalating rate of suicide: Sally Curtin, Margaret Warner, and Holly Hedegaard, “Increases in Suicide in the United States, 1999–2014,” NCHS Data Brief No. 241, April 2016, http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db241.htm. 25.

…

So, unlike the slog of our to-do lists, once an experience starts producing these neurochemicals, we don’t need a calendar reminder or an accountability coach to make sure we keep doing it. The intrinsically rewarding nature of the experience compels us. “So many people find this so great and high20 an experience,” wrote psychologist Abraham Maslow in his book Religion, Values, and Peak Experiences, “that it justifies not only itself, but living itself.” This explains why Silva “couldn’t live without access to these states” and left a great job at Current TV for the uncertain prospect of making more videos. It’s why action and adventure athletes routinely risk life and limb for their sports and why spiritual ascetics willingly trade creature comforts for a chance to glimpse God.

The Gifted Adult: A Revolutionary Guide for Liberating Everyday Genius(tm) by Mary-Elaine Jacobsen

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, do what you love, fear of failure, impulse control, Isaac Newton, Mahatma Gandhi, out of africa, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Richard Feynman, Stanford marshmallow experiment, Stephen Hawking, urban sprawl, Vision Fund, Walter Mischel

Hoffman, Edward. (1988) The Right to Be Human: A Biography of Abraham Maslow. Los Angeles: Jeremy Tarcher, Inc., p. 187. 4. Maslow, Abraham. (1987) Motivation and Personality. New York: Harper & Row, pp. 160–161 (third edition). 5. Roeper, “Gifted Adults.” 6. Wertheimer, Max. (1959) Productive Thinking. Published posthumously and edited by Michael Wertheimer. New York: Harper & Bros., pp. 218–219. CHAPTER TEN 1. Shnayerson, Michael. (1994) “A Star is Reborn.” Vanity Fair, November, pp. 153, 194. 2. Hoffman, Edward. (1988) The Right to Be Human: A Biography of Abraham Maslow. Los Angeles: Jeremy Tarcher, p. 32. 3. von Greiffenberg, Catharina Regina. (1978) “On the Ineffable Inspiration of the Holy Spirit.”

…

It is the First Nature traits that give rise to the Intensity, Complexity, and Drive that are the more visible characteristics of giftedness. The only way to manifest what is the norm for someone with such a highly sensitive sensory apparatus and vision of how things ought to be in a world that seems radically out of sync (think of John’s colleagues’ slow-motion mouths) is to be intense, complex, and driven. As Abraham Maslow pointed out, we are all driven by the urge to meet our needs. What if one of our most fundamental needs is to have things be just so? What do we do if our precise sense of proportion sets off an alarm in our heads when the figures we’ve drawn are slightly skewed? We stop, assess, and start over, again and again, until we get it right.

…

If we look logically at our characteristics without getting bogged down with worries about being too self-congratulatory or fearful of overshooting the mark, then we can relax into who and what we are. A part of this quest toward self-acceptance comes in a change in our self-concept and understanding the depth and breadth of our abilities. In recent years, noted humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow theorized about the human need for meaningful endeavor at the higher levels of human evolution. His famous “hierarchy of needs” suggests that well-being begins with aspects of survival (for example, food, shelter, water, procreation) and progresses through a system of needs that includes such things as a sense of belonging to a group.

The Gifted Adult: A Revolutionary Guide for Liberating Everyday Genius(tm) by Mary-Elaine Jacobsen

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, do what you love, fear of failure, impulse control, Isaac Newton, Mahatma Gandhi, out of africa, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Richard Feynman, Stanford marshmallow experiment, Stephen Hawking, urban sprawl, Vision Fund, Walter Mischel

Hoffman, Edward. (1988) The Right to Be Human: A Biography of Abraham Maslow. Los Angeles: Jeremy Tarcher, Inc., p. 187. 4. Maslow, Abraham. (1987) Motivation and Personality. New York: Harper & Row, pp. 160–161 (third edition). 5. Roeper, “Gifted Adults.” 6. Wertheimer, Max. (1959) Productive Thinking. Published posthumously and edited by Michael Wertheimer. New York: Harper & Bros., pp. 218–219. CHAPTER TEN 1. Shnayerson, Michael. (1994) “A Star is Reborn.” Vanity Fair, November, pp. 153, 194. 2. Hoffman, Edward. (1988) The Right to Be Human: A Biography of Abraham Maslow. Los Angeles: Jeremy Tarcher, p. 32. 3. von Greiffenberg, Catharina Regina. (1978) “On the Ineffable Inspiration of the Holy Spirit.”

…

It is the First Nature traits that give rise to the Intensity, Complexity, and Drive that are the more visible characteristics of giftedness. The only way to manifest what is the norm for someone with such a highly sensitive sensory apparatus and vision of how things ought to be in a world that seems radically out of sync (think of John’s colleagues’ slow-motion mouths) is to be intense, complex, and driven. As Abraham Maslow pointed out, we are all driven by the urge to meet our needs. What if one of our most fundamental needs is to have things be just so? What do we do if our precise sense of proportion sets off an alarm in our heads when the figures we’ve drawn are slightly skewed? We stop, assess, and start over, again and again, until we get it right.

…

If we look logically at our characteristics without getting bogged down with worries about being too self-congratulatory or fearful of overshooting the mark, then we can relax into who and what we are. A part of this quest toward self-acceptance comes in a change in our self-concept and understanding the depth and breadth of our abilities. In recent years, noted humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow theorized about the human need for meaningful endeavor at the higher levels of human evolution. His famous “hierarchy of needs” suggests that well-being begins with aspects of survival (for example, food, shelter, water, procreation) and progresses through a system of needs that includes such things as a sense of belonging to a group.

Mending the Net: Toward Universal Basic Incomes by Chris Oestereich

Abraham Maslow, basic income, en.wikipedia.org, future of work, Future Shock, Overton Window, profit motive, rent-seeking, The Future of Employment, The inhabitant of London could order by telephone, sipping his morning tea in bed, the various products of the whole earth, universal basic income

Chris Oestereich chris@wickedproblemscollaborative.com Publisher of the Wicked Problems Collaborative 1. Food, Water, & Shelter – From Basic Needs to Basic Income "Moved on to another town tried hard to settle down for every job, so many men so many men no one needs." -Peter Gabriel and Kate Bush "Don't Give Up" (1986) Abraham Maslow was an American psychologist who rose to prominence in the early part of the 20th century. He's primarily remembered for developing a framework that attempted to explain human motivation. Maslow’s “Hierarchy of Needs” is often visually represented as a pyramidal diagram of successive layers: physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization.

…

Chris brings a strong desire to learn, a bent towards keeping an open mind, and a compulsive reading habit to bear on whatever tickles his fancy. He and his wife Eileen are currently raising their kids in Thailand, but they’re always on the lookout for the next adventure. Chris can be reached at: chris@wickedproblemscollaborative.com References * * * [1] Abraham Maslow, “A Theory of Human Motivation,” Psychological Review, Vol 50(4), Jul 1943, 370-396, http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/rev/50/4/370/. [2] Julianna W. Miner, “Why 70 percent of kids quit sports by age 13,” The Washington Post, June 1, 2016, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/parenting/wp/2016/06/01/why-70-percent-of-kids-quit-sports-by-age-13/

Hemingway Didn't Say That: The Truth Behind Familiar Quotations by Garson O'Toole

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, Anton Chekhov, Apple's 1984 Super Bowl advert, Bertrand Russell: In Praise of Idleness, en.wikipedia.org, Honoré de Balzac, Internet Archive, Lao Tzu, Mahatma Gandhi, New Journalism, ought to be enough for anybody, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Ronald Reagan, Russell Brand, Steve Jobs, Wayback Machine, Yogi Berra

In September 1974 a columnist for the Times-Picayune newspaper of New Orleans, Louisiana, printed an instance of the expression sent by an inquirer who was eager to know the identity of the maxim’s creator:10 Who said “If all you have is a hammer, you treat everything as a nail?” inquired “Puzzled.” In November 1974 the same New Orleans columnist relayed an answer to his readers. The saying was traced back to Abraham Maslow and not to Abraham Kaplan. Also, the wording was slightly altered.11 MAGICIAN Ernie Heldman turned himself into The Times-Picayune with the source of the quotation: “If the only tool you have is a hammer, you tend to treat everything as if it were a nail.” Abraham Maslow said it in “The Psychology of Science,” published in 1966. In 1981 the financial adviser Howard J. Ruff published Survive and Win in the Inflationary Eighties.

…

With respect to the conduct of inquiry, and especially in behavioral science, I label this effect “the law of the instrument.” The simplest formulation I know of the law of the instrument runs this way: give a small boy a hammer and it will turn out that everything he encounters needs pounding. In 1966 the prominent psychologist Abraham Maslow published The Psychology of Science: A Reconnaissance. He presented an instance of the adage that is closer to the common modern versions. The word “nail” was part of this instance.8 I remember seeing an elaborate and complicated automatic washing machine for automobiles that did a beautiful job of washing them.

…

Ruff published Survive and Win in the Inflationary Eighties. The title of the book’s fourth chapter was an instance of the saying:12 CHAPTER 4 When You Have a Hammer in Your Hand, Everything Looks Like a Nail In 1982 an MIT professor attributed an instance of the saying to Maslow, as reported in the New York Times.13 “Abraham Maslow once said that to him who has only a hammer, the whole world looks like a nail,” said Joseph Weizenbaum, a professor of computer science at M.I.T. In 1984 the famous investor Warren Buffett used the adage when criticizing academic studies of financial markets that emphasized inappropriate mathematical techniques.14 It isn’t necessarily because such studies have any utility; it’s simply that the data are there and academicians have worked hard to learn the mathematical skills needed to manipulate them.

Geek Heresy: Rescuing Social Change From the Cult of Technology by Kentaro Toyama

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, Apollo 11, behavioural economics, Berlin Wall, Bernie Madoff, blood diamond, Capital in the Twenty-First Century by Thomas Piketty, Cass Sunstein, cognitive dissonance, commoditize, computer vision, conceptual framework, delayed gratification, digital divide, do well by doing good, Edward Glaeser, Edward Jenner, en.wikipedia.org, end world poverty, epigenetics, Erik Brynjolfsson, Evgeny Morozov, Francis Fukuyama: the end of history, fundamental attribution error, gamification, germ theory of disease, global village, Hans Rosling, happiness index / gross national happiness, income inequality, invention of the printing press, invisible hand, Isaac Newton, Khan Academy, Kibera, knowledge worker, Larry Ellison, Lewis Mumford, liberation theology, libertarian paternalism, longitudinal study, M-Pesa, Mahatma Gandhi, Mark Zuckerberg, means of production, microcredit, mobile money, Neil Armstrong, Nelson Mandela, Nicholas Carr, North Sea oil, One Laptop per Child (OLPC), Panopticon Jeremy Bentham, pattern recognition, Peter Singer: altruism, Peter Thiel, post-industrial society, Powell Memorandum, randomized controlled trial, rent-seeking, RFID, Richard Florida, Richard Thaler, school vouchers, self-driving car, Sheryl Sandberg, Silicon Valley, Simon Kuznets, Stanford marshmallow experiment, Steve Jobs, Steven Pinker, technological determinism, technological solutionism, technoutopianism, TED Talk, The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid, the long tail, Twitter Arab Spring, Upton Sinclair, Walter Mischel, War on Poverty, winner-take-all economy, World Values Survey, Y2K

Without taking away from anyone’s uniqueness – each of these people is a gem on the pebble beach of humanity – there’s no doubt that a pattern is at work.19 A pattern of human maturation. A pattern of intrinsic growth. A pattern of expanding heart, mind, and will. Maslovian Development Developmental psychology has many theories that could explain this pattern. The one that best fits what I’ve witnessed is the well-known hierarchy of needs developed by the psychologist Abraham Maslow. Lists of the world’s eminent psychologists inevitably include Maslow, and his ideas have taken firm root in fields well beyond psychology.20 But if Maslow’s hierarchy is a bit of a celebrity meme, it has suffered for its popularity – it’s widely misunderstood. Many people have heard about the hierarchy from pop psychology, and while some of what they’ve heard is correct, it’s mixed with inaccurate rumor-mongering.

…

In other words, aspirations for self-expression support an egalitarian view of gender as well as a strong democracy. Inglehart and Welzel themselves cited Maslow: “Aspirations for choice and self-expression are universal human aspirations: attaining them brings feelings of self-fulfillment, as Abraham Maslow pointed out long ago.”23 To explain how self-expression values lead to more democratic societies, they invoked Maslow’s terminology: “As individual safety and autonomy reduce egocentrism, they increase homocentrism” – the concern for all humankind that Maslow saw in self-actualizing and self-transcendent people.24 “What happens to [people’s] desires when there is plenty of bread?”

…

But these figures underestimate the influence of the creative class, who, combined, command half the wages of the US workforce, control many of the most powerful institutions in the country, and design the form and content of the goods that consumers buy. In economically advanced European countries, the creative class makes up a similar share of the workforce.32 Among the creative class, self-actualization is a prominent theme. Florida wrote, “Creative workers do not merely move up the scale in Abraham Maslow’s classic hierarchy of needs. Most are not very worried about meeting the basic needs of subsistence; they’re already on the upper rungs of the ladder, where intrinsic rewards such as esteem and self-actualization are sought.”33 Florida’s creative class is less motivated by the lower levels of Maslow’s hierarchy: Money represents not survival and security but “just a way to keep score,” and “the best people in any field are motivated by passion.”34 Even esteem needs take a particular form.

Affluenza: The All-Consuming Epidemic by John de Graaf, David Wann, Thomas H Naylor, David Horsey

Abraham Maslow, big-box store, carbon tax, classic study, Community Supported Agriculture, Corrections Corporation of America, Dennis Tito, disinformation, Donald Trump, Exxon Valdez, financial independence, Ford Model T, Ford paid five dollars a day, full employment, God and Mammon, greed is good, income inequality, informal economy, intentional community, invisible hand, Isaac Newton, It's morning again in America, junk bonds, low interest rates, Mark Shuttleworth, McMansion, medical malpractice, new economy, PalmPilot, Paradox of Choice, Peter Calthorpe, planned obsolescence, Ralph Nader, Ray Oldenburg, Ronald Reagan, Silicon Valley, Simon Kuznets, single-payer health, space junk, SpaceShipOne, systems thinking, The Great Good Place, trade route, upwardly mobile, Yogi Berra, young professional

The people of the medieval era stressed the importance of loyalty to and faith in a communally held vision.”3 During resource-scarce periods, the Japanese culture developed kenjutsu (fencing), jujitsu (martial arts), saka (tea ceremony and flower arrangement), go (Japanese “chess"), and many other cultural refinements. The culture became so highly evolved, according to Sakaiya, that the firearm was banned as too crude and destructive a method of settling differences. When humanist psychologist Abraham Maslow observed the Canadian Blackfoot Indian culture in the 1930s, he too found evidence that the concept of wealth is a social construct, based partly on instinct and partly on the strategic pursuit of such socially laudable goals as equity, diversity, and resourcefulness. In short, wealth is far more than just money.

…

Everyone knows a few unique individuals—usually elderly—who are healthy, wise, playful, relaxed, spontaneous, generous, open-minded, and loving: people who focus on problems outside themselves and have a clear sense of what’s authentic and what’s not. They are people for whom life gets in the way of work, on purpose. For them, work is play, because they choose work they love. Abraham Maslow termed these people “self-actualized” individuals. He placed a lot of faith in the human potential to meet basic needs and then progress—under one’s own guidance—up a hierarchy of needs toward fulfillment. Before he died in 1969, Maslow concluded that most Americans had met the basic physical (the only ones that are primarily material) and security needs, and had progressed to at least the “love and belongingness” rung of the hierarchy.

…

Meadows, Dennis Meadows, and Jorgen Randers, Beyond the Limits (Post Mills, Vt.: Chelsea Green, 1992), 216. 3. Taichi Sakaiya, The Knowledge-Value Revolution; or, A History of the Future (Tokyo and New York: Kodansha International, 1991), 43. 4. Edward Hoffman, The Right to Be Human: A Biography of Abraham Maslow (Wellingborough, UK: Crucible Press, 1989), 122, 128. 5. Andrew Weil, Eating Well for Optimum Health (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000), 21. 6. Eric Fromm, To Have or to Be? (New York: Bantam, 1982), 155. 7. Jane Brody, “Cybersex Gives Birth to a Psychological Disorder,” New York Times, May 16, 2000: D7. 8.

Transport for Humans: Are We Nearly There Yet? by Pete Dyson, Rory Sutherland

Abraham Maslow, Alan Greenspan, autonomous vehicles, barriers to entry, behavioural economics, bitcoin, Black Swan, Boeing 747, BRICs, butterfly effect, car-free, carbon footprint, Charles Babbage, choice architecture, cognitive bias, cognitive load, coronavirus, COVID-19, Crossrail, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, decarbonisation, demand response, Diane Coyle, digital map, driverless car, Dunning–Kruger effect, Elon Musk, fake news, functional fixedness, gender pay gap, George Akerlof, gig economy, global supply chain, Goodhart's law, Greta Thunberg, Gödel, Escher, Bach, high-speed rail, hive mind, Hyperloop, Induced demand, informal economy, Isaac Newton, Jane Jacobs, lockdown, longitudinal study, loss aversion, low cost airline, Lyft, megaproject, meta-analysis, Network effects, nudge unit, Ocado, overview effect, Paul Samuelson, performance metric, pneumatic tube, RAND corporation, randomized controlled trial, remote working, ride hailing / ride sharing, risk tolerance, Rory Sutherland, Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, selection bias, Skype, smart transportation, social distancing, South Sea Bubble, systems thinking, TED Talk, the map is not the territory, The Market for Lemons, the scientific method, The Wisdom of Crowds, Thomas Malthus, Uber and Lyft, uber lyft, urban planning, Veblen good, When a measure becomes a target, yield management, zero-sum game

If you need evidence that humans are messy, non-rational and fickle creatures, then surely this is it. A shifting hierarchy of user needs If transport is for humans, then what aspects of the experience might we target improving? We can begin to prioritize by adapting a hierarchy of needs that follows Abraham Maslow’s iconic contribution to psychology in 1943, which we acknowledge isn’t perfect, but works here to illustrate an important point.20 Sitting at the base of our pyramid are essential factors like reliability and safety, with desirable factors like pleasure and enjoyment placed above. Crucially, to access higher-level needs, the basics must be satisfied.

…

Habituation reduces the visibility of other options, and eventually it lessens our capability to use these options at all. Research by London’s Roads Task Force found that only 14% of all trips by drivers involve thought about which mode of travel to use, with just 4% giving serious thought to this question for any given journey.2 To paraphrase Abraham Maslow, the creator of the hierarchy of needs: ‘if all you ever use is a car, every journey looks like a drive’. Social norms often guide us through uncertainty, but they also restrict our choices to those we feel other people will find acceptable and to those that are consistent with our identity. This means that it feels bad to change our habits even when we find out about other options.

…

R. McMaster, a US National Security Advisor between 2017 and 2018, used the term ‘strategic narcissism’ to describe ‘the tendency to define challenges that we face only in relation to us, and then assume that what we prefer to do will be decisive to achieving a favourable outcome’.6 In 1966 Abraham Maslow, the psychologist who created the ‘hierarchy of needs’, coined the phrase: ‘If the only tool you have is a hammer, it is tempting to treat everything as if it were a nail.’ 7 In the United Kingdom, this effect is sometimes affectionately called a Birmingham screwdriver, but it is now more formally known as ‘attribution substitution’: when a target attribute is computationally complex, we are inclined to substitute a more easily calculated attribute.

Personal Kanban: Mapping Work, Navigating Life by Jim Benson, Tonianne Demaria Barry

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, Asperger Syndrome, Bluma Zeigarnik, corporate governance, Howard Rheingold, intangible asset, job satisfaction, Kaizen: continuous improvement, Kanban, Ken Thompson, pattern recognition, performance metric, The Wisdom of Crowds, urban planning, Yogi Berra

An efficiency tool: focusing on our value stream encourages us to find ways to do more while expending less effort. An effectiveness tool: making our options explicit leads us to make informed decisions. We’re all capable of having bursts of productivity, efficiency, and effectiveness—punctuated moments of heightened clarity, sense of purpose, and self-validation. Psychologist Abraham Maslow referred to these as “peak experiences”—revelatory or illuminating states of consciousness when we are operating at our best.1 Popularly we refer to this state as being “in the zone.” These are instances when we recognize that right then, at that moment, there is a special quality for how our brain is working, how good we feel about our work, and how right our actions feel.

…

Clarity raises the bar for “normal” workers. When we have clarity, we use our time efficiently, we act with informed certainty, and we do a better job. Regardless of hero or non-hero status, even if the project itself is not a success, everyone can excel with clarity, everyone can provide value. Psychologist Abraham Maslow’s oft-quoted and perpetually misunderstood “Hierarchy of Needs” depicts interdependent levels of human physical, social, and psychological need. Clarity is not an esoteric luxury, it is universally essential. So why then, among a list of the instinctive needs of a fully functioning person, is clarity nowhere to be found?

The Buddha and the Badass: The Secret Spiritual Art of Succeeding at Work by Vishen Lakhiani

Abraham Maslow, Buckminster Fuller, Burning Man, call centre, Colonization of Mars, crowdsourcing, data science, deliberate practice, do what you love, Elon Musk, fail fast, fundamental attribution error, future of work, gamification, Google Glasses, Google X / Alphabet X, iterative process, Jeff Bezos, meta-analysis, microbiome, performance metric, Peter Thiel, profit motive, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, skunkworks, Skype, social bookmarking, social contagion, solopreneur, Steve Jobs, Steven Levy, TED Talk, web application, white picket fence, work culture

It was the strength of a person’s social connections that mattered most. I wrote about my survey of job candidates in the introduction to Part II in this book and how it led me to identify four clusters of basic human needs that underlie top performance. There’s more to the story than that. Later, I was getting into the work of Abraham Maslow and noticed a fascinating similarity: The four quadrants on my diagram almost perfectly matched the four upper levels of Maslow’s pyramid. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs shows the universal stages of motivation that all humans go through. Maslow says that in order for any person to move from one level to the next, the underlying needs must be satisfied.

…

In these instances a person questions whether they are good enough, and the memory of the hurt gets etched into their being. There’s a chink in the core belief “I am enough.” From that moment, life becomes a quest to prove they matter to the world. I don’t know anyone who doesn’t deal with this in some manner. And I am no exception. The chasing of significance aligns with the fourth level of Abraham Maslow’s pyramid, which he categorizes as Esteem. Maslow’s theory suggests that when a person’s Physical Safety and Love/Belonging needs are met, being appreciated and respected predominantly motivates behavior. I studied something I didn’t enjoy and took a job I didn’t like because I wanted to feel significant and raise my self-esteem.

…

To the thought leaders who are no longer with us but who have influenced my life and the ideas in this book: Buckminster Fuller, for showing me how to tackle impossible problems; Terrence McKenna, for your stand for people living self-expressed lives, for your mind-bending wisdom, and for contributing to my worldview; Rumi, for your spiritual guidance and your poems that have stuck with me and shaped the way I work; Martin Luther King Jr., for inspiring us all to live bravely; and Abraham Maslow, for revolutionizing the field of human psychology with your Hierarchy of Needs. ALSO BY VISHEN LAKHIANI The Code of the Extraordinary Mind ABOUT THE AUTHOR Vishen Lakhiani is the founder and CEO of Mindvalley, an online learning platform that combines media, filmmaking, tech, and real-world events to build its education empire, with over two million students.

The Job: The Future of Work in the Modern Era by Ellen Ruppel Shell

"Friedman doctrine" OR "shareholder theory", 3D printing, Abraham Maslow, affirmative action, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, Airbnb, airport security, Albert Einstein, AlphaGo, Amazon Mechanical Turk, basic income, Baxter: Rethink Robotics, big-box store, blue-collar work, Buckminster Fuller, call centre, Capital in the Twenty-First Century by Thomas Piketty, Clayton Christensen, cloud computing, collective bargaining, company town, computer vision, corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, creative destruction, crowdsourcing, data science, deskilling, digital divide, disruptive innovation, do what you love, Donald Trump, Downton Abbey, Elon Musk, emotional labour, Erik Brynjolfsson, factory automation, follow your passion, Frederick Winslow Taylor, future of work, game design, gamification, gentrification, glass ceiling, Glass-Steagall Act, hiring and firing, human-factors engineering, immigration reform, income inequality, independent contractor, industrial research laboratory, industrial robot, invisible hand, It's morning again in America, Jeff Bezos, Jessica Bruder, job automation, job satisfaction, John Elkington, John Markoff, John Maynard Keynes: Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren, Joseph Schumpeter, Kickstarter, knowledge economy, knowledge worker, Kodak vs Instagram, labor-force participation, low skilled workers, Lyft, manufacturing employment, Marc Andreessen, Mark Zuckerberg, means of production, move fast and break things, new economy, Norbert Wiener, obamacare, offshore financial centre, Paul Samuelson, precariat, Quicken Loans, Ralph Waldo Emerson, risk tolerance, Robert Gordon, Robert Shiller, Rodney Brooks, Ronald Reagan, scientific management, Second Machine Age, self-driving car, shareholder value, sharing economy, Silicon Valley, Snapchat, Steve Jobs, stock buybacks, TED Talk, The Chicago School, The Theory of the Leisure Class by Thorstein Veblen, Thomas L Friedman, Thorstein Veblen, Tim Cook: Apple, Uber and Lyft, uber lyft, universal basic income, urban renewal, Wayback Machine, WeWork, white picket fence, working poor, workplace surveillance , Y Combinator, young professional, zero-sum game

While few would deny that many jobs require commitment, passion is perhaps better reserved for matters of the heart. So from where stems the idea that passion—that most ineffable of qualities—is necessary for a meaningful working life? That’s hard to say, but some trace it to the work of psychologist Abraham Maslow. Maslow was born and raised poor in Brooklyn, the oldest of seven children in a very unhappy family; he loathed his abusive parents and as a young man he loathed himself. But in graduate school, he came to believe that there were indeed good people in the world, and that Freudian theory placed too much emphasis on psychopathologies and not enough on human strengths.

…

Hard work brought Wrzesniewski a partial scholarship to the University of Pennsylvania, just as the new movement in positive psychology was taking hold there in the early 1990s. Freudians centered their attention on pathologies of despair—narcissism, paranoia, depression, schizophrenia. “Positive psychologists” (like Abraham Maslow, a father of the movement) looked in a more hopeful direction, to characteristics that predispose us to thrive: generosity, optimism, resilience, courage. In graduate school, Wrzesniewski was naturally drawn to this positive approach, but she harbored no illusions. “Growing up, I saw that work could bring great joy,” she told me.

…

To do more, they came to worry, was to risk losing their jobs. Wrzesniewski was saddened by this, but not surprised. “There was no way to monetize the value the cleaners were adding to the patient experience,” she told me. “And the bottom line is paramount. I’ve never seen an organization that sees worker dignity as a terminal value.” Psychologist Abraham Maslow, creator of the hierarchy of needs paradigm, confided in his diaries that he saw his theories as a compromise, a way of threading a path through delicate institutional hierarchies without treading on ideological toes. His goal was not to help workers directly but to help employers create an environment where the needs of the individual were naturally aligned with the demands of the organization.

Extreme Economies: Survival, Failure, Future – Lessons From the World’s Limits by Richard Davies

Abraham Maslow, agricultural Revolution, air freight, Anton Chekhov, artificial general intelligence, autonomous vehicles, barriers to entry, big-box store, cashless society, clean water, complexity theory, deindustrialization, digital divide, eurozone crisis, failed state, financial innovation, Ford Model T, Garrett Hardin, gentleman farmer, Global Witness, government statistician, illegal immigration, income inequality, informal economy, it's over 9,000, James Hargreaves, job automation, John Maynard Keynes: Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren, John Maynard Keynes: technological unemployment, joint-stock company, large denomination, Livingstone, I presume, Malacca Straits, mandatory minimum, manufacturing employment, means of production, megacity, meta-analysis, new economy, off grid, oil shale / tar sands, pension reform, profit motive, randomized controlled trial, rolling blackouts, school choice, school vouchers, Scramble for Africa, side project, Silicon Valley, Simon Kuznets, Skype, spinning jenny, subscription business, The Chicago School, the payments system, trade route, Tragedy of the Commons, Travis Kalanick, uranium enrichment, urban planning, wealth creators, white picket fence, working-age population, Y Combinator, young professional

Then the rice fields of lowland Aceh begin, and a rich green carpet runs out all the way to the deep-blue ocean of the Malacca Strait. 2 Zaatari A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, if he is to be ultimately at peace with himself. What a man can be, he must be. Abraham Maslow, Motivation and Personality, 1954 ZAATARI EMERGES THE FOX They call him the Fox because of his eyes. Khaled’s gaze flicks from side to side as he scans the horizon, looking for danger or opportunity. He needs to be alert. As the kingpin of a syndicate of renegade traders he leads a precarious existence.

…

But with no trade taking place in the market, there was no need to clean: no packaging to recycle, no discarded malfouf leaves to sweep up. So the men spent the afternoon sitting on the floor with nothing to do, in the shade of one of the many empty shop units. A couple were talking, but most just stared out across the desert. THE PYRAMID OF LIFE Abraham Maslow would have had firm opinions about which of the two refugee camps, Azraq or Zaatari, was a better place to rebuild a life uprooted by war. Maslow was born in Brooklyn in 1908, the eldest son of immigrants from Kiev. From humble beginnings he became an influential figure in psychology, teaching at Columbia University in New York City and rising to be president of the American Psychological Association.

…

Yet official bodies such as Jordan’s SRAD and the UNHCR – the organizations with the power to change these camps – saw the emergence of uncontrolled and unregulated Zaatari as an aberration. So they built Azraq to a model, an idealized camp that had learned the lessons from errors made in Zaatari. Visiting these economies, talking to the people who live there, and seeing them through the lens of the human needs outlined by Abraham Maslow suggests the official conclusions were the wrong way round. The camps offer the first glimpse of a theme that is central to the failures of the three economies in the second part of this book – that even benign policymakers can get economic planning badly wrong. By 4.30 p.m. on my final day in Zaatari my curfew had been broken.

Aftershock: The Next Economy and America's Future by Robert B. Reich

Abraham Maslow, Alan Greenspan, Berlin Wall, business cycle, carbon tax, declining real wages, delayed gratification, Doha Development Round, endowment effect, Ford Model T, full employment, George Akerlof, high-speed rail, Home mortgage interest deduction, Hyman Minsky, illegal immigration, income inequality, invisible hand, job automation, junk bonds, labor-force participation, Long Term Capital Management, loss aversion, low interest rates, Michael Milken, military-industrial complex, mortgage debt, new economy, offshore financial centre, Ralph Nader, Ronald Reagan, school vouchers, sovereign wealth fund, The Theory of the Leisure Class by Thorstein Veblen, Thorstein Veblen, too big to fail, We are all Keynesians now, World Values Survey

Once we’ve enjoyed something, the next experience of it is not quite as wonderful, and the third might even be humdrum. As long as we’re not destitute, happiness is less about getting what we want than about appreciating what we already have. Much of what people want can’t be bought anyway. In 1943, behavioral scientist Abraham Maslow wrote “A Theory of Human Motivation,” a paper in which he posited a hierarchy of human needs. At the bottom are food, shelter, sex, and sleep (of which the first two are typically purchased, although markets also exist for the latter two). Next come safety and security (which we normally purchase as well, typically through locks on the doors and taxes that pay for police officers and a system of criminal justice).

…

., “The Depression Generation,” The North American Review 234 (October 1932). 3 University of Michigan researcher Ronald Inglehart: See Ronald Inglehart, Christian Welzel, and Roberto Foa, World Values Survey: Happiness Trends in 24 Countries, 1946–2006, January 2008. 4 In 1943, behavioral scientist Abraham Maslow: The original article appeared in Psychological Review 50, no. 4 (1943): 370–96. See also Janet Simons, Donald Irwin, and Beverly Drinnien, Psychology: The Search for Understanding (New York: West Publishing Company, 1987). 5 Before the Great Recession: See press release: Annals of Internal Medicine, University of Chicago Medical School Press, December 6, 2004. 6 In 2007, Americans spent a whopping $23.9 billion: J.

Made to Stick: Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die by Chip Heath, Dan Heath

Abraham Maslow, affirmative action, Alan Greenspan, availability heuristic, Barry Marshall: ulcers, classic study, correlation does not imply causation, desegregation, Helicobacter pylori, Jeff Hawkins, low cost airline, Menlo Park, PalmPilot, Paradox of Choice, Pepto Bismol, Ronald Reagan, Rosa Parks, shareholder value, Silicon Valley, Stephen Hawking, telemarketer

“Don’t say, ‘People will enjoy’”: Caples/Hahn, Tested Advertising, 133. Cable TV in Tempe: W. Larry Gregory, Robert B. Cialdini, and Kathleen M. Carpenter, “Self-Relevant Scenarios as Mediators of Likelihood Estimates and Compliance: Does Imagining Make It So?” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 43 (1982): 89–99. In 1954, a psychologist named Abraham Maslow: Abraham Maslow, Motivation and Personality (New York: Harper, 1954). Subsequent research suggests that the hierarchical: See any introductory book in psychology. Every textbook author prints a picture of Maslow’s hierarchy because it’s a great graphic, then confesses that the hierarchical aspect of his theory didn’t quite work.

…

Maslow Self-interest isn’t the whole story, of course—especially if we define “self-interest” narrowly, as we often do, in terms of wealth and security. If it were the whole story, no one would ever serve in the armed forces. There are things people care about that would never appear in a Caples ad. In 1954, a psychologist named Abraham Maslow surveyed the research in psychology about what motivates people. He boiled down volumes of existing research to a list of needs and desires that people try to fulfill: Transcendence: help others realize their potential Self-actualization: realize our own potential, self-fulfillment, peak experiences Aesthetic: symmetry, order, beauty, balance Learning: know, understand, mentally connect Esteem: achieve, be competent, gain approval, independence, status Belonging: love, family, friends, affection Security: protection, safety, stability Physical: hunger, thirst, bodily comfort You may remember this list as Maslow’s Pyramid, or Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.

The Price of Tomorrow: Why Deflation Is the Key to an Abundant Future by Jeff Booth

3D printing, Abraham Maslow, activist fund / activist shareholder / activist investor, additive manufacturing, AI winter, Airbnb, Albert Einstein, AlphaGo, Amazon Web Services, artificial general intelligence, augmented reality, autonomous vehicles, basic income, bitcoin, blockchain, Bretton Woods, business intelligence, butterfly effect, Charles Babbage, Claude Shannon: information theory, clean water, cloud computing, cognitive bias, collapse of Lehman Brothers, Computing Machinery and Intelligence, corporate raider, creative destruction, crony capitalism, crowdsourcing, cryptocurrency, currency manipulation / currency intervention, dark matter, deep learning, DeepMind, deliberate practice, digital twin, distributed ledger, Donald Trump, Elon Musk, fiat currency, Filter Bubble, financial engineering, full employment, future of work, game design, gamification, general purpose technology, Geoffrey Hinton, Gordon Gekko, Great Leap Forward, Hyman Minsky, hype cycle, income inequality, inflation targeting, information asymmetry, invention of movable type, Isaac Newton, Jeff Bezos, John Maynard Keynes: Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren, John von Neumann, Joseph Schumpeter, late fees, low interest rates, Lyft, Maslow's hierarchy, Milgram experiment, Minsky moment, Modern Monetary Theory, moral hazard, Nelson Mandela, Network effects, Nick Bostrom, oil shock, OpenAI, pattern recognition, Ponzi scheme, quantitative easing, race to the bottom, ride hailing / ride sharing, self-driving car, software as a service, technoutopianism, TED Talk, the long tail, the scientific method, Thomas Bayes, Turing test, Uber and Lyft, uber lyft, universal basic income, winner-take-all economy, X Prize, zero-sum game

And even if you do not agree with everything Elon Musk does or says, it is hard to argue that he has not mastered the ability to influence and, because of that influence, has accelerated numerous industries for the betterment of humanity. With so much to be gained, understanding how humans make decisions and how to influence those decisions is central to power: gaining it and keeping it. In 1943, American psychologist Abraham Maslow (1908–1970) proposed a theory that all humans possess a hierarchy of needs from basic need to self-actualization: some needs were more important than others, and needs on one level must be satisfied before the next can be addressed.62 As an example, survival is a basic need and, as a result, is the first thing that motivates our behaviour.

…

Roy Baumeister and Mark Leary, “The Need to Belong,” Psychological Bulletin, May 1995, pages 497–529. dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497. 60. Muzafer Sherif, Group Conflict and Co-operation (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, 1966). 61. Frank Outlaw, “Watch Your Thoughts, They Become Words; Watch Your Words, They Become Actions,” Quote Investigator, January 10, 2013. quoteinvestigator.com/2013/01/10/watch-your-thoughts. 62. Abraham Maslow, “A Theory of Human Motivation,” Psychological Review (1943), pages 370–396. 63. Louis Tay and Ed Diener, “Needs and Subjective Well-Being around the World,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, August 2011, pages 354–365. psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Fa0023779. 64. Yu-kai Chou, “Octalysis—The Complete Gamification Frame-work,” yukaichou.com/gamification-examples/octalysis-complete-gamification-framework. 65.

Break Through: Why We Can't Leave Saving the Planet to Environmentalists by Michael Shellenberger, Ted Nordhaus

"World Economic Forum" Davos, Abraham Maslow, affirmative action, An Inconvenient Truth, anti-communist, Berlin Wall, bread and circuses, carbon credits, carbon tax, clean water, conceptual framework, David Brooks, deindustrialization, Easter island, facts on the ground, falling living standards, Francis Fukuyama: the end of history, full employment, Great Leap Forward, Herbert Marcuse, illegal immigration, Indoor air pollution, insecure affluence, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), invisible hand, knowledge economy, land reform, loss aversion, market fundamentalism, McMansion, means of production, meta-analysis, Michael Shellenberger, microcredit, new economy, oil shock, postindustrial economy, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Richard Florida, science of happiness, seminal paper, Silicon Valley, Stewart Brand, Ted Nordhaus, the strength of weak ties, Thomas Kuhn: the structure of scientific revolutions, trade liberalization, War on Poverty, We are as Gods, winner-take-all economy, World Values Survey, zero-sum game

And in consistently defining the interests of others—whether they are corporate executives, labor unions, or Brazilian peasants—as outside the categories of the environment and nature, environmental and conservation leaders have failed to create a politics capable of dealing with ecological crises. 2. In 1943, the American psychologist Abraham Maslow wrote a seminal paper called “A Theory of Human Motivation.”8 In it he introduced the theory that humans have a “hierarchy of needs,” a deceptively simple concept that many of us can still remember seeing as a multicolor pyramid in our high school social studies classes. At the bottom of the pyramid there were the basic material needs: food, shelter, and security.

…

By this standard, virtually every American today—in contrast to roughly one-third of all Americans in the 1930s—has more than met his or her material needs and is a postmaterialist.7 Once we meet our material needs, we all experience a variety of postmaterial needs that are no less strongly felt than our material needs for sustenance and security. This was Abraham Maslow’s central insight—that higher needs such as personal freedom, meaningful work, and self-creation do not emerge strongly among those who have barely enough to eat or nowhere safe to live.8 And while some social scientists and psychologists quibble with elements of Maslow’s hierarchy,9 the underlying concept—that there exists a universal hierarchy of human needs—remains to this day the consensus among social scientists.10 Postmaterialists still have material needs.

…

Greatness appeals to the future.” Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Self-Reliance,” in The Essential Writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson (New York: Random House, 2000), 133, 135, 139. [back] 37. “Become who you are!” Friedrich Nietzsche, Thus Spoke Zarathustra (New York: Barnes and Noble Books, 2005). [back] 38. Abraham Maslow, Toward a Psychology of Being (New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1968, 1999), 149–234. [back] 39. “If we value independence, if we are disturbed by the growing conformity of knowledge, of values, of attitudes, which our present system induces, then we may wish to set up conditions of learning which make for uniqueness, for self-direction, and for self-initiated learning.”

The Purpose Economy: How Your Desire for Impact, Personal Growth and Community Is Changing the World by Aaron Hurst

Abraham Maslow, Airbnb, Alvin Toffler, Atul Gawande, barriers to entry, benefit corporation, big-box store, bike sharing, Bill Atkinson, business process, call centre, carbon footprint, citizen journalism, commoditize, corporate social responsibility, crowdsourcing, disintermediation, do well by doing good, Elon Musk, Firefox, General Magic , glass ceiling, greed is good, housing crisis, independent contractor, informal economy, Jane Jacobs, jimmy wales, Khan Academy, Kickstarter, Lean Startup, longitudinal study, Max Levchin, means of production, Mitch Kapor, new economy, pattern recognition, Peter Singer: altruism, Peter Thiel, QR code, Ray Oldenburg, remote working, Ronald Reagan, selection bias, sharing economy, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, Steve Jobs, TaskRabbit, TED Talk, Tony Hsieh, too big to fail, underbanked, women in the workforce, work culture , young professional, Zipcar

Arthur is a classic example of the Millennial workforce: entrepreneurial, ambitious, and socially-oriented. The Millennial generation (those born in the 1980s and 1990s) has become known as the purpose generation. It is increasingly a generation known for its desire to make a difference, grow, and share its passion with the world.3 Abraham Maslow famously put forward a pyramid model to explain human motivations, in which basic survival needs form the base, and others, such as self-esteem and creative expression, only become concerns, or needs, when the more basic ones are satisfied. That this set of priorities is being expressed so powerfully by the Millennials is a natural result of a larger social shift that’s been taking place, a shift up Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.

…

Positive psychology has materialized in the last dozen years to examine the role of meaning and well-being in our lives and at work. Researchers in the field study how human beings prosper in the face of adversity and the conditions necessary for them to flourish. While the term ‘positive psychology’ was first coined by Abraham Maslow in the 1950s, it was the University of Pennsylvania’s Martin Seligman who popularized the idea in 1998, when he presented it in his presidential address at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association. He was one of a growing group of leaders in psychology who were unhappy with the disease-oriented field and saw a void when it came to studying positive psychological traits like meaning, courage, and happiness.

This Could Be Our Future: A Manifesto for a More Generous World by Yancey Strickler

"Friedman doctrine" OR "shareholder theory", "World Economic Forum" Davos, Abraham Maslow, accelerated depreciation, Adam Curtis, basic income, benefit corporation, Big Tech, big-box store, business logic, Capital in the Twenty-First Century by Thomas Piketty, Cass Sunstein, cognitive dissonance, corporate governance, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, data science, David Graeber, Donald Trump, Doomsday Clock, Dutch auction, effective altruism, Elon Musk, financial independence, gender pay gap, gentrification, global supply chain, Hacker News, housing crisis, Ignaz Semmelweis: hand washing, invention of the printing press, invisible hand, Jeff Bezos, job automation, John Maynard Keynes: Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren, John Nash: game theory, Joi Ito, Joseph Schumpeter, Kickstarter, Kōnosuke Matsushita, Larry Ellison, Louis Pasteur, Mark Zuckerberg, medical bankruptcy, Mr. Money Mustache, new economy, Oculus Rift, off grid, offshore financial centre, Parker Conrad, Ralph Nader, RAND corporation, Richard Thaler, Ronald Reagan, Rutger Bregman, self-driving car, shareholder value, Silicon Valley, Simon Kuznets, Snapchat, Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits, Solyndra, stem cell, Steve Jobs, stock buybacks, TechCrunch disrupt, TED Talk, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, Thomas Kuhn: the structure of scientific revolutions, Travis Kalanick, Tyler Cowen, universal basic income, white flight, Zenefits

It’s pro-money. It’s just pro-people, too. In service of people, money can be a very positive force. But when we live our lives serving money—by choice or because we have no choice—we severely limit our potential. THE IMPORTANCE OF MONEY In 1943, a thirty-five-year-old sociologist named Abraham Maslow published a paper in Psychological Review called “A Theory of Human Motivation.” In it, Maslow presented a theory that people move through a series of needs in their lives, and that each need is a stepping-stone to the next. Maslow saw five needs that people move through: Physiological needs (food, water, shelter) Safety (health, physical, financial) Love (family, friendships, belonging) Esteem (the drive to achieve, live meaningfully, be recognized) Self-actualization (“to become everything that one is capable of becoming”) Ideally, a person’s life progresses through these stages.

…

Each Bento has its own core values and ways of valuing that set the norms for that space. They don’t encompass every value possibility. Just what’s at the root level. Now Me is about the here and now. This is life as we know it today. In Now Me the governing values are security, pleasure, and autonomy. Security reflects the first rungs of Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Security is the voice that pushes us to provide for ourselves. The drive for money that’s actually in our best interest. This value governs Now Me because Now Me’s job is to keep us safe from harm. Pleasure is a wild card. Pleasure can be a wonderfully valid reason to do something.

McMindfulness: How Mindfulness Became the New Capitalist Spirituality by Ronald Purser

"World Economic Forum" Davos, Abraham Maslow, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, Bernie Sanders, biodiversity loss, British Empire, capitalist realism, commoditize, corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, digital capitalism, Donald Trump, Edward Snowden, fake news, Frederick Winslow Taylor, friendly fire, Goldman Sachs: Vampire Squid, housing crisis, Howard Zinn, impulse control, job satisfaction, liberation theology, Lyft, Marc Benioff, mass incarceration, meta-analysis, military-industrial complex, moral panic, Nelson Mandela, neoliberal agenda, Nicholas Carr, obamacare, placebo effect, precariat, prosperity theology / prosperity gospel / gospel of success, publication bias, Ralph Waldo Emerson, randomized controlled trial, Ronald Reagan, Salesforce, science of happiness, scientific management, shareholder value, Sheryl Sandberg, Silicon Valley, Slavoj Žižek, source of truth, stealth mode startup, TED Talk, The Spirit Level, Tony Hsieh, too big to fail, Torches of Freedom, trickle-down economics, uber lyft, work culture

This began a few hundred years ago as a way of reconciling faith with modern scientific knowledge. Private experience could not be measured by science, so religion was internalized. Important figures in this process include the nineteenth-century psychologist William James, who was instrumental in psychologizing religion, as well as Abraham Maslow, whose humanistic psychology provided the impetus for the New Age movement. In Selling Spirituality: The Silent Takeover of Religion, Jeremy Carrette and Richard King argue that Asian wisdom traditions have been subject to colonization and commodification since the eighteenth century, producing a highly individualistic spirituality, perfectly accommodated to dominant cultural values and requiring no substantive change in lifestyle.18 Such an individualistic spirituality is clearly linked with the neoliberal agenda of privatization, especially when masked by the ambiguous language used in mindfulness.

…

David Smail calls this philosophy “magical voluntarism,” in which relief from distress depends entirely on acts of will (also known as the choice to practice mindfulness), not on changing the causal conditions.1 Reflecting on this ethos of self-responsibility, I began to feel a sense of déjà vu. As a young, idealistic undergraduate in Northern California in the late 1970s, I was a student of humanistic psychology, immersed in works by Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow, and Fritz Perls, along with existentialists, depth psychologists and other human potential gurus. Self-improvement seminars like Werner Erhard’s EST were all the rage, and the neoliberal priorities of the Thatcher-Reagan era were taking shape. Feeling self-righteous after jumping ship from a behavioral-experimental “rat” psychology program in the Midwest, I enthusiastically drank the Kool-Aid, believing change, self-actualization, and transformation came from within — all within the power and agency of an autonomous subject.

The Big Sort: Why the Clustering of Like-Minded America Is Tearing Us Apart by Bill Bishop, Robert G. Cushing

1960s counterculture, Abraham Maslow, affirmative action, American Legislative Exchange Council, An Inconvenient Truth, assortative mating, big-box store, blue-collar work, Cass Sunstein, citizen journalism, cognitive dissonance, David Brooks, demographic transition, desegregation, Edward Glaeser, immigration reform, income inequality, industrial cluster, Jane Jacobs, knowledge economy, longitudinal study, Maslow's hierarchy, mass immigration, meta-analysis, Milgram experiment, music of the spheres, New Urbanism, post-industrial society, post-materialism, Ralph Nader, Recombinant DNA, Richard Florida, Robert Solow, Ronald Reagan, Silicon Valley, stem cell, Steve Jobs, superstar cities, The Death and Life of Great American Cities, the long tail, the strength of weak ties, union organizing, War on Poverty, white flight, World Values Survey

But those who grew up in abundance would be more concerned with self-expression.12 Those who lived in times of depression or joblessness esteemed economic growth. Those who knew plenty were more concerned about the environment and individual choice. Inglehart's theory of social change rested on psychiatrist Abraham Maslow's theory that people act according to a "hierarchy of needs."13 Maslow's list was specific—individuals seek to satisfy thirst before hunger, for example. In his model of human behavior, after basic physical demands are satisfied, new needs arise: survival is followed by security, then social connections, and eventually self-fulfillment.

…

Unless advertisers could learn to distinguish the composer of "White Rabbit" from the president's daughter, O'Toole wrote, marketing research was useless. O'Toole argued that statistics on income, age, and education had lost relevance because there had been a "Revolution of the Individual" in the United States. The advertising executive didn't acknowledge having read about Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs or Ronald Inglehart's silent revolution. But he was describing the same phenomenon—the explosion of self-expression in a post-materialist economy. People were no longer willing to be treated as part of a mass because they didn't think of themselves that way, O'Toole told his fellow marketing executives.

…

"Toward a More Responsible Two-Party System: A Report of the Committee on Political Parties," pt. 2, American Political Science Review 44, no. 3 (1950): S18. 12. Ronald Inglehart and Christian Welzel, Modernization, Cultural Change, and Democracy: The Human Development Sequence (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), pp. 2–4. 13. Abraham Maslow, "A Theory of Human Motivation," Psychological Review 50 (1943): 370–96. See also Ronald Inglehart, Culture Shift in Advanced Industrial Society (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1990), pp. 152–53. 14. Ronald Inglehart, Modernization and Postmodernization: Cultural, Economic, and Political Change in 43 Societies (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997), p. 8.

Who's Your City?: How the Creative Economy Is Making Where to Live the Most Important Decision of Your Life by Richard Florida

Abraham Maslow, active measures, assortative mating, back-to-the-city movement, barriers to entry, big-box store, blue-collar work, borderless world, BRICs, business climate, Celebration, Florida, correlation coefficient, creative destruction, dark matter, David Brooks, David Ricardo: comparative advantage, deindustrialization, demographic transition, edge city, Edward Glaeser, epigenetics, extreme commuting, financial engineering, gentrification, Geoffrey West, Santa Fe Institute, happiness index / gross national happiness, high net worth, income inequality, industrial cluster, invention of the telegraph, Jane Jacobs, job satisfaction, Joseph Schumpeter, knowledge economy, knowledge worker, low skilled workers, megacity, new economy, New Urbanism, Peter Calthorpe, place-making, post-work, power law, Richard Florida, risk tolerance, Robert Gordon, Robert Shiller, Seaside, Florida, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, superstar cities, The Death and Life of Great American Cities, the strength of weak ties, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, Thomas L Friedman, Tyler Cowen, urban planning, World Values Survey, young professional

The connection between place and identity is all around us. Now that we have a handle on how place affects happiness in general, what is it about our places that we like and dislike? What are the big ticket, and small ticket, items that make us happy with communities—or not? 10 BEYOND MASLOW’S CITY IN 1943 PSYCHOLOGIST ABRAHAM MASLOW SET FORTH THE concept of a hierarchy of needs.1 Maslow’s theory, often illustrated in the shape of a pyramid, posits that humans require more than just food, water, air, and sex in order to be fulfilled. These rudimentary physiological needs constitute the base layer of the pyramid. Moving up the hierarchy we find the need for security, the need for love and belonging, the need for self-esteem, and finally the need for self-actualization.

…

Compare with income (.039), age (-.06), and education (-.09). 7 The overall correlation between income and community satisfaction is relatively weak (.15). 8 Veolia Observatory of Urban Lifestyles, Life in the City (Paris), http://www.observatoire.veolia.com/en, 2008. 9 Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience, HarperCollins, 1990; and Csikszentmihalyi, Finding Flow: The Psychology of Engagement with Everyday Life, Basic Books, 1997. 10 See Teresa Amabile et al., “Affect and Creativity at Work,” Administrative Science Quarterly 50, March 2005, pp. 367-403. Chapter 10 1 Abraham Maslow, “A Theory of Human Motivation,” Psychological Review, 50, 1943, pp. 370-396; Maslow Motivation and Personality, HarperCollins, 1987 (1st ed., 1954). For more, see www.maslow.com. 2 See Robert Manchin, “The Emotional Capital and Desirability of European Cities,” Gallup Europe, presented to European Week of Regions and Cities, Brussels, October 2007.

100 Plus: How the Coming Age of Longevity Will Change Everything, From Careers and Relationships to Family And by Sonia Arrison

23andMe, 8-hour work day, Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, Anne Wojcicki, artificial general intelligence, attribution theory, Bill Joy: nanobots, bioinformatics, caloric restriction, caloric restriction, Clayton Christensen, dark matter, disruptive innovation, East Village, en.wikipedia.org, epigenetics, Frank Gehry, Googley, income per capita, indoor plumbing, Jeff Bezos, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Kickstarter, Larry Ellison, Law of Accelerating Returns, life extension, Nick Bostrom, personalized medicine, Peter Thiel, placebo effect, post scarcity, precautionary principle, radical life extension, Ray Kurzweil, rolodex, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley billionaire, Simon Kuznets, Singularitarianism, smart grid, speech recognition, stem cell, Stephen Hawking, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, Steven Levy, sugar pill, synthetic biology, Thomas Malthus, upwardly mobile, World Values Survey, X Prize

It is the rich who can cherish the wilderness because they no longer have to choose between their own survival and nature’s.”34 Such an argument builds on the idea that every individual has certain needs, such as nourishment and clothing, that must be met before she or he can begin to care about the health of the trees or rivers. Psychologist Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is often used as a way to think more clearly about how this works. Figure 3.3 shows the Maslow pyramid outlining human needs, starting with the most basic. As individuals move up the various levels in the pyramid, their motivation to be active in better managing issues like air pollution and waste tends to rise.

…

Chapter 6 demonstrated that humans who live longer, healthier lives will also be wealthier. This wealth could allow those who are motivated to “discover the meaning of life” to actually take time to more carefully investigate because they won’t be struggling to feed themselves or put a roof over their heads. This scenario is in line with Abraham Maslow’s theory that more “actualized” people (basic needs are met) are more likely to have “peak” or mystical experiences.42 Even Norris and Inglehart note that, while traditional religious practices may erode in wealthier countries, the drive to find the meaning and purpose of life does not.43 To the extent that religions can maintain their image as the “goto” place to find the meaning of life and truth, they will likely have a strong future.

Good Profit: How Creating Value for Others Built One of the World's Most Successful Companies by Charles de Ganahl Koch

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, big-box store, book value, British Empire, business process, commoditize, creative destruction, disruptive innovation, do well by doing good, Garrett Hardin, global supply chain, hiring and firing, income per capita, Internet of things, invisible hand, Isaac Newton, Joseph Schumpeter, low interest rates, oil shale / tar sands, personalized medicine, principal–agent problem, proprietary trading, Ralph Waldo Emerson, risk tolerance, Salesforce, Solyndra, tacit knowledge, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, Tragedy of the Commons, transaction costs, transfer pricing

I discovered my own political orientation was much more nuanced than simply “conservative” or “liberal,” in the contemporary sense of those words. Plato, Aristotle, John Locke, Adam Smith, Will Durant, Karl Marx, Vladimir Lenin, John Maynard Keynes, and Karl Popper all made tremendous impressions on me—some good and some bad. Authors such as F. A. Harper, Friedrich Hayek, Abraham Maslow, Ludwig von Mises, Michael Polanyi, and Thomas Sowell were particularly helpful to my understanding of the principles that govern well-being in society. I vividly recall the first two life-changing books I came across: F. A. Harper’s Why Wages Rise and Ludwig von Mises’s Human Action. “Baldy” Harper, once a professor at Cornell University, showed that coercing businesses to pay employees more than the value of their production doesn’t lead to wealthier employees overall, as one might assume.

…

Communism has famously been summarized as a system that takes “from each according to his ability” and redistributes “to each according to his needs.” MBM says, in contrast, “From each according to his ability, to each according to his contribution.” MOTIVATING SELF-ACTUALIZED PEOPLE Psychologist Abraham Maslow taught, “All human beings prefer meaningful work to meaningless work.” “The problem for management,” though, is “how to set up social conditions in any organization so that the goals of the individuals match with the goals of the organization.” He continues: “This includes the need for meaningful work, for responsibility, for creativeness, for being fair and just, for doing what is worthwhile, and for preferring to do it well.”3 Maslow defines self-actualization as the highest level of satisfaction and happiness that an individual can achieve.

Selfie: How We Became So Self-Obsessed and What It's Doing to Us by Will Storr

Abraham Maslow, Adam Curtis, Alan Greenspan, Albert Einstein, autonomous vehicles, banking crisis, bitcoin, classic study, computer age, correlation does not imply causation, Donald Trump, Douglas Engelbart, Douglas Engelbart, Elon Musk, en.wikipedia.org, gamification, gig economy, greed is good, intentional community, invisible hand, job automation, John Markoff, Kevin Roose, Kickstarter, Lewis Mumford, longitudinal study, low interest rates, Lyft, Menlo Park, meta-analysis, military-industrial complex, Mont Pelerin Society, mortgage debt, Mother of all demos, Nixon shock, Peter Thiel, prosperity theology / prosperity gospel / gospel of success, QWERTY keyboard, Rainbow Mansion, rising living standards, road to serfdom, Robert Gordon, Ronald Reagan, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), Sheryl Sandberg, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, Steve Bannon, Steve Jobs, Steven Levy, Stewart Brand, synthetic biology, tech bro, tech worker, The Future of Employment, The Rise and Fall of American Growth, Tim Cook: Apple, Travis Kalanick, twin studies, Uber and Lyft, uber lyft, War on Poverty, We are as Gods, Whole Earth Catalog

To my pleasure and relief, I found myself free of the scratchy middle-aged voice in my head that’d usually be there, judging and cursing these joyous young people. I couldn’t help but smile. Maybe Esalen had worked. Maybe I’d actually changed. Then, as I pushed myself to my feet, without any warning at all, I heard myself mutter, ‘Fucking idiots.’ * In the months leading up to his death, in 1970, the humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow began worrying about his legacy. He’d been preparing to write a critique of Esalen ‘and its whole chain’. One of the issues he’d become concerned with was self-esteem. Maslow was famous, most of all, for his hugely influential ‘Hierarchy of Needs’, which said that people are motivated to fulfil certain psychological appetites.

…

The Institute’s co-founder, Michael Murphy, had grown troubled, both by his observations of a cultish, guru-worshipping aspect that was developing in some quarters and also by new commercialized forms of personal transformation workshops, such as EST, which took place over two weekends and combined Esalen-style Human Potential thinking with a sales seminar format more familiar in an earlier period of America’s history. EST was created in 1971 by Werner Erhard, an Esalen graduate and student of both Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, who had also been a fan of a Dale Carnegie course he’d attended. Erhard, writes Truett, ‘Americanized the human potential movement in a way that Esalen had never done or tried to do.’ It was an instant success: fifty thousand people took the workshop in its first four years and it ended up boasting celebrity attendees including John Denver, Cher and Peter Gabriel.

…

Other studies, by researchers at China’s Shenzhen University: ‘Social hierarchy modulates neural responses of empathy for pain’, Chunliang Feng et al., Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (March 2016), 11(3), pp. 485–95. psychologist Professor Jonathan Haidt calls us ‘10 per cent bee’: The Righteous Mind, Jonathan Haidt (Allen Lane, 2012), p. xv. In the months leading up to his death, in 1970, the humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow: La Jolla Program Newsletter, Self-Esteem Task Force Edition, vol. XX, no. 8, April 1988, pp. 1–2. ‘After several years in California, Carl got so tired’: Letter from W. K. Coulson to Robert Ball, Exec Director CA Task Force etc., 22 March 1988, Inventory of the Task Force to Promote Self-esteem and Personal and Social Responsibility Records, Sacramento, California.

The Future of the Professions: How Technology Will Transform the Work of Human Experts by Richard Susskind, Daniel Susskind

23andMe, 3D printing, Abraham Maslow, additive manufacturing, AI winter, Albert Einstein, Amazon Mechanical Turk, Amazon Robotics, Amazon Web Services, Andrew Keen, Atul Gawande, Automated Insights, autonomous vehicles, Big bang: deregulation of the City of London, big data - Walmart - Pop Tarts, Bill Joy: nanobots, Blue Ocean Strategy, business process, business process outsourcing, Cass Sunstein, Checklist Manifesto, Clapham omnibus, Clayton Christensen, clean water, cloud computing, commoditize, computer age, Computer Numeric Control, computer vision, Computing Machinery and Intelligence, conceptual framework, corporate governance, creative destruction, crowdsourcing, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, data science, death of newspapers, disintermediation, Douglas Hofstadter, driverless car, en.wikipedia.org, Erik Brynjolfsson, Evgeny Morozov, Filter Bubble, full employment, future of work, Garrett Hardin, Google Glasses, Google X / Alphabet X, Hacker Ethic, industrial robot, informal economy, information retrieval, interchangeable parts, Internet of things, Isaac Newton, James Hargreaves, John Maynard Keynes: Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren, John Maynard Keynes: technological unemployment, Joseph Schumpeter, Khan Academy, knowledge economy, Large Hadron Collider, lifelogging, lump of labour, machine translation, Marshall McLuhan, Metcalfe’s law, Narrative Science, natural language processing, Network effects, Nick Bostrom, optical character recognition, Paul Samuelson, personalized medicine, planned obsolescence, pre–internet, Ray Kurzweil, Richard Feynman, Second Machine Age, self-driving car, semantic web, Shoshana Zuboff, Skype, social web, speech recognition, spinning jenny, strong AI, supply-chain management, Susan Wojcicki, tacit knowledge, TED Talk, telepresence, The Future of Employment, the market place, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, The Wisdom of Crowds, Tragedy of the Commons, transaction costs, Turing test, Two Sigma, warehouse robotics, Watson beat the top human players on Jeopardy!, WikiLeaks, world market for maybe five computers, Yochai Benkler, young professional

Many of the problems that they tackle are in fact defined by the solutions that the professions themselves have developed. So when we say, for example, that a client has a tax or accounting problem or that a patient has a dental or surgical concern, these very characterizations of the concerns are framed in terms of the categorizations and capabilities of professional providers. As Abraham Maslow, a leading psychologist, has noted: ‘I suppose it is tempting, if the only tool you have is a hammer, to treat every problem as if it were a nail.’88 However, real-life problems do not always arise neatly labelled as the province of one professional or another. Everyday problems are messier than this—the life events that incline people to seek professional help might, ideally, call for the input of many experts, and not just one.

…

We find it hard to reconcile this view with the daily experience of professionals in action. They often work with informal, approximations of fields of knowledge. The purist may find these untenable (and they may be theoretically flawed), but they do seem to work in practice. For a stimulating related discussion, see David Bloor, Knowledge and Social Imagery (1991). 88 Abraham Maslow, The Psychology of Science (1966), 15. 89 Richard Feynman, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol. 1 (1964), ch. 3.7 <http://www. feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/I_toc.html> (accessed 27 March 2015). 90 Discussed in Alex Frame, Salmond: Southern Jurist (1995), 30. 2 From the Vanguard In this chapter we change pace.

…

Marshall, Thomas, ‘The Recent History of Professionalism in Relation to Social Structure and Social Policy’, Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, 5: 3 (1939), 325–40. Marx, Karl, Capital: Critique of Political Economy, vol. 1, Penguin Classics (London: Penguin, 1990). Maslow, Abraham, The Psychology of Science (Chapel Hill, NC: Maurice Bassett, 1966). Maslow, Abraham, Maslow on Management (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1988). Mayer-Schönberger, Viktor, and Kenneth Cukier, Big Data (London: John Murray, 2013). McAfee, Andrew, and Eric Brynjolfsson, ‘Big Data: The Management Revolution’, Harvard Business Review (Oct. 2012), 1–9. McChesney, Robert, and John Nichols, The Death and Life of American Journalism (Philadelphia: Nation Books, 2010).

Life Inc.: How the World Became a Corporation and How to Take It Back by Douglas Rushkoff

Abraham Maslow, Adam Curtis, addicted to oil, affirmative action, Alan Greenspan, Amazon Mechanical Turk, An Inconvenient Truth, anti-globalists, AOL-Time Warner, banks create money, Bear Stearns, benefit corporation, big-box store, Bretton Woods, car-free, Charles Lindbergh, colonial exploitation, Community Supported Agriculture, complexity theory, computer age, congestion pricing, corporate governance, credit crunch, currency manipulation / currency intervention, David Ricardo: comparative advantage, death of newspapers, digital divide, don't be evil, Donald Trump, double entry bookkeeping, easy for humans, difficult for computers, financial innovation, Firefox, full employment, General Motors Futurama, gentrification, Glass-Steagall Act, global village, Google Earth, greed is good, Herbert Marcuse, Howard Rheingold, income per capita, invention of the printing press, invisible hand, Jane Jacobs, John Nash: game theory, joint-stock company, Kevin Kelly, Kickstarter, laissez-faire capitalism, loss aversion, market bubble, market design, Marshall McLuhan, Milgram experiment, military-industrial complex, moral hazard, multilevel marketing, mutually assured destruction, Naomi Klein, negative equity, new economy, New Urbanism, Norbert Wiener, peak oil, peer-to-peer, place-making, placebo effect, planned obsolescence, Ponzi scheme, price mechanism, price stability, principal–agent problem, private military company, profit maximization, profit motive, prosperity theology / prosperity gospel / gospel of success, public intellectual, race to the bottom, RAND corporation, rent-seeking, RFID, road to serfdom, Ronald Reagan, scientific management, short selling, Silicon Valley, Simon Kuznets, social software, Steve Jobs, Telecommunications Act of 1996, telemarketer, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, Thomas L Friedman, too big to fail, trade route, trickle-down economics, union organizing, urban decay, urban planning, urban renewal, Vannevar Bush, vertical integration, Victor Gruen, white flight, working poor, Works Progress Administration, Y2K, young professional, zero-sum game

Fritz Perls taught people how to kick and scream while George Leonard conducted “encounter sessions” between black and white radicals, and another with nuns from the Immaculate Heart Convent in Los Angeles—a majority of whom discovered their sexuality and quit the order immediately afterward. Underlying all of this therapy and liberation was a single premise: Esalen hero Abraham Maslow’s “hierarchy of needs.” The Brooklyn-born psychologist’s map for the individual’s journey to more liberated states of being held that people needed to fulfill their lower needs for food, shelter, and sex before they could work on higher ones such as self-esteem and confidence. At the very top of Maslow’s pyramidal chart sits the ultimate human state: “self-actualization.”

…

They simply wanted products that expressed their individuality, their self-direction, their self-actualization. Luckily for American industry, mass production had developed to the point where Detroit could turn out a brand of car for every member of the family, in any number of psychedelics-influenced colors. The Stanford Research Institute hired Abraham Maslow to turn his hierarchy of needs into psychographic categories of American consumers, applicable to marketing. It’s not that the self-help movement sold out. It was sold out to begin with. First imported from the East by mind-cure fans like L. Frank Baum to help rationalize the marketing of illusion as an ethical pursuit, the “religion of no-religion” was nothing more than a change in perspective.

…

Maslow, Toward a Psychology of Being, 3rd ed. (New York: Wiley, 1998). 139 For Maslow and his followers Abraham H. Maslow, “A Theory of Human Motivation,” Psychological Review, 50 (1943), 370-439. 140 The Stanford Research Institute hired Edward Hoffman, The Right to Be Human: A Biography of Abraham Maslow (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999), and Abraham H. Maslow and Deborah C. Stephens, The Maslow Business Reader (New York: Wiley, 2000). 142 Dollar may be the epitome Carol Costello, “Don’t Miss Televangelist Refuses to Turn Over More Financial Documents,” CNN.com, December 7, 2007, http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/12/07/ prosperity.preachers/index.html (accessed February 16, 2008), and Michael Luo, “Preaching a Gospel of Wealth in a Glittery Market, New York,” The New York Times, January 15, 2006, http://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/15/ nyregion/15prosperity.html (accessed February 16, 2008). 142 Megastar and multimillionaire televangelist Mara Einstein, Brands of Faith: Marketing Religion in a Commercial Age (New York: Routledge, 2008), 123. 142 “The desire for increase” Jack Canfield, “Keynote Speech,” The Learning Annex Wealth Expo (Jacob Javits Center, New York, N.Y., November 18, 2007). 142 “It’s time for me” Tom Peters, “The Brand Called You,” Fast Company, Issue 10, August 1997. 143 Hey, that kid sounds cool Joseph Berger, “Blurring the Line Between a College Application and a Slick Sales Pitch,” The New York Times, November 28, 2007, U.S. section.

Flow by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, Bonfire of the Vanities, centralized clearinghouse, Charles Lindbergh, conceptual framework, correlation does not imply causation, double helix, fear of failure, Gregor Mendel, Herbert Marcuse, Ignaz Semmelweis: hand washing, invisible hand, Isaac Newton, job satisfaction, longitudinal study, Mahatma Gandhi, meta-analysis, Necker cube, pattern recognition, place-making, Ralph Waldo Emerson, the scientific method, Thomas Kuhn: the structure of scientific revolutions, Vilfredo Pareto

Modern psychology, however, has shown that much of what people do can be explained more parsimoniously by simpler, often unconscious, causes. As a result, the importance of goals in directing behavior has been greatly discredited. Some exceptions include Alfred Adler (1956), who believed that people develop goal hierarchies that inform their decisions throughout life; and the American psychologists Gordon Allport (1955) and Abraham Maslow (1968), who believed that after more basic needs are satisfied, goals may begin to be effective in directing actions. Goals have also regained some credibility in cognitive psychology, where researchers such as Miller, Galanter, & Pribram (1960), Mandler (1975), Neisser (1976), and Emde (1980) have used the concept to explain decision-making sequences and the regulation of behavior.

…

In this context we are following these illustrious exemplars not because of a sense of tradition, but because it makes good sense psychologically. Hierarchy of needs. The best-known formulation of the relationship between “lower order” needs such as survival and safety and “higher” goals like self-actualization is the one by Abraham Maslow (1968, 1971). Escalating expectations. According to many authors, chronic dissatisfaction with the status quo is a feature of modernity. The quintessential modern man, Goethe’s Faust, was given power by the Devil on condition that he never be satisfied with what he has. A good recent treatment of this theme can be found in Berman (1982).

…

Most of the interviews mentioned here were collected in the course of studies reported in Csikszentmihalyi (1975) and Csikszentmihalyi & Csikszentmihalyi (1988). Over 600 additional interviews were collected by Professor Fausto Massimini and his collaborators in Europe, Asia, and the southwestern United States. Ecstasy. Extensive case studies of ecstatic religious experiences were collected by Marghanita Laski (1962). Abraham Maslow (1971), who coined the term “peak experience” to describe such events, played a very important role in helping give legitimacy to the consideration of such phenomena by psychologists. It is fair to say, however, that Laski and Maslow looked at ecstasy as a fortuitous epiphany that happened more or less by itself, rather than a natural process which could be controlled and cultivated.

AI 2041 by Kai-Fu Lee, Chen Qiufan

3D printing, Abraham Maslow, active measures, airport security, Albert Einstein, AlphaGo, Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic, artificial general intelligence, augmented reality, autonomous vehicles, basic income, bitcoin, blockchain, blue-collar work, Cambridge Analytica, carbon footprint, Charles Babbage, computer vision, contact tracing, coronavirus, corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, COVID-19, CRISPR, cryptocurrency, DALL-E, data science, deep learning, deepfake, DeepMind, delayed gratification, dematerialisation, digital map, digital rights, digital twin, Elon Musk, fake news, fault tolerance, future of work, Future Shock, game design, general purpose technology, global pandemic, Google Glasses, Google X / Alphabet X, GPT-3, happiness index / gross national happiness, hedonic treadmill, hiring and firing, Hyperloop, information security, Internet of things, iterative process, job automation, language acquisition, low earth orbit, Lyft, Maslow's hierarchy, mass immigration, mirror neurons, money: store of value / unit of account / medium of exchange, mutually assured destruction, natural language processing, Neil Armstrong, Nelson Mandela, OpenAI, optical character recognition, pattern recognition, plutocrats, post scarcity, profit motive, QR code, quantitative easing, Richard Feynman, ride hailing / ride sharing, robotic process automation, Satoshi Nakamoto, self-driving car, seminal paper, Silicon Valley, smart cities, smart contracts, smart transportation, Snapchat, social distancing, speech recognition, Stephen Hawking, synthetic biology, telemarketer, Tesla Model S, The future is already here, trolley problem, Turing test, uber lyft, universal basic income, warehouse automation, warehouse robotics, zero-sum game

The ambiguous outcome in this story suggests that AI’s efforts to improve our happiness will still be a work in progress by 2041, with progress and early prototypes, but making no prediction about when, how, or even whether it will be solved. Why is this problem so tough? I can think of four reasons. First is the problem of definition. What is happiness exactly? There are countless theories of happiness, from Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to Martin Seligman’s positive psychology. Defining happiness will be even more complex by 2041, when society will have progressed, through AI technology, to a point where living standards for most if not all people are comfortable. Once people’s basic needs are satisfied, what constitutes happiness?

…

How would such an interest-aligned entity be found or created? Now you can see why happiness-inducing AI is extremely hard! Let’s dig into the four problems and possible solutions. WHAT IS HAPPINESS IN THE ERA OF AI? Setting aside AI for the moment, let’s ask the most basic question: What does happiness mean anyway? In 1943, Abraham Maslow published his seminal paper “A Theory of Human Motivation,” which described what is now known as “Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.” This theory is usually illustrated as a pyramid, shown below. This pyramid describes human needs from the most basic to the most advanced level. Each lower-level need must be fulfilled in order to move toward a higher-level need.

…

In a world transitioning into plenitude, we cannot simply assume everyone falls into the “useless class,” nor that everyone will strive for self-actualization. As economic models move beyond scarcity and money, they should be reinvented to try to elevate human needs, encompassing love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. Abraham Maslow has said: “One’s only failure is failing to live up to one’s own possibilities.” It is hoped that our future economic model will be both inclusive and aspirational, helping to elevate as many people as possible up the Maslow hierarchy. CHALLENGES FOR PLENITUDE I have painted a grand road map to plenitude.

Race Against the Machine: How the Digital Revolution Is Accelerating Innovation, Driving Productivity, and Irreversibly Transforming Employment and the Economy by Erik Brynjolfsson

Abraham Maslow, Amazon Mechanical Turk, Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic, autonomous vehicles, business cycle, business process, call centre, combinatorial explosion, corporate governance, creative destruction, crowdsourcing, David Ricardo: comparative advantage, driverless car, easy for humans, difficult for computers, Erik Brynjolfsson, factory automation, first square of the chessboard, first square of the chessboard / second half of the chessboard, Frank Levy and Richard Murnane: The New Division of Labor, general purpose technology, hiring and firing, income inequality, intangible asset, job automation, John Markoff, John Maynard Keynes: technological unemployment, Joseph Schumpeter, Khan Academy, Kickstarter, knowledge worker, Loebner Prize, low skilled workers, machine translation, minimum wage unemployment, patent troll, pattern recognition, Paul Samuelson, Ray Kurzweil, rising living standards, Robert Gordon, Robert Solow, self-driving car, shareholder value, Skype, the long tail, too big to fail, Turing test, Tyler Cowen, Tyler Cowen: Great Stagnation, Watson beat the top human players on Jeopardy!, wealth creators, winner-take-all economy, zero-sum game

For instance, Wikipedia thrives on a model that is largely separate from the financial economy, but it nonetheless provides rewards and value. Judging by the revealed preferences of participants, Wikipedia provides sufficient non-monetary rewards to attract millions of contributors with diverse talents and expertise who create tremendous value. When thinking about the evolving economy, we need to remember that Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needsaham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs extends beyond material things. 8 52! is shorthand for 52 x 51 x 50 x … x 2 x 1, which multiplies to over 8.06 x 1067. That is about the number of atoms in our galaxy. Chapter 5. Conclusion: The Digital Frontier Technology is a gift of God.

What's Mine Is Yours: How Collaborative Consumption Is Changing the Way We Live by Rachel Botsman, Roo Rogers

"World Economic Forum" Davos, Abraham Maslow, Airbnb, Apollo 13, barriers to entry, behavioural economics, Bernie Madoff, bike sharing, Buckminster Fuller, business logic, buy and hold, carbon footprint, Cass Sunstein, collaborative consumption, collaborative economy, commoditize, Community Supported Agriculture, credit crunch, crowdsourcing, dematerialisation, disintermediation, en.wikipedia.org, experimental economics, Ford Model T, Garrett Hardin, George Akerlof, global village, hedonic treadmill, Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall, information retrieval, intentional community, iterative process, Kevin Kelly, Kickstarter, late fees, Mark Zuckerberg, market design, Menlo Park, Network effects, new economy, new new economy, out of africa, Paradox of Choice, Parkinson's law, peer-to-peer, peer-to-peer lending, peer-to-peer rental, planned obsolescence, Ponzi scheme, pre–internet, public intellectual, recommendation engine, RFID, Richard Stallman, ride hailing / ride sharing, Robert Shiller, Ronald Coase, Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence, SETI@home, Simon Kuznets, Skype, slashdot, smart grid, South of Market, San Francisco, Stewart Brand, systems thinking, TED Talk, the long tail, The Nature of the Firm, The Spirit Level, the strength of weak ties, The Theory of the Leisure Class by Thorstein Veblen, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, The Wisdom of Crowds, Thorstein Veblen, Torches of Freedom, Tragedy of the Commons, transaction costs, traveling salesman, ultimatum game, Victor Gruen, web of trust, women in the workforce, work culture , Yochai Benkler, Zipcar

Designers won’t leave their mark by engraving autographs on products in a Karim Rashid kind of way. Rather, they will find themselves participating in a living, breathing process long after their initial creation, whatever that might be, is complete. Chapter Nine Community Is the Brand In 1943, Abraham Maslow, an American psychologist, published A Theory of Human Motivation. In this groundbreaking paper he mapped out a hierarchy of needs, a pyramid with the basic physiological needs—such as food, warmth, and water—and safety needs at the bottom, and esteem, belonging, and self-actualization at the top.1 More than sixty years later, it remains the strongest model for understanding what is meaningful to consumers and explaining what they do and why.

…

Terms for this section come from Manzini’s work on Collaborative Services; quotes come from interview with him on December 7, 2009. 10. Oksana Mont, “Innovative Approaches to Optimising Design and Use of Durable Consumer Goods,” International Journal of Product Development (2008): 228. 11. Thackara, In the Bubble: Designing for a Complex World, 100. 1. Abraham Maslow, “A Theory of Human Motivation,” originally published in Psychological Review 50 (1943): 370–396. 2. Louise Story, “The New Advertising Outlet: Your Life,” New York Times (October 14, 2007), www.nytimes.com/2007/10/14/business/media/14ad.html?_r=1. 3. Mark McClusky, “The Nike Experiment: How the Shoe Giant Unleashed the Power of Personal Metrics,” Wired (June 22, 2009), www.wired.com/medtech/health/magazine/17-07/lbnp_nike. 4.

Being Mortal: Medicine and What Matters in the End by Atul Gawande

Abraham Maslow, Atul Gawande, Checklist Manifesto, clean water, delayed gratification, different worldview, longitudinal study, off-the-grid, peak-end rule, Skype, stem cell, the long tail

And the cost for those on government support was 20 percent lower than it would have been in a nursing home. The program proved an unmitigated success. * * * AT THE CENTER of Wilson’s work was an attempt to solve a deceptively simple puzzle: what makes life worth living when we are old and frail and unable to care for ourselves? In 1943, the psychologist Abraham Maslow published his hugely influential paper “A Theory of Human Motivation,” which famously described people as having a hierarchy of needs. It is often depicted as a pyramid. At the bottom are our basic needs—the essentials of physiological survival (such as food, water, and air) and of safety (such as law, order, and stability).

…

Ladd, and M. Saslow, “Community Based Care in an Institution: New Approaches and Definitions of Long Term Care” paper presented at the 41st Annual Scientific Meeting of the Gerontological Society of America, San Francisco, Nov. 1988. Cited in Wilson, “Historical Evolution.” In 1943, the psychologist Abraham Maslow: A. H. Maslow, “A Theory of Human Motivation,” Psychological Review 50 (1943): 370–96. Studies find that as people grow older: D. Field and M. Minkler, “Continuity and Change in Social Support between Young-Old, Old-Old, and Very-Old adults,” Journal of Gerontology 43 (1988): 100–6; K. Fingerman and M.

Designing for Emotion by Aarron Walter

Abraham Maslow, big-box store, cotton gin, en.wikipedia.org, game design, John Gruber, Kickstarter, Skype, software as a service, Steve Jobs, Superbowl ad, Wall-E, web application

Keep in mind that ignoring human needs is not a history we are doomed to repeat. Through our designs, we can see and connect with other human beings. So where do we start? Well, like any good user experience designer, we begin by understanding the needs of the people we’re designing for. Hello, Maslow In the 1950s and 60s, the American psychologist Abraham Maslow discovered something that we all knew but had yet to put into words: no matter our age, gender, race, or station in life, we all have basic needs that must be met. Maslow illustrated his ideas in a pyramid he called the Hierarchy of Needs (fig 1.2). FIG 1.2: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Maslow stressed that the physiological needs at the base of this hierarchy must be met first.

The Rise of Superman: Decoding the Science of Ultimate Human Performance by Steven Kotler

Abraham Maslow, adjacent possible, Albert Einstein, Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic, Clayton Christensen, data acquisition, delayed gratification, deliberate practice, do what you love, escalation ladder, fear of failure, Google Earth, haute couture, impulse control, Isaac Newton, Jeff Bezos, Jeff Hawkins, jimmy wales, Kevin Kelly, Lao Tzu, lateral thinking, life extension, lifelogging, low earth orbit, Maui Hawaii, pattern recognition, Ray Kurzweil, risk tolerance, rolodex, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), Sheryl Sandberg, Silicon Valley, SimCity, SpaceShipOne, Stanford marshmallow experiment, Steve Jobs, TED Talk, time dilation, Virgin Galactic, Walter Mischel, X Prize

After Freud’s unconscious had been dethroned by Skinner’s behaviorism, psychologists began having a hard time explaining why people did the things they did. The behaviorists said it all came down to need and reward. We do X to get Y. This is known as “extrinsic motivation,” but the conclusion never sat right with Abraham Maslow. One of the greatest psychological thinkers of the past century, Maslow began his career in the 1940s on staff at Brooklyn College, where he was mentored by anthropologist Ruth Benedict and Gestalt psychologist Max Wertheimer. Back then, most of psychology was focused on fixing pathological problems rather than celebrating psychological possibilities, but Maslow thought Benedict and Wertheimer such “wonderful human beings” that he began studying their behavior, trying to figure out what it was they were doing right.

…

“I’ve been shooting action sports for twenty years”: Mike Blabac, AI, June 2012. 17 Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi: Csikszentmihalyi’s history can be found in a number of places. See his TED talk at http://www.ted.com/talks/mihaly_csikszentmihalyi_on_flow.html, or “Interview: Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi,” Omni, 17(4), p. 73. Also see “The man who found the flow,” Shambhala Sun, September 1998. 19 “During a peak experience”: Abraham Maslow, Motivation and Personality (Harper & Row, 1970), p. 164. The birth of his happiness study…: Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience (HarperPerennial, 1991). 20 “It was clear from talking to them…”: Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Creativity: Flow and the Psychology of Discovery and Invention (HarperPerennial, 1996), p. 110.

The Vanishing Neighbor: The Transformation of American Community by Marc J. Dunkelman

Abraham Maslow, adjacent possible, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, Albert Einstein, assortative mating, Berlin Wall, big-box store, blue-collar work, Bretton Woods, Broken windows theory, business cycle, call centre, clean water, company town, cuban missile crisis, dark matter, David Brooks, delayed gratification, different worldview, double helix, Downton Abbey, Dunbar number, Edward Jenner, Fall of the Berlin Wall, Filter Bubble, Francis Fukuyama: the end of history, gentrification, George Santayana, Gini coefficient, glass ceiling, global supply chain, global village, helicopter parent, if you build it, they will come, impulse control, income inequality, invention of movable type, Jane Jacobs, Khyber Pass, Lewis Mumford, Louis Pasteur, Marshall McLuhan, McMansion, Nate Silver, obamacare, Occupy movement, off-the-grid, Peter Thiel, post-industrial society, Richard Florida, rolodex, Saturday Night Live, Silicon Valley, Skype, social intelligence, Stanford marshmallow experiment, Steve Jobs, TED Talk, telemarketer, The Chicago School, The Death and Life of Great American Cities, the medium is the message, the strength of weak ties, Tyler Cowen, Tyler Cowen: Great Stagnation, urban decay, urban planning, Walter Mischel, War on Poverty, women in the workforce, World Values Survey, zero-sum game

That’s not a tangential issue, and few Americans are saving as they should.30 But as things go, that’s a high-class concern—and certainly a good shot better than what kept adults up in the decade that followed the Great Depression and Second World War. Around 1940, a young professor at Brooklyn College worked up the gumption to act on a growing frustration. The field of psychology, Abraham Maslow believed, had become too focused on addressing mental disorders. At a moment when most American adults had suffered the ravages of the 1930s and 1940s, he thought more mind ought to be paid to other end of the psychological spectrum. How, he wanted to know, did healthy Americans reach their fullest potential?

…

Today we are left to consider where things stand yet another thirty years on. As we try to piece together how motive and opportunity have contributed to the transformation of American community, the final question we need to answer involves what exactly we each want. In the last chapter, we saw Americans take a big leap up Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: because we’re less focused on fulfilling our more basic demands, we’ve attained the freedom to focus on higher-level concerns. But that raises the issue of what the giant leap has meant for the battle between conformity and authenticity. Have we become more disposed to seek the approval of others, as seemed be the case in the 1950s?

Future Tense: Jews, Judaism, and Israel in the Twenty-First Century by Jonathan Sacks

Abraham Maslow, Alan Greenspan, Atahualpa, back-to-the-land, cognitive dissonance, invisible hand, Joseph Schumpeter, long peace, Socratic dialogue, Thorstein Veblen, trade route, zero-sum game

‘In short,’ he concluded, ‘we find in them only an ignorant and barbarous people who have long united the most sordid avarice with the most detestable superstition.’1 Within two centuries after those words were written, Jews had given rise to a stream of geniuses who transformed the very foundations of Western thought: in physics Einstein, in sociology Durkheim, in anthropology Lévi-Strauss, in politics Karl Marx, in philosophy Bergson and Wittgenstein, in the philosophy of science Karl Popper and T. S. Kuhn, in music Mahler and Schoenberg, in literature Proust and Kafka, Bellow and Canetti, in law Brandeis and Cardozo, in art Bernard Berenson and Ernst Gombrich. They dominated the field of psychiatry, with figures such as Freud, Adler, Melanie Klein, Erich Fromm, Abraham Maslow, Erik Erikson and Viktor Frankl. Jews were among the iconic thinkers of postmodernism, among them Walter Benjamin, Theodor Adorno and Jacques Derrida. They spanned the spectrum from Irving Berlin to Isaiah Berlin. Numbering one-fifth of one per cent of the population of the world, Jews have produced 39 per cent of Nobel Prize winners in economics, 26 per cent in physics, 28 per cent in medicine, 12 per cent in literature, nine winners of the Nobel Peace Prize, 47 per cent of world chess champions, 42 per cent of authors of the fifty most cited twentieth-century books, and 30 per cent of the twentieth century’s hundred leading thinkers.

…

I think in this context of Michael Walzer, Michael Sandel and the late Daniel Elazar, who advanced Jewish understandings of political theory; of the work of Leon Kass in bioethics, and Robert Winston’s in the treatment of infertility. I think of Howard Gardner’s insights into multiple intelligence, and Abraham Maslow’s into the structures of human motivation. Isaiah Berlin taught us much about the nature of freedom: at his funeral I spoke of how his life’s work was, intentionally or otherwise, an extended commentary on the book of Exodus. When I asked Jeffrey Sachs, perhaps the world’s leading developmental economist, why he did what he did, he answered without hesitation: tikkun olam (repairing a fractured world).

Power, for All: How It Really Works and Why It's Everyone's Business by Julie Battilana, Tiziana Casciaro

"Friedman doctrine" OR "shareholder theory", "World Economic Forum" Davos, Abraham Maslow, affirmative action, agricultural Revolution, Albert Einstein, algorithmic bias, Andy Rubin, Asperger Syndrome, benefit corporation, Big Tech, BIPOC, Black Lives Matter, blood diamond, Boris Johnson, British Empire, call centre, Cass Sunstein, classic study, clean water, cognitive dissonance, collective bargaining, conceptual framework, coronavirus, COVID-19, CRISPR, deep learning, different worldview, digital rights, disinformation, Elon Musk, Erik Brynjolfsson, fake news, feminist movement, fundamental attribution error, future of work, George Floyd, gig economy, Greta Thunberg, hiring and firing, impact investing, income inequality, informal economy, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), invention of movable type, Jeff Bezos, job satisfaction, Joshua Gans and Andrew Leigh, Mahatma Gandhi, means of production, mega-rich, meritocracy, meta-analysis, Milgram experiment, moral hazard, Naomi Klein, Nelson Mandela, Occupy movement, Panopticon Jeremy Bentham, principal–agent problem, profit maximization, Ralph Waldo Emerson, ride hailing / ride sharing, Salesforce, School Strike for Climate, Second Machine Age, shareholder value, sharing economy, Sheryl Sandberg, Shoshana Zuboff, Silicon Valley, social distancing, Social Justice Warrior, Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits, Steven Pinker, surveillance capitalism, tacit knowledge, tech worker, the scientific method, The Wisdom of Crowds, TikTok, Tim Cook: Apple, transatlantic slave trade, union organizing, zero-sum game

See Andrew Reece et al., “Mattering Is an Indicator of Organizational Health and Employee Success,” The Journal of Positive Psychology 16, no. 2 (2019): 1–21. 15 This view of self-esteem as a person’s superordinate goal finds its roots in Abraham Maslow’s famed hierarchy of needs, though Maslow’s original hierarchy conceives of esteem as subordinate to self-actualization (Abraham Maslow, “A Theory of Human Motivation,” Psychological Review 50, no. 4 [1943]: 370–96). Later psychologists would relate self-actualization needs to a person’s intrinsic esteem, as opposed to the extrinsic esteem someone derives from others.

The End of Nice: How to Be Human in a World Run by Robots (Kindle Single) by Richard Newton

3D printing, Abraham Maslow, adjacent possible, Black Swan, British Empire, Buckminster Fuller, Clayton Christensen, crowdsourcing, deliberate practice, digital divide, disruptive innovation, fail fast, fear of failure, Filter Bubble, future of work, Google Glasses, growth hacking, Isaac Newton, James Dyson, Jaron Lanier, Jeff Bezos, job automation, lateral thinking, Lean Startup, lolcat, low skilled workers, Mark Zuckerberg, move fast and break things, Paul Erdős, Paul Graham, reality distortion field, recommendation engine, rising living standards, Robert Shiller, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, skunkworks, social intelligence, Steve Ballmer, Steve Jobs, Tyler Cowen, Y Combinator

It’s what comes from wanting to make a difference, to make a connection, to innovate and add value by bringing the best of yourself to bear upon the world. It’s not restricted to schools of art, posh music or thick-rimmed black glasses. “A first-rate soup is more creative than a second-rate painting,” Abraham Maslow once said, as he made the point that it is not any specific discipline that determines creativity but how you apply yourself to the task. The quality upon which business success will be built in the internet age, according to Google former Chief Executive, Eric Schmidt, is “creative flair”. The people that the world will rely on and around which organisations should be built, he said, are impatient, outspoken risk-takers who are easily bored and change jobs frequently.

The Limits to Growth: The 30-Year Update by Donella H. Meadows, Jørgen Randers, Dennis L. Meadows

Abraham Maslow, agricultural Revolution, Buckminster Fuller, clean water, Climatic Research Unit, conceptual framework, dematerialisation, demographic transition, digital divide, financial independence, game design, Garrett Hardin, geopolitical risk, Herman Kahn, income per capita, informal economy, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Lewis Mumford, longitudinal study, means of production, new economy, purchasing power parity, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Ronald Reagan, systems thinking, Tragedy of the Commons, University of East Anglia, urban sprawl, Whole Earth Review

Individualism and shortsightedness are the greatest problems of the current social system, we think, and the deepest cause of unsustainability. Love and compassion institutionalized in collective solutions is the better alternative. A culture that does not believe in, discuss, and develop these better human qualities suffers from a tragic limitation in its options. "How good a society does human nature permit?" asked psychologist Abraham Maslow. "How good a human nature does society permit?"6 The sustainability revolution will have to be, above all, a collective transformation that permits the best of human nature, rather than the worst, to be expressed and nurtured. Many people have recognized that necessity and that opportunity. For example, John Maynard Keynes wrote in 1932: The problem of want and poverty and the economic struggle between classes and nations is nothing but a frightful muddle, a transitory and unnecessary muddle.

…

Examples of networks known to the authors and in their field of interest are the Balaton Group (www.unh.edu/ipssr/Balaton.html), Northeast Organic Farming Association (NOFA), Center for a New American Dream (CNAD; wwwnewdream.org), Greenlist (www.peacestore.us/Public/Greenlist), Greenclips (wwwgreenclips.com), Northern Forest Alliance (wwwnorthernforestalliance.org), Land Trust Alliance (wwwlta.org), International Simulation and Gaming Association (ISAGA; wwwisaga.info), and Leadership for Environment and Development (LEAD). 4. Such an intermediate step is illustrated by ICLEI, an international association of (currently 450) local governments implementing sustainable development. See www.iclei.org. 5. R. Buckminster Fuller, Critical Path (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1981). 6. Abraham Maslow, The Farthest Reaches of Human Nature (New York: Viking Press, 1971). 7. J. M. Keynes, foreword to Essays in Persuasion (New York: Harcourt Brace, 1932). 8. Aurelio Peccei, One Hundred Pages for the Future (New York: Pergamon Press, 1981), 184-185. Appendix 1. Changes from World3 to World3-03 1.

Reset: How to Restart Your Life and Get F.U. Money: The Unconventional Early Retirement Plan for Midlife Careerists Who Want to Be Happy by David Sawyer

"World Economic Forum" Davos, Abraham Maslow, Airbnb, Albert Einstein, asset allocation, beat the dealer, bitcoin, Black Monday: stock market crash in 1987, Cal Newport, cloud computing, cognitive dissonance, content marketing, crowdsourcing, cryptocurrency, currency risk, David Attenborough, David Heinemeier Hansson, Desert Island Discs, diversification, diversified portfolio, Edward Thorp, Elon Musk, fake it until you make it, fake news, financial independence, follow your passion, gig economy, Great Leap Forward, hiring and firing, imposter syndrome, index card, index fund, invention of the wheel, John Bogle, knowledge worker, loadsamoney, low skilled workers, Mahatma Gandhi, Mark Zuckerberg, meta-analysis, mortgage debt, Mr. Money Mustache, passive income, passive investing, Paul Samuelson, pension reform, risk tolerance, Robert Shiller, Ronald Reagan, Silicon Valley, Skype, smart meter, Snapchat, stakhanovite, Steve Jobs, sunk-cost fallacy, TED Talk, The 4% rule, Tim Cook: Apple, Vanguard fund, William Bengen, work culture , Y Combinator

The world we live in In 1957, a decade before Bren was born in Leeds General Infirmary, the then British prime minister, Harold MacMillan, told us: “Most of our people have never had it so good[23].” Life has got a whole lot better since. There’s less famine and poverty, fewer deaths from war and greater democracy[24]. Psychologist Abraham Maslow was on to this in 1943 when he published his hierarchy of needs theory[25], outlining what motivates human behaviour. For midlife professionals living in the 21st century, the basic physiological, safety and social belonging needs are all met. Which, according to Maslow and his famous pyramid, just leaves esteem, self-actualisation (and, at its apex, self-transcendence) to work on.

…

[22] top 0.17% of income earners in the world: “Global Rich List | UK.” toreset.me/22. [23] “[We] never had it so good”: “BBC ON THIS DAY | 20 | 1957: Britons ‘have never had it... – BBC News.” toreset.me/23. [24] greater democracy and life expectancy: “9 ways the world got a lot better in 2017 – Vox.” 7 Jan. 2018, toreset.me/24. [25] hierarchy of needs theory: “Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs – Wikipedia.” toreset.me/25. [26] 0.004% of Earth’s history: “History of life on Earth – BBC.” toreset.me/26. [27] 4000 and 2000BC: “The First Cities and States (4000 – 2000BC), A History of the... – BBC.” 19 Mar. 2010, toreset.me/27. [28] “The very notion…only began with the Industrial Revolution: “Your Money or Your Life – Amazon UK.” toreset.me/28, p. 198

The Meritocracy Myth by Stephen J. McNamee

Abraham Maslow, affirmative action, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, American ideology, antiwork, Bernie Madoff, British Empire, business cycle, classic study, collective bargaining, computer age, conceptual framework, corporate governance, deindustrialization, delayed gratification, demographic transition, desegregation, deskilling, Dr. Strangelove, equal pay for equal work, estate planning, failed state, fixed income, food desert, Gary Kildall, gender pay gap, Gini coefficient, glass ceiling, helicopter parent, income inequality, informal economy, invisible hand, job automation, joint-stock company, junk bonds, labor-force participation, longitudinal study, low-wage service sector, marginal employment, Mark Zuckerberg, meritocracy, Michael Milken, mortgage debt, mortgage tax deduction, new economy, New Urbanism, obamacare, occupational segregation, old-boy network, pink-collar, plutocrats, Ponzi scheme, post-industrial society, prediction markets, profit motive, race to the bottom, random walk, Savings and loan crisis, school choice, Scientific racism, Steve Jobs, The Bell Curve by Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray, The Spirit Level, the strength of weak ties, The Theory of the Leisure Class by Thorstein Veblen, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, too big to fail, trickle-down economics, upwardly mobile, We are the 99%, white flight, young professional

Similarly, the poor may have modest ambitions not because they are unmotivated but because they make a realistic assessment of limited life chances. In this formulation, exhibited behaviors and perceptions associated with a “culture of poverty” reflect the effects of poverty, not the causes. The idea of a situational view of poverty is consistent with the psychologist Abraham Maslow’s well-known “hierarchy-of-needs” theory. According to Maslow (1970), humans have a hierarchical order of needs that begins at the fundamental levels of food, clothing, and shelter and advances to “higher-order” needs for independence and “self-actualization.” Maslow points out that one cannot attend to higher-order needs if the lower-order needs are not satisfied.

…

This would reduce the expenses of lower-income groups in particular who would otherwise have to expend limited resources to gain market access to such services and would detract time and resources that could be directed toward investment in their own human-capital potential. This principle is illustrated by Abraham Maslow’s well-known “hierarchy-of-needs” concept. According to Maslow, individuals have a hierarchy of needs that begins with basic subsistence such as food, clothing, and shelter. Maslow further notes that individuals cannot attend to higher-order needs, much less “self-actualization,” the highest-order need, until the more basic needs are met.

The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: Powerful Lessons in Personal Change by Stephen R. Covey

Abraham Maslow, agricultural Revolution, Albert Einstein, Alvin Toffler, Apollo 11, Berlin Wall, British Empire, Fall of the Berlin Wall, financial independence, knowledge worker, the map is not the territory, Thomas Kuhn: the structure of scientific revolutions, zero-sum game

On a final personal note, I want to repeat a question I constantly pose in my teaching: How many on their deathbeds wished they'd spent more time at the office-or watching TV? The answer is, No one. They think about their loved ones, their families, and those they have served. Even the great psychologist Abraham Maslow at the end of his life, put the happiness and fulfillment and contributions of his posterity ahead of his self-actualization (the top need of his famous "need hierarchy"). He called it self-transcendence. This is so true with me. By far the greatest and most satisfying impact of the principles embodied in The 7 Habits comes out of the lives of my children and grandchildren.

…

Of course, the ideal would be to cultivate and develop the ability to have good crossover between both sides of the brain so that a person could first sense what the situation called for and then use the appropriate tool to deal with it. But people tend to stay in me "comfort zone" of their dominant hemisphere and process every situation according to either a right or left brain preference. In the words of Abraham Maslow, "He that is good with a hammer tends to think everything is a nail." This is another factor that affects the "young lady/old lady" perception difference. Right brain and left brain people tend to look at things in different ways. We live in a primarily left brain-dominant world, where words and measurement and logic are enthroned, and the more creative, intuitive, sensing, artistic aspect of our nature is often subordinated.

Conscious Capitalism, With a New Preface by the Authors: Liberating the Heroic Spirit of Business by John Mackey, Rajendra Sisodia, Bill George

"Friedman doctrine" OR "shareholder theory", "World Economic Forum" Davos, Abraham Maslow, Bear Stearns, benefit corporation, Berlin Wall, Buckminster Fuller, business process, carbon footprint, collective bargaining, corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, creative destruction, crony capitalism, cross-subsidies, do well by doing good, en.wikipedia.org, Everything should be made as simple as possible, Fall of the Berlin Wall, fear of failure, Flynn Effect, income per capita, invisible hand, Jeff Bezos, job satisfaction, John Elkington, lone genius, low interest rates, Mahatma Gandhi, microcredit, Nelson Mandela, Occupy movement, profit maximization, Ralph Waldo Emerson, shareholder value, six sigma, social intelligence, Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits, Steve Jobs, Steven Pinker, systems thinking, The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, too big to fail, union organizing, wealth creators, women in the workforce, zero-sum game

Here are a few of the most important ones: Jean Piaget’s work demonstrated how our cognitive intelligence develops through distinct, universal, and cross-cultural stages as children.6 The highest level of cognitive or analytical intelligence described in his work was what he called formal operational, or the ability to think logically. Abraham Maslow’s research on the hierarchy of needs shows that we tend to evolve upward to higher need levels, from physical needs at the bottom of the hierarchy to self-actualization and beyond.7 Conscious businesses help to meet the needs of their stakeholders at all the levels, including self-actualization.

…

We owe an intellectual debt to numerous entrepreneurs, business leaders, and business thinkers, of whom we would like to particularly thank Peter Drucker, Peter Senge, Robert C. Solomon, Gary Hamel, C.K. Prahalad, Howard Schultz, Herb Kelleher, Colleen Barrett, Larry Page, Sergey Brin, Ratan Tata, Jeff Bezos, Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, Chip Conley, Ron Shaich, Sally Jewell, Terri Kelly, Tim Brown, Abraham Maslow, Ken Wilber, Don Beck, Clare Graves, Steve McIntosh, Jenny Wade, Linda Mason, George Zimmer, Casey Sheahan, Richard Barrett, and Nikos Mourkogiannis. We are also grateful to Bud Sorenson, Debashish Chatterjee, Deepak Chopra, Michael Gelb, Fred Kofman, Rick Frazier, Scott Minerd, Peter Derby, Jeff Cherry, Judi Neal, Ron Pompei, Sam Yau, Sir Ken Robinson, David and Tom Gardner, Mark Gafni, Howard Behar, Richard Leider, Srinivasan Pillay, Alan Webber, and Youngsul Kwon for their support and help.

Risk: A User's Guide by Stanley McChrystal, Anna Butrico

"Hurricane Katrina" Superdome, Abraham Maslow, activist fund / activist shareholder / activist investor, airport security, Albert Einstein, Apollo 13, banking crisis, Bernie Madoff, Boeing 737 MAX, business process, cognitive dissonance, collapse of Lehman Brothers, collateralized debt obligation, computer vision, coronavirus, corporate governance, cotton gin, COVID-19, cuban missile crisis, deep learning, disinformation, don't be evil, Dr. Strangelove, fake news, fear of failure, George Floyd, Glass-Steagall Act, global pandemic, Googley, Greta Thunberg, hindsight bias, inflight wifi, invisible hand, iterative process, late fees, lockdown, Paul Buchheit, Ponzi scheme, QWERTY keyboard, ride hailing / ride sharing, Ronald Reagan, San Francisco homelessness, School Strike for Climate, Scientific racism, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, Skype, social distancing, source of truth, Stanislav Petrov, Steve Jobs, Thomas L Friedman, too big to fail, Travis Kalanick, wikimedia commons, work culture

The Four Tests We likely spend more time, money, and energy on communicating than everything else we do—combined. We read, talk, text, chat, and Zoom. Occasionally we actually stop to think about what we’re saying and hearing, but not always. We prioritize our ability to communicate above most other things. Were Abraham Maslow to update his famous hierarchy of needs, battery power, cell signal, and bandwidth would likely compete with air and water—at least in our minds. It feels that important—and it might be. Absent the ability to communicate, individuals would function alone and accomplish very little. So, it is fitting that the first Risk Control Factor we examine is communication.

…

moving to withdraw guns: “Battle of Balaklava,” National Army Museum, accessed September 25, 2020, https://nam.ac.uk/explore/battle-balaklava; Tony Bunting, “Battle of Balaklava,” Encyclopedia Britannica Online, last updated October 18, 2020, https://britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Balaklava. order from Lord Raglan: Bunting, “Battle of Balaklava.” lost more than 110 men and 375 horses: Bunting, “Battle of Balaklava.” his famous hierarchy of needs: Abraham Maslow offers a five-tier model of human needs. These begin with physiological needs (like food, water, etc.) progress to safety needs, ones for belonging and love, esteem, and finally, self-actualization. When nineteen hijackers passed unhindered: National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States, The 9/11 Commission Report: Executive Summary.

Super Thinking: The Big Book of Mental Models by Gabriel Weinberg, Lauren McCann

Abraham Maslow, Abraham Wald, affirmative action, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, Airbnb, Albert Einstein, anti-pattern, Anton Chekhov, Apollo 13, Apple Newton, autonomous vehicles, bank run, barriers to entry, Bayesian statistics, Bernie Madoff, Bernie Sanders, Black Swan, Broken windows theory, business process, butterfly effect, Cal Newport, Clayton Christensen, cognitive dissonance, commoditize, correlation does not imply causation, crowdsourcing, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, dark pattern, David Attenborough, delayed gratification, deliberate practice, discounted cash flows, disruptive innovation, Donald Trump, Douglas Hofstadter, Dunning–Kruger effect, Edward Lorenz: Chaos theory, Edward Snowden, effective altruism, Elon Musk, en.wikipedia.org, experimental subject, fake news, fear of failure, feminist movement, Filter Bubble, framing effect, friendly fire, fundamental attribution error, Goodhart's law, Gödel, Escher, Bach, heat death of the universe, hindsight bias, housing crisis, if you see hoof prints, think horses—not zebras, Ignaz Semmelweis: hand washing, illegal immigration, imposter syndrome, incognito mode, income inequality, information asymmetry, Isaac Newton, Jeff Bezos, John Nash: game theory, karōshi / gwarosa / guolaosi, lateral thinking, loss aversion, Louis Pasteur, LuLaRoe, Lyft, mail merge, Mark Zuckerberg, meta-analysis, Metcalfe’s law, Milgram experiment, minimum viable product, moral hazard, mutually assured destruction, Nash equilibrium, Network effects, nocebo, nuclear winter, offshore financial centre, p-value, Paradox of Choice, Parkinson's law, Paul Graham, peak oil, Peter Thiel, phenotype, Pierre-Simon Laplace, placebo effect, Potemkin village, power law, precautionary principle, prediction markets, premature optimization, price anchoring, principal–agent problem, publication bias, recommendation engine, remote working, replication crisis, Richard Feynman, Richard Feynman: Challenger O-ring, Richard Thaler, ride hailing / ride sharing, Robert Metcalfe, Ronald Coase, Ronald Reagan, Salesforce, school choice, Schrödinger's Cat, selection bias, Shai Danziger, side project, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, speech recognition, statistical model, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, Steven Pinker, Streisand effect, sunk-cost fallacy, survivorship bias, systems thinking, The future is already here, The last Blockbuster video rental store is in Bend, Oregon, The Present Situation in Quantum Mechanics, the scientific method, The Wisdom of Crowds, Thomas Kuhn: the structure of scientific revolutions, Tragedy of the Commons, transaction costs, uber lyft, ultimatum game, uranium enrichment, urban planning, vertical integration, Vilfredo Pareto, warehouse robotics, WarGames: Global Thermonuclear War, When a measure becomes a target, wikimedia commons

Other mental models in this chapter will help you approach situations like these with more objectivity and skepticism, so you can uncover the complete picture faster and make sense of what to do about it. You’ve probably heard the phrase If all you have is a hammer, everything looks like a nail. This phrase is called Maslow’s hammer and is derived from this longer passage by psychologist Abraham Maslow in his 1966 book The Psychology of Science: I remember seeing an elaborate and complicated automatic washing machine for automobiles that did a beautiful job of washing them. But it could do only that, and everything else that got into its clutches was treated as if it were an automobile to be washed.

…

., the phenomenon where low-ability people think they are high-ability, unable to recognize their own skill level (or lack thereof) in a particular area. This is really the opposite of impostor syndrome: instead of thinking they are much worse than they are, they think they are much better than they are. A third mental model about psychological barriers was proposed by psychologist Abraham Maslow (of Maslow’s hammer fame) in his 1943 paper “A Theory of Human Motivation,” and is now known as Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Maslow says that to reach your full potential (a state he calls “self-actualization”), you first need to satisfy basic psychological and material needs: physical (food, water, etc.), safety (shelter, freedom from fear, etc.), love (relationships, support, etc.), and self-esteem.

Think Like a Rocket Scientist: Simple Strategies You Can Use to Make Giant Leaps in Work and Life by Ozan Varol

Abraham Maslow, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, Airbnb, airport security, Albert Einstein, Amazon Web Services, Andrew Wiles, Apollo 11, Apollo 13, Apple's 1984 Super Bowl advert, Arthur Eddington, autonomous vehicles, Ben Horowitz, Boeing 747, Cal Newport, Clayton Christensen, cloud computing, Colonization of Mars, dark matter, delayed gratification, different worldview, discovery of DNA, double helix, Elon Musk, fail fast, fake news, fear of failure, functional fixedness, Gary Taubes, Gene Kranz, George Santayana, Google Glasses, Google X / Alphabet X, Inbox Zero, index fund, Isaac Newton, it is difficult to get a man to understand something, when his salary depends on his not understanding it, James Dyson, Jeff Bezos, job satisfaction, Johannes Kepler, Kickstarter, knowledge worker, Large Hadron Collider, late fees, lateral thinking, lone genius, longitudinal study, Louis Pasteur, low earth orbit, Marc Andreessen, Mars Rover, meta-analysis, move fast and break things, multiplanetary species, Neal Stephenson, Neil Armstrong, Nick Bostrom, obamacare, Occam's razor, out of africa, Peter Pan Syndrome, Peter Thiel, Pluto: dwarf planet, private spaceflight, Ralph Waldo Emerson, reality distortion field, Richard Feynman, Richard Feynman: Challenger O-ring, Ronald Reagan, Sam Altman, Schrödinger's Cat, Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence, self-driving car, Silicon Valley, Simon Singh, Skinner box, SpaceShipOne, Steve Ballmer, Steve Jobs, Steven Levy, Stewart Brand, subprime mortgage crisis, sunk-cost fallacy, TED Talk, Thomas Kuhn: the structure of scientific revolutions, Thomas Malthus, Tyler Cowen, Upton Sinclair, Vilfredo Pareto, We wanted flying cars, instead we got 140 characters, Whole Earth Catalog, women in the workforce, Yogi Berra

So we don’t launch a new business, because we think we don’t have what it takes. We hesitate to apply for a promotion, assuming that someone far more competent will get it. We don’t ask people on a date if they seem out of our league. We play not to lose instead of playing to win. “The story of the human race,” psychologist Abraham Maslow wrote in 1933, “is the story of men and women selling themselves short.”13 If Kennedy were following this mindset, his speech would have been very different (and far more boring). “We choose,” he might have said, “to put humans in Earth orbit and make them circle round and round—not because it’s challenging—but because it’s doable given what we have.”

…

Kranz, Failure Is Not an Option. 11. Mo Gawdat, Solve for Happy: Engineering Your Path to Joy (New York: North Star Way, 2017). 12. James Carville and Paul Begala, Buck Up, Suck Up… and Come Back When You Foul Up: 12 Winning Secrets from the War Room (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2003), 89–90. 13. Abraham Maslow, quoted in Jim Whitt, Road Signs for Success (Stillwater, OK: Lariat Press, 1993), 61. 14. Seth Godin, The Icarus Deception: How High Will You Fly? (New York: Portfolio/Penguin, 2012). 15. Shane Snow, Smartcuts: The Breakthrough Power of Lateral Thinking (New York: HarperBusiness, 2014), 180, Kindle. 16.

Hacking Capitalism by Söderberg, Johan; Söderberg, Johan;

Abraham Maslow, air gap, Alvin Toffler, AOL-Time Warner, barriers to entry, Charles Babbage, collective bargaining, commoditize, computer age, corporate governance, creative destruction, Debian, deindustrialization, delayed gratification, Dennis Ritchie, deskilling, digital capitalism, digital divide, Donald Davies, Eben Moglen, Erik Brynjolfsson, Firefox, Free Software Foundation, frictionless, full employment, Garrett Hardin, Hacker Conference 1984, Hacker Ethic, Herbert Marcuse, Howard Rheingold, IBM and the Holocaust, informal economy, interchangeable parts, invention of radio, invention of the telephone, Jacquard loom, James Watt: steam engine, jimmy wales, John Markoff, John von Neumann, Joseph Schumpeter, Joseph-Marie Jacquard, Ken Thompson, knowledge economy, knowledge worker, labour market flexibility, late capitalism, Lewis Mumford, liberal capitalism, Marshall McLuhan, means of production, Mitch Kapor, mutually assured destruction, new economy, Norbert Wiener, On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures, packet switching, patent troll, peer-to-peer, peer-to-peer model, planned obsolescence, post scarcity, post-Fordism, post-industrial society, price mechanism, Productivity paradox, profit motive, RFID, Richard Florida, Richard Stallman, Ronald Coase, safety bicycle, Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence, SETI@home, Silicon Valley, Slavoj Žižek, software patent, Steven Levy, Stewart Brand, subscription business, tech worker, technological determinism, technoutopianism, the Cathedral and the Bazaar, The Nature of the Firm, the scientific method, The Theory of the Leisure Class by Thorstein Veblen, Thomas Davenport, Thorstein Veblen, tragedy of the anticommons, Tragedy of the Commons, transaction costs, Whole Earth Catalog, Yochai Benkler

When they reflect upon the ramifications of their hobby they tend to be heavily influenced by notions about the ‘affluent society’.1 The underlying assumption, explicitly argued in Pekka Himanen’s The Hacker Ethic, is that the ‘high-tech gift economy’ on the Internet has emerged as a consequence of the abundant wealth in industrialised economies. Himanen is typical in referring to the psychologist Abraham Maslow’s work on human motivation from the 1950s. According to Maslow, human needs can be arranged in a hierarchy where primacy is assigned to those needs that are most urgently requiring to satisfy for a human being when he lacks everything. When physiological needs are satisfied, such as food and water, attention is turned to safety needs.

…

The popular adoption of the term in the computer underground, however, differs from the Keynesian arguments put forward by Galbraith under the same title. 2. The schematic summary of ‘hierarchy of needs’ has to be amended. Maslow does not present his steps in a so straight-forward fashion, but stresses the interface of differing needs, the influence of habits on behaviour, and the overall complexity of the human brain. Abraham Maslow, Motivation and Personality (New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1970). 3. Daniel Bell, The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism (London: Heinemann, 1976), 26. 4. Thomas Davenport and John Beck, The Attention Economy: Understanding the New Currency of Business (Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business School Press, 2001). 5.

Ten Arguments for Deleting Your Social Media Accounts Right Now by Jaron Lanier

4chan, Abraham Maslow, basic income, Big Tech, Black Lives Matter, Cambridge Analytica, cloud computing, context collapse, corporate governance, data science, disinformation, Donald Trump, en.wikipedia.org, fake news, Filter Bubble, gig economy, Internet of things, Jaron Lanier, life extension, Mark Zuckerberg, market bubble, Milgram experiment, move fast and break things, Network effects, peak TV, ransomware, Ray Kurzweil, recommendation engine, Silicon Valley, Skinner box, Snapchat, Stanford prison experiment, stem cell, Steve Jobs, Ted Nelson, theory of mind, WikiLeaks, you are the product, zero-sum game

BIT AS BAIT In the bigger picture, in which people must do more than conform in order for our species to thrive, behaviorism is an inadequate way to think about society. If you want to motivate high value and creative outcomes, as opposed to undertaking rote training, then reward and punishment aren’t the right tools at all. There’s a long line of researchers studying this topic, starting with Abraham Maslow in the 1950s and continuing with many others, including Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (joined by writers like Daniel Pink). Instead of applying the simple mechanisms of behaviorism, we need to think about people in more creative ways, if we expect them to be creative. We need to foster joy, intellectual challenge, individuality, curiosity, and other qualities that don’t fit into a tidy chart.

Work Rules!: Insights From Inside Google That Will Transform How You Live and Lead by Laszlo Bock

Abraham Maslow, Abraham Wald, Airbnb, Albert Einstein, AltaVista, Atul Gawande, behavioural economics, Black Swan, book scanning, Burning Man, call centre, Cass Sunstein, Checklist Manifesto, choice architecture, citizen journalism, clean water, cognitive load, company town, correlation coefficient, crowdsourcing, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, deliberate practice, en.wikipedia.org, experimental subject, Fairchild Semiconductor, Frederick Winslow Taylor, future of work, Google Earth, Google Glasses, Google Hangouts, Google X / Alphabet X, Googley, helicopter parent, immigration reform, Internet Archive, Kevin Roose, longitudinal study, Menlo Park, mental accounting, meta-analysis, Moneyball by Michael Lewis explains big data, nudge unit, PageRank, Paul Buchheit, power law, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Rana Plaza, random walk, Richard Thaler, Rubik’s Cube, self-driving car, shareholder value, Sheryl Sandberg, side project, Silicon Valley, six sigma, statistical model, Steve Ballmer, Steve Jobs, Steven Levy, Steven Pinker, survivorship bias, Susan Wojcicki, TaskRabbit, The Wisdom of Crowds, Tony Hsieh, Turing machine, Wayback Machine, winner-take-all economy, Y2K

By far the least important attribute we screen for is whether someone actually knows anything about the job they are taking on. Our reasoning and experience is that someone who has done the same task—successfully—for many years is likely to see a situation at Google and replicate the same solution that has worked for them. As the psychologist Abraham Maslow wrote: “I suppose it is tempting, if the only tool you have is a hammer, to treat everything as if it were a nail.”92 The problem with this approach is that you lose the opportunity to create something new. In contrast, our experience is that curious people who are open to learning will figure out the right answers in almost all cases, and have a much greater chance of creating a truly novel solution.xxix For technical roles, such as those in engineering or product management, we assess expertise in computer science quite extensively, but even there our bias is to hire people with a general (though expert-level) understanding of computer science rather than specialized knowledge of just one field.

…

Before Eric would entertain any esoteric ideas, People Operations had to deliver on Google’s most important issue. I learned that to have the privilege of working on the cool, futuristic stuff, you had to earn the confidence of the organization. In 2010, we enshrined that notion in a graphic that encapsulated our approach. The pyramid shape was a nod to psychologist Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs,259 which he presented as a pyramid with our most fundamental needs at the bottom (air, food, water), topped by the need for safety, belonging, love, and finally self-actualization. After seeing our version, a few folks from our team took to calling it Laszlo’s hierarchy. “Laszlo’s hierarchy.” © Google, Inc.

The Denial of Death by Ernest Becker

Abraham Maslow, complexity theory

In recent times every psychologist who has done vital work has made this paradox the main problem of his thought: Otto Rank (to whom I want to devote special chapters later on) more consistently and brilliantly than anyone else since Kierkegaard, Carl Jung, Erich Fromm, Rollo May, Ernest Schachtel, Abraham Maslow, Harold F. Searles, Norman O. Brown, Laura Perls, and others. We might call this existential paradox the condition of individuality within finitude. Man has a symbolic identity that brings him sharply out of nature. He is a symbolic self, a creature with a name, a life history. He is a creator with a mind that soars out to speculate about atoms and infinity, who can place himself imaginatively at a point in space and contemplate bemusedly his own planet.

…

—I argued—since we feel ourselves in many ways guilty and beholden to others, a lesser creation of theirs, indebted to them for our very birth. But this is only part of the story—the most superficial and obvious part. There are deeper reasons for our lack of courage, and if we are going to understand man we have to dig for them. The psychologist Abraham Maslow had the keenest sense for significant ideas, and shortly before his recent untimely death he began to attack the problem of the fear of standing alone.3 Maslow used a broad humanistic perspective in his work, and he liked to talk about concepts like “actualizing one’s potential” and one’s “full humanness.”

Liars and Outliers: How Security Holds Society Together by Bruce Schneier

Abraham Maslow, airport security, Alvin Toffler, barriers to entry, behavioural economics, benefit corporation, Berlin Wall, Bernie Madoff, Bernie Sanders, Brian Krebs, Broken windows theory, carried interest, Cass Sunstein, Chelsea Manning, commoditize, corporate governance, crack epidemic, credit crunch, CRISPR, crowdsourcing, cuban missile crisis, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, David Graeber, desegregation, don't be evil, Double Irish / Dutch Sandwich, Douglas Hofstadter, Dunbar number, experimental economics, Fall of the Berlin Wall, financial deregulation, Future Shock, Garrett Hardin, George Akerlof, hydraulic fracturing, impulse control, income inequality, information security, invention of agriculture, invention of gunpowder, iterative process, Jean Tirole, John Bogle, John Nash: game theory, joint-stock company, Julian Assange, language acquisition, longitudinal study, mass incarceration, meta-analysis, microcredit, mirror neurons, moral hazard, Multics, mutually assured destruction, Nate Silver, Network effects, Nick Leeson, off-the-grid, offshore financial centre, Oklahoma City bombing, patent troll, phenotype, pre–internet, principal–agent problem, prisoner's dilemma, profit maximization, profit motive, race to the bottom, Ralph Waldo Emerson, RAND corporation, Recombinant DNA, rent-seeking, RFID, Richard Thaler, risk tolerance, Ronald Coase, security theater, shareholder value, slashdot, statistical model, Steven Pinker, Stuxnet, technological singularity, The Market for Lemons, The Nature of the Firm, The Spirit Level, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, The Wisdom of Crowds, theory of mind, Timothy McVeigh, too big to fail, traffic fines, Tragedy of the Commons, transaction costs, ultimatum game, UNCLOS, union organizing, Vernor Vinge, WikiLeaks, World Values Survey, Y2K, Yochai Benkler, zero-sum game

He might take something, not knowing it is owned by someone. (This is somewhat of a special case, because the person isn't making a risk trade-off.) An individual might have several simultaneous competing interests, some of them pressuring him towards the group norm and some away from it. In 1943, Abraham Maslow ordered human needs in a hierarchy, from the most fundamental to least fundamental: physiological needs, safety, love and belonging, self-esteem, self-actualization, and self-transcendence. Some of those needs advocate cooperation, and others advocate defection. Figuring out whether to cooperate or defect—and then what norm to follow—means taking all of this into account.

…

extreme situations David DeSteno and Piercarlo Valdesolo (2011), Out of Character: Surprising Truths About the Liar, Cheat, Sinner (and Saint) Lurking in All of Us, Crown Archetype. lethal altruists Adolf Tobeña (2009), “Lethal Altruists: Itineraries along the Dark Outskirts of Moralistic Prosociality,” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1167:5–15. Abraham Maslow Abraham H. Maslow (1943), “A Theory of Human Motivation,” Psychological Review, 50:370–96. Rational Choice Theory Gary S. Becker (1976), The Economic Approach to Human Behavior, University of Chicago Press. Bounded Rationality Bryan D. Jones (1999), “Bounded Rationality,” Annual Review of Political Science, 2:297–321.

The Empathic Civilization: The Race to Global Consciousness in a World in Crisis by Jeremy Rifkin

Abraham Maslow, agricultural Revolution, Albert Einstein, animal electricity, back-to-the-land, British Empire, carbon footprint, classic study, collaborative economy, death of newspapers, delayed gratification, distributed generation, emotional labour, en.wikipedia.org, energy security, feminist movement, Ford Model T, global village, Great Leap Forward, hedonic treadmill, hydrogen economy, illegal immigration, income inequality, income per capita, interchangeable parts, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Internet Archive, invention of movable type, invention of the steam engine, invisible hand, Isaac Newton, James Watt: steam engine, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Lewis Mumford, Mahatma Gandhi, Marshall McLuhan, means of production, megacity, meta-analysis, Milgram experiment, mirror neurons, Nelson Mandela, new economy, New Urbanism, Norbert Wiener, off grid, off-the-grid, out of africa, Peace of Westphalia, peak oil, peer-to-peer, planetary scale, Recombinant DNA, scientific management, scientific worldview, Simon Kuznets, Skype, smart grid, smart meter, social intelligence, supply-chain management, surplus humans, systems thinking, the medium is the message, the scientific method, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, The Wisdom of Crowds, theory of mind, Tragedy of the Commons, transaction costs, upwardly mobile, uranium enrichment, working poor, World Values Survey

Young counterculturalists and political radicals alike began to direct their energies inward, into the recesses of their own psyches, in search of deeper answers as to why society was the way it was and, more important, how to find personal meaning in a heartless world. Humanist psychologists including Rollo May, Abraham Maslow, and Carl Rogers stepped into the breach, offering a psychological approach and methodology for examining the interior world of the psyche and the condition of the human spirit. Their kindred spirits were the existential philosophers of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The Russian novelist Fyodor Dostoevsky best articulated the existential point of view when he observed that “[i]f God didn’t exist, everything would be possible.”84 The existential philosophers start with the assumption that all human beings are alone in the universe, and therefore totally responsible for their own lives.

…

When caring is lost, one becomes apathetic and loses the will to live. May says that at the root of caring is the ability to imbue life with love. He writes: “We will the world, create it by our decision, our fiat, our choice; and we love it, give it affect, energy, power to love and change. . . .”87 Abraham Maslow, who studied at Harry Harlow’s laboratory in the 1930s—Harlow conducted the famous macaque-monkey studies on infant attachment to surrogate mothers—was best known for creating the idea of the “hierarchy of needs,” the ordering of needs from the most basic need of physical survival to the highest need of self-actualization.

…

Kohut concluded that, “[t]his combination of empathic- introspective data-gathering with abstract formulation and theoretical explanation . . . constitutes a revolutionary step in the history of science.”23 The new ideal in science, said Kohut, “can be condensed into a single evocative phrase: we must strive not only for scientific empathy but also for an empathic science.”24 Abraham Maslow, among others, concurred with Kohut’s vision of a new science and attempted to calm the rising fury within the scientific establishment by clarifying what was perhaps the most dangerous challenge to science in its modern incarnation. He wrote,I certainly wish to be understood as trying to enlarge science, not destroy it.

Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us by Daniel H. Pink

Abraham Maslow, affirmative action, behavioural economics, call centre, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, Dean Kamen, deliberate practice, Firefox, Frederick Winslow Taylor, functional fixedness, game design, George Akerlof, Isaac Newton, Jean Tirole, job satisfaction, knowledge worker, longitudinal study, performance metric, profit maximization, profit motive, Results Only Work Environment, scientific management, side project, TED Talk, the built environment, Tony Hsieh, transaction costs, zero-sum game

But what this operating system lacked in enlightenment, it made up for in effectiveness. It worked well extremely well. Until it didn't. As the twentieth century progressed, as economies grew still more complex, and as the people in them had to deploy new, more sophisticated skills, the Motivation 2.0 approach encountered some resistance. In the 1950s, Abraham Maslow, a former student of Harry Harlow's at the University of Wisconsin, developed the field of humanistic psychology, which questioned the idea that human behavior was purely the ratlike seeking of positive stimuli and avoidance of negative stimuli. In 1960, MIT management professor Douglas McGregor imported some of Maslow's ideas to the business world.

Team Human by Douglas Rushkoff

1960s counterculture, Abraham Maslow, Adam Curtis, autonomous vehicles, basic income, Berlin Wall, big-box store, bitcoin, blockchain, Burning Man, carbon footprint, circular economy, clean water, clockwork universe, cloud computing, collective bargaining, Computing Machinery and Intelligence, corporate personhood, digital capitalism, disintermediation, Donald Trump, drone strike, European colonialism, fake news, Filter Bubble, full employment, future of work, game design, gamification, gig economy, Google bus, Gödel, Escher, Bach, hockey-stick growth, Internet of things, invention of the printing press, invention of writing, invisible hand, iterative process, John Perry Barlow, Kevin Kelly, Kevin Roose, knowledge economy, Larry Ellison, Lewis Mumford, life extension, lifelogging, Mark Zuckerberg, Marshall McLuhan, means of production, mirror neurons, multilevel marketing, new economy, patient HM, pattern recognition, peer-to-peer, Peter Thiel, planned obsolescence, power law, prosperity theology / prosperity gospel / gospel of success, Ray Kurzweil, recommendation engine, ride hailing / ride sharing, Ronald Reagan, Ronald Reagan: Tear down this wall, shareholder value, sharing economy, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley billionaire, social intelligence, sovereign wealth fund, Steve Jobs, Steven Pinker, Stewart Brand, tech billionaire, technoutopianism, TED Talk, theory of mind, trade route, Travis Kalanick, Turing test, universal basic income, Vannevar Bush, We are as Gods, winner-take-all economy, zero-sum game

The resulting New Age movement stressed individual enlightenment over communal health. It was the same old personal salvation wine, only in California chardonnay bottles. The social justice agenda of the antiwar and civil rights movements was repackaged as the stridently individualistic self-help movement. They adopted psychologist Abraham Maslow’s “hierarchy of needs” as their rubric, with “self-actualization” as the ultimate goal at the top of the pyramid. Never mind that Buddhists would have challenged the very premise of a self. The LSD trip, with its pronounced sense of journey, peak, and return, became the new allegory for individual salvation.

The Pleasures and Sorrows of Work by Alain de Botton

Abraham Maslow, Donald Trump, flag carrier, Isaac Newton, Johannes Kepler, Malacca Straits, mass immigration, Ralph Waldo Emerson, spice trade, supply-chain management, Vilfredo Pareto

But Symons maintained that a secularised version of this notion had survived even into the modern age, where it was prone to torture us with an expectation that the meaning of our lives might at some point be revealed to us in a ready-made and decisive form, which would in turn render us permanently immune to feelings of confusion, envy and regret. Symons preferred a quote from Motivation and Personality, by the psychologist Abraham Maslow, which he had pinned up above the toilet: ‘It isn’t normal to know what we want. It is a rare and difficult psychological achievement’. 4. When Carol returned the following week, she was dressed in a green skirt and T-shirt and seemed a decade younger. Symons apologised for the smell in the room (his wife was making puréed swede with cheesy crust) and suggested that she submit to a small written exercise.

How to Change Your Mind: What the New Science of Psychedelics Teaches Us About Consciousness, Dying, Addiction, Depression, and Transcendence by Michael Pollan

1960s counterculture, Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, Anton Chekhov, Burning Man, cognitive dissonance, conceptual framework, crowdsourcing, dark matter, Day of the Dead, Douglas Engelbart, East Village, experimental subject, Exxon Valdez, Golden Gate Park, Google Earth, Haight Ashbury, Howard Rheingold, Internet Archive, John Markoff, John Perry Barlow, Kevin Kelly, Marshall McLuhan, Mason jar, Menlo Park, meta-analysis, microdosing, military-industrial complex, moral panic, Mother of all demos, off-the-grid, overview effect, placebo effect, radical decentralization, Ralph Waldo Emerson, randomized controlled trial, reality distortion field, Ronald Reagan, Salesforce, satellite internet, scientific mainstream, scientific worldview, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), sensible shoes, Silicon Valley, Skype, Steve Jobs, Stewart Brand, sugar pill, TED Talk, the scientific method, theory of mind, Thomas Bayes, Whole Earth Catalog

I realized I had not exaggerated the first trip but in fact had forgotten 80 percent of it. “I have never doubted the validity of these experiences,” Richards told me. “This was the realm of mystical consciousness that Shankara was talking about, that Plotinus was writing about, that Saint John of the Cross and Meister Eckhart were writing about. It’s also what Abraham Maslow was talking about with his ‘peak experiences,’ though Abe could get there without the drugs.” Richards would go on to study psychology under Maslow at Brandeis University. “Abe was a natural Jewish mystic. He could just lie down in the backyard and have a mystical experience. Psychedelics are for those of us who aren’t so innately gifted.”

…

Andrei eventually left Bucharest for San Francisco, bound for what he had heard was “the first New Age graduate school”—the California Institute of Integral Studies. Founded in 1968, the institute specializes in “transpersonal psychology,” a school of therapy with a strong spiritual orientation rooted in the work of Carl Jung and Abraham Maslow as well as the “wisdom traditions” of the East and the West, including Native American healing and South American shamanism. Stanislav Grof, a pioneer of both transpersonal and psychedelic therapy, has been on the faculty for many years. In 2016, the institute began offering the nation’s first certificate program in psychedelic therapy.

Consumed: How Markets Corrupt Children, Infantilize Adults, and Swallow Citizens Whole by Benjamin R. Barber

"World Economic Forum" Davos, Abraham Maslow, addicted to oil, AltaVista, American ideology, An Inconvenient Truth, AOL-Time Warner, Berlin Wall, Bertrand Russell: In Praise of Idleness, Bill Gates: Altair 8800, bread and circuses, business cycle, Celebration, Florida, collective bargaining, creative destruction, David Brooks, delayed gratification, digital divide, do well by doing good, Donald Trump, double entry bookkeeping, Dr. Strangelove, G4S, game design, George Gilder, Gordon Gekko, greed is good, Herbert Marcuse, Hernando de Soto, illegal immigration, informal economy, invisible hand, John Perry Barlow, Joseph Schumpeter, laissez-faire capitalism, late capitalism, liberal capitalism, Marc Andreessen, McJob, microcredit, Naomi Klein, new economy, New Journalism, Norbert Wiener, nuclear winter, Panopticon Jeremy Bentham, Paradox of Choice, pattern recognition, presumed consent, profit motive, race to the bottom, Ralph Nader, retail therapy, road to serfdom, Robert Bork, Ronald Reagan, Saturday Night Live, Silicon Valley, SimCity, spice trade, Steve Jobs, telemarketer, The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid, the market place, The Wisdom of Crowds, Thomas L Friedman, Thorstein Veblen, trade route, Tyler Cowen, vertical integration, Virgin Galactic, X Prize

In discussing the donation of the greater part of his fortune to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, billionaire Warren Buffett acknowledged that although he is “a big believer in the market system 95% of the time…it’s done pretty well by me, and the world…there are things where the market system is not going to solve the problem.”37 So although only a few of the core or irreducible needs enumerated by Brazelton and Greenspan or fellow psychologist Abraham Maslow are material in character—aimed at nutrition, housing, health, and security38—those crucial few remain mostly without impact on the market and on world trade, which continues to focus on the real if fragile market defined by the artificially induced faux needs of the prosperous. Brazelton and Greenspan are correct in arguing that “our society is failing many of its families and small children at present,” but only if a way can be found for capitalism to target irreducible needs is this injustice likely to be redressed.39 Is it possible for capitalism to revamp its mission within the limits of the modern consumer market?

…

Michael Wines, “Hope for Hungry Children, Arriving in a Foil Packet,” New York Times, August 8, 2005. 36. See Sachs, The End of Poverty. 37. On PBS’s Charlie Rose television show, June 26, 2006. Buffett, the second richest person on earth following Bill Gates, offered the greater part of his $30 billion fortune to the Gates Foundation. 38. Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs include self-actualization, the aesthetic, the cognitive, esteem, love and belongingness, safety, and the physiological (material). Brazelton’s and Greenspan’s include “ongoing Nurturing Relationships; Physical Protection, Safety and Regulation; Experiences Tailored to Individual Differences; Need for Developmentally Appropriate Experiences; Need for Limit Setting, Structure, and Expectation; Need for Stable, Supportive Communities and Cultural Continuity; protecting the Future” (The Irreducible Needs of Children: What Every Child Must Have to Grow, Learn, and Flourish [Cambridge, Mass.: Perseus, 2000]). 39.

Them And Us: Politics, Greed And Inequality - Why We Need A Fair Society by Will Hutton

Abraham Maslow, Alan Greenspan, Andrei Shleifer, asset-backed security, bank run, banking crisis, Bear Stearns, behavioural economics, Benoit Mandelbrot, Berlin Wall, Bernie Madoff, Big bang: deregulation of the City of London, Blythe Masters, Boris Johnson, bread and circuses, Bretton Woods, business cycle, capital controls, carbon footprint, Carmen Reinhart, Cass Sunstein, centre right, choice architecture, cloud computing, collective bargaining, conceptual framework, Corn Laws, Cornelius Vanderbilt, corporate governance, creative destruction, credit crunch, Credit Default Swap, debt deflation, decarbonisation, Deng Xiaoping, discovery of DNA, discovery of the americas, discrete time, disinformation, diversification, double helix, Edward Glaeser, financial deregulation, financial engineering, financial innovation, financial intermediation, first-past-the-post, floating exchange rates, Francis Fukuyama: the end of history, Frank Levy and Richard Murnane: The New Division of Labor, full employment, general purpose technology, George Akerlof, Gini coefficient, Glass-Steagall Act, global supply chain, Growth in a Time of Debt, Hyman Minsky, I think there is a world market for maybe five computers, income inequality, inflation targeting, interest rate swap, invisible hand, Isaac Newton, James Dyson, James Watt: steam engine, Japanese asset price bubble, joint-stock company, Joseph Schumpeter, Kenneth Rogoff, knowledge economy, knowledge worker, labour market flexibility, language acquisition, Large Hadron Collider, liberal capitalism, light touch regulation, Long Term Capital Management, long term incentive plan, Louis Pasteur, low cost airline, low interest rates, low-wage service sector, mandelbrot fractal, margin call, market fundamentalism, Martin Wolf, mass immigration, means of production, meritocracy, Mikhail Gorbachev, millennium bug, Money creation, money market fund, moral hazard, moral panic, mortgage debt, Myron Scholes, Neil Kinnock, new economy, Northern Rock, offshore financial centre, open economy, plutocrats, power law, price discrimination, private sector deleveraging, proprietary trading, purchasing power parity, quantitative easing, race to the bottom, railway mania, random walk, rent-seeking, reserve currency, Richard Thaler, Right to Buy, rising living standards, Robert Shiller, Ronald Reagan, Rory Sutherland, Satyajit Das, Savings and loan crisis, shareholder value, short selling, Silicon Valley, Skype, South Sea Bubble, Steve Jobs, systems thinking, tail risk, The Market for Lemons, the market place, The Myth of the Rational Market, the payments system, the scientific method, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, three-masted sailing ship, too big to fail, unpaid internship, value at risk, Vilfredo Pareto, Washington Consensus, wealth creators, work culture , working poor, world market for maybe five computers, zero-sum game, éminence grise

And last but not least, as Western populations’ life expectancy continues to increase, ever more members of the working population will be required to service pensioners’ care and leisure needs.6 Intriguingly, in all of these areas, the character of demand is changing, along with its structure and pattern. As consumers grow richer and more sophisticated, they move up Abraham Maslow’s famous ‘hierarchy of needs’. They no longer aspire to the mere satiation of their needs; they are looking for self-fulfilment and self-actualisation. They want to be better authors of their own lives, making choices that, as Amartya Sen has coined, they have reason to value. This expresses itself in a quest for ever more experiences and knowledge, and it is already evident in the personalisation of cars and clothes, the growing use of holidays to stretch everything from physical fitness to musical skills, and increasing interactivity in the media.

…

When Aristotle claimed that ‘people everywhere want to expand their horizons and discover their talents’ he fathered a great tradition in Western thought that we should honour now as never before. Cervantes and Shakespeare placed the individual’s quest for self-discovery and self-realisation at the heart of their work. Kant wanted individuals to dare to know. Abraham Maslow believed that individuals moved up a hierarchy of needs towards self-actualisation. Amartya Sen now insists that every human being should be equipped with the capabilities that allow them to choose a life they have reason to value.5 The Nobel Prize-winner for economics Edmund Phelps has created a new term to describe the combination of intellectual energy, vitality and problem-solving that needs to be the common intellectual culture in the future.6 He calls it ‘vitalist’.

The Second Curve: Thoughts on Reinventing Society by Charles Handy

"Friedman doctrine" OR "shareholder theory", Abraham Maslow, Airbnb, Alan Greenspan, basic income, Bernie Madoff, bitcoin, bonus culture, British Empire, call centre, Clayton Christensen, corporate governance, delayed gratification, Diane Coyle, disruptive innovation, Edward Snowden, falling living standards, future of work, G4S, greed is good, independent contractor, informal economy, Internet of things, invisible hand, joint-stock company, joint-stock limited liability company, Kickstarter, Kodak vs Instagram, late capitalism, mass immigration, megacity, mittelstand, Occupy movement, payday loans, peer-to-peer lending, plutocrats, Ponzi scheme, Robert Solow, Ronald Coase, shareholder value, sharing economy, Skype, Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits, Stanford marshmallow experiment, Steve Jobs, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, Thorstein Veblen, too big to fail, transaction costs, Veblen good, Walter Mischel

Most of us have to provide for our own economic and social needs before we are ready to concentrate on fulfilling our real potential. The pursuit of personal eudaimonia is a Second- or even Third-Curve cause, best done when you know who you are, what you can and can’t do, when you are no longer consumed by the need to survive and provide. Abraham Maslow, the American psychologist, used his idea of a hierarchy of needs to suggest that it is only when you have satisfied your economic and status needs that you are ready to proceed to what he called self-actualisation, a state not dissimilar to eudaimonia. So, yes, you do need money at the outset, but it does not stop there.

The Heartfulness Way: Heart-Based Meditations for Spiritual Transformation by Kamlesh D. Patel, Joshua Pollock

Abraham Maslow, financial independence, Lao Tzu, medical residency, Richard Feynman

But even as my parents achieved all the traditional markers of success–salary, status, and security–they realized that making a living did not always equate to making a life. Indeed, making a life also requires one to focus on the art of living–on loving relationships, emotional intelligence, and a sense of meaning and purpose. In many ways, my parents’ journey reflects Abraham Maslow’s famous “hierarchy of needs” theory, which postulates that only after sustenance, security, and community are established can one achieve self-actualization. While on her spiritual journey, my mother encountered Heartfulness and began her practice in earnest. She soon became a Heartfulness trainer and served as a meditation facilitator within the tradition, and she hosted people in our house every Sunday morning for meditation and fellowship.

The Penguin and the Leviathan: How Cooperation Triumphs Over Self-Interest by Yochai Benkler

Abraham Maslow, Alan Greenspan, behavioural economics, business process, California gold rush, citizen journalism, classic study, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, do well by doing good, East Village, Everything should be made as simple as possible, experimental economics, experimental subject, framing effect, Garrett Hardin, informal economy, invisible hand, jimmy wales, job satisfaction, Joseph Schumpeter, Kaizen: continuous improvement, Kenneth Arrow, knowledge economy, laissez-faire capitalism, loss aversion, Murray Gell-Mann, Nicholas Carr, peer-to-peer, prediction markets, Richard Stallman, scientific management, Scientific racism, Silicon Valley, social contagion, Steven Pinker, telemarketer, Toyota Production System, Tragedy of the Commons, twin studies, ultimatum game, Washington Consensus, Yochai Benkler, zero-sum game, Zipcar

And finally, psychology recognizes that not all people respond the same way to the same cues and contexts. It explores the important role that individual differences and personality play. Let’s look first at those basic drivers or motivations: our needs, goals, or values. The most widely known theory of the psychology of needs is Abraham Maslow’s classic hierarchy, with basic physiological needs at the base of the pyramid, ascending to safety, to love/belonging, to esteem, and finally to self-actualization. Another well-known theory of needs (which we will encounter in later chapters) is Edward Deci and Richard Ryan’s, which posits that humans have three basic needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness.

The Participation Revolution: How to Ride the Waves of Change in a Terrifyingly Turbulent World by Neil Gibb

Abraham Maslow, Adam Neumann (WeWork), Airbnb, Albert Einstein, blockchain, Buckminster Fuller, call centre, carbon footprint, Clayton Christensen, collapse of Lehman Brothers, corporate social responsibility, creative destruction, crowdsourcing, data science, Didi Chuxing, disruptive innovation, Donald Trump, gentrification, gig economy, iterative process, Jeremy Corbyn, job automation, Joseph Schumpeter, Khan Academy, Kibera, Kodak vs Instagram, Mark Zuckerberg, Menlo Park, Minecraft, mirror neurons, Network effects, new economy, performance metric, ride hailing / ride sharing, shareholder value, side project, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, Skype, Snapchat, Steve Jobs, Susan Wojcicki, the scientific method, Thomas Kuhn: the structure of scientific revolutions, trade route, urban renewal, WeWork

Rapha is a master class in the application of participatory innovation to build a high-value brand with passionate and extremely loyal fans in the emerging new economy. Towards the end of 2001, Mottram, then working as a freelance branding consultant, gave a presentation at the Luxury Brand Association in London. He used the psychologist Abraham Maslow’s classic hierarchy of human needs as a framework. Maslow’s now famous hierarchy was first published in a research paper in 1943. Psychology had emerged as an academic discipline in the second half of the 19th century, part of an explosion of scientific and intellectual growth as the disruptive phase of the Industrial Revolution gave way to social transformation.

Technically Wrong: Sexist Apps, Biased Algorithms, and Other Threats of Toxic Tech by Sara Wachter-Boettcher

"Susan Fowler" uber, Abraham Maslow, Airbnb, airport security, algorithmic bias, AltaVista, big data - Walmart - Pop Tarts, Big Tech, Black Lives Matter, data science, deep learning, Donald Trump, fake news, false flag, Ferguson, Missouri, Firefox, Grace Hopper, Greyball, Hacker News, hockey-stick growth, independent contractor, job automation, Kickstarter, lifelogging, lolcat, Marc Benioff, Mark Zuckerberg, Max Levchin, Menlo Park, meritocracy, microaggression, move fast and break things, natural language processing, Northpointe / Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions, off-the-grid, pattern recognition, Peter Thiel, real-name policy, recommendation engine, ride hailing / ride sharing, Salesforce, self-driving car, Sheryl Sandberg, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, Snapchat, Steve Jobs, Tactical Technology Collective, TED Talk, Tim Cook: Apple, Travis Kalanick, upwardly mobile, Wayback Machine, women in the workforce, work culture , zero-sum game

Pretty soon we’d be watching viral videos, rickrolling our friends, laughing at lolcats—and, of course, managing all that mundane stuff like banking and shopping from our screens. And that meant pretty much every business was aiming not just to have a website, but to figure out how technology might change the way it served its customers. So here we are, a decade later, and technology is so pervasive that a version of psychologist Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs with “WiFi” added to the base of the pyramid has become one of the most enduring internet memes around. Maslow’s hierarchy, updated. Even if you’re not someone who checks Instagram five times during dinner, you probably rely on connected technology for all kinds of things you used to do in person or over the phone.

Grinding It Out: The Making of McDonald's by Ray Kroc

Abraham Maslow, estate planning, Ford Model T, guns versus butter model

During 1983, McDonald’s grew to nearly double the 4,000 restaurants it had when this book was first published. Its 1983 sales, systemwide, approached $9 billion. And in December of that year Esquire magazine saluted Ray Kroc as one of fifty individuals who had made the greatest contribution to the American way of life in the twentieth century. He was ranked with psychologist Abraham Maslow, theologian Reinhold Niebuhr, and civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr., in the category of “visionaries.” Kroc gleefully accepted the tribute as good public relations for McDonald’s and posed for a photograph that showed him leaning over his desk holding a branding iron in the shape of the Golden Arches.

The Techno-Human Condition by Braden R. Allenby, Daniel R. Sarewitz

"World Economic Forum" Davos, Abraham Maslow, airport security, Anthropocene, augmented reality, carbon credits, carbon footprint, clean water, cognitive dissonance, cognitive load, coherent worldview, conceptual framework, creative destruction, Credit Default Swap, decarbonisation, different worldview, Edward Jenner, facts on the ground, friendly fire, Hans Moravec, industrial cluster, information security, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), invisible hand, Isaac Newton, Jane Jacobs, land tenure, Lewis Mumford, life extension, Long Term Capital Management, market fundamentalism, mutually assured destruction, Nick Bostrom, nuclear winter, Peter Singer: altruism, planetary scale, precautionary principle, prediction markets, radical life extension, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Ray Kurzweil, Silicon Valley, smart grid, source of truth, stem cell, Stewart Brand, synthetic biology, technoutopianism, the built environment, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, transcontinental railway, We are as Gods, Whole Earth Catalog

We know that technological systems are now as complex, pervasive, and incomprehensible as natural systems; in fact we know that the distinction between technological and natural systems is no longer very meaningful. We know that the dependence of modern market economies on continual growth means that we have to keep inventing and consuming new technologies, whether we really Level I and Level II Technology 33 need them or not-indeed, it is not clear what "need" means in our modern framework, Abraham Maslow to the contrary.3 Moreover, this process of continual innovation, productivity enhancement, and economic growth leads to apparently unavoidable spasms of severe unemployment and socioeconomic disruption and transformation, along with the wealth creation that seems to have become an underpinning for civil stability.

Independent Diplomat: Dispatches From an Unaccountable Elite by Carne Ross

Abraham Maslow, barriers to entry, blood diamond, carbon tax, cuban missile crisis, Doha Development Round, energy security, Francis Fukuyama: the end of history, Global Witness, income inequality, information security, iterative process, meta-analysis, oil-for-food scandal, one-China policy, Peace of Westphalia, Pearl River Delta, stakhanovite, Thomas Kuhn: the structure of scientific revolutions, Tragedy of the Commons, zero-sum game

Global opinion surveys, such as those conducted by the Pew Center and Gallup International, suggest that while the escape from poverty is a primary global concern, other concerns, particularly once wealth levels rise, become more pressing.5 These concerns, including things like crime, corruption and disease, do not fit easily, or even at all, into the assumptions of conventional economics on what motivates us. This evidence fits in with well-established psychological theory about human needs and wants, such as Abraham Maslow’s “hierarchy of needs”. This claimed that the highest level of human motivation was the need to achieve self-fulfillment. Below that were other levels of need, each of which had to be satisfied before people could progress to the next. At the bottom of Maslow’s pyramid of needs were the basics of life such as food, water and material comforts.

The Right Side of History by Ben Shapiro

Abraham Maslow, Bernie Sanders, Black Lives Matter, classic study, Donald Trump, Filter Bubble, Great Leap Forward, Herbert Marcuse, illegal immigration, income inequality, Internet Archive, Isaac Newton, Johannes Kepler, labor-force participation, longitudinal study, means of production, microaggression, Peace of Westphalia, Plato's cave, Ronald Reagan, Steven Pinker, the scientific method, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, Thomas L Friedman, W. E. B. Du Bois, white picket fence, women in the workforce

Virtue, it turns out, was part of that old-style hierarchy that had kept humanity penned in for millennia. No, people merely had to “find themselves.” This newfangled gloss on Rousseauian romanticism found ecstatic followers on the New Left. Where once conscience had reigned supreme, now self-fulfillment became the key to self-betterment. The psychological theory of Abraham Maslow (1908–1970) was hijacked to support this new journey within. Maslow said that human beings sought self-realization—not the pursuit of virtue through acting in accordance with an objective telos, but realization of what you truly want. Repression prevents us from realizing what we want and need—and such repression begins in childhood, “mostly as a response to parental and cultural disapprovals.”

You Are Not a Gadget by Jaron Lanier

1960s counterculture, Abraham Maslow, accounting loophole / creative accounting, additive manufacturing, Albert Einstein, Bear Stearns, call centre, cloud computing, commoditize, crowdsourcing, death of newspapers, different worldview, digital Maoism, Douglas Hofstadter, Extropian, follow your passion, General Magic , hive mind, Internet Archive, Jaron Lanier, jimmy wales, John Conway, John Perry Barlow, John von Neumann, Kevin Kelly, Long Term Capital Management, Neal Stephenson, Network effects, new economy, packet switching, PageRank, pattern recognition, Ponzi scheme, Project Xanadu, Ray Kurzweil, Richard Stallman, Savings and loan crisis, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, slashdot, social graph, stem cell, Steve Jobs, Stewart Brand, Stuart Kauffman, synthetic biology, technological determinism, Ted Nelson, telemarketer, telepresence, the long tail, The Wisdom of Crowds, trickle-down economics, Turing test, Vernor Vinge, Whole Earth Catalog

What has saved us from Marxism is simply that new technologies have in general created new jobs—and those jobs have generally been better than the old ones. They have been ever more elevated—more cerebral, creative, cultural, or strategic—than the jobs they replaced. A descendant of a Luddite who smashed looms might be programming robotic looms today. Crashing Down Maslow’s Pyramid Abraham Maslow was a twentieth-century psychologist who proposed that human beings seek to sate ever more exalted needs as their baser needs are met. A starving person might choose to seek food before social status, for instance, but once a person isn’t hungry, a desire for status can become as intense as the earlier quest for food.

The Psychopath Test: A Journey Through the Madness Industry by Jon Ronson

Abraham Maslow, Adam Curtis, Albert Einstein, Ascot racecourse, Carl Icahn, corporate raider, cuban missile crisis, disinformation, Donald Trump, Douglas Hofstadter, false flag, Gödel, Escher, Bach, impulse control, Jon Ronson, Norman Mailer, Ronald Reagan, Skype

Ron Hubbard’s life and death came from Scientology videos and from the 1997 Channel 4 documentary Secret Lives: L. Ron Hubbard, produced and directed by Jill Robinson and 3BM films. I enjoyed piecing together the Elliott Barker/Oak Ridge story. Research into Dr. Barker’s odyssey took me to R. D. Laing: A Life, by Adrian Laing (Sutton, 1994–2006); “Baring the Soul: Paul Bindrim, Abraham Maslow and ‘Nude Psychotherapy,’ ” by Ian Nicholson (Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, vol. 43, no. 4, 2007); and Please Touch, by Jane Howard (McGraw-Hill, 1970). I learned about the Oak Ridge experiment from reading “An Evaluation of a Maximum Security Therapeutic Community for Psychopaths and Other Mentally Disordered Offenders,” by Marnie E.

How PowerPoint Makes You Stupid by Franck Frommer

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, An Inconvenient Truth, business continuity plan, cuban missile crisis, dematerialisation, disinformation, hypertext link, invention of writing, inventory management, invisible hand, Just-in-time delivery, knowledge worker, Larry Ellison, Marshall McLuhan, means of production, new economy, oil shock, Ronald Reagan, Silicon Valley, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, union organizing

This return to favor of the human factor is often attributed to the managerial current derived from the thinking of the human relations school of management created after the 1929 crash as a critique of Taylorism. This school sought to restore the individual to the center of the company’s activities. Its best known representatives are Elton Mayo and Abraham Maslow. 8. According to standard X50-115; see Gilles Garel, Le Management de projet (Paris: La Découverte, 2003), 14. 9. Luc Boltanski and Ève Chiapello, The New Spirit of Capitalism, trans. Gregory Elliott (London: Verso, 2005). 10. Luc Boltanski, “Les changements actuels du capitalisme et la culture du projet,” Cosmopolitiques 22 (June 12, 2006). 11.

Eat People: And Other Unapologetic Rules for Game-Changing Entrepreneurs by Andy Kessler

23andMe, Abraham Maslow, Alan Greenspan, Andy Kessler, bank run, barriers to entry, Bear Stearns, behavioural economics, Berlin Wall, Bob Noyce, bread and circuses, British Empire, business cycle, business process, California gold rush, carbon credits, carbon footprint, Cass Sunstein, cloud computing, collateralized debt obligation, collective bargaining, commoditize, computer age, Cornelius Vanderbilt, creative destruction, disintermediation, Douglas Engelbart, Dutch auction, Eugene Fama: efficient market hypothesis, fiat currency, Firefox, Fractional reserve banking, George Gilder, Gordon Gekko, greed is good, income inequality, invisible hand, James Watt: steam engine, Jeff Bezos, job automation, Joseph Schumpeter, junk bonds, Kickstarter, knowledge economy, knowledge worker, Larry Ellison, libertarian paternalism, low skilled workers, Mark Zuckerberg, McMansion, Michael Milken, Money creation, Netflix Prize, packet switching, personalized medicine, pets.com, prediction markets, pre–internet, profit motive, race to the bottom, Richard Thaler, risk tolerance, risk-adjusted returns, Silicon Valley, six sigma, Skype, social graph, Steve Jobs, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, transcontinental railway, transfer pricing, vertical integration, wealth creators, Yogi Berra

Oh, and by the way, lots of people look at wealth and standards of living in different ways. It’s easy to get fooled. It is too easy for people to get caught up in the touchy-feely stuff. Let’s face it—we don’t, except for a few of my neighbors, live in the Caveman Era anymore. So there are plenty of other “needs”—especially in California. In 1943, psychologist Abraham Maslow defined a hierarchy of needs, in ascending order: (1) physiological/biological needs, (2) safety needs, (3) love, affection, and belongingness/social needs, (4) esteem, and (5) self-actualization. Let others fall into this Maslowian/Feed Your Head trap. Productivity drives living standards and wealth, not actualization—self or otherwise.

Data-Ism: The Revolution Transforming Decision Making, Consumer Behavior, and Almost Everything Else by Steve Lohr

"World Economic Forum" Davos, 23andMe, Abraham Maslow, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, Albert Einstein, Alvin Toffler, Bear Stearns, behavioural economics, big data - Walmart - Pop Tarts, bioinformatics, business cycle, business intelligence, call centre, Carl Icahn, classic study, cloud computing, computer age, conceptual framework, Credit Default Swap, crowdsourcing, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, Danny Hillis, data is the new oil, data science, David Brooks, driverless car, East Village, Edward Snowden, Emanuel Derman, Erik Brynjolfsson, everywhere but in the productivity statistics, financial engineering, Frederick Winslow Taylor, Future Shock, Google Glasses, Ida Tarbell, impulse control, income inequality, indoor plumbing, industrial robot, informal economy, Internet of things, invention of writing, Johannes Kepler, John Markoff, John von Neumann, lifelogging, machine translation, Mark Zuckerberg, market bubble, meta-analysis, money market fund, natural language processing, obamacare, pattern recognition, payday loans, personalized medicine, planned obsolescence, precision agriculture, pre–internet, Productivity paradox, RAND corporation, rising living standards, Robert Gordon, Robert Solow, Salesforce, scientific management, Second Machine Age, self-driving car, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, SimCity, six sigma, skunkworks, speech recognition, statistical model, Steve Jobs, Steven Levy, The Design of Experiments, the scientific method, Thomas Kuhn: the structure of scientific revolutions, Tony Fadell, unbanked and underbanked, underbanked, Von Neumann architecture, Watson beat the top human players on Jeopardy!, yottabyte

One of the most influential was a methodology for identifying different customer markets that came out of SRI International called VALS, for “Values, Attitudes, and Lifestyles.” The system was developed in the late 1970s by a team at the research institute, led by the sociologist Arnold Mitchell. It drew heavily on the earlier research of the sociologist David Riesman, author of The Lonely Crowd, a study of modern conformity, and on the work of the psychologist Abraham Maslow, who viewed behavior as the pursuit of a “hierarchy of needs.” VALS classified people according to nine personality types, including achievers, belongers, sustainers, and societally conscious. Consumer behavior, then, was explained by a mere nine categories. The customer projects Haydock works on are short in length, usually four to eight months, and sharply aimed at a specific challenge the company is struggling with.

The Other Side of Happiness: Embracing a More Fearless Approach to Living by Brock Bastian

Abraham Maslow, classic study, cognitive dissonance, delayed gratification, dematerialisation, Donald Trump, driverless car, helicopter parent, impulse control, income inequality, longitudinal study, meta-analysis, placebo effect, retail therapy, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), Steven Pinker, sugar pill, upwardly mobile, Virgin Galactic, women in the workforce

But it is exactly these elements that both young women overcame, and in so doing their adventures have no doubt led to a great deal of confidence in their own personal ability and self-worth. Painful and stressful experiences are also critically important for our ability to satisfy our higher-order needs. In 1943 Abraham Maslow developed a theory of human motivation that is now one of the best-known theories within psychology.5 He outlined a hierarchy of human needs extending from the most basic physiological needs (e.g. food and water) and the need to feel safe, to higher-order needs such as esteem and self-actualization.

The Little Black Book of Decision Making by Michael Nicholas

Abraham Maslow, Airbnb, Albert Einstein, Apollo 13, call centre, classic study, clockwork universe, cognitive dissonance, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, Donald Trump, Frederick Winslow Taylor, hindsight bias, impulse control, James Dyson, late fees, Mahatma Gandhi, Nelson Mandela, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Richard Feynman, Richard Feynman: Challenger O-ring, scientific management, selection bias, Stephen Hawking

This hind brain deals with automatic reactions, so that we can maximise our ability to cope with what is happening right now, whilst the forebrain is like the captain of the ship, giving us the potential to set a new course: to think, then react. If the Only Tool You Have is a Hammer … Psychologist Abraham Maslow is quoted as saying: “I suppose it is tempting, if the only tool you have is a hammer, to treat everything as if it were a nail.” This is a great metaphor for the idea that anyone armed only with a narrow worldview will tend to want to see problems, and their solutions, through that restricted focus.

The Wealth Dragon Way: The Why, the When and the How to Become Infinitely Wealthy by John Lee

8-hour work day, Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, barriers to entry, Bernie Madoff, butterfly effect, buy low sell high, California gold rush, Donald Trump, financial independence, gentrification, high net worth, high-speed rail, intangible asset, Kickstarter, low interest rates, Mark Zuckerberg, Maslow's hierarchy, multilevel marketing, negative equity, passive income, payday loans, reality distortion field, self-driving car, Snapchat, Stephen Hawking, Steve Jobs, stocks for the long run, stocks for the long term, Tony Hsieh, Y2K

No one is stopping you from getting it; we all have access to it, and, unlike the infinite celestial objects you can see in the night sky, you don't have to build a space rocket to get to it! Financial abundance sounds nice, doesn't it? It's probably a long way off from where you are now, and you have to go through each of the four stages of the path towards infinite wealth to get there (you can't skip any steps), but you can practice the mindset in preparation! The psychologist Abraham Maslow suggested in the 1940s that we have a hierarchy of needs, which we illustrate in a pyramid form in Figure 11.2. His theory stressed that we can't skip a level of the pyramid: If we don't have our basic needs met, we can't get our higher needs met. The same goes for building monetary wealth through the four stages.

Rapt: Attention and the Focused Life by Winifred Gallagher

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, Atul Gawande, behavioural economics, Build a better mousetrap, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, David Brooks, delayed gratification, do what you love, epigenetics, Frank Gehry, fundamental attribution error, Isaac Newton, knowledge worker, longitudinal study, loss aversion, Mahatma Gandhi, McMansion, mirror neurons, music of the spheres, Nelson Mandela, off-the-grid, Paradox of Choice, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Richard Feynman, Rodney Brooks, Ronald Reagan, Silicon Valley, social intelligence, Walter Mischel, zero-sum game

This immersion in outdoors thrills and chills and catch-as-catch-can employment provided Burke with a valuable crash course in the rancher’s hardscrabble, just-manageable way of life to come. THE INSIGHTS INTO rapt attention’s role in human behavior in general and productivity in particular first contributed by James, Hobbs, and Abraham Maslow, who studied “peak experience,” have been greatly expanded by the more recent research on “flow” conducted by the Claremont psychologist Mihály Csíkszentmihályi. This state of “optimal human experience” kicks in when you’re completely focused on doing something that’s both enjoyable and challenging enough to be just manageable.

Ansible for DevOps: Server and Configuration Management for Humans by Jeff Geerling

Abraham Maslow, AGPL, Amazon Web Services, cloud computing, continuous integration, database schema, Debian, defense in depth, DevOps, fault tolerance, Firefox, full text search, Google Chrome, inventory management, loose coupling, microservices, Minecraft, MITM: man-in-the-middle, punch-card reader, Ruby on Rails, web application

This chapter introduced different ways of using include, the power and flexible structure of roles, and how you can utilize Ansible Galaxy, the community repository of configurable Ansible roles that do just about anything. _________________________________________ / When the only tool you own is a hammer, \ | every problem begins to resemble a | \ nail. (Abraham Maslow) / ----------------------------------------- \ ^__^ \ (oo)\_______ (__)\ )\/\ ||----w | || || Chapter 7 - Inventories Earlier in the book, a basic inventory file example was given (see Chapter 1’s basic inventory file example). For the simplest of purposes, an inventory file at the default location (/etc/ansible/hosts) will suffice to describe to Ansible how to reach the servers you want to manage.

Give People Money by Annie Lowrey

Abraham Maslow, affirmative action, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, agricultural Revolution, Airbnb, airport security, autonomous vehicles, barriers to entry, basic income, Bernie Sanders, bitcoin, Black Lives Matter, carbon tax, clean water, collective bargaining, computer age, crowdsourcing, cryptocurrency, deindustrialization, desegregation, Donald Trump, driverless car, Edward Glaeser, Elon Musk, ending welfare as we know it, everywhere but in the productivity statistics, full employment, gender pay gap, gentrification, gig economy, Google Earth, Home mortgage interest deduction, income inequality, indoor plumbing, information asymmetry, Jaron Lanier, jitney, job automation, John Maynard Keynes: Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren, John Maynard Keynes: technological unemployment, Kickstarter, Kodak vs Instagram, labor-force participation, late capitalism, Lyft, M-Pesa, Mahatma Gandhi, Mark Zuckerberg, mass incarceration, McMansion, Menlo Park, mobile money, Modern Monetary Theory, mortgage tax deduction, multilevel marketing, new economy, obamacare, opioid epidemic / opioid crisis, Overton Window, Peter Thiel, post scarcity, post-work, Potemkin village, precariat, public intellectual, randomized controlled trial, ride hailing / ride sharing, Robert Bork, Robert Solow, Ronald Reagan, Rutger Bregman, Sam Altman, self-driving car, Silicon Valley, single-payer health, Steve Jobs, TaskRabbit, tech billionaire, The future is already here, The Future of Employment, theory of mind, total factor productivity, Turing test, two tier labour market, Uber and Lyft, uber lyft, universal basic income, uranium enrichment, War on Poverty, warehouse robotics, Watson beat the top human players on Jeopardy!, We wanted flying cars, instead we got 140 characters, women in the workforce, working poor, World Values Survey, Y Combinator

In Santens’s mind, a UBI is not a salve for a world of technological unemployment, or a powerful antipoverty measure, or a form of social dividend, or a way to boost the earnings of the working poor. Rather, it is all those things and more: a paradigmatic shift that would free people from having to do work that they did not want to do at all. A UBI would, in essence, lop off the bottom of the psychologist Abraham Maslow’s “hierarchy of needs,” where air, food, water, and shelter reside, with self-transcendence up at the other end. A UBI would give people the economic bandwidth to do what they wanted with their lives, he says. Let the robots do the dirty work. Let the people do what they want. “We are not facing a future without work.

Company of One: Why Staying Small Is the Next Big Thing for Business by Paul Jarvis

Abraham Maslow, Airbnb, big-box store, Boeing 747, Cal Newport, call centre, content marketing, corporate social responsibility, David Heinemeier Hansson, digital nomad, drop ship, effective altruism, Elon Musk, en.wikipedia.org, endowment effect, follow your passion, fulfillment center, gender pay gap, glass ceiling, growth hacking, Inbox Zero, independent contractor, index fund, job automation, Kickstarter, Lyft, Mark Zuckerberg, Naomi Klein, passive investing, Paul Graham, pets.com, remote work: asynchronous communication, remote working, Results Only Work Environment, ride hailing / ride sharing, Ruby on Rails, Salesforce, Sheryl Sandberg, side project, Silicon Valley, Skype, Snapchat, social bookmarking, software as a service, Steve Jobs, supply-chain management, TED Talk, Tim Cook: Apple, too big to fail, uber lyft, web application, William MacAskill, Y Combinator, Y2K

Something as simple as a thirty-second video welcoming a customer to a product has real capacity to build goodwill, social capital, and genuine connection between a customer and a company. McGill University feels so strongly that deep relationships are required with customers that they actually teach several courses and workshops on the subject. Matthew Lieberman, a professor of social cognitive neuroscience at UCLA, even goes so far as to suggest that Abraham Maslow had it quite wrong in his pyramidal hierarchy of needs when he specified physiological needs and the need for safety as humans’ most basic needs. Instead, in Lieberman’s estimation, belonging and connection, which Maslow defines as psychological needs, are our most basic need and should be at the bottom of the pyramid, because humans are wired to connect with each other.

Scrum: The Art of Doing Twice the Work in Half the Time by Jeff Sutherland, Jj Sutherland

Abraham Maslow, Baxter: Rethink Robotics, business cycle, call centre, clean water, death of newspapers, fail fast, fundamental attribution error, Kaizen: continuous improvement, knowledge worker, meta-analysis, Milgram experiment, minimum viable product, pets.com, RAND corporation, rent-seeking, Richard Feynman, Rodney Brooks, Salesforce, Shai Danziger, Silicon Valley, Tony Hsieh, Toyota Production System, work culture

It empowers people to change themselves and attaches an incentive to doing so. Remember the Fundamental Attribution Error? When you’re surrounded by assholes, don’t look for bad people; look for bad systems that reward them for acting that way. Then you use the Happiness Metric to fix it. In high school or college many of us studied the American psychologist Abraham Maslow’s “hierarchy of needs.” It laid out, in pyramid form, the needs that humans take care of first and then those that become more pressing as lower ones are satisfied. At the pyramid’s base are physiological needs: air, water, food, clothing, and shelter. If we don’t have those, we can’t even begin to think about anything else.

Measure What Matters: How Google, Bono, and the Gates Foundation Rock the World With OKRs by John Doerr

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, Big Tech, Bob Noyce, cloud computing, collaborative editing, commoditize, crowdsourcing, data science, fail fast, Fairchild Semiconductor, Firefox, Frederick Winslow Taylor, Google Chrome, Google Earth, Google X / Alphabet X, Haight Ashbury, hockey-stick growth, intentional community, Jeff Bezos, job satisfaction, Khan Academy, knowledge worker, Mary Meeker, Menlo Park, meta-analysis, PageRank, Paul Buchheit, Ray Kurzweil, risk tolerance, Salesforce, scientific management, self-driving car, Sheryl Sandberg, side project, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, Skype, Steve Jobs, Steven Levy, subscription business, Susan Wojcicki, web application, Yogi Berra, éminence grise

Leaders must ask themselves: What type of company do we need to be in the coming year? Agile and daring, to crack a new market—or more conservative and operational, to firm up our existing position? Are we in survival mode, or is there cash on hand to bet big for a big reward? What does our business require, right now? Our Need to Stretch Andy Grove was a fan of Abraham Maslow, the mid-twentieth-century psychologist best known for his “hierarchy of needs.” According to Maslow, only after we satisfy more basic concerns—starting with food and shelter, then safety, then “love” and “belongingness”—can we move to higher-level motivations. At the top of Maslow’s pyramid stands the need for “self-actualization”: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs represented as a pyramid, with more basic needs at the base.

Just Listen: Discover the Secret to Getting Through to Absolutely Anyone by Mark Goulston M. D., Keith Ferrazzi

Abraham Maslow, do well by doing good, hiring and firing, index card, Jeff Bezos, Leonard Kleinrock, Mikhail Gorbachev, mirror neurons, Ronald Reagan, zero-sum game

Once you’re used this exercise to open your mind, schedule a meeting or a lunch with the person—and see if you can find out the real reason for the problem behaviors you see. 5 MAKE THE OTHER PERSON FEEL “FELT” Self-actualizing people have a deep feeling of identification, sympathy, and affection for human beings in general. They feel kinship and connection, as if all people were members of a single family. —ABRAHAM MASLOW, PSYCHOLOGIST “How much longer will this take? I’ve got better things to do,” grunted Hank, a gray-haired senior partner at a prestigious LA. boutique entertainment law firm. I’d been called in to smooth out the relationship between Hank and Audrey, another senior partner. Audrey, whose name preceded Hank’s on the door, brought in most of the firm’s business.

Branding Your Business: Promoting Your Business, Attracting Customers and Standing Out in the Market Place by James Hammond

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, call centre, Donald Trump, intangible asset, James Dyson, Jeff Bezos, low interest rates, market design, Nelson Mandela, Pepsi Challenge, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Steve Jobs, the market place

It might even be to fix an ornament, a trophy, a family heirloom. . . something that draws an emotive benefit each time it is viewed. The USP of yesteryear has become the ESP (Emotional Selling Point) of today. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs Why has the emphasis shifted so much towards creating emotional benefits for today’s customers? In 1943 the psychologist Abraham Maslow proposed a theory for human motivation and established what he called his ‘Hierarchy of Human Needs’. Maslow believed that, as humans, we seek to satisfy successively ‘higher’ needs that occupy a set hierarchy, and used a pyramid (see Figure 2.3) to show how these needs are prioritised into five different levels: self-fulfilment Figure 2.3 Feature, tangible benefit and emotional benefit Branding the heart as well as the head 39  physiological needs: basics such as food, drink, shelter, sleep and     sexual activity; safety needs: physical security, security of employment, security of revenues and resources, law and order (security of personal property against crime), family security and health security; belongingness, love and social needs: the need for love and affection, relationships, a supportive and communicative family, belongingness to a group and sexual intimacy; esteem needs: the need for self-esteem, self-respect, self-mastery and independence, plus dominance, prestige, and the need for both respect and esteem from others; self-actualisation needs: the desire for personal growth, integration, and finding self-fulfilment through realising one’s potential.

Virus of the Mind by Richard Brodie

Abraham Maslow, cognitive dissonance, disinformation, Douglas Hofstadter, Dr. Strangelove, Gödel, Escher, Bach, joint-stock company, multilevel marketing, New Journalism, phenotype, Ponzi scheme, profit motive, publish or perish, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Richard Feynman, Stephen Hawking, Steven Levy

Now, there are an infinite variety of life purposes; and in fact there are plenty of cults, corporations, and other mind viruses happy to give you one that serves their own purposes. I would suggest you select a “higher” purpose for yourself that maximizes your fulfillment and enjoyment in life. Psychologists and psychiatrists such as Abraham Maslow and Viktor Frankl have noticed that when people are willing or forced to stop worrying about such issues as their own survival and imminent crises, they have another set of drives, referred to alternately as “higher purpose,” “calling,” or “self-actualization.” Where did these drives come from?

The 80/20 Principle: The Secret to Achieving More With Less by Richard Koch

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, always be closing, Apple Newton, barriers to entry, business cycle, business process, delayed gratification, fear of failure, Ford Model T, Great Leap Forward, income inequality, inventory management, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, knowledge worker, profit maximization, rolodex, Ronald Reagan, Salesforce, The future is already here, Vilfredo Pareto, wage slave

What belongs in this box is anything that is truly important to our lives, whether it is work, our personal relationships, what we wish to achieve, the hobby that gives us immense pleasure, or anything else that fulfills us and will give us consolation on our deathbed. When we look back on our life to date, and look forward to our life to come, and enjoy our life as it is in the current moment, anything that gives us a warm glow and makes us feel glad to be alive—all of that falls into the life-enhancing box. What the great American industrial psychologist Abraham Maslow labelled “hygiene factors”—food, shelter, material needs—are important when they are not met, but relatively unimportant once they have been satisfied. The hygiene factors, in my terms, fall into the efficiency box and require a 20 percent solution, the most productive solution with the least expenditure of life energy.

The Happiness Industry: How the Government and Big Business Sold Us Well-Being by William Davies

"Friedman doctrine" OR "shareholder theory", "World Economic Forum" Davos, 1960s counterculture, Abraham Maslow, Airbnb, behavioural economics, business intelligence, business logic, corporate governance, data science, dematerialisation, experimental subject, Exxon Valdez, Frederick Winslow Taylor, Gini coefficient, income inequality, intangible asset, invisible hand, joint-stock company, Leo Hollis, lifelogging, market bubble, mental accounting, military-industrial complex, nudge unit, Panopticon Jeremy Bentham, Philip Mirowski, power law, profit maximization, randomized controlled trial, Richard Thaler, road to serfdom, Ronald Coase, Ronald Reagan, science of happiness, scientific management, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), sentiment analysis, sharing economy, Slavoj Žižek, smart cities, Smart Cities: Big Data, Civic Hackers, and the Quest for a New Utopia, social contagion, social intelligence, Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits, Steve Jobs, TED Talk, The Chicago School, The Spirit Level, theory of mind, urban planning, Vilfredo Pareto, W. E. B. Du Bois, you are the product

At its most primitive, the legacy of the 1960s is that more is necessarily preferable to less. To grow is to progress. Regardless of what one wants, desires, or believes, it is best that one gets as much of it as possible. This belief in growth as a good-in-itself was made explicit by some subcultures and psychological movements. Humanistic psychology, as advanced by Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers, attempted to reorient psychology – and society at large – away from principles of normalization and towards the quest for ever greater fulfilment.9 Individuals were perceived to be hemmed in by the dull conformity of 1950s culture, which blocked their capacity to grow. To assume that there was a ‘natural’ or ‘moral’ limit to personal growth was to fall back into repressive traditions.

Brave New Work: Are You Ready to Reinvent Your Organization? by Aaron Dignan

"Friedman doctrine" OR "shareholder theory", Abraham Maslow, activist fund / activist shareholder / activist investor, adjacent possible, Airbnb, Albert Einstein, autonomous vehicles, basic income, benefit corporation, Bertrand Russell: In Praise of Idleness, bitcoin, Black Lives Matter, Black Swan, blockchain, Buckminster Fuller, Burning Man, butterfly effect, cashless society, Clayton Christensen, clean water, cognitive bias, cognitive dissonance, content marketing, corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, correlation does not imply causation, creative destruction, crony capitalism, crowdsourcing, cryptocurrency, David Heinemeier Hansson, deliberate practice, DevOps, disruptive innovation, don't be evil, Elon Musk, endowment effect, Ethereum, ethereum blockchain, financial engineering, Frederick Winslow Taylor, fulfillment center, future of work, gender pay gap, Geoffrey West, Santa Fe Institute, gig economy, Goodhart's law, Google X / Alphabet X, hiring and firing, hive mind, holacracy, impact investing, income inequality, information asymmetry, Internet of things, Jeff Bezos, job satisfaction, Kanban, Kevin Kelly, Kickstarter, Lean Startup, loose coupling, loss aversion, Lyft, Marc Andreessen, Mark Zuckerberg, minimum viable product, mirror neurons, new economy, Paul Graham, Quicken Loans, race to the bottom, reality distortion field, remote working, Richard Thaler, Rochdale Principles, Salesforce, scientific management, shareholder value, side hustle, Silicon Valley, single source of truth, six sigma, smart contracts, Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits, software is eating the world, source of truth, Stanford marshmallow experiment, Steve Jobs, subprime mortgage crisis, systems thinking, TaskRabbit, TED Talk, The future is already here, the High Line, too big to fail, Toyota Production System, Tragedy of the Commons, uber lyft, universal basic income, WeWork, Y Combinator, zero-sum game

There may be said to be two classes of people in the world; those who constantly divide the people of the world into two classes, and those who do not. —Robert Benchley The minority view, the one held by FAVI, Buurtzorg, and Evolutionary Organizations everywhere, contends that we have an innate desire to fulfill our potential and self-actualize. Rooted in the work of psychologists such as Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers, this view maintains that people are naturally motivated and capable of self-direction. That we are worthy of trust and respect. And importantly, that we are all chameleons, capable of suppressing or distorting our true nature depending on our environment and social context. Ultimately, the People Positive leader believes that when it comes to human beings, we show up the way we are expected to show up—the way we are treated.

The New Economics: A Bigger Picture by David Boyle, Andrew Simms

Abraham Maslow, Alan Greenspan, Alvin Toffler, Apollo 11, Asian financial crisis, back-to-the-land, banking crisis, behavioural economics, Bernie Madoff, Big bang: deregulation of the City of London, Bonfire of the Vanities, Bretton Woods, capital controls, carbon footprint, carbon tax, clean water, collateralized debt obligation, colonial rule, Community Supported Agriculture, congestion charging, corporate raider, corporate social responsibility, credit crunch, Credit Default Swap, credit default swaps / collateralized debt obligations, Crossrail, delayed gratification, deskilling, digital divide, en.wikipedia.org, energy transition, financial deregulation, financial exclusion, financial innovation, full employment, garden city movement, Glass-Steagall Act, green new deal, happiness index / gross national happiness, if you build it, they will come, income inequality, informal economy, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Jane Jacobs, John Elkington, junk bonds, Kickstarter, land bank, land reform, light touch regulation, loss aversion, mega-rich, microcredit, Mikhail Gorbachev, Money creation, mortgage debt, neoliberal agenda, new economy, North Sea oil, Northern Rock, offshore financial centre, oil shock, peak oil, pension time bomb, pensions crisis, profit motive, purchasing power parity, quantitative easing, Ronald Reagan, seigniorage, Simon Kuznets, sovereign wealth fund, special drawing rights, systems thinking, the long tail, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, Thomas L Friedman, too big to fail, trickle-down economics, Vilfredo Pareto, Washington Consensus, wealth creators, working-age population

New economics accepts that markets exist – that much is obvious – but denies that these markets are simply a matter of price. There is nothing special about money, and concentrating only on the role that money plays fails to describe our decisions very clearly. In fact, any of the human needs described in the ‘hierarchy of needs’ set out by the radical psychologist Abraham Maslow are likely to be involved in the highly complex decisions we make. One reason why the version of classical economics our rulers use gets it wrong so consistently is that it fails to understand why people behave the way they do, and the changes in our behaviour when those motivations change. Economics simply has to describe the world accurately.

Stuffocation by James Wallman

3D printing, Abraham Maslow, Adam Curtis, Airbnb, Alvin Toffler, back-to-the-land, Berlin Wall, big-box store, Black Swan, BRICs, carbon footprint, Cass Sunstein, clean water, collaborative consumption, commoditize, creative destruction, crowdsourcing, David Brooks, Fall of the Berlin Wall, Future Shock, Great Leap Forward, happiness index / gross national happiness, hedonic treadmill, high net worth, income inequality, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), James Hargreaves, Joseph Schumpeter, Kitchen Debate, Martin Wolf, mass immigration, McMansion, means of production, Nate Silver, Occupy movement, Paul Samuelson, planned obsolescence, post-industrial society, post-materialism, public intellectual, retail therapy, Richard Florida, Richard Thaler, sharing economy, Silicon Valley, Simon Kuznets, Skype, spinning jenny, Streisand effect, The future is already here, The Signal and the Noise by Nate Silver, The Theory of the Leisure Class by Thorstein Veblen, Thorstein Veblen, Tyler Cowen, Tyler Cowen: Great Stagnation, World Values Survey, Zipcar

For updates since then, see Ronald Inglehart, “Changing Values among Western Publics from 1970 to 2006”, West European Politics Vol. 31, Nos. 1–2, January–March 2008; also, the World Values Survey (www.worldvaluessurvey.org). Many make sense of the shift to less materialistic values by referring to Abraham Maslow, “A Theory of Human Motivation”, Psychological Review Vol. 50, No. 4, 1943. Also, read about a generational shift to post-materialism in David Brooks, “The Experience Economy”, New York Times, 14 February 2011. Advertising agency research This research was conducted by an advertising agency called Euro RSCG Worldwide, which, in the time it’s taken me to write the book, has become Havas Worldwide.

Dark Summit: The True Story of Everest's Most Controversial Season by Nick Heil

Abraham Maslow, airport security, British Empire, invisible hand, rent control, trade route

Additional details regarding the death of Thomas Weber can be found on sightoneverest.com and 7summits.com. Epilogue My own thinking about the motivations driving human behavior, at any altitude, was profoundly impacted by Robert Wright’s The Moral Animal. Other writers, thinkers, and journalists whose big ideas will be detected here include Joseph Campbell, Bill Moyers, and Abraham Maslow. For a deeper clarification of the way organized agencies involved in mountaineering view the role of ethics in climbing, I turned to the 2002 Tyrol Declaration, as adopted by the American Alpine Club in 2002, and intended to provide a manifesto for behavior and decision making among those involved in the sport (http://www.americanalpineclub.org/pdfs/aaj/AAJ_2003_Tyrol_Decalaration.pdf).

The Art of Rest: How to Find Respite in the Modern Age by Claudia Hammond

Abraham Maslow, Anton Chekhov, conceptual framework, correlation does not imply causation, Desert Island Discs, Donald Trump, El Camino Real, iterative process, Kickstarter, lifelogging, longitudinal study, Menlo Park, meta-analysis, Milgram experiment, moral panic, overview effect, Stephen Hawking, The Spirit Level, The Theory of the Leisure Class by Thorstein Veblen, The Wisdom of Crowds, theory of mind, Thorstein Veblen

Our key relationship may be with a partner, or we may live alone. Either way, the chances are that we are much less likely to feel lonely when we’re alone if we have a strong human attachment to someone. The person or persons to whom we have that attachment don’t need to be physically present all the time, but we need to know we can turn to them. Abraham Maslow is the psychologist who was famous for his hierarchy of needs, often drawn as a pyramid with basic things like food and shelter, which are essential for survival, at the bottom of the pyramid and the higher needs such as love and esteem stacked up above. The happiest people of all get right to the top of the pyramid, where they achieve ‘self-actualisation’.

The Airbnb Story: How Three Ordinary Guys Disrupted an Industry, Made Billions...and Created Plenty of Controversy by Leigh Gallagher

Abraham Maslow, Airbnb, Amazon Web Services, barriers to entry, Ben Horowitz, Bernie Sanders, Blitzscaling, cloud computing, crowdsourcing, data science, don't be evil, Donald Trump, East Village, Elon Musk, fixed-gear, gentrification, geopolitical risk, growth hacking, Hacker News, hockey-stick growth, housing crisis, iterative process, Jeff Bezos, John Zimmer (Lyft cofounder), Jony Ive, Justin.tv, Lyft, Marc Andreessen, Marc Benioff, Mark Zuckerberg, medical residency, Menlo Park, Network effects, Paul Buchheit, Paul Graham, performance metric, Peter Thiel, RFID, Salesforce, Sam Altman, Sand Hill Road, Saturday Night Live, sharing economy, Sheryl Sandberg, side project, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, South of Market, San Francisco, Startup school, Steve Jobs, TaskRabbit, TED Talk, the payments system, Tony Hsieh, traumatic brain injury, Travis Kalanick, uber lyft, Y Combinator, yield management

The book’s author was Chip Conley, the founder of the Joie de Vivre boutique hotel chain, which he started in San Francisco in 1987. He grew it to thirty-eight boutique hotels, mostly in California, and then sold a majority stake in 2010. Over time, Conley himself had become something of a guru. In Peak, he explained how he had saved his company in the wake of 9/11 and the dot-com bust by applying the psychologist Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs—the pyramid of physical and psychological needs humans must have met in order to achieve their full potential, with food and water at the bottom and self-actualization at the top—to corporate and individual transformation. Chesky saw in Conley’s writing both business and hotel-industry savvy and perhaps a kindred spirit of idealism (Conley talked about wanting his hotel guests to check out three days later as a “better version of themselves”).

The Impulse Society: America in the Age of Instant Gratification by Paul Roberts

"Friedman doctrine" OR "shareholder theory", 2013 Report for America's Infrastructure - American Society of Civil Engineers - 19 March 2013, 3D printing, Abraham Maslow, accounting loophole / creative accounting, activist fund / activist shareholder / activist investor, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, Alan Greenspan, American Society of Civil Engineers: Report Card, AOL-Time Warner, asset allocation, business cycle, business process, carbon tax, Carl Icahn, Cass Sunstein, centre right, choice architecture, classic study, collateralized debt obligation, collective bargaining, computerized trading, corporate governance, corporate raider, corporate social responsibility, creative destruction, crony capitalism, David Brooks, delayed gratification, disruptive innovation, double helix, Evgeny Morozov, factory automation, financial deregulation, financial engineering, financial innovation, fixed income, Ford Model T, full employment, game design, Glass-Steagall Act, greed is good, If something cannot go on forever, it will stop - Herbert Stein's Law, impulse control, income inequality, inflation targeting, insecure affluence, invisible hand, It's morning again in America, job automation, John Markoff, Joseph Schumpeter, junk bonds, knowledge worker, late fees, Long Term Capital Management, loss aversion, low interest rates, low skilled workers, mass immigration, Michael Shellenberger, new economy, Nicholas Carr, obamacare, Occupy movement, oil shale / tar sands, performance metric, postindustrial economy, profit maximization, Report Card for America’s Infrastructure, reshoring, Richard Thaler, rising living standards, Robert Shiller, Rodney Brooks, Ronald Reagan, shareholder value, Silicon Valley, speech recognition, Steve Jobs, stock buybacks, technological determinism, technological solutionism, technoutopianism, Ted Nordhaus, the built environment, the long tail, The Predators' Ball, the scientific method, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, Thorstein Veblen, too big to fail, total factor productivity, Tyler Cowen, Tyler Cowen: Great Stagnation, value engineering, Walter Mischel, winner-take-all economy

If that loyalty came at the expense of individual freedom, Ehrenhalt writes, it brought us a critical sense of personal security, by way of “communities that were, for the most part, familiar and secure; stable jobs and relationships whose survival we did not need to worry about in bed at night; rules that we could live by, or, when we were old enough, rebel against; and people known as leaders who were trusted with the task of seeing that the rules were enforced.”27 None of which would have surprised social scientists of the time, particularly the “humanist” scholars such as psychologist Abraham Maslow. In the 1940s and 1950s, Maslow had developed a theory of human motivation dubbed the “hierarchy of needs,” which posited a critical link between material progress and enlightened social behavior. Maslow’s argument was simple: as individuals become more able to satisfy basic needs, such as food or shelter or physical security, their ambitions turn naturally and ineluctably toward higher aspirations, such as love and community standing, until eventually they reach their full human potential.

Making It All Work: Winning at the Game of Work and the Business of Life by David Allen

Abraham Maslow, cognitive dissonance, index card, Kickstarter, knowledge worker, shareholder value, Skype, telemarketer

Getting clear about your goals for the following year can certainly be inspirational, at least in the off-site meeting, but it seldom gives rise to the motivation to go clean up your in-basket, your e-mail, and your head, let alone install a process to keep them that way. Trying to get a senior team enthusiastic about long-term goals and strategies when there is a major cash flow crisis not being addressed does not have much chance of being successful. The great psychologist Abraham Maslow had it right—the survival aspect of life and work must be addressed before humans have any capacity for dealing with matters of a loftier nature. But survival mode in the psyche is often not nearly as evident as its physical counterpart. I have witnessed many clients in whom the outer appearances of stability and order have masked a serious undercurrent of insecurity and vulnerability, and with whom attempts to do bigger-picture thinking and alignment could simply gain no footing.

Ground Control: Fear and Happiness in the Twenty First Century City by Anna Minton

"there is no alternative" (TINA), Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, Berlin Wall, Big bang: deregulation of the City of London, Boris Johnson, Broken windows theory, call centre, crack epidemic, credit crunch, deindustrialization, East Village, energy security, Evgeny Morozov, Francis Fukuyama: the end of history, gentrification, ghettoisation, high-speed rail, hiring and firing, housing crisis, illegal immigration, invisible hand, Jane Jacobs, Jaron Lanier, Kickstarter, moral panic, new economy, New Urbanism, race to the bottom, rent control, Richard Florida, Right to Buy, Silicon Valley, Steven Pinker, the built environment, The Death and Life of Great American Cities, The Spirit Level, trickle-down economics, University of East Anglia, urban decay, urban renewal, white flight, white picket fence, World Values Survey, young professional

This journey across the Atlantic taken by American ideas, from policies on welfare to zero tolerance, is described by academics as ‘fast policy transfer’ or ‘policy tourism’. BIDs are a way of running the city which is based on the type of management models taught at business school. It relies on a set of instructions organized according to the pyramid structure made famous by the positive psychologist Abraham Maslow, who is often described as the father of management psychology. Maslow’s ‘hierarchy of needs’ created a diagram relating to what was needed for human survival, with the first layer of the pyramid centring on basic physiological needs such as breathing, food, water, sleep and sex. Subsequent levels focused on safety, love and esteem, culminating in self-actualization at the peak.

Exploring the World of Lucid Dreaming by Stephen Laberge PHD

Abraham Maslow, active measures, Albert Einstein, classic study, heat death of the universe, Howard Rheingold, Menlo Park, tacit knowledge, the map is not the territory

Motivation and perception Another important factor that influences perception is motivation. Our motivations are our reason for doing things. There are many different kinds of motivation, ranging from the most basic drives like hunger, thirst, and sex, to psychological needs like affection, recognition, and self-esteem, and finally to the highest motives, such as altruism and what Abraham Maslow called self- actualization, the need to fulfill one’s unique potential. It is likely that all of these levels of motivation can affect perceptual processes. The influence of the lower levels of motivation is easiest to study. For example, in one experiment, children were asked to estimate the size of coins.

I, Warbot: The Dawn of Artificially Intelligent Conflict by Kenneth Payne

Abraham Maslow, AI winter, Alan Turing: On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem, AlphaGo, anti-communist, Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic, artificial general intelligence, Asperger Syndrome, augmented reality, Automated Insights, autonomous vehicles, backpropagation, Black Lives Matter, Bletchley Park, Boston Dynamics, classic study, combinatorial explosion, computer age, computer vision, Computing Machinery and Intelligence, coronavirus, COVID-19, CRISPR, cuban missile crisis, data science, deep learning, deepfake, DeepMind, delayed gratification, Demis Hassabis, disinformation, driverless car, drone strike, dual-use technology, Elon Musk, functional programming, Geoffrey Hinton, Google X / Alphabet X, Internet of things, job automation, John Nash: game theory, John von Neumann, Kickstarter, language acquisition, loss aversion, machine translation, military-industrial complex, move 37, mutually assured destruction, Nash equilibrium, natural language processing, Nick Bostrom, Norbert Wiener, nuclear taboo, nuclear winter, OpenAI, paperclip maximiser, pattern recognition, RAND corporation, ransomware, risk tolerance, Ronald Reagan, self-driving car, semantic web, side project, Silicon Valley, South China Sea, speech recognition, Stanislav Petrov, stem cell, Stephen Hawking, Steve Jobs, strong AI, Stuxnet, technological determinism, TED Talk, theory of mind, TikTok, Turing machine, Turing test, uranium enrichment, urban sprawl, V2 rocket, Von Neumann architecture, Wall-E, zero-sum game

To put the various skills together creatively, we have to want to put the effort in; and to understand what needs to be done, at some level deeper than the immediate gratification of value given by a reward like the score in a game. We are highly motivated by the search for meaning. We are, in a word, curious. In the 1940s, the psychologist Abraham Maslow proposed a ‘hierarchy’ of human needs, in a pyramid shaped diagram that has achieved enduring fame among generations of social science students.9 At the base of his pyramid were physiological needs, like food and water, sleep, shelter and so on. At the apex, the more intangible need for ‘self-actualisation’, which Maslow suggested could come from achieving one’s potential, including through creative activities.

Rough Sleepers: Dr. Jim O'Connell's Urgent Mission to Bring Healing to Homeless People by Tracy Kidder

Abraham Maslow, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, bank run, coronavirus, feminist movement, fixed income, gentrification, income inequality, Jane Jacobs, medical residency, meta-analysis, military-industrial complex, obamacare, San Francisco homelessness, The Death and Life of Great American Cities, The Soul of a New Machine, War on Poverty

Sometimes we do it in an ignorance way.” To hear Tony talk, you realized that during his years in prison he had joined a long tradition of self-educated inmates, reading widely and eclectically, and with an enthusiasm unspoiled by intellectual snobbery. Tony liked suspenseful action and adventure novels, and also Freud and Jung. Abraham Maslow was a special favorite. “I related to him a lot. Reading the Bible about the Romans and stuff. Maslow would relate the verses in the Bible, he would break them down, how certain phrases in the Bible is a form of psychology that we practice today.” Then he asked me, “Ever read the psychologist Watson?”

Risk Management in Trading by Davis Edwards

Abraham Maslow, asset allocation, asset-backed security, backtesting, Bear Stearns, Black-Scholes formula, Brownian motion, business cycle, computerized trading, correlation coefficient, Credit Default Swap, discrete time, diversified portfolio, financial engineering, fixed income, Glass-Steagall Act, global macro, implied volatility, intangible asset, interest rate swap, iterative process, John Meriwether, junk bonds, London Whale, Long Term Capital Management, low interest rates, margin call, Myron Scholes, Nick Leeson, p-value, paper trading, pattern recognition, proprietary trading, random walk, risk free rate, risk tolerance, risk/return, selection bias, shareholder value, Sharpe ratio, short selling, statistical arbitrage, statistical model, stochastic process, systematic trading, time value of money, transaction costs, value at risk, Wiener process, zero-coupon bond

The counterparty will make an adjustment to their trading positions to estimate the decreased loss, but no adjustment will be made to your own books and records. D. Insufficient information is provided to answer the question. Afterword If you only have a hammer, you tend to see every problem as a nail. —Abraham Maslow R isk management is a tool. Like all tools, it is better suited for some jobs than other jobs. At the end of the day, whether risk management helps or hurts an organization depends on how it is used. Some firms use risk management techniques as a core part of their business and find great benefit from it.

Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World by Adam Grant

"World Economic Forum" Davos, Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, Apple's 1984 Super Bowl advert, availability heuristic, barriers to entry, behavioural economics, Bluma Zeigarnik, business process, business process outsourcing, Cass Sunstein, classic study, clean water, cognitive dissonance, creative destruction, cuban missile crisis, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, Dean Kamen, double helix, Elon Musk, emotional labour, fear of failure, Firefox, George Santayana, Ignaz Semmelweis: hand washing, information security, Jeff Bezos, Jeff Hawkins, job satisfaction, job-hopping, Joseph Schumpeter, Kevin Roose, Kickstarter, Lean Startup, Louis Pasteur, Mahatma Gandhi, Mark Zuckerberg, meta-analysis, minimum viable product, Neil Armstrong, Nelson Mandela, Network effects, off-the-grid, PalmPilot, pattern recognition, Paul Graham, Peter Thiel, Ralph Waldo Emerson, random walk, risk tolerance, Rosa Parks, Saturday Night Live, Sheryl Sandberg, Silicon Valley, Skype, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, Steven Pinker, TED Talk, The Wisdom of Crowds, women in the workforce

After imagining his own rules of language, grammar, and punctuation in his early twenties, by age fifty, as one critic remarked, “Cummings is still the experimentalist of one experiment. The fascinating thing about Cummings is that he is always talking about growth, and always remains the same.” Later, when Cummings was sixty-five, another reviewer commented that “Cummings is a daringly original poet,” but “his books are all exactly alike.” As psychologist Abraham Maslow noted, when you have a hammer, everything looks like a nail. Conversely, while experimental innovation can require years or decades to accumulate the requisite knowledge and skill, it becomes a more sustainable source of originality. It took Roger Sperry years to conduct experiments with split-brain cats and human patients to determine how the brain hemispheres worked.

Future Files: A Brief History of the Next 50 Years by Richard Watson

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, bank run, banking crisis, battle of ideas, Black Swan, call centre, carbon credits, carbon footprint, carbon tax, cashless society, citizen journalism, commoditize, computer age, computer vision, congestion charging, corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, deglobalization, digital Maoism, digital nomad, disintermediation, driverless car, epigenetics, failed state, financial innovation, Firefox, food miles, Ford Model T, future of work, Future Shock, global pandemic, global supply chain, global village, hive mind, hobby farmer, industrial robot, invention of the telegraph, Jaron Lanier, Jeff Bezos, knowledge economy, lateral thinking, linked data, low cost airline, low skilled workers, M-Pesa, mass immigration, Northern Rock, Paradox of Choice, peak oil, pensions crisis, precautionary principle, precision agriculture, prediction markets, Ralph Nader, Ray Kurzweil, rent control, RFID, Richard Florida, self-driving car, speech recognition, synthetic biology, telepresence, the scientific method, The Wisdom of Crowds, Thomas Kuhn: the structure of scientific revolutions, Turing test, Victor Gruen, Virgin Galactic, white flight, women in the workforce, work culture , Zipcar

I expect that anxiety will accelerate and deepen too, in the sense that fear will be networked globally due to the level of connectedness. This blanket of fear will be comforting for some people because it will justify non-intervention. For the rest of us the only solution to this insecurity will be our enduring sense of hope and, ironically, our ability to change. A search for meaning According to Abraham Maslow’s theory of human motivation, once our basic biological needs (food, water, sleep etc.) have been met we seek to satisfy a number of progressively higher needs. These range from safety through love and belonging to status and self-esteem. At the very top of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is self-actualization.

A Year of Living Danishly: My Twelve Months Unearthing the Secrets of the World's Happiest Country by Helen Russell

Abraham Maslow, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, death from overwork, do what you love, Downton Abbey, happiness index / gross national happiness, income inequality, job satisfaction, karōshi / gwarosa / guolaosi, Kickstarter, microdosing, obamacare, offshore financial centre, remote working, retail therapy, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), sensible shoes, Silicon Valley, Skype, Stephen Fry, Stephen Hawking, work culture

When the time comes, Little Red can start at a vuggestue or dagplejer with other under-threes where he’ll get to play and create and learn, with 75 per cent of the cost picked up by the state. This means that Lego Man and I can both afford to continue with our careers far more easily than we could in countries where childcare is akin to bankruptcy. US psychologist Abraham Maslow said that there was a five-tier hierarchy of human needs, each of which needed to be met before you could move on to worrying about other things, culminating in the hallowed goal of ‘self-actualisation’. These needs started with the ‘physiological’ (the basics: food, water, sleep etc.), followed by ‘safety’ (security of body, health and employment).

The 5 AM Club: Own Your Morning. Elevate Your Life. by Robin Sharma

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, dematerialisation, epigenetics, fake news, Grace Hopper, hedonic treadmill, impulse control, index card, invisible hand, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Kickstarter, Lao Tzu, large denomination, Mahatma Gandhi, Menlo Park, mirror neurons, Nelson Mandela, New Journalism, Rosa Parks, telemarketer, white picket fence

We absolutely must venture into those unexplored places where possibility lives to become more intimate with our primal genius and to become all we are meant to be. Knowing we have higher reaches of talent and courage left to visit floods a human heart with immense excitement. This knowledge is one of the vast treasures that make life worth living. The celebrated psychologist Abraham Maslow once stated, ‘If you plan on being anything less than who you are capable of being, you will probably be unhappy all the days of your life.’ But the amygdala kicks into high gear as we exit what’s familiar and try something new. The vagus nerve gets provoked, the fear hormone cortisol gets released.

The Mutant Project: Inside the Global Race to Genetically Modify Humans by Eben Kirksey

23andMe, Abraham Maslow, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, Albert Einstein, Bernie Sanders, bioinformatics, bitcoin, Black Lives Matter, blockchain, Buckminster Fuller, clean water, coronavirus, COVID-19, CRISPR, cryptocurrency, data acquisition, deep learning, Deng Xiaoping, Donald Trump, double helix, epigenetics, Ethereum, ethereum blockchain, experimental subject, fake news, gentrification, George Floyd, Jeff Bezos, lockdown, Mark Zuckerberg, megacity, microdosing, moral panic, move fast and break things, personalized medicine, phenotype, placebo effect, randomized controlled trial, Recombinant DNA, Shenzhen special economic zone , Shenzhen was a fishing village, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley billionaire, Skype, special economic zone, statistical model, stem cell, surveillance capitalism, tech billionaire, technological determinism, upwardly mobile, urban planning, young professional

He asked: What should we do with gene editing? Watson simply said: Make people better. Dr. He’s team was testing out the CRISPR technology in human embryos and then sequencing their DNA to see if it could reliably produce genetic changes. It was as if he misinterpreted a famous quote from the esteemed psychologist Abraham Maslow: “If the only tool you have is a hammer, it is tempting to treat everything as if it were a nail.”3 Amidst all of the other genetic engineering tools at his disposal, Dr. He was trying out CRISPR. He was searching for a good target in the genome to hit. Initially, the lab focused on a gene associated with cholesterol, called PCSK9.

Decoding the World: A Roadmap for the Questioner by Po Bronson

23andMe, 3D printing, 4chan, Abraham Maslow, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, altcoin, Apple's 1984 Super Bowl advert, Asilomar, autonomous vehicles, basic income, Big Tech, bitcoin, blockchain, Burning Man, call centre, carbon credits, carbon tax, cognitive bias, cognitive dissonance, coronavirus, COVID-19, CRISPR, cryptocurrency, decarbonisation, deep learning, deepfake, DeepMind, dematerialisation, Donald Trump, driverless car, dumpster diving, edge city, Ethereum, ethereum blockchain, Eyjafjallajökull, factory automation, fake news, financial independence, Google X / Alphabet X, green new deal, income inequality, industrial robot, Isaac Newton, Jeff Bezos, Kevin Kelly, Kickstarter, Mars Rover, mass immigration, McMansion, means of production, microbiome, microplastics / micro fibres, oil shale / tar sands, opioid epidemic / opioid crisis, Paul Graham, paypal mafia, phenotype, Ponzi scheme, power law, quantum entanglement, Ronald Reagan, Sand Hill Road, sharing economy, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley ideology, Silicon Valley startup, smart contracts, source of truth, stem cell, Steve Jobs, Steve Jurvetson, sustainable-tourism, synthetic biology, Tesla Model S, too big to fail, trade route, universal basic income, Watson beat the top human players on Jeopardy!, women in the workforce

Freedom comes from being master of your own time. Gig work is a trade-off most are willing to take, because they can prioritize their personal lives. If they want to hang with friends on Tuesday, they just don’t take a gig. They’ve seen their parents run ragged from trying to “have it all,” and they don’t want the stress. On Abraham Maslow’s pyramid, nobody knows where they are anymore. The thrift class is taking care of lots of its wants before taking care of its needs. It works only until it doesn’t. All it takes is one medical bill to trigger a downward spiral. Millennials are spending $20 less per day than their counterparts ten years ago.

100 Years of Identity Crisis: Culture War Over Socialisation by Frank Furedi

1960s counterculture, 23andMe, Abraham Maslow, behavioural economics, Brexit referendum, Cass Sunstein, classic study, coronavirus, COVID-19, Donald Trump, epigenetics, Greta Thunberg, Gunnar Myrdal, Herbert Marcuse, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, knowledge worker, libertarian paternalism, lockdown, New Urbanism, nocebo, nudge theory, nudge unit, scientific management, the scientific method, Thorstein Veblen, work culture

Carstair’s BBC Reith Lecture in 1962.415 He called for the adoption of new methods of socialisation and warned that ‘our emotional attitudes are sometimes anachronistic and ill-adapted to the changing realities of our society’.416 From the 1940s the claim that western culture was sick and required the therapeutic intervention of experts was constantly asserted by members of the mental health lobby. Writing in 1968, the psychologist Abraham Maslow summed up this outlook when he stated that ‘sick people are made by sick cultures’.417 The term ‘sick culture’ conveyed the idea that its practices and values were responsible for people’s mental health problems and character defects. This diagnosis suggested that before these problems could be put right, a sick culture needed to be transformed.

The 4-Hour Workweek: Escape 9-5, Live Anywhere, and Join the New Rich by Timothy Ferriss

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, Amazon Mechanical Turk, Apollo 13, call centre, clean water, digital nomad, Donald Trump, drop ship, en.wikipedia.org, Firefox, fixed income, follow your passion, Ford Model T, fulfillment center, game design, global village, Iridium satellite, knowledge worker, language acquisition, late fees, lateral thinking, Maui Hawaii, oil shock, paper trading, Paradox of Choice, Parkinson's law, passive income, peer-to-peer, pre–internet, Ralph Waldo Emerson, remote working, risk tolerance, Ronald Reagan, side project, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, Skype, Steve Jobs, Vilfredo Pareto, wage slave, William of Occam

I can now tell people I’m a writer rather than giving them the two-hour drug dealer explanation. What did you dream of being when you were a kid? Perhaps it’s time to sign up for Space Camp or intern as an assistant to a marine biologist. Recapturing the excitement of childhood isn’t impossible. In fact, it’s required. There are no more chains—or excuses—to hold you back. 81. Abraham Maslow, the American psychologist famous for proposing “Mas-low’s Hierarchy of Needs,” would term this goal a “peak experience.” 82. There is a place for koans and rhetorical meditative questions, but these tools are optional and outside the scope of this book. Most questions without answers are just poorly worded. 83.

Utopia Is Creepy: And Other Provocations by Nicholas Carr

Abraham Maslow, Air France Flight 447, Airbnb, Airbus A320, AltaVista, Amazon Mechanical Turk, augmented reality, autonomous vehicles, Bernie Sanders, book scanning, Brewster Kahle, Buckminster Fuller, Burning Man, Captain Sullenberger Hudson, centralized clearinghouse, Charles Lindbergh, cloud computing, cognitive bias, collaborative consumption, computer age, corporate governance, CRISPR, crowdsourcing, Danny Hillis, data science, deskilling, digital capitalism, digital map, disruptive innovation, Donald Trump, driverless car, Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test, Elon Musk, Evgeny Morozov, factory automation, failed state, feminist movement, Frederick Winslow Taylor, friendly fire, game design, global village, Google bus, Google Glasses, Google X / Alphabet X, Googley, hive mind, impulse control, indoor plumbing, interchangeable parts, Internet Archive, invention of movable type, invention of the steam engine, invisible hand, Isaac Newton, Jeff Bezos, jimmy wales, Joan Didion, job automation, John Perry Barlow, Kevin Kelly, Larry Ellison, Lewis Mumford, lifelogging, lolcat, low skilled workers, machine readable, Marc Andreessen, Mark Zuckerberg, Marshall McLuhan, Max Levchin, means of production, Menlo Park, mental accounting, natural language processing, Neal Stephenson, Network effects, new economy, Nicholas Carr, Nick Bostrom, Norman Mailer, off grid, oil shale / tar sands, Peter Thiel, plutocrats, profit motive, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Ray Kurzweil, recommendation engine, Republic of Letters, robot derives from the Czech word robota Czech, meaning slave, Ronald Reagan, scientific management, self-driving car, SETI@home, side project, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley ideology, Singularitarianism, Snapchat, social graph, social web, speech recognition, Startup school, stem cell, Stephen Hawking, Steve Jobs, Steven Levy, technoutopianism, TED Talk, the long tail, the medium is the message, theory of mind, Turing test, Tyler Cowen, Whole Earth Catalog, Y Combinator, Yochai Benkler

We’re as creative as ever, but we’ve funneled our creativity into areas that produce smaller-scale, less far-reaching, less visible breakthroughs. And we’ve done that for entirely rational reasons. We’re getting precisely the kind of innovation that we desire—and that we deserve. My idea is that there’s a hierarchy of innovation that runs in parallel with Abraham Maslow’s famous hierarchy of needs. Maslow argued that human needs progress through five stages, with each new stage requiring the fulfillment of lower-level, or more basic, needs. So first we need to meet our most primitive physiological needs, and that frees us to focus on our needs for safety, and once our needs for safety are met, we can attend to our needs for belongingness, and then on to our needs for personal esteem, and finally to our needs for self-actualization.

The Einstein of Money: The Life and Timeless Financial Wisdom of Benjamin Graham by Joe Carlen

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, asset allocation, Bernie Madoff, book value, Bretton Woods, business cycle, business intelligence, discounted cash flows, Eugene Fama: efficient market hypothesis, full employment, index card, index fund, intangible asset, invisible hand, Isaac Newton, John Bogle, laissez-faire capitalism, margin call, means of production, Norman Mailer, oil shock, post-industrial society, price anchoring, price stability, reserve currency, Robert Shiller, the scientific method, Vanguard fund, young professional

As Graham recalls, the school “had long enjoyed one of the highest reputations in the country for scholastic excellence, and I was fortunate indeed in being able to go there.”30 In its early twentieth-century heyday, the school produced such distinguished graduates as Isaac Asimov, Norman Mailer, and Abraham Maslow. Indeed, considering that Graham, who had become accustomed to topping his class, was “only” ranked third at Boys High, it was probably the most rigorous academic environment that he had yet encountered. Aside from an unfortunate scheduling conflict that prevented him from continuing his Greek studies, Graham reflects that he had “two fruitful years at Boys High.”31 His continued scholastic excellence won him election to Arista (the honor society for New York high schools), and his literary endeavors took another step forward with the publication of one of his short stories in Boys High's annual bound volume of the school's best literary works.

Superminds: The Surprising Power of People and Computers Thinking Together by Thomas W. Malone

Abraham Maslow, agricultural Revolution, Airbnb, Albert Einstein, Alvin Toffler, Amazon Mechanical Turk, Apple's 1984 Super Bowl advert, Asperger Syndrome, Baxter: Rethink Robotics, bitcoin, blockchain, Boeing 747, business process, call centre, carbon tax, clean water, Computing Machinery and Intelligence, creative destruction, crowdsourcing, data science, deep learning, Donald Trump, Douglas Engelbart, Douglas Engelbart, driverless car, drone strike, Elon Musk, en.wikipedia.org, Erik Brynjolfsson, experimental economics, Exxon Valdez, Ford Model T, future of work, Future Shock, Galaxy Zoo, Garrett Hardin, gig economy, happiness index / gross national happiness, independent contractor, industrial robot, Internet of things, invention of the telegraph, inventory management, invisible hand, Jeff Rulifson, jimmy wales, job automation, John Markoff, Joi Ito, Joseph Schumpeter, Kenneth Arrow, knowledge worker, longitudinal study, Lyft, machine translation, Marshall McLuhan, Nick Bostrom, Occupy movement, Pareto efficiency, pattern recognition, prediction markets, price mechanism, radical decentralization, Ray Kurzweil, Rodney Brooks, Ronald Coase, search costs, Second Machine Age, self-driving car, Silicon Valley, slashdot, social intelligence, Stephen Hawking, Steve Jobs, Steven Pinker, Stewart Brand, technological singularity, The Nature of the Firm, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, The Wisdom of Crowds, theory of mind, Tim Cook: Apple, Tragedy of the Commons, transaction costs, Travis Kalanick, Uber for X, uber lyft, Vernor Vinge, Vilfredo Pareto, Watson beat the top human players on Jeopardy!

But there is another way of thinking about wise choices that has particular resonance for the global mind. Perhaps a wise global mind shouldn’t just serve the desires of its own members; perhaps it should serve some larger purpose. Serving a Purpose Larger Than Yourself As writers like Abraham Maslow, Viktor Frankl, and many others have observed, people often have a kind of hunger for meaning in their lives. One common way for people to find that meaning is by helping to achieve some purpose larger than themselves. Some version of this theme is essentially universal in all major religious and spiritual traditions,9 and it can just as easily be secular.

Consider the Fork: A History of How We Cook and Eat by Bee Wilson

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, British Empire, cotton gin, Easter island, Fellow of the Royal Society, General Motors Futurama, Great Leap Forward, haute cuisine, high-speed rail, Kitchen Debate, lateral thinking, Louis Pasteur, refrigerator car, scientific management, sexual politics, the scientific method, Upton Sinclair, Wall-E

A patent for Nicolas Appert’s revolutionary new canning process was issued in 1812, and the first canning factory opened in Bermondsey, London, in 1813. Yet it would be a further fifty years before anyone managed to devise a can opener. The birth of a new gadget often gives rise to zealous overuse, until the novelty wears off. Abraham Maslow, a guru of modern management, once said that to the man who has only a hammer, the whole world looks like a nail. The same thing happens in the kitchen. To the woman who has just acquired an electric blender, the whole world looks like soup. Not every kitchen invention has been an obvious improvement on what came before.

The Culture of Narcissism: American Life in an Age of Diminishing Expectations by Christopher Lasch

Abraham Maslow, classic study, cuban missile crisis, delayed gratification, desegregation, feminist movement, full employment, Future Shock, George Santayana, Herman Kahn, impulse control, Induced demand, invisible hand, Kitchen Debate, Marshall McLuhan, Maslow's hierarchy, mass immigration, means of production, Norman Mailer, planned obsolescence, prosperity theology / prosperity gospel / gospel of success, road to serfdom, scientific management, Scientific racism, Stewart Brand, technoutopianism, The Theory of the Leisure Class by Thorstein Veblen, theory of mind, Thorstein Veblen, union organizing, upwardly mobile, urban renewal, yellow journalism

Defining authority, too crudely, as command sanctioned by force, McGregor argued that authority represented an outmoded form of social control in an age of interdependence." Command remained effective, he reasoned, only so long as workers occupied a debased, dependent position in the industrial hierarchy and found it dif" ficult to satisfy even their material needs. The psychiatrist Abraham Maslow had demonstrated that as soon as human beings satisfy the basic need for bread, shelter, and security, they devote their attention to satisfying the need for "self-actualization." Yet industrial managers McGregor complained, still took a "carrot and stick approach to the worker, unscientifically assuming that people hate work and have to be coerced into performing it or en, " Human Relations on the Job: The Factory as a Family Ex- perts in personnel management have introduced similar tech* "The tions community has expressed its concern for childhood by creating institu- " wrote Van Waters.

Korea by Simon Winchester

Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, Berlin Wall, Korean Air Lines Flight 007, life extension, Nelson Mandela, placebo effect, union organizing

I confessed I did not, although I muttered about having gone to Oxford with someone named that, only to remember his name was Masri, and he was one of a pair of Lebanese twins. O’Neill—everyone addressed him thus, and I never heard his first name or any title—explained, probably writing me off as a fool as he did so. Apparently someone named Abraham Maslow had written a book, a work of biblical authority in the dark world of psychiatry, on the hierarchical needs of man. It illustrated the condition of Korea perfectly, O’Neill went on. ‘The needs are these. First, a baby has a physiological need. He needs food, he needs milk. Then he realizes he needs something to hold on to—he needs security.

Philanthrocapitalism by Matthew Bishop, Michael Green, Bill Clinton

"Friedman doctrine" OR "shareholder theory", "World Economic Forum" Davos, Abraham Maslow, Albert Einstein, An Inconvenient Truth, anti-communist, AOL-Time Warner, barriers to entry, battle of ideas, Bernie Madoff, Big Tech, Bob Geldof, Bonfire of the Vanities, business process, business process outsourcing, Charles Lindbergh, clean tech, clean water, corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, Dava Sobel, David Ricardo: comparative advantage, digital divide, do well by doing good, don't be evil, family office, financial innovation, full employment, global pandemic, global village, Global Witness, God and Mammon, Hernando de Soto, high net worth, Ida Tarbell, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), invisible hand, James Dyson, John Elkington, John Harrison: Longitude, joint-stock company, junk bonds, knowledge economy, knowledge worker, Larry Ellison, Live Aid, lone genius, Marc Andreessen, Marc Benioff, market bubble, mass affluent, Michael Milken, microcredit, Mikhail Gorbachev, Neil Armstrong, Nelson Mandela, new economy, offshore financial centre, old-boy network, PalmPilot, peer-to-peer lending, performance metric, Peter Singer: altruism, plutocrats, profit maximization, profit motive, Richard Feynman, risk tolerance, risk-adjusted returns, Ronald Coase, Ronald Reagan, Salesforce, scientific management, seminal paper, shareholder value, Silicon Valley, Slavoj Žižek, South Sea Bubble, sovereign wealth fund, SpaceShipOne, stem cell, Steve Jobs, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, The Wisdom of Crowds, Thomas Malthus, Thorstein Veblen, trade liberalization, transaction costs, trickle-down economics, Tyler Cowen, wealth creators, winner-take-all economy, working poor, World Values Survey, X Prize

Charles Handy, author of The New Philanthropists, attributes the growing enthusiasm for philanthropy, in part, to a need for meaning in people who have found that business success is not enough to make them happy. “There is a search for a narrative, about making a difference with your life, which is vaguely religious and gives you a buzz,” he writes. Pointing to psychologist Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Handy suggests that nowadays more people are quickly getting to the stage that Maslow described as “the highest need, for a purpose beyond ourselves. They want to make a difference—it used to happen in their 60s and 70s, now it is in their 30s and 40s.” (Indeed, this is increasingly true of the larger population, too: for example, witness the growing number of MBA graduates who want to work for NGOs or firms that say they have a social purpose.)

The Confidence Game: The Psychology of the Con and Why We Fall for It Every Time by Maria Konnikova

Abraham Maslow, attribution theory, Bear Stearns, behavioural economics, Bernie Madoff, Bluma Zeigarnik, British Empire, Cass Sunstein, cognitive dissonance, cognitive load, coherent worldview, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, dark triade / dark tetrad, endowment effect, epigenetics, Higgs boson, higher-order functions, hindsight bias, lake wobegon effect, lateral thinking, libertarian paternalism, Milgram experiment, placebo effect, Ponzi scheme, post-work, publish or perish, Richard Thaler, risk tolerance, seminal paper, side project, Skype, Steven Pinker, sunk-cost fallacy, the scientific method, tulip mania, Walter Mischel

Throughout the first part of the twentieth century, psychologists saw the self as a realistic entity. They felt that it was somehow crucially important for us to have an accurate representation of our selves and our place in the world. In his seminal 1950 paper “Self-Actualizing People: A Study of Psychological Health,” Abraham Maslow, a founder of the humanist school of psychology and famous for his eponymous hierarchy of needs, argued that the fully realized, or “self-actualized,” human being must perceive reality “efficiently” and accept herself, with all her quirks and ways, no matter how much that reality might deviate from her ideal vision of herself.

Transaction Man: The Rise of the Deal and the Decline of the American Dream by Nicholas Lemann

"Friedman doctrine" OR "shareholder theory", "World Economic Forum" Davos, Abraham Maslow, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, Airbnb, airline deregulation, Alan Greenspan, Albert Einstein, augmented reality, basic income, Bear Stearns, behavioural economics, Bernie Sanders, Black-Scholes formula, Blitzscaling, buy and hold, capital controls, Carl Icahn, computerized trading, Cornelius Vanderbilt, corporate governance, cryptocurrency, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, data science, deal flow, dematerialisation, diversified portfolio, Donald Trump, Elon Musk, Eugene Fama: efficient market hypothesis, Fairchild Semiconductor, financial deregulation, financial innovation, fixed income, future of work, George Akerlof, gig economy, Glass-Steagall Act, Henry Ford's grandson gave labor union leader Walter Reuther a tour of the company’s new, automated factory…, Ida Tarbell, index fund, information asymmetry, invisible hand, Irwin Jacobs, Joi Ito, Joseph Schumpeter, junk bonds, Kenneth Arrow, Kickstarter, life extension, Long Term Capital Management, Mark Zuckerberg, Mary Meeker, mass immigration, means of production, Metcalfe’s law, Michael Milken, money market fund, Mont Pelerin Society, moral hazard, Myron Scholes, Neal Stephenson, new economy, Norman Mailer, obamacare, PalmPilot, Paul Samuelson, Performance of Mutual Funds in the Period, Peter Thiel, price mechanism, principal–agent problem, profit maximization, proprietary trading, prudent man rule, public intellectual, quantitative trading / quantitative finance, Ralph Nader, Richard Thaler, road to serfdom, Robert Bork, Robert Metcalfe, rolodex, Ronald Coase, Ronald Reagan, Sand Hill Road, Savings and loan crisis, shareholder value, short selling, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley ideology, Silicon Valley startup, Snow Crash, Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits, Steve Jobs, TaskRabbit, TED Talk, The Nature of the Firm, the payments system, the strength of weak ties, Thomas Kuhn: the structure of scientific revolutions, Thorstein Veblen, too big to fail, transaction costs, universal basic income, War on Poverty, white flight, working poor

Along with all these moves went a spiritual quest that took Erhard through a wide sampling of American pop culture success and personal growth texts and programs: sales-oriented motivational material such as Napoleon Hill’s Think and Grow Rich and Dale Carnegie’s How to Win Friends and Influence People; New Age psychology like the work of Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers; Eastern religions like Zen Buddhism and Subud; hypnosis; and cultlike seminar programs like Scientology and Mind Dynamics. In 1971 he left his career in sales and started est. Thin, intense, and voluble, with blue eyes, a booming voice, and a dominating manner, Erhard would lead his seminars for endless hours, not letting the participants eat, sleep, or go to the bathroom, leading them one by one through sessions at the microphone, where he would coax out painful childhood memories, goad, berate, and finally, magnanimously, redeem.

The Happiness Hypothesis: Finding Modern Truth in Ancient Wisdom by Jonathan Haidt

Abraham Maslow, classic study, coherent worldview, crack epidemic, delayed gratification, do well by doing good, feminist movement, hedonic treadmill, Ignaz Semmelweis: hand washing, invisible hand, job satisfaction, Lao Tzu, longitudinal study, meta-analysis, Paradox of Choice, Peter Singer: altruism, PIHKAL and TIHKAL, placebo effect, prisoner's dilemma, Ralph Waldo Emerson, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), social intelligence, stem cell, tacit knowledge, telemarketer, the scientific method, twin studies, ultimatum game, Walter Mischel, zero-sum game

For it is then as if our tears broke through an inveterate inner dam, and let all sorts of ancient peccancies and moral stagnancies drain away, leaving us now washed and soft of heart and open to every nobler leading.43 James's "melting moods" are strikingly similar to the feelings of elevation described by Jefferson and by David Whitford. Atheists may protest that they, too, can have many of the same experiences without God. The psychologist who took such secular experiences seriously was Abraham Maslow, Harry Harlow's first graduate student a n d a founder of humanistic psychology. M a s l o w collected reports of w h a t he called "peak experiences"—those extraordinary self-transcendent m o m e n t s that feel qualitatively different from ordinary life. In a small gem of a book, Religions, Values, and Peak Ex-periences,44 Maslow listed twenty-five c o m m o n f eatures of peak experiences, nearly all of which can be found s o m e w h e r e in William James.

When Computers Can Think: The Artificial Intelligence Singularity by Anthony Berglas, William Black, Samantha Thalind, Max Scratchmann, Michelle Estes

3D printing, Abraham Maslow, AI winter, air gap, anthropic principle, artificial general intelligence, Asilomar, augmented reality, Automated Insights, autonomous vehicles, availability heuristic, backpropagation, blue-collar work, Boston Dynamics, brain emulation, call centre, cognitive bias, combinatorial explosion, computer vision, Computing Machinery and Intelligence, create, read, update, delete, cuban missile crisis, David Attenborough, DeepMind, disinformation, driverless car, Elon Musk, en.wikipedia.org, epigenetics, Ernest Rutherford, factory automation, feminist movement, finite state, Flynn Effect, friendly AI, general-purpose programming language, Google Glasses, Google X / Alphabet X, Gödel, Escher, Bach, Hans Moravec, industrial robot, Isaac Newton, job automation, John von Neumann, Law of Accelerating Returns, license plate recognition, Mahatma Gandhi, mandelbrot fractal, natural language processing, Nick Bostrom, Parkinson's law, patent troll, patient HM, pattern recognition, phenotype, ransomware, Ray Kurzweil, Recombinant DNA, self-driving car, semantic web, Silicon Valley, Singularitarianism, Skype, sorting algorithm, speech recognition, statistical model, stem cell, Stephen Hawking, Stuxnet, superintelligent machines, technological singularity, Thomas Malthus, Turing machine, Turing test, uranium enrichment, Von Neumann architecture, Watson beat the top human players on Jeopardy!, wikimedia commons, zero day

Human instincts underly an intelligence orders of magnitude greater than any other animal, but they were created by the same process that taught the spider how to weave its web. Natural selection. Until relatively recently, people did not understand why they have the instincts that they have. But that does not matter. What does matter is that those instincts have evidently produced behaviours that in practice have proven effective in breeding grandchildren. In 1943, Abraham Maslow published a theory of human motivation based on a a hierarchy of needs. The most basic needs are for food and shelter to keep us alive. Then comes the need for safety and security, of body, continued sustenance (e.g. though employment), etc. Only once those are satisfied can people focus on higher level needs such as self esteem, respect of our peers, care of others, and creativity.

The Big Book of Words You Should Know: Over 3,000 Words Every Person Should Be Able to Use (And a Few That You Probably Shouldn't) by David Olsen, Michelle Bevilacqua, Justin Cord Hayes

Abraham Maslow, Alan Greenspan, An Inconvenient Truth, deliberate practice, gentrification, haute couture, haute cuisine, jitney, Lao Tzu, place-making, placebo effect, planned obsolescence, plutocrats, Rosa Parks, Upton Sinclair

Marie invited a HETEROGENEOUS group: poets, potters, mechanics, bureaucrats, and who knows who else. hierarchy (HIE-uh-rar-kee), noun A system (of people, concepts, groups, etc.) in which there is a ranking of entities one above another. A hierarchy often refers to a formal chain of command. The famous psychologist Abraham Maslow has established a HIERARCHY of human needs. highbrow (HIE-brow), adjective Intelligent and cultured; also, one who is pretentious or snobby about intelligence and culture. Al liked going to gallery shows to see the work of new artists, but he found the HIGHBROW analysis of some of his fellow patrons almost unbearable.

Happy City: Transforming Our Lives Through Urban Design by Charles Montgomery

2013 Report for America's Infrastructure - American Society of Civil Engineers - 19 March 2013, Abraham Maslow, accelerated depreciation, agricultural Revolution, American Society of Civil Engineers: Report Card, Apollo 11, behavioural economics, Bernie Madoff, Boeing 747, British Empire, Buckminster Fuller, car-free, carbon credits, carbon footprint, centre right, City Beautiful movement, clean water, congestion charging, correlation does not imply causation, data science, Donald Shoup, East Village, edge city, energy security, Enrique Peñalosa, experimental subject, food desert, Frank Gehry, General Motors Futurama, gentrification, Google Earth, happiness index / gross national happiness, hedonic treadmill, Home mortgage interest deduction, housing crisis, income inequality, income per capita, Induced demand, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), invisible hand, Jane Jacobs, license plate recognition, McMansion, means of production, megacity, Menlo Park, meta-analysis, mortgage tax deduction, New Urbanism, Panopticon Jeremy Bentham, peak oil, Ponzi scheme, power law, rent control, restrictive zoning, ride hailing / ride sharing, risk tolerance, science of happiness, Seaside, Florida, Silicon Valley, starchitect, streetcar suburb, the built environment, The Death and Life of Great American Cities, the High Line, The Spirit Level, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, trade route, transit-oriented development, upwardly mobile, urban planning, urban sprawl, wage slave, white flight, World Values Survey, zero-sum game, Zipcar

I felt like one of the rats that researchers forced into overcrowded cages back in the 1970s. Those rats forgot how to build nests. They forgot how to socialize. They eventually started eating their offspring. This is the other great challenge posed by density: its central tensions are as much social as they are aesthetic. In the 1940s Abraham Maslow famously drew a pyramid of needs to represent the hierarchy of human motivation. At the base of the pyramid were the basic physiological needs—hunger, thirst, and sexual desire. According to Maslow, once you are satisfied on that level, you move to the next. So once you are well fed, you start worrying about safety.

Who Owns the Future? by Jaron Lanier

3D printing, 4chan, Abraham Maslow, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, Airbnb, augmented reality, automated trading system, barriers to entry, bitcoin, Black Monday: stock market crash in 1987, book scanning, book value, Burning Man, call centre, carbon credits, carbon footprint, cloud computing, commoditize, company town, computer age, Computer Lib, crowdsourcing, data science, David Brooks, David Graeber, delayed gratification, digital capitalism, digital Maoism, digital rights, Douglas Engelbart, en.wikipedia.org, Everything should be made as simple as possible, facts on the ground, Filter Bubble, financial deregulation, Fractional reserve banking, Francis Fukuyama: the end of history, Garrett Hardin, George Akerlof, global supply chain, global village, Haight Ashbury, hive mind, if you build it, they will come, income inequality, informal economy, information asymmetry, invisible hand, Ivan Sutherland, Jaron Lanier, Jeff Bezos, job automation, John Markoff, John Perry Barlow, Kevin Kelly, Khan Academy, Kickstarter, Kodak vs Instagram, life extension, Long Term Capital Management, machine translation, Marc Andreessen, Mark Zuckerberg, meta-analysis, Metcalfe’s law, moral hazard, mutually assured destruction, Neal Stephenson, Network effects, new economy, Norbert Wiener, obamacare, off-the-grid, packet switching, Panopticon Jeremy Bentham, Peter Thiel, place-making, plutocrats, Ponzi scheme, post-oil, pre–internet, Project Xanadu, race to the bottom, Ray Kurzweil, rent-seeking, reversible computing, Richard Feynman, Ronald Reagan, scientific worldview, self-driving car, side project, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley ideology, Silicon Valley startup, Skype, smart meter, stem cell, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, Stewart Brand, synthetic biology, tech billionaire, technological determinism, Ted Nelson, The Market for Lemons, Thomas Malthus, too big to fail, Tragedy of the Commons, trickle-down economics, Turing test, Vannevar Bush, WikiLeaks, zero-sum game