Nomadland

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The Smartphone Society by Nicole Aschoff

"Susan Fowler" uber, 4chan, A Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace, Airbnb, algorithmic bias, algorithmic management, Amazon Web Services, artificial general intelligence, autonomous vehicles, barriers to entry, Bay Area Rapid Transit, Bernie Sanders, Big Tech, Black Lives Matter, blockchain, carbon footprint, Carl Icahn, Cass Sunstein, citizen journalism, cloud computing, correlation does not imply causation, crony capitalism, crowdsourcing, cryptocurrency, data science, deep learning, DeepMind, degrowth, Demis Hassabis, deplatforming, deskilling, digital capitalism, digital divide, do what you love, don't be evil, Donald Trump, Downton Abbey, Edward Snowden, Elon Musk, Evgeny Morozov, fake news, feminist movement, Ferguson, Missouri, Filter Bubble, financial independence, future of work, gamification, gig economy, global value chain, Google Chrome, Google Earth, Googley, green new deal, housing crisis, income inequality, independent contractor, Jaron Lanier, Jeff Bezos, Jessica Bruder, job automation, John Perry Barlow, knowledge economy, late capitalism, low interest rates, Lyft, M-Pesa, Mark Zuckerberg, minimum wage unemployment, mobile money, moral panic, move fast and break things, Naomi Klein, Network effects, new economy, Nicholas Carr, Nomadland, occupational segregation, Occupy movement, off-the-grid, offshore financial centre, opioid epidemic / opioid crisis, PageRank, Patri Friedman, peer-to-peer, Peter Thiel, pets.com, planned obsolescence, quantitative easing, Ralph Waldo Emerson, RAND corporation, Ray Kurzweil, RFID, Richard Stallman, ride hailing / ride sharing, Rodney Brooks, Ronald Reagan, Salesforce, Second Machine Age, self-driving car, shareholder value, sharing economy, Sheryl Sandberg, Shoshana Zuboff, Sidewalk Labs, Silicon Valley, single-payer health, Skype, Snapchat, SoftBank, statistical model, Steve Bannon, Steve Jobs, surveillance capitalism, TaskRabbit, tech worker, technological determinism, TED Talk, the scientific method, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, TikTok, transcontinental railway, transportation-network company, Travis Kalanick, Uber and Lyft, Uber for X, uber lyft, upwardly mobile, Vision Fund, W. E. B. Du Bois, wages for housework, warehouse robotics, WikiLeaks, women in the workforce, yottabyte

The company says mobile shopping now accounts for more than 40 percent of its revenue and it’s growing by leaps and bounds.47 Every time we impulsively tap a purchase on our phones, someone is on the other end, filling a box with whatever we ordered before handing it to someone else to drop it on our doorstep. Amazon alone employs more than 613,000 warehouse workers worldwide, and adds about 100,000 more temp workers during peaks.48 Jessica Bruder, in Nomadland: Surviving America in the Twenty-First Century, follows the lives of Amazon’s “CamperForce,” a large group of (mainly) retirees who can’t afford to retire, so they live in their RVs and other vehicles and find temporary work in the warehouses of “the everything store” during the holidays. When peak season is over, these “workampers” drive away in what Amazon executives proudly call a “tail light parade.”49 Log on to the Spare5 mobile task app on the long bus ride home, circle the road signs in a series of photographs for some self-driving-car start-up, and you’ve paid for that afternoon splurge on a triple macchiato at Starbucks.

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Households in 2017–May 2018,” May 2018; US Bureau of Labor Statistics, “Contingent and Alternative Employment Arrangements News Release,” June 7, 2018. 45. Weil, The Fissured Workplace, 87–88, 7, 44. 46. “TNCs & Congestion,” draft report (San Francisco: San Francisco County Transportation Authority, October 2018). 47. Soper, “Smartphone Shopping.” 48. Sainato, “‘We Are Not Robots.’” 49. Bruder, Nomadland, 62. 50. Lee et al., “Working with Machines.” 51. O’Connor, “When Your Boss Is an Algorithm.” 52. JC, “Ridester’s 2018 Independent Driver Earnings Survey,” Ridester, March 29, 2019, www.ridester.com/2018-survey. 53. For a discussion, see Taplin, Move Fast and Break Things. 54. Friedman, The World Is Flat. 55.

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American Colossus: The Triumph of Capitalism, 1865–1900. New York: Anchor Books, 2010. Braverman, Harry. Labor and Monopoly Capital: The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1998. Brooks, Rodney. “The Seven Deadly Sins of AI Prediction.” MIT Technology Review, October 6, 2017. Bruder, Jessica. Nomadland: Surviving America in the Twenty-First Century. New York: W. W. Norton, 2017. Brynjolfsson, Eric, and Andrew McAfee. The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. New York: W. W. Norton, 2014. Burgess, Jean, Alice Marwick, and Thomas Poell. SAGE Handbook of Social Media.

Nomads: The Wanderers Who Shaped Our World by Anthony Sattin

3D printing, agricultural Revolution, Alfred Russel Wallace, Anton Chekhov, Black Lives Matter, British Empire, digital nomad, Donald Trump, Extinction Rebellion, fake news, invention of writing, Islamic Golden Age, James Hargreaves, Jessica Bruder, Khartoum Gordon, Mohammed Bouazizi, Nomadland, open borders, rewilding, Ronald Reagan, South China Sea, spinning jenny, three-masted sailing ship, trade route, traveling salesman

It also lets us glimpse – in the way they live lightly, more freely, in the way they have learned to adapt and to be nimble and flexible in their thoughts and actions, and in the balance they have maintained with the natural world – another way of living, the way that the ‘other’ branch of humankind has chosen to go since the days when we all hunted as a single pack in the generous gardens of the deep past. * For more on the ‘houseless’ in the United States I recommend Jessica Bruder’s Nomadland, the book behind the film. PART I The Balancing Act It will not last. All is change, all is ephemeral. John Stewart Paradise, 10,000 BCE Global population: perhaps 5 million1 Nomad population: most of that number Once upon a time we were all hunters and gatherers. The first to stop hunting and gathering did so no more than 12,000 years ago, which is but a dot on the human timeline.

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Most of us have settled since then and in the past century most of us have done so in towns and cities. This dramatic shift in lifestyle out of the natural world and inside walls has turned some of us into miscreant kids, unreliable partners, drug addicts, thrill seekers, gamblers and risk takers, and it has left others struggling to resist the lure of wandering through nomadland, longing for the open road, the promise of a new city, a fresh landscape or the next partner. If, as Dr Eisenberg’s study has shown, the nomadic urge is part of our genetic legacy, if as many as 390 million of us might carry the variant nomadic gene, then this has consequences for the way we act now, for the way we look at the past and at the role that nomads play in the stories that follow.

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It seems very likely that this expanse of the central Eurasia steppes, between the Danube river and Caspian Sea in the west and the Great Wall of China in the east, was itself some kind of diverse alliance, an empire for lack of any other title. We could call it the Scythian Empire. One problem with calling the vast nomadlands an empire lies in our understanding of what constitutes an empire. The common assumption is that they – and lesser kingdoms, such as the newly formed Judah and Israel – revolved around capital cities and a central administration. Pataliputra, Chang’an (Xi’an), Athens and Rome all had walls and armies to protect them from what lay beyond their self-defined limits, anticipating the blunt statement from a twentyfirst-century American president that ‘if you don’t have Borders, you don’t have a Country’.47 But while settled people believed borders and walls were essential for protecting their kingdoms, and cities were equally essential to focus power and administration, nomads knew – as we know in our own time – that they are not good for mobility.

On the Clock: What Low-Wage Work Did to Me and How It Drives America Insane by Emily Guendelsberger

Adam Curtis, Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, Airbnb, Amazon Picking Challenge, autism spectrum disorder, basic income, behavioural economics, Bernie Sanders, call centre, Capital in the Twenty-First Century by Thomas Piketty, cognitive dissonance, company town, David Attenborough, death from overwork, deskilling, do what you love, Donald Trump, Erik Brynjolfsson, Ford Model T, Ford paid five dollars a day, Frederick Winslow Taylor, fulfillment center, future of work, hive mind, housing crisis, independent contractor, Jeff Bezos, Jessica Bruder, job automation, job satisfaction, John Maynard Keynes: Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren, Jon Ronson, karōshi / gwarosa / guolaosi, Kiva Systems, late capitalism, Lean Startup, market design, McDonald's hot coffee lawsuit, McJob, Minecraft, Nicholas Carr, Nomadland, obamacare, opioid epidemic / opioid crisis, Panopticon Jeremy Bentham, pattern recognition, precariat, Richard Thaler, San Francisco homelessness, scientific management, Second Machine Age, security theater, self-driving car, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley startup, speech recognition, TaskRabbit, tech worker, The Future of Employment, The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, Tony Hsieh, Toyota Production System, Travis Kalanick, union organizing, universal basic income, unpaid internship, Upton Sinclair, wage slave, working poor

Shipler Precarious Lives: Job Insecurity and Well-Being in Rich Democracies, Arne Kalleberg The Disposable American: Layoffs and Their Consequences, Louis Uchitelle The Overworked American: The Unexpected Decline of Leisure, Juliet Schor Free Time: The Forgotten American Dream, Benjamin Hunnicutt The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class, Guy Standing Strangers in Their Own Land: Anger and Mourning on the American Right, Arlie Hochschild The Big Squeeze: Tough Times for the American Worker, Steven Greenhouse The Working Life: The Promise and Betrayal of Modern Work, Joanne B. Ciulla The Betrayal of Work: How Low-Wage Jobs Fail 30 Million Americans, Beth Shulman Nomadland: Surviving America in the Twenty-First Century, Jessica Bruder Where Bad Jobs Are Better: Retail Jobs Across Countries and Companies, Francoise Carre and Chris Tilly “We Are All Fast-Food Workers Now”: The Global Uprising Against Poverty Wages, Annelise Orleck On Wanda Stone Age Economics, Marshall Sahlins Behave: The Biology of Humans at Our Best and Worst, Robert Sapolsky Scarcity: Why Having Too Little Means So Much, Sendhil Mullainathan and Eldar Shafir The Panopticon Writings, Jeremy Bentham Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, Michel Foucault Snakes in Suits: When Psychopaths Go to Work, Paul Babiak and Robert D.

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* Songs with a glockenspiel, songs with just a first name as the title, songs where someone yells “YEE-OW!,” etc. * I even get all the way through an Amazon-themed “I’m going to the picnic” one afternoon, from Advil to a Zero-tolerance policy about stealing. * For more about workamping, check out Jessica Bruder’s Nomadland: Surviving America in the Twenty-First Century (New York: W. W. Norton, 2017). * Or I’m pretty sure that’s what he said—I can still only sort of decipher anything said through the megaphone. I confirm it later. * “Water spider” is another odd Amazonian job title. From the few days I spent in packing, I gather that it involves running around keeping stationary workers supplied with materials

Arriving Today: From Factory to Front Door -- Why Everything Has Changed About How and What We Buy by Christopher Mims

air freight, Airbnb, Amazon Robotics, Amazon Web Services, Apollo 11, augmented reality, autonomous vehicles, big-box store, blue-collar work, Boeing 747, book scanning, business logic, business process, call centre, cloud computing, company town, coronavirus, cotton gin, COVID-19, creative destruction, data science, Dava Sobel, deep learning, dematerialisation, deskilling, digital twin, Donald Trump, easy for humans, difficult for computers, electronic logging device, Elon Musk, Frederick Winslow Taylor, fulfillment center, gentrification, gig economy, global pandemic, global supply chain, guest worker program, Hans Moravec, heat death of the universe, hive mind, Hyperloop, immigration reform, income inequality, independent contractor, industrial robot, interchangeable parts, intermodal, inventory management, Jacquard loom, Jeff Bezos, Jessica Bruder, job automation, John Maynard Keynes: Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren, Joseph Schumpeter, Kaizen: continuous improvement, Kanban, Kiva Systems, level 1 cache, Lewis Mumford, lockdown, lone genius, Lyft, machine readable, Malacca Straits, Mark Zuckerberg, market bubble, minimum wage unemployment, Nomadland, Ocado, operation paperclip, Panamax, Pearl River Delta, planetary scale, pneumatic tube, polynesian navigation, post-Panamax, random stow, ride hailing / ride sharing, robot derives from the Czech word robota Czech, meaning slave, Rodney Brooks, rubber-tired gantry crane, scientific management, self-driving car, sensor fusion, Shenzhen special economic zone , Shoshana Zuboff, Silicon Valley, six sigma, skunkworks, social distancing, South China Sea, special economic zone, spinning jenny, standardized shipping container, Steve Jobs, supply-chain management, surveillance capitalism, TED Talk, the scientific method, Tim Cook: Apple, Toyota Production System, traveling salesman, Turing test, two-sided market, Uber and Lyft, Uber for X, uber lyft, Upton Sinclair, vertical integration, warehouse automation, warehouse robotics, workplace surveillance

Nearly everyone who has ever worked in an Amazon fulfillment center has a story about the moment they realized this. “America’s appetite for sex toys—indicated by the sheer number and variety of dildos and butt plugs passing through Amazon warehouses—is a subject of fascination to many workers,” wrote Jessica Bruder, who interviewed dozens of temporary Amazon workers for Nomadland, her chronicle of America’s surprisingly large population of itinerant temps. Because Tyler is a triumph of evolution who was protected and nurtured as an infant by an extended network of caring adults who tolerated in him, as is the case with all human babies, a period of neoteny longer than that of any other animal on Earth, he was able to acquire the intelligence and finesse required to reach into the (frequently overstuffed) bin and, based only on a name and the two-dimensional image he just glanced at, grab just the right item.

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See also management systems Bien Hoa, Vietnam, 17, 19 big-box stores, 167 Binh Duong port, Vietnam, 19 BlackBerry, 284, 286 Borges, Jorge Luis, 142 the box. See containerized shipping Brady, Tye, 247–48 Brandeis, Louis, 87, 98, 103 Braun, Wernher von, 144 Brookings Institution, 76, 235 Brooks, Rodney, 218 Bruder, Jessica, Nomadland, 187 Brussels (shipping vessel), voyage of, 26–27, 29–43 Bureau of Labor Statistics, 111 business unionism, 278 BuzzFeed News, 276 Cai Mep International Terminal, Vietnam, 11, 16, 19–23, 26, 27, 30, 32–34, 37 Čapek, Karel, 219 cargo plans, 32–35 carpal tunnel syndrome, 200 Carter, Jimmy, 110 CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), 9, 68 CDL (commercial driver’s license), 115, 220 cell phones.

Snowden's Box: Trust in the Age of Surveillance by Jessica Bruder, Dale Maharidge

air gap, anti-communist, Bay Area Rapid Transit, Berlin Wall, Black Lives Matter, blockchain, Broken windows theory, Burning Man, Cambridge Analytica, cashless society, Chelsea Manning, citizen journalism, computer vision, crowdsourcing, deep learning, digital rights, disinformation, Donald Trump, Edward Snowden, Elon Musk, end-to-end encryption, Evgeny Morozov, Ferguson, Missouri, Filter Bubble, Firefox, information security, Internet of things, Jeff Bezos, Jessica Bruder, John Perry Barlow, Julian Assange, Laura Poitras, license plate recognition, Mark Zuckerberg, mass incarceration, medical malpractice, messenger bag, Neil Armstrong, Nomadland, Occupy movement, off grid, off-the-grid, pattern recognition, Peter Thiel, Robert Bork, Seymour Hersh, Shoshana Zuboff, Silicon Valley, Skype, social graph, Steven Levy, surveillance capitalism, tech bro, Tim Cook: Apple, web of trust, WikiLeaks

Like Dale, I felt utterly unprepared for anything that might happen. Being a journalist was no help — I couldn’t talk about anything that was going on, and, besides, much of my reporting focused on subcultures. I had written a book about Burning Man and was now in the early stages of researching a new one, Nomadland, about older Americans who’d traded traditional homes for vans and RVs, becoming itinerant workers to navigate an increasingly polarized economy. The whole situation continued to make me uneasy. Meanwhile, Snowden had fled from Hong Kong and was stranded in Moscow, where he was seeking asylum. Greenwald was in Rio de Janeiro, where he lived.

Nomadland: Surviving America in the Twenty-First Century by Jessica Bruder

Affordable Care Act / Obamacare, back-to-the-land, big-box store, Boeing 747, Burning Man, cognitive dissonance, company town, crowdsourcing, fulfillment center, full employment, game design, gender pay gap, gentrification, Gini coefficient, income inequality, independent contractor, Jeff Bezos, Jessica Bruder, job automation, Mars Rover, new economy, Nomadland, off grid, off-the-grid, payday loans, Pepto Bismol, precariat, prosperity theology / prosperity gospel / gospel of success, Ronald Reagan, satellite internet, Saturday Night Live, sharing economy, six sigma, supply-chain management, traumatic brain injury, union organizing, urban sprawl, Wayback Machine, white picket fence, Y2K

Nomadland SURVIVING AMERICA IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY JESSICA BRUDER W. W. NORTON & COMPANY INDEPENDENT PUBLISHERS SINCE 1923 NEW YORK LONDON For Dale “There’s a crack in everything. That is how the light gets in.” —LEONARD COHEN “The capitalists don’t want anyone living off their economic grid.” —ANONYMOUS COMMENTER, AZDAILYSUN.COM CONTENTS FOREWORD Part One 1. The Squeeze Inn 2. The End 3. Surviving America 4. Escape Plan Part Two 5. Amazon Town 6. The Gathering Place 7. The Rubber Tramp Rendezvous 8. Halen 9. Some Unbeetable Experiences Part Three 10.

Fulfillment: Winning and Losing in One-Click America by Alec MacGillis

"RICO laws" OR "Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations", Airbnb, Amazon Web Services, Bernie Sanders, Big Tech, Black Lives Matter, call centre, carried interest, cloud computing, cognitive dissonance, company town, coronavirus, COVID-19, data science, death of newspapers, deindustrialization, Donald Trump, edge city, fulfillment center, future of work, gentrification, George Floyd, Glass-Steagall Act, global pandemic, Great Leap Forward, high net worth, housing crisis, Ida Tarbell, income inequality, information asymmetry, Jeff Bezos, Jeffrey Epstein, Jessica Bruder, jitney, Kiva Systems, lockdown, Lyft, mass incarceration, McMansion, megaproject, microapartment, military-industrial complex, new economy, Nomadland, offshore financial centre, Oklahoma City bombing, opioid epidemic / opioid crisis, plutocrats, Ralph Nader, rent control, Richard Florida, ride hailing / ride sharing, Robert Mercer, Ronald Reagan, San Francisco homelessness, shareholder value, Silicon Valley, social distancing, strikebreaker, tech worker, Travis Kalanick, uber lyft, uranium enrichment, War on Poverty, warehouse robotics, white flight, winner-take-all economy, women in the workforce, working-age population, Works Progress Administration

fired by an algorithm: Colin Lecher, “How Amazon Automatically Tracks and Fires Warehouse Workers for ‘Productivity,’” The Verge, April 25, 2019, https://theverge.com/2019/4/25/18516004/amazon-warehouse-fulfillment-centers-productivity-firing-terminations. somewhat higher-skilled jobs: “What Amazon Does to Wages,” The Economist, January 20, 2018. the CamperForce of retirees: Jessica Bruder, Nomadland: Surviving America in the Twenty-First Century (New York: W. W. Norton, 2017). almost designed to isolate employees: Emily Guendelsberger, On the Clock: What Low-Wage Work Did to Me and How It Drives America Insane (New York: Little, Brown, 2019), 52. the company deployed tried-and-true defenses: See discussion of failed 2014 unionizing effort by Amazon equipment maintenance and repair technicians in Delaware in Duhigg, “Is Amazon Unstoppable?”