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subthreshold slope thus defines a certain minimal threshold voltage. Reducing the threshold voltage is an essential part for the idea of constant fieldOBD-II PIDs (2,588 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Rich to lean sensor threshold voltage 0102 O2 Sensor Monitor Bank 1 Sensor 2 0.00 1.275 V 0.005 Rich to lean sensor threshold voltage 0103 O2 Sensor MonitorDiode (7,414 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
receivers. A diode's behavior is often simplified as having a forward threshold voltage or turn-on voltage or cut-in voltage, above which there is significantDepletion and enhancement modes (827 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
NMOS logic, for example). For N-type depletion-load devices, the threshold voltage might be about −3 V, so it could be turned off by pulling the gateVMOS (685 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the gate oxide and consequently, the trapped electrons shift the threshold voltage of the MOSFET. For this reason, the V-groove architecture is no longerTaylor cone (905 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
processes from which a jet of charged particles emanates above a threshold voltage. Aside from electrospray ionization in mass spectrometry, the TaylorThin-film diode (433 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
low applied voltages, but then begin to conduct electricity above a threshold voltage, of either positive or negative polarity. Owing to this behavior theseWafer testing (734 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
structures are provided for WPT to test parameters like transistor threshold voltage or gain, interconnect resistance, capacitance, diodes, etc. ConsiderablePropagation delay (679 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
voltage can increase propagation delay since the upper switching threshold voltage, VIH (often expressed as a percentage of the high-voltage supply rail)KCNQ channels (120 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
are expressed in the nervous system. They constitute a group of low-threshold voltage-gated K+ channels originally termed the ‘M-channel’ (see M-current)Peek's law (287 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
namely the surface irregularities result in diminishing the corona threshold voltage. r is the radius of the wires in cm. S is the distance between theInhibitory postsynaptic potential (2,705 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
reverse potential of the postsynaptic potential, action potential threshold voltage, ionic permeability of the ion channel, as well as the concentrationsVoltage multiplier (2,548 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
switching threshold voltage such as the Mandal-Sarpeshkar multiplier or the Wu multiplier. Other circuits cancel out the threshold voltage: the UmedaSummation (neurophysiology) (2,334 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
total of many individual inputs, summation may or may not reach the threshold voltage to trigger an action potential. Neurotransmitters released from theField effect (semiconductor) (985 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
charge in the inversion layer becomes very significant at an applied threshold voltage, and once the applied voltage exceeds this value charge neutralityCapacitive sensing (2,506 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
determined using only the final voltage. Alternatively if using a fixed threshold voltage, then instead only need to measure the charging time duration to reachTwisted nematic field effect (2,277 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
amount of opacity can be controlled by varying the voltage. Below a threshold voltage, which depends on the liquid crystal's mixture, no visual change occursSafe operating area (1,156 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
gate-source voltage tends to be very close to the threshold voltage. Unfortunately the threshold voltage decreases as temperature increases, so that if thereSilicon on insulator (1,979 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
concerns about differential stress in the topmost silicon layer. The threshold voltage of the transistor depends on the history of operation and appliedP–n diode (3,620 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
turn-on, cut-in, or threshold voltage) is reached, whose value depends on the semiconductor (listed in Diode § Forward threshold voltage for various semiconductors)Nanoelectronics (2,866 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
channel (electron density) and attainment of threshold voltage (IV) in a nanowire MOSFET. Note that the threshold voltage for this device lies around 0.45V.Frank Wanlass (450 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
four-phase logic. He was also remembered for his contribution to solving threshold voltage stability in MOS transistors due to sodium ion drift. In 1991, WanlassJoule thief (1,389 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
control: when the voltage across the capacitor C1 is higher than the threshold voltage formed by Zener voltage of D2 plus the base-emitter turn-on voltageTransistor–transistor logic (3,923 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
in parallel, the current flows through the path with the smaller threshold voltage. That is, current flows out of this input and into the zero (low)Surge protector (7,121 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
internal structure is changed and its threshold voltage reduced slightly. After many spikes the threshold voltage can reduce enough to be near the lineGeSbTe (2,260 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
where current is very low in the amorphous state at low voltage until threshold voltage is reached. Current increases rapidly after the voltage snapback.Low-temperature polycrystalline silicon (1,500 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
which the outgoing current from the transistor is independent of the threshold voltage, thus producing uniform brightness. LTPS-TFT is commonly used to driveOscilloscope (8,499 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
specified threshold voltage in a specified direction. These are the most common types of triggers; the level control sets the threshold voltage, and theVoltage drop (756 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
characteristic voltage drop when forward-biased (see Diode § Forward threshold voltage for various semiconductors for a list of values). The energy is dissipatedVoltage doubler (2,901 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
diode-wired MOSFET when it is in the on state must be at least the gate threshold voltage which might typically be 0.9 V. This voltage "doubler" will only succeedEnvelope detector (1,001 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
particularly if the input signal is symmetric about the horizontal axis. Low threshold voltage diodes (e.g. germanium or Schottky diodes) may be preferable for trackingDepolarizing prepulse (1,817 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
much slower than that of an m gate, therefore if one precedes a sub-threshold voltage stimulation with a hyperpolarizing prepulse, the value of h may beAction potential (16,431 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
to open if the membrane potential increases to a precisely defined threshold voltage, depolarising the transmembrane potential. When the channels openDynamic frequency scaling (1,468 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
more and more important as transistor sizes have become smaller and threshold voltage levels are reduced. A decade ago, dynamic power accounted for approximatelyDiode–transistor logic (1,345 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
0V. Thus for example a NPN gate driven by a PNP gate would see the threshold voltage of -6V in the middle of the range of 0V to -12V. Similarly for theTL431 (3,865 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
mode at an ambient temperature of +25 °C (77 °F), and ICA=10 mA. The threshold voltage and the boundary between low-transconductance and high-transconductancePennywhistle modem (759 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the "one" voltage generated by the PLL on a capacitor and set the threshold voltage to a fixed offset. The capacitor would slowly recharge and be resetChalcogenide glass (1,418 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
exhibit sharp, reversible transitions in electrical resistance above a threshold voltage. If current is allowed to persist in the non-crystalline materialGrayanotoxin (2,177 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(opened) only when the cell membrane potential reaches a specific threshold voltage. This activated conformation allows for an influx of sodium ions resultingGeiger–Müller tube (4,296 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
atomic weight. Addition of polyatomic organic quenchers increases threshold voltage, due to dissipation of large percentage of collisions energy in molecularUltraRAM (1,113 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
mV/dec have previously been demonstrated. Consequently, due to the threshold voltage window of 350 mV in the devices designed by the Lancaster team, oneLaser-assisted device alteration (566 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
turn on. For PMOS, however, the effect is to lower the transistor threshold voltage. The effect on the PMOS transistor becomes proportionately strongerRing oscillator (1,290 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
power to operate. Above a certain voltage, typical well below the threshold voltage of the MOSFETs used, oscillations begin spontaneously. To increaseJohn McGinness (1,010 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
The chalcogenide glasses show "switching", in which an applied "threshold voltage" reversibly switches a material from a low-conductivity "OFF" stateRefractory period (physiology) (1,304 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
of the membrane, a stronger stimulus will be required to reach the threshold voltage, and thus, initiate another action potential. This period is the relativeFin field-effect transistor (2,338 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Sekigawa, Toshihiro; Hayashi, Yutaka (August 1984). "Calculated threshold-voltage characteristics of an XMOS transistor having an additional bottomCharge trap flash (4,562 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
between the gate and the channel to trap charges that would impact the threshold voltage of the transistor. Charge trap (CT) memory was introduced with MNOSCharge trap flash (4,562 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
between the gate and the channel to trap charges that would impact the threshold voltage of the transistor. Charge trap (CT) memory was introduced with MNOSTransmission gate (907 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
denote those positions at which the voltage to be switched has reached a potential, where the threshold voltage of the respective transistor is reached.Pass transistor logic (955 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
disadvantages of pass transistor logic become more significant; the threshold voltage of transistors becomes large compared to the supply voltage, severelySrimanta Baishya (576 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Head of the department. S. Baishya, A. Mallik, and C. K. Sarkar, “A Threshold Voltage Model for Short-Channel MOSFETs Taking into Account the Varying DepthGunn diode (1,824 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Current-voltage (IV) curve of a Gunn diode. It shows negative resistance above the threshold voltage (Vthreshold)Current mirror (4,083 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
good matching of their properties, such as channel length, width, threshold voltage, etc., the relationship IOUT = f(VGS, VDG = 0) applies, thus settingShunt (electrical) (1,640 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
current limiting circuit to open. All semiconductor diodes have a threshold voltage – typically between 0.5 volt and 1 volt – that must be exceeded beforeTransistor (10,421 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
at a roughly quadratic rate: (IDS ∝ (VGS − VT)2, where VT is the threshold voltage at which drain current begins) in the "space-charge-limited" regionAMOLED (1,918 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Yung-Chih (2007). "A Novel LTPS-TFT Pixel Circuit Compensating for TFT Threshold-Voltage Shift and OLED Degradation for AMOLED". IEEE Electron Device LettersMIL-STD-883 (848 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
1021.3 Dose rate upset testing of digital microcircuits 1022 Mosfet threshold voltage 1023.3 Dose rate response of linear microcircuits 1030.2 Preseal burn-inCapacitance–voltage profiling (862 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
high-frequency C–V profile. Pay particular attention to the shift in threshold voltage with different oxide thicknesses. These measurements continue to beNano-RAM (2,371 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
screens the CG from the channel of the transistor and modifies the threshold voltage (VT) of the transistor. By writing and controlling the amount of chargeExplorer 33 (2,754 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
1966. From 2 September 1966, the ion chamber operated at a lower threshold voltage. A wide-aperture, multi-grid potential analyzer was used to observeList of semiconductor scale examples (6,003 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Masaharu; Hori, Ryoichi; Minato, Osamu; Sato, Kikuji (February 1976). "A threshold voltage controlling circuit for short channel MOS integrated circuits". 1976Local oxidation nanolithography (1,512 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
sample whenever the amplitude of the voltage pulse is above a certain threshold voltage. When the liquid meniscus is created the applied voltage pulse causesHigh-electron-mobility transistor (2,562 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
electrons gas does not appear. When a positive voltage greater than the threshold voltage is applied to the gate, electrons accumulate at the interface andTRIAC (3,487 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Parameter Typical value Unit V gt {\displaystyle V_{\text{gt}}} Gate threshold voltage 0.7–1.5 V I gt {\displaystyle I_{\text{gt}}} Gate threshold currentMulti-level cell (2,305 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
MLC NAND than SLC due to the need to read the same data at a second threshold voltage to help resolve errors. TLC and QLC devices may need to read the sameTurbo code (2,732 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
to decide if an internal analog voltage is above or below a given threshold voltage level. For a turbo code decoder, the front end would provide an integerNanoIntegris (1,008 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Hysterisis in the current-voltage curves as well as variability in the threshold voltage are issues that remain to be solved on the way to nanotube-enabledBiological neuron model (14,910 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
it from firing during that period. For constant input I(t)=I the threshold voltage is reached after an integration time tint=CVthr/I after starting fromResistor ladder (1,552 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
TT Electronics. "R/2R Ladder Networks" (Application note). Logic Threshold Voltage Levels. Kester, Walt (2009). "MT-015 Tutorial: Basic DAC ArchitecturesWilliam Duane (physicist) (1,412 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
Duane-Hunt law, relating the minimum wavelength of X-rays to the threshold voltage of the cathode rays that excite them; and Duane's hypothesis of quantizedMemory cell (computing) (3,022 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
the FG is maintained there, allowing modulation of the ‘apparent’ threshold voltage (i.e. VT seen from the CG) of the cell transistor. Dynamic random-accessMASTAR MOSFET Model (549 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
165–168 Skotnicki, T.; Marciniak, W. (1986), "A new approach to threshold voltage modelling of short-channel MOSFETS", Solid-State Electronics, volKCNB1 (3,755 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
conditions, KCNB1 tends to be phosphorylated. Phosphorylation raises the threshold voltage requirement for activation and allows microdomains to bind the channelPhotolithography (6,445 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(specifically, sodium ions can migrate in and out of the gate, changing the threshold voltage of the transistor and making it harder or easier to turn the transistorCaridoid escape reaction (4,082 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
blocked by reducing the driving force of the signal and increasing the threshold voltage. The early synapse also causes current to leak through the activeElectrostatic precipitator (4,664 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
increased from small amounts (e.g. 20 V), no current is measured. Then, a threshold voltage level is reached. At this level, current surges through the sampleRelaxation oscillator (3,039 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
capacitor. When the voltage across the capacitor drops to some lower threshold voltage, the device stops conducting and the capacitor begins charging againCoherer (3,109 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(1904), for a specific electromagnetic receiver. Because they are threshold voltage detectors, coherers had difficulty discriminating between the impulsiveIon implantation (4,205 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
its vicinity. The technique is used, for example, for adjusting the threshold voltage of a MOSFET. Ion implantation is practical due to the high sensitivityPearson–Anson effect (2,503 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the electrodes, the gas conducts almost no electric current until a threshold voltage is reached (point b), called the firing or breakdown voltage, Vb.Moore's law (10,698 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
electron density as gate voltage (Vg) varies in a nanowire MOSFET. The threshold voltage is around 0.45 V. Nanowire MOSFETs lie toward the end of the ITRSPower inverter (6,518 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and temporarily stored in a high voltage capacitor until a pre-set threshold voltage is reached. When the threshold (set by way of an airgap or TRIAC)Mostek (2,567 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
doping profiles, especially in lowering enhancement-mode transistor threshold voltage and providing depletion-load transistors. Using ion implantation,Caesium (10,025 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
cathodes, such as the intermetallic compound K 2CsSb, have a low threshold voltage for emission of electrons. The range of photoemissive devices usingSchmitt trigger (4,738 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
drop across resistor (R1) decides the reference voltages i.e., upper threshold voltage (V+) and lower threshold voltages (V−) for the comparison with inputPhosphor (5,641 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
lattice. Phosphor aging leads to decreased brightness and elevated threshold voltage. ZnS-based phosphors in CRTs and FEDs degrade by surface excitationAdvanced Linear Devices (1,242 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
enabling finely-tuned control of specific parameters such as gate threshold voltage. ALD optimizes the Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect TransistorList of MOSFET applications (14,462 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Whenever the gate voltage exceeds the source voltage by at least a threshold voltage, the MOSFET conducts. The higher the voltage, the more the MOSFETLiquid-crystal display (14,241 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
properly by keeping the RMS voltage of non-activated pixels below the threshold voltage as discovered by Peter J. Wild in 1972, while activated pixels areDelay calculation (1,115 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
critical to capture the dependence on the underlying variables, such as threshold voltage and metal thickness, since these result in correlations among theElectron mobility (7,202 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\mu C_{i}}{2}}{\frac {W}{L}}(V_{GS}-V_{th})^{2}.} where Vth is the threshold voltage. This approximation ignores the Early effect (channel length modulation)Rectifier (8,969 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{rms} }({\text{For secondary coil.}})} See also: Diode § Forward threshold voltage for various semiconductors A real rectifier characteristically dropsSingle-electron transistor (3,695 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{th}}=\left|V_{\rm {bias}}\right|\geq {\frac {e}{2C}},} (that is, the threshold voltage is reduced by half compared with a single transition). When the appliedElectrospinning (5,721 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Processing Parameters Voltage Fiber formation occurs only after a certain threshold voltage. Higher voltages cause greater stretching of the solution with reductionNonsynaptic plasticity (5,503 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
excitatory and inhibitory signals depolarize the cell membrane to the threshold voltage, an action potential is fired. Changing the intrinsic excitabilityList of Intel codenames (1,536 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of operating at power levels under 10 mW; Intel calls this a near-threshold voltage processor. Reference unknown. 2011 Clarkdale CPU Dual-core desktopEnergy proportional computing (3,935 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
individually controlled for scaling or gating of the power supply. Multi-threshold voltage designs: Different transistors in the design use different thresholdPotential applications of carbon nanotubes (15,608 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Hysterisis in the current-voltage curses as well as variability in the threshold voltage remain to be solved. In 2015, researchers announced a new way to connectLight-emitting diode (17,099 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
sensitive to voltage. They must be supplied with a voltage above their threshold voltage and a current below their rating. Current and lifetime change greatly