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Longer titles found: Square root biased sampling (view), Square root of 2 (view), Square root of 3 (view), Square root of 4 (view), Square root of 5 (view), Square root of 6 (view), Square root of 7 (view), Square root of 9 (view), Square root of a 2 by 2 matrix (view), Square root of a matrix (view), Fast inverse square root (view), Square Root Day (view), Methods of computing square roots (view), Integer square root (view), Functional square root (view), Blackout in the Square Root of Soul (view), Penrose square root law (view), Square Roots (disambiguation) (view), Conjugate (square roots) (view)

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2 (two) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 1 and preceding 3. It is the smallest and the only even prime number. Because

Generate a random number, square it modulo n, and have the efficient square root algorithm find a root. Repeat until it returns a number not equal to

instantaneous interest rate r t {\displaystyle r_{t}} with a Feller square-root process, whose stochastic differential equation is d r t = a ( b − r

Squaring the circle is a problem in geometry first proposed in Greek mathematics. It is the challenge of constructing a square with the area of a given

Antic Café (アンティック-珈琲店-, Antikku Kafe, nicknamed An Cafe) is a Japanese pop rock band formed in 2003 and signed to Sony Music Japan. Their visual image

that 106 − 2 = 999,998 = 62 × 1272, the decimal representation of the square root of 62 has a curiosity in its digits: 62 {\displaystyle {\sqrt {62}}}

But a philosopher who is caught equating the erectile organ to the square root of minus one has, for my money, blown his credentials when it comes to

that the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass of its particles. This formula is stated as: Rate 1

extraction of square root with example of ( 63342 ) = 255 371 511 {\displaystyle {\sqrt {(}}63342)=255{\frac {371}{511}}} Kushyar ibn Labban square root extraction

spectral density is the square root of the noise power spectral density, and is given in units such as volts per square root of hertz, V / H z {\displaystyle

concepts, such as the DRMS (distance root mean square), which is the square root of the average squared distance error, a form of the standard deviation

jets is proportional to the square root of the shaped charge liner density (typically copper) divided by the square root of the target density. On a weight

deviation of the surface elevation – or equivalently as four times the square root of the zeroth-order moment (area) of the wave spectrum. The symbol Hm0

c is the speed of sound in the medium, which in air varies with the square root of the thermodynamic temperature. By definition, at Mach 1, the local

and so, invertible. The inverse function here is called the (positive) square root function and is denoted by x ↦ x {\displaystyle x\mapsto {\sqrt {x}}}

general quadratic equation 18.44. Diminish by the middle [number] the square-root of the rupas multiplied by four times the square and increased by the

Columbia University. In fact a similar index (with the addition of a square root) was proposed earlier (in 1945) by Albert O. Hirschman. Thus, it is usually

⌈ n ⌉ {\displaystyle k=\lceil {\sqrt {n}}\rceil \,} which takes the square root of the number of data points in the sample and rounds to the next integer

quantity being estimated. In an analogy to standard deviation, taking the square root of MSE yields the root-mean-square error or root-mean-square deviation

any measurable physical quantity. In brief, the law states that the square root of the frequency of the emitted X-ray is approximately proportional to

the measure is dependent on the scale of the numbers used. RMSD is the square root of the average of squared errors. The effect of each error on RMSD is

periodic expansions. The period of the square root of 19 has length 6, which is greater than the period of the square root of any smaller number. The period

over the non-negative real line. It is the distribution of the positive square root of a sum of squared independent Gaussian random variables. Equivalently

one can show that the relative fluctuations reduce as the reciprocal square root of the number of throws, a result valid for all statistical fluctuations

waves, which increases with the water's depth. It is proportional to the square root of the depth, for the extremely long gravity waves that transport the

a collision is provably as difficult as finding a nontrivial modular square root of a very smooth number modulo n. The other one uses a prime modulus

precision, respectively. The square root unit executes square root and reciprocal square root instructions. Square root instructions have an 18- or 33-cycle

tree. If a graph G is the square of a tree, then it has a unique tree square root Some vocabulary necessary to understand this proof and the methods used

division of fractions and the extraction of square and cubic roots (square root of 57,342; cubic root of 3, 652, 296) almost in the modern manner. Al-Nasawī

square root of α and that r3 + r4 is the other square root of α. For the same reason, r1 + r3 is a square root of β, r2 + r4 is the other square root

compared to an equivalent scanning monochromator, of the order of the square root of m, where m is the number of sample points comprising the spectrum

of the boundary layer to see if entrance effects can be ignored. The square root of this number is also referred to as Stokes number, Stk = Wo {\displaystyle

properties of matter fall into these two categories. For example, the square root of the volume is neither intensive nor extensive. If a system is doubled

{\displaystyle {\frac {\sqrt {x+2}}{x^{2}-3}},} because the numerator contains a square root function. In the algebraic fraction a b {\displaystyle {\tfrac {a}{b}}}

square root approximation PFRCPIT1 – Packed floating-point reciprocal, first iteration step PFRSQIT1 – Packed floating-point reciprocal square root,

Dirac operator is a first-order differential operator that is a formal square root, or half-iterate, of a second-order differential operator such as a Laplacian

under what conditions. When restricted to the field of real numbers, the square root of a negative number is undefined, as no real number exists which, when

Robert Fripp and a remix by The Square Root of Sub. The 2002 reissue of the album excludes the remix by The Square Root of Sub and moves the Fripp-based

the positive square root e0 = 1 into the negative square root eiπ = −1. This problem arises because the point z = 0 has just one square root, while every

subtracted, the result has a rational square root also with a finite sexagesimal representation. This square root, in fact, equals 1 2 ( x − 1 x ) {\displaystyle

years later he wrote, produced, and directed his first feature, The Square Root of Zero (1964). In 1965 he left New York City for Hollywood, where he

combined to estimate a total response. A typical combination method is the square root of the sum of the squares (SRSS) if the modal frequencies are not close

Tsai. The Square Root of Love featuring Karen Finley and John Sims This duet show featured: Many Moods of Love by Karen Finley and Square Root of Love by

or more syllables in three 10-sentence samples, estimate the count's square root (from the nearest perfect square), and add 3. A 2010 study published

that the solubility of a diatomic gas in metal is proportional to the square root of the partial pressure of the gas in thermodynamic equilibrium. Hydrogen

larger classes of functions, we can for example define rigorously the "square root" of the (negative) Laplacian operator −Δ or the exponential e i t Δ

Ramanujan (1915). For example, the number with the most divisors per square root of the number itself is 12; this can be demonstrated using some highly

passing through a wire varies inversely with the square root of its length and directly with the square root of its cross-sectional area, or, in modern terminology:

a one-way model involving a square root operator. They are obtained by applying rational approximations to the square root operator. After a one-way model

income which is equivalised by dividing income by the square root of household size; the square root is used to acknowledge that people sharing accommodation

dependent variable. The coefficient of multiple correlation is known as the square root of the coefficient of determination, but under the particular assumptions

Alpha Architecture. It introduces nine instructions for floating-point square-root and for transferring data to and from the integer registers and floating-point

number of votes of each member state is roughly proportional to the square root of the population. The Roman assemblies provided for weighted voting

follows: Let C0 be the real number system. For every n > 0 let in be a square root of −1, that is, an imaginary unit. Then C n + 1 = { z = x + y i n + 1

interval of length 1. The scaling factor for the spatial axis must be square root of the scaling factor for the time axis. The process resulting from this

variance of unit weight in the context of weighted least squares. Its square root is called regression standard error, standard error of the regression

an integration point. For 2D analysis, it is calculated by taking the square root of the area. For 3D analysis, it is calculated by taking the cubic root

algebra, a nested radical is a radical expression (one containing a square root sign, cube root sign, etc.) that contains (nests) another radical expression

to the square root of its density, and given the relationship between density and molar mass, also inversely proportional to the square root of its molar

integral signs and a square-root sign without a vinculum. Until 2010 or so, the Unicode glyph U+221A corresponding to the square-root sign (the HTML entity

(OEIS: A182097) Square root of two 2 {\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}} 1.414213562373095048801688724210 √2 = 2 sin 45° = 2 cos 45° Square root of two a.k.a. Pythagoras'

exactly one of which is also in Qn The unique square root of a in Qn is called the principal square root of a modulo n The function f : Qn → Qn defined

handle the nonlinearity. The UKF requires the calculation of a matrix square root of the state error covariance matrix, which is used to determine the

the squared gradients for each weight and dividing the gradient by the square root of the mean square.[citation needed] RPROP is a batch update algorithm

ISBN 978-0-8218-9091-2. Mazur, Barry (2003). Imagining numbers : (particularly the square root of minus fifteen). New York: Farrar Straus Giroux. ISBN 0-312-42187-7

Bortolotti, the founder of Cappella. Their best-known hits were "2 √ 231" ("2 Square Root 231") and "Move Your Body", featuring rapper MC Fixx It. "Anticappella

which I modestly call Grosch's law, giving added economy only as the square root of the increase in speed — that is, to do a calculation ten times as

functions are defined for complex numbers, where applicable. For example the square root of −1 is a complex number: ? (sqrt -1) #C(0 1) ; the result of (sqrt

it as an empirical principle. The mathematical logic is known as the square-root-of-the-sum-of-the-squares axiom. This states that the variation caused

norm. An inner product space is a normed vector space whose norm is the square root of the inner product of a vector and itself. The Euclidean norm of a

the real numbers add all infinite decimals. Complex numbers add the square root of −1. This chain of extensions canonically embeds the natural numbers

of the conjecture as given by Auscher et al. is: "the domain of the square root of a uniformly complex elliptic operator L = − d i v ( A ∇ ) {\displaystyle

a square root of 2 in Z 7 {\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} _{7}} which is congruent to 4 (mod 7) instead of 3 (mod 7) and in fact this second square root would

proportional to the gain. An antenna's effective length is proportional to the square root of the antenna's gain for a particular frequency and radiation resistance

cereal=4 dou 1 4 {\displaystyle {\frac {1}{4}}} Algorithm for extraction of square root was described in Jiuzhang suanshu and with minor difference in terminology

uS(u))} , so that all that is required is that it have a central square root with the above properties. Here A {\displaystyle A} is a vector space

constant. In a transmission line, signal velocity is the reciprocal of the square root of the capacitance-inductance product, where inductance and capacitance

True RMS provides a more correct value that is proportional to the square root of the average of the square of the curve, and not to the average of

systems, the specific impulse increases as the square root of the temperature, and inversely as the square root of the molecular mass of the exhaust. In the

and the quarks. Algebraically they behave, in a certain sense, as the "square root" of a vector. This is not readily apparent from direct examination, but

{3}{\sqrt[{3}]{4}}},} the square root is not real, and one has to choose, for the square root, either non-real square root. Thus the cubic root has to

version of the amendment adopted by Congress, assuming the contemporary square-root rule interpretation and not the purely textualist linear interpretation

and square-root instructions are executed in the same FPUs, but are assisted by specialized hardware. Single-precision (32-bit) divide and square-root instructions

{[(R-d)^{2}-r^{2}][r^{2}-(R+d)^{2}]}}{2d}}} . Negative values under the square root indicate that the rims of the two circles do not touch because the circles

centered by shifting it by its mean of n/2, and scaling the result by the square root of its variance: ϕ ( x ) ≈ n ≫ 0 n 12 f X ( x n 12 + n 2 ; n ) {\displaystyle

Dirac delta function supported on the coadjoint orbits, weighted by the square-root of the Jacobian of the exponential map, denoted by j {\displaystyle j}

seen as the square root of the implied volatility of a variance swap – and not that of a volatility swap, volatility being the square root of variance

second moment about the mean (or the standard deviation, which is the square root of the variance). The most well-known two-moment decision model is that

to the square root of the power, thus for a broad boxcar spectrum (continuous broadband source), the noise is proportional to the square root of m, thus

not provide polynomial-time solutions for NP-complete problems (as the square root of an exponential function is still an exponential, not a polynomial

with a scale parameter measuring speeds in units proportional to the square root of T / m {\displaystyle T/m} (the ratio of temperature and particle mass)

dividing each Hub score by square root of the sum of the squares of all Hub scores, and dividing each Authority score by square root of the sum of the squares

is the domain of the square root and logarithm functions. The other three quadrants do not belong in the domain because square root and logarithm are defined

annealing has also been proven to provide a fast Grover oracle for the square-root speedup in solving many NP-complete problems. Quantum annealing can be

practical limitation, because it is symmetrical. Using the variance (or its square root, the standard deviation) implies that uncertainty about better-than-expected

return MAR), and D R {\displaystyle DR} is the target semi-deviation (the square root of target semi-variance), termed downside deviation. D R {\displaystyle

in 1950. Grosch's Law is an aphorism that states "economy is as the square root of the speed." Born September 13, 1918, in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Grosch

specify random vibration. The root mean square acceleration (Grms) is the square root of the area under the ASD curve in the frequency domain. The Grms value

is the domain of the square root and logarithm functions. The other three quadrants do not belong in the domain because square root and logarithm are defined

It is related to one of the many Damköhler numbers, Hatta being the square root of such a Damköhler number of the second type. Conceptually the Hatta

}}}} The Moens–Korteweg equation states that PWV is proportional to the square root of the incremental elastic modulus, (Einc), of the vessel wall given

increase due to microarchitecture advances is roughly proportional to [the] square root of [the] increase in complexity". This contrasts with power consumption

in particular that the expected ice accretion is proportional to the square root of the number of degree days below freezing. It is named for Slovenian

replacement. The square root is a nonlinear function, and only linear functions commute with taking the expectation. Since the square root is a strictly

weighted in the formula. For example, the present formula takes the square root of the sail area rather than total area. The combination of weighted

the original on 2013-05-30. Retrieved 2013-12-20. "Anderson, Rick, The Square Root of Negative One - We™". Archived from the original on 2013-06-07. Retrieved

international voiceover cast from the film in different languages and "Square Root of Possible" performed by Madalen Mills, which was listed and considered

instruction cache and an 8 KB data cache. The floating-point divide and square-root microcode were mechanically proven. The floating-point transcendental

result is that the ridge height or ocean depth is proportional to the square root of its age. Oceanic lithosphere is continuously formed at a constant

be negative, such as in pseudo-Riemannian spaces. The reason for the square-root is a bit subtle: it effectively avoids double-counting as one goes from

matrices are real symmetric. There the resonance frequencies are the square root of the generalized eigenvalues. Study of a two-level system is of vital

variables are identical. The population value of distance variance is the square root of dVar 2 ⁡ ( X ) := E ⁡ [ ‖ X − X ′ ‖ 2 ] + E 2 ⁡ [ ‖ X − X ′ ‖ ] −

rating formula was: Rating in feet= (Length + Square root of sail area) divided by 4 + (length x square root of sail area) divided by 3 x cube root of weight

that the total work useful in breakage is inversely proportional to the square root of the diameter of the product particles, [implying] theoretically that

reinsurers in a given national market should be approximately equal to the square-root of the number of primary insurers active in the same market. Econometric

complete graphs, for which the typical diameter is proportional to the square root of the number of vertices, random minimum spanning trees of complete

ciphertext c {\displaystyle c} by taking its square root modulo n {\displaystyle n} as follows. Compute the square root of c {\displaystyle c} modulo p {\displaystyle

including that it is symmetric and it always has a finite value. The square root of the Jensen–Shannon divergence is a metric often referred to as Jensen–Shannon

signal processing, a root-raised-cosine filter (RRC), sometimes known as square-root-raised-cosine filter (SRRC), is frequently used as the transmit and receive

intervals are closer together. In addition to the above examples, a square root neutral third can be characterized by a ratio of 3 / 2 {\displaystyle

relevant concept, the variance-related diameter (VRD), defined as twice the square root of MSD, is also used in studying the transportation and mixing phenomena

conjugation. The product of an element and its conjugate (or sometimes the square root of this product) is called the norm. The symmetries of the real field

matrix. One choice for S {\displaystyle \mathbf {S} } is the symmetric square root of Σ {\displaystyle \mathbf {\Sigma } } , which is the standard deviation

energy distance between the distributions F and G is defined to be the square root of D 2 ( F , G ) = 2 E ⁡ ‖ X − Y ‖ − E ⁡ ‖ X − X ′ ‖ − E ⁡ ‖ Y − Y ′

including that it is symmetric and it always has a finite value. The square root of the Jensen–Shannon divergence is a metric often referred to as Jensen–Shannon

}}} , turns out to be ℓ {\displaystyle \scriptstyle \ell } times the square root of N — in other words, the average distance scales with N 0.5. A real

coefficient of the y term). Solve by 'finding the root method', then find the square root again." The algorithm is about setting up a double quadratic equation:

PRINT “THE SQUARE ROOT OF”; N; 120 PRINT “IS”; SQRT(N) 130 RETURN This code repeatedly asks the user to enter a number and reports the square root of the

Reserve between 1979 and 1982. They have found evidence supporting the square root Cox-Ingersoll-Ross model (CIR SR), a special case of the CKLS model with

We Got Here, which argues that Melville plus Nietzsche divided by the square root of (Allan) Bloom times Žižek (squared) equals Bannon, was released in

u ∗ {\displaystyle u_{*}} is friction velocity proportional to the square root of the shear stress between the wind and the sheet of moving sand. The

intramodal pulse distortion increases (bandwidth decreases) as the square root of length. The term equilibrium length is sometimes used to describe

Matthias Kesselschläger (Germany), 33 correct results, world record Square Root from 6-digit numbers, 10 tasks in 15 minutes Winner: Jan van Koningsveld

extension of the field of rational functions made by extracting the square root of a cubic. This does depend on having a K-rational point, which serves

Flying, the Maharishi proposed that the square root of 1 per cent of the population (around 6325 people, the square root of 40 million (1% of the global population

Imagining Numbers: (particularly the square root of minus fifteen) is a 2003 popular mathematics book by mathematician Barry Mazur. The aim of the book

waterline, and can be calculated using the formula: Vmax (in knots) = square root of LWL (in feet) x 1.34. The hull speed is the speed at which the wavelength

physically unviable. This was fixed by Dirac by taking the so-called square root of the Klein–Gordon operator and in turn introducing Dirac matrices.

{\tau _{+}-\tau _{-}}}}:\ 0\leq t\leq 1\right\},} where the square root is due to the square root self-similarity of Wiener process. That is, a W t / a {\displaystyle

in English: "the deviation of prices is directly proportional to the square root of time". He is also one of the first authors who tried to create a "stock

nth root Solution in radicals Radical symbol (√), used to indicate the square root and other roots Radical of an algebraic group, a concept in algebraic

constant temperature) propagate away from the margin according to a square root law, so that if the outermost meter of the magma takes ten years to cool

Negro Ensemble Company in 1970 for productions such as The River Niger, Square Root of the Soul, and The Brownsville Raid. Caesar also later worked with

} If we take the positive square root of both sides, we get: x = 2. {\displaystyle x=2.} We are not taking the square root of any negative values here

that in the long run productivity generally grows proportionally to the square root of output. In economics, this law pertains to the relationship between

speed and therefore the effusion rate are inversely proportional to the square root of the molecular weight. Gases with a lower molecular weight effuse more

that in the long run productivity generally grows proportionally to the square root of output. In economics, this law pertains to the relationship between

direction perpendicular to the magnetic field must be greater than about the square root of the mass ratio, m e m i {\displaystyle {\sqrt {\frac {m_{e}}{m_{i}}}}}

deviation of the surface elevation – or equivalently as four times the square root of the zeroth-order moment (area) of the wave spectrum. The symbol Hm0

(v sin i) for several open clusters was inversely proportional to the square root of the cluster's age. In the expression (v sin i), (v) is the velocity

positive Φ, its Kraus operators need not be unique. For example, any "square root" factorization of the Choi matrix CΦ = B∗B gives a set of Kraus operators

U_{n}(P,Q)} or V n ( P , Q ) {\displaystyle V_{n}(P,Q)} , allowing the square root of an integer R in place of the integer P. To ensure that the value is

excess return. The t-statistic will equal the Sharpe Ratio times the square root of T (the number of returns used for the calculation). The ex-post Sharpe

the "speed/length ratio", even though it is a ratio of speed to the square root of length. Because the hull speed is related to the length of the boat

Another method expresses the R explicitly but requires the use of a matrix square root: Q = M ( M T M ) − 1 2 {\displaystyle Q=M\left(M^{\mathrm {T} }M\right)^{-{\frac

quantified in terms of the standard deviation, σ, which is the positive square root of the variance. The value of a quantity and its error are then expressed

YBC 7289 (c. 1800–1600 BCE), showing a Babylonian approximation to the square root of 2 (1 24 51 10 w: sexagesimal) in the context of Pythagoras' Theorem

an example of an iterative method. Manual calculation of a number's square root is a common use and a well-known example. In computing, iteration is

f)^{2}x.} The resonant angular frequency in a series LC circuit equals the square root of the reciprocal of the product of the capacitance (C, with SI unit

reflection coefficient, which is used for single elements. The TARC is the square root of the sum of all outgoing powers at the ports, divided by the sum of

be no x where the absolute value of the Mertens function exceeds the square root of x. The Mertens conjecture was proven false in 1985 by Andrew Odlyzko

square root in Mononobe-Okabe's formula, when negative, to be arbitrarily replaced by unity AASHTO, in addition to the problem with the square root,

the desired result as a square we have to compute its square root first, and this square root could be an irrational number like 2 {\displaystyle {\sqrt

respectively. Division and square-root are not pipelined and are executed in separate units that share the FPU's ports. Division and square root have a latency of

(ignoring constant values) as the quotient of a normal distribution and the square root of an independent chi-squared distribution. Extending this definition

associated set of complex numbers. A complex number involves the use of the square root of minus one, a number which is described as "imaginary" in contrast

is simply the estimated variance of the variable, or equivalently the square root of the variance, called the standard deviation. Another measure in finance

fraction, a reciprocal of a positive integer Unit imaginary number, square root of negative 1 ( − 1 ) {\displaystyle ({\sqrt {-1}})} Unit impulse, an

equal to the reciprocal of noise-equivalent power (NEP), normalized per square root of the sensor's area and frequency bandwidth (reciprocal of twice the

(division and square root) instead of one, but on modern computers the reciprocal of the denominator can be computed at the same time as the square root via instruction

{\displaystyle m^{2}+1} : or in other words, a 'square root of -1 modulo p {\displaystyle p} ' . We claim such a square root of − 1 {\displaystyle -1} is given by

In this case, there is a unique positive map r : H → H, called the square-root of L, such that L = r ∘ r {\displaystyle L=r\circ r} . If L : H 1 → H

heating, penetrates from the surface is inversely proportional to the square root of the frequency. The temperature of the metals being welded and their

speed is the same as the propagation speed and is proportional to the square root of the wavelength. That wavelength is dependent upon the speed of the

chain randomly diffusing in 3D, the end-to-end distance would scale as a square root of the polymer length. For real polymers such as DNA, this gives only

resolution of about 100-300 ps Signal decay time is inversely proportional to square root of photoelectrons number within an excitation event The signal parameters

Sets and Fuzzy Logic. Prentice–Hall, New Jersey Hayes, B. (1995) The square root of NOT. American Scientist, 83, 304–308 Deutsch, D., Ekert, A. and Lupacchini

follows an asymptotic χ2-distribution with one degree of freedom. The square root of the single-restriction Wald statistic can be understood as a (pseudo)

Sets and Fuzzy Logic. Prentice–Hall, New Jersey Hayes, B. (1995) The square root of NOT. American Scientist, 83, 304–308 Deutsch, D., Ekert, A. and Lupacchini

resolution of about 100-300 ps Signal decay time is inversely proportional to square root of photoelectrons number within an excitation event The signal parameters

increase due to microarchitecture advances is roughly proportional to [the] square root of [the] increase in complexity". Pollack worked for Intel and left in

group. A popular convention is to make the box width proportional to the square root of the size of the group. Notched box plots apply a "notch" or narrowing

observable and thus must be real. Therefore, the quantity under the square root must be negative, which can only happen if v is greater than c. As noted

impulsive point source (for example, one single spray of perfume)—the square root of the mean squared displacement from this point. In Fickian diffusion

1945, Hirschman proposed a market concentration index which was the square root of the sum of the squares of the market share of each participant in

4k_{\text{B}}TR} and may be called the power spectral density (Figure 2). Its square root at room temperature (around 300 K) approximates to 0.13 R {\displaystyle

statistical tests that compare the populations, such as the t-test. The square root of a pooled variance estimator is known as a pooled standard deviation

The Breidbart Index of a set of articles is defined as the sum of the square root of n, where n is the number of newsgroups to which an article is cross

October 27, 1962) was an American production engineer who derived the square-root formula for ordering inventory now known as the economic order quantity

However, these counterexamples rely on −1 having a square root. If we take a field where −1 has no square root, and every polynomial of degree n ∈ I has a root

square-root of the reciprocal of the largest eigenvalue of A. The width of the ellipsoid is twice the shortest semi-axis, which is twice the square-root

weak electrolyte is proportional to the inverse square root of the concentration, or the square root of the dilution. The concentration of any one ionic

(a). “Garfdust”. [www.mezzacotta.net/garfield/ Square Root of Minus Garfield] (April 2016), Square Root of Minus Garfield. Erick Freitas (w), Ulises Farinas(w)

necessarily has either a clique or independent set of size proportional to the square root of their number of vertices, and conversely every clique or independent

{\displaystyle I=\int _{-\infty }^{\infty }e^{-x^{2}/2}\,dx} by taking the square root of I 2 = ∫ − ∞ ∞ ∫ − ∞ ∞ e − ( x 2 + y 2 ) / 2 d x d y = ∫ 0 2 π ∫ 0

three-dimensional space. Chapters 5 and 6: Complex numbers are about the square root of negative numbers, transformations, and fractals. Chapters 7 and 8:

d\mathbf {q} } (in pseudo Riemannian manifolds possibly negative) whose square root should be used for computing curve length: d s 2 = d q ⋅ d q = g ( d

by the product of the mean free path ℓ {\displaystyle \ell } and the square root of one plus the number of scattering events per fission event (call this

three possible cube roots. A wise strategy is to choose the sign of the square-root that makes the absolute value of w as large as possible.   p = − a 2

{\overrightarrow {LS_{2}}}}{N_{1}\cdot N_{2}}}}} In multidimensional cases the square root should be replaced with a suitable norm. BIRCH uses the distances DO

Hadaya, P. (2018). Minimum sample size estimation in PLS-SEM: The inverse square root and gamma-exponential methods. Information Systems Journal, 28(1), 227–261

symbol used for lamp impedance is Ko, which is expressed as ohms per the square root of amps (ohms(amps0.5). Ko is used to calculate the amount of input voltage

unit hypercube of n dimensions is n {\displaystyle {\sqrt {n}}} , the square root of n and the (Euclidean) length of the vector (1,1,1,....1,1) in n-dimensional

signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) will be increased, ideally in proportion to the square root of the number of measurements. Assumed that Signal s ( t ) {\displaystyle

metals.) However, skin depth depends on an inverse proportionality to the square root of angular frequency. Thus a low-frequency electromagnetic wave may be

\sigma _{\bar {x}}^{2}=\sum _{i=1}^{n}{w_{i}'^{2}\sigma _{i}^{2}}} whose square root σ x ¯ {\displaystyle \sigma _{\bar {x}}} can be called the standard error

Hensel's lemma Q2 contains a square root of −7, thus 12 + 12 + 12 + 22 + √−72 = 0, and Qp (p > 2) contains a square root of 1 − p, thus (p − 1)⋅12 + √1 − p2 = 0

_{5}} denotes the square root with first digit 3, and − 3 ∈ Z 7 {\displaystyle {\sqrt {-3}}\in \mathbb {Z} _{7}} denotes the square root with first digit

the square root of the desired baseband audio signal, without adding a DC offset, results in convolution in frequency of the modulated square-root spectrum

from the "white" Gaussian noise, in which accuracy increases as the square root of the measurement time. The technique considers the reactions occurring

mean resultant length R ¯ {\displaystyle {\overline {R}}\,} , being the square root of the sum of squares of two normally distributed independent variables

frequency of phonons in a lattice is proportional to the inverse of the square root of the mass of lattice ions. It was shown that the superconducting transition

the Box–Muller transform, which require at least one logarithm and one square root calculation for each pair of generated values. However, since the ziggurat

of Earth's orbit. This is escape velocity from the Sun, equal to the square root of two times Earth's speed, and is the upper speed limit of objects in

(}n-1{\bigr )}{\bigl (}nH-G^{2}{\bigr )}}}}},} where in this case, the square root of the (possibly) complex number is chosen to produce largest absolute

quadrature, combining the magnitude of uncorrelated signals by taking the square root of the sum of their squares Quadrature phase, oscillations that are said

minimum speed for dynamic aquaplaning (Vp) in knots is about 9 times the square root of the tire pressure in pounds per square inch (PSI). For an aircraft

decimal places. Apastamba in his Sulbasutras provide approximate value of square root of 2 as follows: 1 + 1 3 + 1 3 × 4 − 1 3 × 4 × 34 = 577 408 = 1.41421

pipeline has two non-pipelined units connected to it, a divide unit and a square root unit. Adds, multiplies and most other instructions have a 4-cycle latency

can be approximated as a thermal boundary layer that thickens as the square root of time.[citation needed] h ∼ 2 κ t {\displaystyle h\,\sim \,2\,{\sqrt

found that the circle whose diameter is 43 has for its circumference the square root of 18252 which gives 3.14185... for the value of π. John Pell and others

often given in a form that returns QTc in dimensionally suspect units, square root of seconds. The dimensionally correct form of Bazett's formula is: Q

recursively equal proportions, leading to the sides being proportional to the square root of the inverse golden ratio, and the areas of the squares being in golden

linear plot of the real impedance (R) against the reciprocal of the square root of the frequency ( 1 / ω {\displaystyle {1}/{\sqrt {\omega }}} ). This

formula, we can see that the standard deviation is proportional to the square root of the number of rounds played, while the expected loss is proportional

{{\frac {A}{n}}\sum _{i=1}^{n}R_{i}^{2}}},} which basically is the square root of annualized realized variance. Here, A {\displaystyle A} denotes an

this machine was able to add, subtract, divide, multiply and obtain a square root. The machine earned a silver medal at this exhibition. In 1846 Staffel's

measurement result, the combined measurement uncertainty is given as the square root of the resulting variance. The simplest form is the standard deviation

the rotation along the x-axis of the red "leaf" enclosed between the square-root and quadratic curves: The volume of this solid is: π ∫ 0 1 ( ( x ) 2

Damage Point value by two, take the square root of the results, and multiply it by 5. Square root? What’s a square root doing in a game with rampaging dinosaurs

✓ Check mark In Unicode U+2713 ✓ CHECK MARK (✓, ✓) Different from Different from U+221A √ SQUARE ROOT U+23B7 ⎷ RADICAL SYMBOL BOTTOM

Damage Point value by two, take the square root of the results, and multiply it by 5. Square root? What’s a square root doing in a game with rampaging dinosaurs

sign. Moreover, if V has dimension 2 or more, K must be closed under square root, as well as the four arithmetic operations; thus the rational numbers

convention the positive square root is chosen for n {\displaystyle n} . However, in NPV materials, the negative square root is chosen to mimic the fact

1825, Laplace stated that the speed of sound is proportional to the square root of the ratio of the specific heats: Laplace, P.S. (1825). Traité de mecanique

engineer, creator of Heron's formula (area of triangle) and Heron's method (square root) Saint Heron (107–127), third Bishop of Antioch Heron (martyr) (died

{r}}}{\partial v}}\,.} The integrand is the restriction to the curve of the square root of the (quadratic) differential where The quantity ds in (1) is called

to Pythagoras) Proportional to the square root of the stretching force, and Inversely proportional to the square root of the mass per unit length. The formula

KS orbital and n ( r ) {\displaystyle {\sqrt {n(\mathbf {r} )}}} the square root of the density. One big benefit of the LPS equation being so intimately

coefficients of the remainder polynomial are the bits of the CRC Reciprocal square root Reciprocity (projective geometry), a collineation from a projective space

{m}}\sin {\frac {\Delta \lambda }{2}}\right)^{2}}}\ .\end{aligned}}} The square root appearing above can be eliminated for such applications as ordering locations

model, in which the randomness of the variance process varies as the square root of variance. In this case, the differential equation for variance takes

engineering and related fields, j is the symbol for the imaginary unit (the square root of −1) (in other fields, the letter i is used, but this would be ambiguous

obtain an equivalent expression not involving a square root of an expression itself involving a square root, we can postulate the existence of rational parameters

{f}{f_{m}}}\right)^{b}}}\,} In a good conductor, skin depth is proportional to square root of the resistivity. This means that better conductors have a reduced

{c}})^{2}+\left(m_{0}{\textrm {c}}^{2}\right)^{2}}}-m_{0}c^{2}} At low speeds, the square root can be expanded and the rest energy drops out, giving the Newtonian kinetic

single- or double-precision operations and square-root has a 54- or 112-cycle latency. Division and square-root uses the SRT algorithm. The memory management

there is a subfield F of K such that K is generated over F by a single square root of an element, say β = α {\displaystyle {\sqrt {\alpha }}} , in such

deriving this formula, and with it, encountering the imaginary unit: the square root of negative one. In particular: The volume of a circular cone frustum

which is directly related to the Euclidean norm of the difference of the square root vectors, i.e. H ( P , Q ) = 1 2 ‖ P − Q ‖ 2 . {\displaystyle H(P,Q)={\frac

several instructions added to it. An IEEE 754-compliant floating-point square root instruction was added. It supported both single- and double-precision

symmetric square root M 1 / 2 {\textstyle {\boldsymbol {M}}^{1/2}} , and if it is nonsingular, then its inverse has a positive-definite square root M − 1

apparent wind speed would be about 14 knots, calculated as: square root [(VB )2 + (VT )2] = square root [102 + 102] = 14.14. As the craft becomes faster than

Hamilton and Arthur W. Conway used the convention of representing the square root of minus one in the scalar field C by h to avoid confusion with the i

Turing run-time complexity of the square-root sum problem? More unsolved problems in computer science The square-root sum problem (SRS) is a computational

Belanger 1828 introduced first the ratio of the flow velocity to the square root of the gravity acceleration times the flow depth. When the ratio was

U_{t}=\exp(it{\sqrt {\Delta }})} where Δ {\displaystyle {\sqrt {\Delta }}} is the square root of the Laplace–Beltrami operator. The quantum ergodicity theorem of Shnirelman

scaling and approximate calculation of reciprocal, and reciprocal of square root. The approximate reciprocal instructions guarantee to have at most a

unity gain both scale with the square root of pixel area. Since crop factor is inversely proportional to the square root of sensor area (to within a small