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Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–1517) (1,431 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

The Ottoman–Mamluk War of 1516–1517 was the second major conflict between the Egypt-based Mamluk Sultanate and the Ottoman Empire, which led to the fall

clubs, jugs, and swords which resemble later Mamluk and Latin suits. Michael Dummett speculated that Mamluk cards may have descended from an earlier deck

nicknamed Abu al-Futuh (أبو الفتوح, lit. 'Father of Conquests'), was the fourth Mamluk sultan of Egypt and Syria, of Turkic Kipchak origin, in the Bahri dynasty

Mamluk Ali Nanautawi (also written as Mamluk al-Ali Nanautawi) (1789 – 7 October 1851) was an Indian Sunni Muslim scholar who served as the Head Teacher

romanized: Ma'rakat ‘Ayn Jālūt), also spelled Ayn Jalut, was fought between the Bahri Mamluks of Egypt and the Mongol Empire on 3 September 1260 (25 Ramadan 658 AH)

the Empire, particularly his conquest between 1516 and 1517 of the entire Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, which included all of the Levant, Hejaz, Tihamah and

place in 1291 and resulted in the Crusaders' losing control of Acre to the Mamluks. It is considered one of the most important battles of the period. Although

fought on October 28, 1516 between the Ottoman Empire and the Mamluk Sultanate. The Mamluk cavalry forces led by Janbirdi al-Ghazali attacked the Ottomans

1364–1442) was a medieval Egyptian historian and biographer during the Mamluk era, known for his interest in the Fatimid era, and the earlier periods

الأشرف قايتباي; c. 1416/1418 – 7 August 1496) was the eighteenth Burji Mamluk Sultan of Egypt from 872 to 901 A.H. (1468–1496 C.E.). He was Circassian

after the Ottomans took it from the Mamluks following the 1516–1517 Ottoman–Mamluk War. Janbirdi al-Ghazali, a Mamluk traitor, was made the first beylerbey

The Kisrawan campaigns were a series of Mamluk military expeditions against the mountaineers of the Kisrawan, as well as the neighboring areas of Byblos

immigrated to Ucch and, thereafter, to Delhi. The principal historian of the Mamluk Sultanate of Delhi in northern India, Juzjani wrote of the Ghurid dynasty

the influence of Syrian craftsmen. Ablaq became a prominent feature of Mamluk architecture in Syria, Egypt and Palestine in the 14th and 15th centuries

and Husaynid sharifs in Medina converted to Sunnism in the Mamluk period, however, Mamluk and Ottoman sources hint towards continued Shia sympathies from

Ottoman Syria became organized by the Ottomans upon conquest from the Mamluk Sultanate in the early 16th century as a single eyalet (province) of Damascus

Mamluk dynasty of Delhi (Slave dynasty), the first dynasty of Muslim sultans to rule over northern India. Mehrauli remained the capital of the Mamluk

(jurisprudence), he is considered a leading authority on Sunni Islam. Born in Bostra, Mamluk Sultanate, Ibn Kathir's teachers include al-Dhahabi and Ibn Taymiyya. He

historic center of Cairo, Egypt. Established as a center of trade in the Mamluk era and named for one of its several historic caravanserais, the bazaar

constructed there by the emir Yūnus an-Nūrūzī in 1387–88, an official of the Mamluk Empire. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Khan

of the local Mamluk sultans, but these caliphs were purely religious and symbolic figures, while temporal power rested with the Mamluks. The revived caliphate

or Abulfeda (Arabic: أبو الفداء; November 1273 – 27 October 1331), was a Mamluk-era Kurdish geographer, historian, Ayyubid prince and local governor of

prominently in the cities of the Ottoman Empire, based in Istanbul, and of the Mamluk Empire, based in Cairo. They were built at crossroads, in the middle of

the bottom and the kiosk-canopy at the top were crowned with muqarnas. In Mamluk Egypt (13th–16th centuries), minbars were crafted following the earlier

subcontinent, and the only female Muslim ruler of Delhi. A daughter of Mamluk Sultan Shamsuddin Iltutmish, Razia administered Delhi during 1231–1232 when

of mahman meaning the guset and dar meaning the officer. It was built in Mamluk and later in Mongol style. The mosque was severely damaged during the 1822

Egypt. Completed in 1475, it is one of multiple monuments sponsored by the Mamluk sultan al-Ashraf Qaytbay. It is not to be confused with the more famous

a military engagement involving the Knights Hospitaller and Mamluk Sultanate. The Mamluk fleet landed on the island of Rhodes on 10 August 1444, besieging

Circassian presence in Egypt traces back to 1297 when Lajin became Sultan of Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt. Under the Burji dynasty, Egypt was ruled by twenty one

was one of the last to leave the city, only getting onto his ship when Mamluk soldiers entered the city. Monarchs and barons in Europe, struck by the

destroyed by the Ayyubids in 1187, and then rebuilt as a mosque by the Mamluks in the early 13th century. It was destroyed by the Mongols in 1260, then

between the Portuguese and an Egyptian Mamluk fleet in 1508 in the harbour of Chaul in India. The battle ended in a Mamluk victory. It followed the Siege of

Age and weakened Damascus, causing a shift of Islamic influence to the Mamluk Sultanate in Cairo and ended the Abbasid Dynasty. Hulegu was born to Tolui

founder Shams ad-Din Aqsunqur, his sons, a number of children of the Bahri Mamluk sultan an-Nasir Muhammad and that of its principal restorer, Ibrahim Agha

The siege of Antioch occurred in 1268 when the Mamluk Sultanate under Baibars finally succeeded in capturing the city of Antioch. Prior to the siege, the

خانقاه فرج ابن برقوق) is a religious Islamic funerary complex built by the Mamluk Sultan Faraj ibn Barquq from 1400 to 1411 CE. It is located in Cairo, Egypt

The Lion Tower (Arabic: برج السبع, romanized: Burj es-Sabaa) is a small fortress located at the far eastern end of the Tripoli harbor in North Lebanon

for centuries, stretching from the Mamluk dynasty through the Ottoman Empire. This complex is one of many Mamluk buildings that made Cairo a flourishing

In the year 1265, the Mamluk sultan, Baibars, besieged the Knights hospitaller's stronghold of Arsuf. Baibars successfully captured Arsuf. In 1261, Balian

1470; 813–874 Hijri) was an Islamic historian born in the 15th century in Mamluk Egypt. He studied under al-Ayni and al-Maqrizi, two of the leading Cairene

Turkic dynasties, including: the Tulunid (868–905), Ikhshidid (935–969), Mamluk (1250–1517), and Ottoman (1517–1867 and 1867–1914) eras. Today their descendants

contingent of troops to support the Mongol invasion of Syria, which the Mamluk sultan of Egypt Qalawun successfully prevented after defeating the coalition

mosques in Cairo, Egypt, built in 1413 CE during the Burji dynasty era of Mamluk Sultanate. It is located at Al-Saleeba street in Islamic Cairo, and there

Egyptian Mamluk Sultanate Died 876 AH/ 1471 (aged 63) Nationality Egyptian Occupation(s) Astronomer, mathematician, time keeper Era Mamluk era Notable

al-Khalīlī (Arabic: شمس الدين عبد الله محمد بن محمد الخليلي; 1320–1380) was a Mamluk-era Syrian astronomer who compiled astronomical tables. He worked for most

al-Khalīlī (Arabic: شمس الدين عبد الله محمد بن محمد الخليلي; 1320–1380) was a Mamluk-era Syrian astronomer who compiled astronomical tables. He worked for most

Turkic dynasties, including: the Tulunid (868–905), Ikhshidid (935–969), Mamluk (1250–1517), and Ottoman (1517–1867 and 1867–1914) eras. Today their descendants

In the year 1265, the Mamluk sultan, Baibars, besieged the Knights hospitaller's stronghold of Arsuf. Baibars successfully captured Arsuf. In 1261, Balian

friends and relatives, in emulation of the aristocracy. Later, under the Mamluk Sultanate, the system was standardized into a system of classes reflecting

medieval Islamic Cairo to accommodate four hundred Sufis and children of the Mamluk Sultanate. This is the oldest khanqah or convent that has survived in modern

Sidna Omar Mosque (Arabic: مسجد سيدنا عمر, lit. 'Lord Omar mosque') is a Mamluk-era mosque in the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem. It stands

works include at-Taʾrīf bi-al-muṣṭalaḥ ash-sharīf, on the subject of the Mamluk administration, and Masālik al-abṣār fī mamālik al-amṣār, an encyclopedic

YADAVAS Tungus MYIN- SAING KHMER BEYLIKS MAMLUK SULTANATE GO- RYEO MAJAPAHIT Khaljis were vassals of the Mamluk dynasty of Delhi and served the Sultan of

shards from the Umayyad, Abbasid and the Crusader periods. Shards from the Mamluk period have also been found, though Finkelstein label this find questionable

On April 15, 1277, the Mamluk Sultan Baybars marched from Syria into the Mongol-dominated Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm and attacked the Mongol occupation force

featuring both the Mamluk bronze-faced and Fatimid wood-carved facades, are on display at Cairo's Museum of Islamic Art. The Mamluk restoration also added

ultimately caused them to withdraw. Relations between the Portuguese and Mamluks were hostile in the years leading up to the Siege of Jeddah given recent

In 1356, Amir Sayf al-Din Sarghatmish al-Nasiri, chief of the corps of Mamluks, ordered the construction of this madrasa. Sarghatmish began his career

caliphal authority after the conquest of Mamluk Egypt by sultan Selim I in 1517 and the abolition of the Mamluk-controlled Abbasid Caliphate. This left

Qalawun (1316 – 16 July 1344), better known as al-Nasir Ahmad, was the Bahri Mamluk sultan of Egypt, ruling from January to June 1342. A son of Sultan al-Nasir

an amir called Mahmud al-Kurdi who was the ustadar or majordomo of the Mamluk Sultan Barquq. It is located just south of the Qasaba of Radwan Bey (or

Joachim (1448?-1567) served as Greek Patriarch of Alexandria between 1486 and 1567. In 1556, Joachim sent a letter to the Russian Czar Ivan IV, asking

characteristic of Ayyubid and Mamluk architecture from the 13th to early 16th centuries in Egypt and the Levant. The Mamluk sultan Baybars introduced to

(literally "father-lord," originally meaning an appointed step-father for a non-Mamluk minor prince) Astadar أستادار Chief of the royal servants Barid Jawi بريد

historic palace and museum in Cairo, Egypt, built in the 14th century by the Mamluk amir Sayf al-Din Bashtak al-Nasiri. It is located on Shari'a al-Mu'izz (Muizz

Inal's. Built in 1450–1456, it is in a ruinous state but is an example of a Mamluk mausoleum, with a domed funeral chamber, a Madrasa, a Sabil, a monumental

the final major engagement of the Ottoman Mamluk war of 1516-1517. The city of Cairo, the capital of the Mamluk Sultanate, was sacked and fell into the

bowl from the Abbasid period have also been found here. During the late Mamluk era, Mujir al-Din wrote that al-Qubab was a village within the administrative

al-Jaldakī (d. 1342 CE / 743 AH) was an Egyptian alchemist from the 14th century Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt. A scientist and author who specialized in chemistry

dynasty Ghaznavid dynasty Taj al-Din Yildiz, general of the Delhi Sultanate Mamluk dynasty of Delhi Shah Turkan, mistress of Iltutmish Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar

(1452-08-12)12 August 1452 Salamanca, Kingdom of Castile and León Died 1515 (aged 62–63) Jerusalem or Damascus, Mamluk Sultanate Nationality  Ottoman Empire

original inhabitants were brought to the area from North Africa by the Mamluks to populate the area. However, the village must have disintegrated subsequently

Mosque on the northeast side. It is one of many Circassian (Burji) style Mamluk architectures built during the Middle Ages. On the exterior there is a domed

 847–861) lined the enclosure of Muhammad's tomb with marble. In 1269, the Mamluk Sultan Baibars sent dozens of artisans led by the eunuch Emir Jamal al-Din

al-Ghuriya, is a monumental Islamic religious and funerary complex built by the Mamluk sultan Qansuh al-Ghuri between 1503 and 1505 CE. The complex consists of

specifically the entrance door to the minaret, which fit the style of other early Mamluk religious buildings from the 1270s-90s, noting that no written documents

(1534–1920; with an interlude from 1704 to 1831 From Independence under the Mamluk state of Iraq). Before reforms (1534–1704), Iraq was divided into four Eyalets

by rosettes, a design that derives from Mamluk plates. An example of a Mamluk plate of the time is the Mamluk Philae Dish (c. 1345–1360), where four rosettes

The Abd al-Wahid Mosque is a mosque and one of the remains of Mamluk architecture in Tripoli, Lebanon. It was built in AH 705 (1305/1306) by Abd al-Wahid

Description Mamluk Era 1260–1517 Flag of the Mamluk Sultanate A Golden Swallowtailed Field with a White Crescent Moon. 1260–1517 Flag of the Mamluk Sultanate

could have been of Crusader or Mamluk origin. Tawfiq Canaan noted that a yellow stone, popular in the Jerusalem Mamluk ablaq building decorations, was

father Sayf-ad-Din Barquq as the second Sultan of the Burji dynasty of the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt in July 1399 with the title Al-Nasir. He was only thirteen

The Qutb Minar, also spelled Qutub Minar and Qutab Minar, is a minaret and "victory tower" that forms part of the Qutb complex, which lies at the site

the Al Fadl became the hereditary holders of the office by order of the Mamluk sultans and were given substantial iqtaʿat (fiefs) in Salamiyah, Palmyra

The Sabil-Kuttab of Sultan Qaytbay is a Mamluk-era charitable foundation and building in Cairo, Egypt. It was built in 1479 on the order of Sultan al-Ashraf

The Cairo Citadel Aqueduct or Mamluk Aqueduct (Arabic: سور مجرى العيون, romanized: sūr magra al-ʿayyūn) is a medieval aqueduct system in Cairo, Egypt.

tribes (Arabs originally from Yemen). In the Middle Ages, during Ayyubid and Mamluk rule, the Jarm inhabited the region between Gaza and through the coastal

Altinbugha al-Maridani, dating from 1340 CE, is a mosque from the era of the Mamluk Sultanate of Cairo, Egypt. Located south of Bab Zuweila, in the Darb al-Ahmar

also known as the Third Battle of Homs, was a Mongol victory over the Mamluks in 1299. In 1260, Hulagu Khan had invaded the Middle East to Palestine

The Sultaniyya Mausoleum is a Mamluk-era funerary complex located in the Southern Cemetery of the Qarafa (or City of the Dead), the necropolis of Cairo

a convent of Sufi adherents. The minaret was built in 1417, during the Mamluk period. The minaret is almost identical to that of the Mosque of Omar, located

and Sabil-Kuttab of Sultan Qaytbay is a complex of monuments built by the Mamluk sultan Al-Ashraf Abu Al-Nasr Qaitbay in 1477 CE (882 AH) in Islamic Cairo

Personal Born 5 October 1274 Damascus, Mamluk Sultanate now Syria Died 3 February 1348 (aged 73) Damascus, Mamluk Sultanate now Syria Religion Islam Era

Jerusalem, near the Madrasa al-Ashrafiyya. Built in the 15th century by the Mamluks of Egypt, it was completed in the reign of Sultan Qaytbay, after whom it

Fortress") is a castle built by the Ayyubids and greatly enlarged by the Mamluks, situated on the southern slopes of Mount Hermon, on a ridge rising about

Ceramics from the Byzantine era have been found in the area. During the Mamluk period in 1226 CE, Arab geographer Yaqut al-Hamawi mentions "Abil al Kamh"

Citadel during the reign of the Mamluk sultan Al-Ashraf Sha'ban. The amir Uljay al-Yusufi was one of the junior mamluks of Al-Nasir Muhammad who came to

Ein Qiniyye or 'Ayn Qunya (Arabic: عين قنية; Hebrew: עֵין קֻנִיֶּה) is a Druze village in the Israeli-occupied southern foothills of Mount Hermon, 750

settlers to the Levant began in the 12th century, and continued throughout the Mamluk and Ottoman rule. In the early 2000s, Turkish workers from the Republic

1389) was the eighth Abbasid caliph of Cairo under the tutelage of the Mamluk Sultanate. He served twice: first in 1377, then again in 1386–1389. Al-Musta'sim

The hammam was commissioned by Sultan Inal and built in 1456, during the Mamluk period. It is one of the few well-preserved hammams in Cairo out of the

Islamic rule, and was near the site of the Battle of Ain Jalut, in which the Mamluks halted Mongol expansion southward. Under the Ottomans, it was a small village

Citadel during the reign of the Mamluk sultan Al-Ashraf Sha'ban. The amir Uljay al-Yusufi was one of the junior mamluks of Al-Nasir Muhammad who came to

Tulunid rule (868–905), Ikhshidid rule (935–969), Seljuk rule (1037–1194), Mamluk rule (1291–1515), and Ottoman rule (1516–1918). Today, many of the Turkish

siege of Safed (13 June – 23 July 1266) was part of the campaign of the Mamlūk sultan Baybars I to reduce the Kingdom of Jerusalem. The castle of Safed

Mosque (Arabic: مسجد أبو حريبة) (sometimes written Abu Heriba) is a late Mamluk-era mosque in Cairo, Egypt. It dates from 1480-81 CE and is located in the

process of mass Islamization took place much later, perhaps during the Mamluk period. Islam was first brought to the region of Palestine during the Early

known as Abu al-Fath (أبوالفتح), was the 12th Mamluk sultan of Egypt in 1309–1310. He was a Circassian Mamluk of Sultan Qalawun and served at the court of

Medieval Cairo, Egypt, originally built between 1330 and 1337 CE for the Mamluk amir (high official) known as Qawsun. It was restored and expanded again

مدرسة أم السلطان شعبان, romanized: Madrasa Umm al-Sulṭān Shaʿbān) is a Mamluk-era complex located in the Al-Darb al-Ahmar area of Islamic Cairo in Egypt

الدين عبدالرحمن الحنبلي العليمي الشهير بأبن قطينه) during the period of Mamluk rule over Palestine into a family of notables native to the city of Jerusalem

dynasty faltered and power transitioned to a regime controlled by the Mamluks. The mamluks were soldiers who were purchased as young slaves (often from various

and dedicated to Emir Jamal al-Din al-Ustadar, who served under the Burji Mamluk Sultan An-Nasir Faraj. The main purpose of the building is madrasa which

period. The Crusaders built a new village with a castle there. During the Mamluk and Ottoman periods a modest village occupied the old tell (archaeological

Location Location al-Khader, West Bank, Palestine Architecture Type mosque Style Mamluk Completed early 15th century Specifications Dome(s) 1 Minaret(s) 1

The Mosque of Qani-Bay is a mosque in Cairo, Egypt. The complex is named after Qani-Bay al-Sayfi, nicknamed "al-Rammah", who was Grand Master of the Horse

The Mosque of Khushqadam el-Ahmadi is on el-Seyufia Street in Cairo and was built in 1366. The building was originally the palace of Emir Tashtimur. The

Aden Mamluk fleet sets up a tributary regime in Zabid ? Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–1517) Mamluk Sultanate Ottoman Empire Defeat Fall of the Mamluk Sultanate

back to the Ayyubid era of Al-Mu'azzam Isa, and was later restored in the Mamluk era. In 1487 it was endowed by Al-Kameli ibn Abu-Sharif, and mention the

the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. The emirate was a protectorate of the Mamluk Sultanate until the end of the 14th century, then it was de facto independent

al-Islāmī. pp. 4:612. Ayalon, David (1954). "Studies on the Structure of the Mamluk Army--III". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University

in the Mamluk and Ottoman periods and as a police station during the British Mandate. The first floor of Qasr al-Basha was built by the Mamluk sultan

after the Ottoman conquest in 1517, continued the traditions of earlier Mamluk architecture but was influenced by the architecture of the Ottoman Empire

الثالث; fl. 1508–1543) was the seventeenth Abbasid caliph of Cairo for the Mamluk Sultanate from 1508 to 1516, and again in 1517. He was the last caliph of

the 12th and 13th centuries (1105–7, 1178 and 1240) and refortified by Mamluk sultan Baibars in 1266. The moat is the only well-visible Crusader feature

Budak took refuge in Mamluk Egypt. He took advantage of the discord between Malik Arslan and the Mamluks by provoking the Mamluk sultan to commission

used in the marches of al-Andalus and Transoxiana, and was revived by the Mamluk Sultanate in the 14th century, when the areas traditionally comprising the

Qalawun (28 September 1337–1360/61, better known as as-Salih Salih, was the Mamluk sultan in 1351–1354. He was the eighth son of Sultan an-Nasir Muhammad to

the first Abbasid caliph to rule in Cairo and who was subservient to the Mamluk Sultanate. He reigned from June 1261 to 28 November 1261. Abu'l-Qasim Ahmad

Sha'ban ibn Muhammad ibn Qalawun, better known as al-Kamil Sha'ban, was the Mamluk sultan of Egypt between August 1345 and January 1346. He was the fifth son

local-artistic workshops. Originally built in the 15th century during the Mamluk era, Bayt al-Razzaz is a mansion now comprising two houses, two central

the loss of the Battle of Ain Jalut to the Mamluks forced him to withdraw back to the Middle East. The Mamluk victory emboldened Berke to invade the Ilkhanate

Assyrians, Hittites, Jews, Saracens (early Muslims), Crusaders, Ayyubids, Mamluks, Ottomans, and to modern inhabitants and armies who crossed the river at

the mosque was established in three different stages during the Burji Mamluk period of rule in Gaza. The Ibn Uthman Mosque is situated along Suq Street

Qalawun (28 September 1337–1360/61, better known as as-Salih Salih, was the Mamluk sultan in 1351–1354. He was the eighth son of Sultan an-Nasir Muhammad to

local-artistic workshops. Originally built in the 15th century during the Mamluk era, Bayt al-Razzaz is a mansion now comprising two houses, two central

Assyrians, Hittites, Jews, Saracens (early Muslims), Crusaders, Ayyubids, Mamluks, Ottomans, and to modern inhabitants and armies who crossed the river at

back to the Mamluk period. It is also known as the Mamluk Desert Cemetery (Arabic: صحراء المماليك, Saharet Al Mamalik, "Desert of the Mamluks"). Today it

Ladino-speaking Sephardic Jewish communities settled in the region during the late Mamluk and early Ottoman periods, alongside Arabic-speaking Musta'arabi communities

the most prolific architectural patrons in Mamluk history, had this wikala built in 1481. While the Mamluk Empire was nearing its decline, Qaytbay oversaw

1455 on the orders of Sayf al-Din Birdibak al-Ashrafi, the dawadar of the Mamluk sultan Sayf al-Din Inal. Birdibak was highly religious and convened an annual

al-Mutarjim Born 1187 Mosul, Ayyubid Sultanate Died 1268 (aged 80–81) Cairo, Mamluk Sultanate Scientific career Fields Cryptology Literature Arabic language

Feke (Turkish: [ˈfece]) is a municipality and district of Adana Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,218 km2, and its population is 15,833 (2022). It is 122 km

visitors to Palestine in the 19th and 20th centuries. During the period of Mamluk rule (c. 13th - early 16th centuries), Sharafat was home to the Badriyya[i]

known as al-Mansur Muhammad, was the Mamluk sultan in 1361–1363. He ruled in name only, with power held by the Mamluk magnates, particularly Yalbugha al-Umari

by the Mamluk Governor of Gaza, Sanjar al-Jawli. The inscription on the mosque which states its endowment by al-Jawli and the reigning Mamluk sultan at

Egypt-based Mamluks by withdrawing his troops from the Mongol coalition during the Battle of Ain Jalut as part of a secret agreement with the Mamluk sultan

Shem Tov ben Abraham ibn Gaon (1283 – c. 1330) (Hebrew: שם טוב בן אברהם אבן גאון) was a Spanish Talmudist and kabbalist. Shem Tov was born at Soria, Spain

at three parasangs from Jaffa and two from Ashdod (Azotus). During the Mamluk period (13th–16th centuries), Yibna was a key site along the Cairo—Damascus

Fath al-Bari (Arabic: فتح الباري, romanized: Fatḥ al-Bārī, lit. 'Grant of the Creator') is a commentary on Sahih al-Bukhari, the first of the Six Books

Jaqmaq (Arabic: الظاهر سيف الدين جقمق; 1373 – 13 February 1453) was the Mamluk sultan of Egypt from 9 September 1438 to 1 February 1453. Jaqmaq was of

Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA), during which time remains from the Mamluk era were discovered. In 1517, the village was incorporated into the Ottoman

of a governor of a Subah (province) during the Khalji dynasty of Bengal, Mamluk dynasty, Khalji dynasty, Tughlaq dynasty, and the Mughal era who was alternately

assassinated in 1357 C.E. Bey, the amir Manjak vizier, one of the Sultan’s Mamluks attacked him with a sword while Shaykhu was sitting at the House of Justice

Hauz-i-Shamsi, (literally "sunny watertank") also called Shamshi Talab, is a water storage reservoir or tank built by Iltutmish of the Slave Dynasty in

in the early 12th century until it was captured and strengthened by the Mamluks in the late 13th century. It became the headquarters of the Sayfa clan

him and in 1250 the Ayyubid dynasty was overthrown in Egypt by the Bahri mamluks. The effect of this coup in Egypt was to make An-Nasir Yusuf of Aleppo

trade centered in their city, and some even held government posts. Under Mamluk rule, the Jewish population of Alexandria began to decline. Meshullam of

were jailed and then released. In their place, Baraka promoted his own mamluks. He also sent Qalawun and Baysari, two of the most powerful emirs, to raid

to the Old City of Jerusalem. The citadel that stands today dates to the Mamluk and Ottoman periods. It was built on the site of a series of earlier ancient

Jerusalem with Saladin. Turkish migration continued further during the Mamluk and Ottoman rule of Palestine as well as during the British rule. Once Ottoman

al-Zahir Timurbugha al-Rumi (died 1475) was the seventeenth Burji Sultan of Mamluk Egypt, briefly ruling from late 1467 to early 1468 when he was deposed.

Baybars (Arabic: مسجد الظاهر بيبرس) is a mosque built in Cairo, Egypt by the Mamluk Sultan al-Zahir Baybars al-Bunduqdari (r. 1260-1277) through his Vizier

second Abbasid caliph whose seat was in Cairo and who was subservient to the Mamluk Sultanate. He reigned between 1262 and 1302. Al-Hakim I held the position

second Abbasid caliph whose seat was in Cairo and who was subservient to the Mamluk Sultanate. He reigned between 1262 and 1302. Al-Hakim I held the position

Jerusalem with Saladin. Turkish migration continued further during the Mamluk and Ottoman rule of Palestine as well as during the British rule. Once Ottoman

the Crusaders based in Acre and the Mamluk sultan al-Mansur Qalawun. According to al-Maqrizi, it was under Mamluk rule by 1291, as it was mentioned under

معز الدین بهرام; 9 July 1212 – 15 May 1242) was the sixth sultan of the Mamluk Dynasty. He was the son of Shams ud din Iltutmish (1211–36) and the half-brother

kinds. It has a big old mosque right at the center which dates back to the Mamluk period (1250–1517) before the Ottomans. It has mild weather and hospitable

1291. Sülemiş in Turkish Reuven Amitai-Preiss (1995), Mongols and Mamluks: The Mamluk-Īlkhānid War, 1260-1281, pp. 179-225. Cambridge University Press

al-Zahir Timurbugha al-Rumi (died 1475) was the seventeenth Burji Sultan of Mamluk Egypt, briefly ruling from late 1467 to early 1468 when he was deposed.

became the site of many monumental buildings constructed during the Ayyubid, Mamluk, and Ottoman periods, up to the 19th century. Many of these historical monuments

the Byzantine period. The first written mention of the site is from the Mamluk era. Sataf was noted in the Ottoman tax records of 1525-1526 and 1538–1539

and a descendant of Saladin's brother Nur al-Din Shahanshah. After the Mamluk defeat of the Mongols in 1260 at the Battle of Ain Jalut, Hama was restored

His quotes have been used in many references such as his statement on Mamluk Sultan Al-Nasir Muhammad: "His name was mentioned everywhere like no other

commercial activities. Historical records shows that the women of 14th-century Mamluk Cairo freely visited public events alongside men, despite objections of

all Spanish Jews, were banished from Spain. His parents settled in Safed, Mamluk Sultanate, where he studied under the direction of Joseph Saragossi. For

Ayyub al-Ansari. Along with Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi he was a pupil of Mamluk Ali Nanautawi. Both studied the books of hadith under Shah Abdul Ghani Mujaddidi

alliance of powerful mamluk factions. The mamluks of Inal offered the throne to Jânim, governor of Damascus, meanwhile the mamluks of Jaqmaq preferred

dispensary) to the south, directly across from the gate, and after winning the Mamluk throne he demolished the prison and replaced it with the large Mosque of

deposed and Edigu installs Pulad Khan as his successor. 1400: The Burji Mamluks lose Syria to Tamerlane. 1402–1403: Beyazid I is defeated at the Battle

design of the mosque is unique in its architectural style which follows the Mamluk tradition for the main building and partly based on the Ottoman architecture

rule after the Ottomans defeated the Mamluks in 1517 and ruled over Egypt until 1867. The mosque is built in Mamluk style not Ottoman style which would

and state in France. August 24 – Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–17): The Ottoman Sultan Selim I defeats the Mamluk forces commanded by the sultan Al-Ashraf

1290 by the Mamluks during the reign of Sultan Qalawun as attested to by a foundation inscription. Most of the structure resembles Mamluk architecture

A cadet branch of the dynasty also ruled as ceremonial rulers for the Mamluk Sultanate as Caliph (1261–1517), until their conquest by the Ottoman Empire

rule of the Mamluk Sultan Baybars. In 1263, the Mamluk sultan Baibars enlarged and built a tower on the northwest corner. Under the Mamluks, Kerak continued

Byzantine, Early Muslim (findings from the 7th–10th centuries), Crusader, Mamluk, and Ottoman (17th–19th c. findings). A hiatus in settlement between the

physical size of the cards can vary considerably. With the exception of Mamluk Kanjifa and the Chads of Mysore, each suit contains ten pip cards and two

bi-amr Allāh; died 1352) was the fifth Abbasid caliph of Cairo for the Mamluk Sultanate (1341–1352). He was son of al-Mustakafi. He took the office at

the Crusaders, it is also mentioned in documents dating to the periods of Mamluk, Ottoman, and Mandatory rule over Palestine. During the 1948 war, the village

1229/1230 – 19 November 1266, reigned: 1246–1265) was the eighth sultan of the Mamluk Sultanate (Slave dynasty). The Tabaqat-i Nasiri, written by the court historian

sought closer ties with the rest of the Muslim world, particularly the Mamluk and Marinid Sultanates. He recruited scholars from the wider Muslim world

died after 1341) was the fourth Abbasid caliph seated in Cairo under the Mamluk Sultanate between 1340 and 1341. His grandfather al-Hakim I was preoccupied

the Crusaders, it is also mentioned in documents dating to the periods of Mamluk, Ottoman, and Mandatory rule over Palestine. During the 1948 war, the village

General information Type Caravanserai, apartment complex Architectural style Mamluk Location Cairo, Egypt Address Haret al-Souk - Sooq al-Tablitiah, ad-Darb

al-Muʿtaḍid bi-Llāh; died 1362) was the sixth Abbasid caliph of Cairo for the Mamluk Sultanate between 1352 and 1362. Al-Mu'tadid I took the office after the

بالله; died 7 April 1479) was the fourteenth Abbasid caliph of Cairo for the Mamluk Sultanate between 1455 and 1479. Al-Mustanjid was the son of Al-Mutawakkil

conquered Jerusalem,[clarification needed] defeating the Crusaders, the Mamluks built or renovated eight major minarets in the Holy City. Dating of the

princes from the Ayyubid dynasty and was also a tributary emirate of the Mamluk Sultanate. Al-Muzaffar took part in the siege of Acre in 1291, bringing

possession of the Mamluks.[citation needed] It was one of eleven subdistricts of Mamlakat Safad (Province of Safed). In the late 13th century, Mamluk emirs (commanders)

village in a waqf he established. Excavations of a building close to the Mamluk khan yielded ceramics dating from that period. The mosque is locally known

Yechiel ben Joseph of Paris or Jehiel of Paris, called Sire Vives in French (Judeo-French: שיר ויויש‎) and Vivus Meldensis ("Vives of Meaux") in Latin

1388 – 29 January 1451) was the twelfth Abbasid caliph of Cairo for the Mamluk Sultanate between 1441 and 1451. He died on Friday, 25 Zulhijja, 854 AH

Cairo for the Mamluk Sultanate between 1451 and 1455. He was deposed by Sultan Sayf ad-Din Inal after al-Qa'im supported a mutiny of mamluks against Inal

Mamluks during Sultan Baybars' reign (1260–1277). In 1279/80, Isa defected from Baybars' successor, Qalawun, and joined the rebellion of the Mamluk viceroy

Sultan, who was harbored by the Mamluk Sultanate. In response, Bozkurt besieged Malatya, which prompted the Mamluks to initiate an offensive against

– 27 September 1497) was the fifteenth Abbasid caliph of Cairo for the Mamluk Sultanate between 1479 and 1497. His father, Ya'qub, was son of Al-Mutawakkil

The Ottoman-Mamluk war took place from 1485 to 1491, when the Ottoman Empire invaded the Mamluk Sultanate territories of Anatolia and Syria. This war

بالله; died 13 November 1386) was the ninth Abbasid caliph of Cairo for the Mamluk Sultanate between 1383 and 1386. Garcin, Jean-Claude (1967). "Histoire,

and is attested in architectural remains and documents from the Crusader, Mamluk, Ottoman and Mandate Palestine periods. Allar was depopulated during the

according to the hudna (temporary truce) between the Crusaders in Acre and the Mamluk sultan Qalawun. Scholars have suggested that Khirbet et-Tira is to be identified

He served as governor of Rumeli, and led the Ottoman army in the Ottoman–Mamluk War of 1485–1491, but was defeated at Adana in 1488. He was then named Grand

Regnal titles Preceded by An-Nasir Faraj Mamluk Sultan of Egypt 20 September 1405–November 1405 Succeeded by An-Nasir Faraj

town 1 kilometer (0.62 mi) east of the village. Possibly named after the Mamluk sultan al-Zahir Baybars (r. 1260–1277), the village was incorporated into

– February 1340) was the third Abbasid caliph seated in Cairo under the Mamluk Sultanate between 1302 and 1340. In his reign opened the island of Arwad

dismantled it. It was then reoccupied by the Franks, but it was the terrible Mamluk sultan Baibars who, in the summer of 1266, completely ruined it as a prelude

bi-Llāh; died 23 July 1441) was the eleventh Abbasid caliph of Cairo for the Mamluk Sultanate between 1414 and 1441. "Biography of Al-Mu'tadid II" (in Arabic)

century, the motif was also adopted in Mamluk Egypt; it is notably found on the pierced-globe handwarmer made for Mamluk amir Badr al-Din Baysari (c. 1270)

Census of 1922. Government of Palestine. Burgoyne, Michael Hamilton (1987). Mamluk Jerusalem. ISBN 090503533X. Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1882). The Survey

decided to encircle the Mamluks personally and assigned Sinan to the central headquarters. The plot was successful and the Mamluks were defeated. However

mosque was founded by Husam ad-Din Turuntay in 1282 during the reign of Mamluk sultan al-Mansur Qalawun. Turuntay was the representative of the sultan

(1200–1287) was a Turkic ruler of the Delhi Sultanate during the rule of Mamluk dynasty of Delhi (or Slave dynasty) from 1266 to 1287. He was one of the

Tabaqat-i Nasiri (Persian: طبقات ناصری), named for Sultan Nasir-ud-Din, is an elaborate history of the Islamic world written in Persian by Minhaj-i-Siraj

of the same name (Wadi Jalama), it was inhabited during the Crusader and Mamluk periods, and again in Ottoman period by villagers from nearby Attil. Al-Jalama's

Old Yishuv Jewish community in the Land of Israel under Mamluk and Ottoman rule Key events Nachmanides Aliya (1263) Alhambra decree (1492) Manuel I decree

After the Mamluk victory over the Ilkhanids at the Battle of Ain Jalut in September 1260, the whole of Syria, including Aleppo, fell into Mamluk hands. Furious

Muslim slave-soldiers based in Egypt known as the Mamluks began to administer the area. In 1277, the Mamluks made Gaza the capital of a province that bore

Retrieved 3 February 2017. Pradines, Stéphane (2016). "The Mamluk Fortifications of Egypt". Mamluk Studies Review. XIX: 25–78. doi:10.6082/M1XS5SJQ. "Alexandria's

(1200–1287) was a Turkic ruler of the Delhi Sultanate during the rule of Mamluk dynasty of Delhi (or Slave dynasty) from 1266 to 1287. He was one of the

not long before the Mamluks realized that in order for them to capture Tripoli, they must first subdue the Maronites. The Mamluks launched several assaults

Victorious) dies as the Egyptian Mamluk army sets out for Acre. He is succeeded by his eldest son Al-Ashraf Khalil as ruler of the Mamluk Sultanate. Khalil orders

ascended the throne after the death of his father Iltutmish, a powerful Mamluk ruler who had established the Sultanate as the most powerful kingdom in

Dynasty (1050) Republic of Venice (since 1100) Almohad Caliphate (1150–1250) Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt (1250–1450) Mongol Empire (1250–1450) Khmer Empire (1250)

lord of Palmyra and amir al-ʿarab (commander of the Bedouins) under the Mamluk Sultanate. He served between 1284 and his death, but was dismissed and reinstated

1437). In 1433, Şehzade and her brother Süleyman took refuge in Cairo. The Mamluk Sultan Barsbay treated them generously, and rejected her cousin Murad II's

possible exceptions being a vaulted entrance corridor which could be a Mamluk-era (i.e., post 1375) construction and which carries an Arabic inscription

decorated with marble. Al-Jawali Mosque was built on the orders of the Mamluk Governor of Gaza and Palestine, Sanjar al-Jawli, between 1318 and 1320 during

executed by the city's Mamluk viceroy, Sudun. In 1400, he started a war with the Mamluk sultan of Egypt Nasir-ad-Din Faraj and invaded Mamluk Syria. Timur's forces

important role as a place of exile and a power base several times during the Mamluk sultanate. Its significance lay in its control over the caravan route between

sheikh but faced resistance from Sunni circles who eventually convinced the Mamluk sultan to order his death for his religious beliefs around 1418–19. Nasimi

The Merchant's Caravansary General information Type Caravanserai Architectural style Mamluk, Ottoman Location Nablus, Palestine Completed 15th century

in Syria and Egypt, under Mamluk rule, however, the style became less refined, and more naïve. With the fall of the Mamluks following the Battle of Anjar

The Jama Masjid Shamsi is a major mosque built in the historic center of Budaun, Uttar Pradesh, India. The masjid was built by Iltutmish, the ruler of

Sultan Ghari was the first Islamic Mausoleum (tomb) built in 1231 AD for Prince Nasiruddin Mahmud, eldest son of Iltumish, in the "funerary landscape of

and was named after al-Ashraf Sayf ad-Dīn Barsbāy (d. 1438), one of the Mamluk rulers of Egypt. It originally weighed 3.45 grams. Mohur Fragner, B. (2011)

considered to have followed "a local architectural idiom", which was "neither Mamluk, nor Ottoman" (unlike the later Sulaymaniyya Takiyya, which marked the introduction

over forty years, and that his patriarchate witnessed the downfall of the Mamluk Sultanate and the rise of Ottoman power in Egypt. Meinardus, Otto F.A. (1999)

sixteenth and penultimate Abbasid caliph of Cairo under the tutelage of the Mamluk Sultanate. He served as caliph twice, his first term from 1497 to 1508 and

prospered. The city then came under the control of the Ayyubids and the Mamluk Sultanate. Under the Ottoman Turks, who conquered the city in 1517, Nablus

outside Lod, the lion of Baybars, the famous Mamluk leader and warrior, can be seen catching a mouse. The Mamluks focused on revitalizing the road network

he travelled to Spain and Egypt, and then settled in Palestine under the Mamluk Sultanate. He worked as a physician in Bet She'an, where he died in 1355

mosque one of the oldest in India, and the second mosque to be built by the Mamluks of Delhi (the first being the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque). Another inscription

settlements in Middle Egypt but ultimately migrated to the Sudan during Mamluk rule and significantly contributed to the region's Arabization and Islamization

Amir (the Plain of Esdraelon or Jezreel Valley) under the Egypt-based Mamluks in the late 15th century. During the conquest of the Levant and Egypt by

church was converted into a mosque, to which a minaret was added during the Mamluk period in 1337. The minaret is still standing, although the mosque itself

centuries. They came to the area in 1306 after being assigned by the Bahri Mamluks to guard the coastal region between Beirut and Byblos and to check the

Ramadanids played a key role in 15th-century Ottoman-Mamluk relations, being a buffer state located in the Mamluk al-'Awasim frontier zone. In 1517, Selim I incorporated

Society of Bangladesh. Smith Jr., John Masson (December 1984). "Ayn Jālūt: Mamlūk Success or Mongol Failure?". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 44 (2):

al-Mutawakkil; died 9 January 1406) was the seventh Abbasid caliph of Cairo for the Mamluk Sultanate between 1362 and 1383, and then 1389 and 1406. During his reign

Ibn al‐Majdī Born 1359 Cairo, Mamluk Sultanate, now Egypt Died 27 January 1447 (aged 88) Cairo, Mamluk Sultanate, now Egypt Occupation(s) Astronomer, mathematician

descendants of the Abbasid caliphs lived in Cairo under the protection of the Mamluks and were still nominally recognized by the latter. However, from this time

but had no political power, and actual authority was in the hands of the Mamluk Sultanate. After the Ottoman conquest of Egypt, the Abbasid caliph Al-Mutawakkil

battle in 1291. At the end of Crusader rule, the city was destroyed by the Mamluks, thereafter existing as a modest fishing village until the rule of Zahir

Born 1194 Harran, Sultanate of Rum (modern-day Turkey) Died 1255 Damascus, Mamluk Sultanate (modern-day Syria) Region Islamic Golden Age Creed Hanbali Main

Circassian and Georgian slave origin known as Mamluks. By 1250 the Mamluks came to power in Egypt. The Mamluk army, though often viewed negatively, both

revival in the latter part of the 18th century under a largely autonomous Mamluk government. Direct Ottoman rule was reimposed by Ali Ridha Pasha in 1831

in the vicinity is the Bab al-Wazir Cemetery, which contains a number of Mamluk mausoleums and structures, including the restored Mausoleum of Tarabay al-Sharifi

declining Jewish community most probably abandoned the location. During the Mamluk period (13th–14th centuries), it was a Muslim village, and a mosque was

groundwater reserves. In the 13th century, when Ghazir was a small village, the Mamluk army invaded Keserwan and destroyed Ghazir among other villages of the district

a Khalji noble. His infant son, Kayumars, was also murdered, ending the Mamluk Dynasty and instigating the Khalji Revolution. Muiz ud din Qaiqabad struck

(661–750), slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258), slavery in the Mamluk Sultanate (1258–1517) and finally slavery in the Ottoman Empire (1517–1918)

1260), Mamluk sultan of Egypt Saif ad-Dīn Qalawun aṣ-Ṣāliḥī (c. 1222–1290), Mamluk sultan of Egypt Saif ad-Din Abu-Bakr (c. 1321–1341), Mamluk sultan

ruler responsible for the holy sites. In different eras, this has meant the Mamluk Sultans, the Sultans of the Ottoman Empire, and presently the rulers of

Shams ud-Din Iltutmish (1192 – 30 April 1236) was the third of the Mamluk kings who ruled the former Ghurid territories in northern India. He was the first

by Mongols, and then Mamluks following the battle of Ain Jalut, 1260. See Rulers of Aleppo. Takeover by Mongols, and then Mamluks following the battle

dominant Islamic culture was consolidated in the region during the Ayyubid, Mamluk and early Ottoman periods. Beginning in the late Ottoman era, Jerusalem’s

Ghadanfar Burji Mamluk 6 Bab al-Futuh Fatimid 7 Bab al-Nasr Fatimid 9 Wikala of Qaytbay Burji Mamluk 10 Mausoleum of Ahmad al-Qasid Bahri Mamluk 11 Wikala of

remains from the Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, early Islamic, Crusader, Mamluk and Ottoman periods. Sepphoris was a significant town in ancient Galilee

10th century, it began to urbanize largely during the 14th century in the Mamluk period. Today, al-Darb al-Ahmar is an administrative division (qism) within

Rashidun (622–660), the Umayyads (660–749), the Abbasids (749–1254), the Mamluks of Egypt (1254–1517), the Ottomans (1517–1805), the First Saudi State (1805–1811)

The Abu'l-Fida Mosque (Arabic: جَامِع أَبُو الْفِدَا, romanized: Jāmiʿ Abū'l-Fidāʾ) is an Ayyubid-era mosque in Hama, Syria, located on the banks of the

of Caesarea appears to have retained overlordship. In 1265, after the Mamluks had defeated the Crusaders, Qalansawe was mentioned among the estates which

world and architecture more generally. Before the Ottoman period began, the Mamluk style heavily influenced mosque architecture. While other areas in the Islamic

battle between the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt and the Armenians of Cilician Armenia on 24 August 1266. The conflict started when the Mamluk Sultan Baybars

recorded in the late 13th century in the Mosque of Amr ibn al-As in the Mamluk Sultanate of Cairo and then spread to various parts of the Muslim world

a tax collector and army paymaster rolled into one. During the rule of Mamluk dynasty in India, Shamsa ud-din Iltutmish established the "Iqta' system"

They succeeded the Rasulid Dynasty and were themselves replaced by the Mamluks of Egypt after only 63 years in power. The Tahir were Yemeni magnates who

deposited in the maqam of Salim Abu Musallam in Beit Lahia is inscribed in late Mamluk naskhi letters. It is an epitaph over four sons of the Governor of Gaza

was most likely a Crusader-era invention. Remains of a building from the Mamluk era has been excavated, with pottery sherds from that period. In 1517, the

represent the cards played by commoners. There are fragments of what may be Mamluk court cards from cheaper decks showing human figures which may explain why

of authority. In 1487, he was sent by the Nasrid dynasty as an envoy to Mamluk Egypt, in order to obtain help against the Spanish offensive against Granada

of authority. In 1487, he was sent by the Nasrid dynasty as an envoy to Mamluk Egypt, in order to obtain help against the Spanish offensive against Granada

represent the cards played by commoners. There are fragments of what may be Mamluk court cards from cheaper decks showing human figures which may explain why

Rum (modern-day Turkey) Died 27 Dhu al-Hijjah 682 AH (1284 CE) Damascus, Mamluk Sultanate (modern-day Syria) Region Islamic Golden Age Creed Hanbali Main

This is a list of rulers of Damascus from ancient times to the present. General context: History of Damascus. Rezon I (c. 950 BC) Tabrimmon Ben-Hadad I

refugee family. Guo, Li (17 March 2015). "Owen Wright: Music Theory in Mamluk Cairo: The ġāyat al-maṭlūb fī ʿilm al-adwār wa-'l-ḍurūb by Ibn Kurr. (SOAS

continued under the early Bahri Mamluks (13th to early 14th century), but soon began to evolve into the shapes distinctive to Mamluk architecture. They became

became predominantly Muslim. In the 13th century, it became part of the Mamluk Sultanate, and after 1516, spent four centuries as part of the Ottoman Empire

Ayyubid Dynasty. The Mamluk Sultan Qutuz defeated the Mongols at Ain Jalut on 3 September 1260, the whole of Syria became part of the Mamluk Sultanate, Aleppo

of modesty of the emirate, it is also an important work resembling the Mamluk mansions of Egypt. According to the inscription on the south gate, Haremlik

(ancient Larende) to his rebelling brother İbrahim, who was backed by the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt. According to Ibn Batuta, in 1332 he was ruling only

The Crusade of 1267 was a military expedition from the Upper Rhenish regions of the Holy Roman Empire for the defence of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. It was

Lorenzo de' Medici on November 18, 1487, by al-Ashraf Qaitbay, the Burji Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, in an attempt to win the support of the Medici. The first

becomes the new Muslim Abbasid Caliph of Cairo, leader of Islam within the Mamluk Sultanate, upon the death of his father, the Caliph Al-Hakim I. January

Ali Mamlouk (Arabic: علي مملوك; born 19 February 1946) is a Syrian intelligence officer and special security and military advisor to President Bashar al-Assad

Billon Jital of Ala al-din Masud Billon Jital Ala al-din Masud, Budaun Mint Mamluk dynasty of Delhi History of India Islamic history List of Indian monarchs

and 300 metres (980 ft) from the souk at ash-Shouhada Square. Grounds Mamluk ablaq-style stonework is used in the courtyard. The old cemetery, which

including the Dome of the Treasury and the Minaret of the Bride, while the Mamluks (1260–1516) undertook major restoration efforts and added the Minaret of

In 1265, two of the villages were mentioned among the estates which the Mamluk sultan Baibars granted his emirs after he had defeated the Crusaders: The

found. May 18 – Siege of Acre: Mamluk forces under Sultan Al-Ashraf Khalil capture Acre after a six-week siege. The Mamluks take the outer wall of the city

Governors of Arab Egypt (640–1250) and Mamluk Egypt (1250–1517). For other periods, see the list of rulers of Egypt. Dates taken from John Stewart's African

Predecessor Ignatius John XIV Successor Ignatius Yeshu I Personal details Born 1451 Baqufa, Mamluk Sultanate Died 28 July 1509 Homs, Mamluk Sultanate

according to legend was the burial place of the prophet Zechariah. By the Mamluk era, it had become a Muslim village, and was known by various names, including

signified that the Mamluk rulers felt that the quarter did not pose a threat. Destroying city walls and fortifications had been a staple of Mamluk governance

the capital of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. The castle was destroyed by the Mamluk sultan Baibars sometime between 1268-1271 and lay in ruins until being rebuilt

al-Din and Sayf al-Din Bayhaq al-Baghdadi. A few clay fragments from the Mamluk period have been found at the same location as the Roman remains. Ar'ara

transmitted to Italy and Spain via the Mamluks and Moors. The best preserved and most complete deck of Mamluk cards, the Topkapı pack, did not display

Age I–II, Persian, Hellenistic, Roman, Late Byzantine, Early Muslim and Mamluk periods have been found here. A residential building constructed in the

Bordeaux Pilgrim in 333-334 and still mentioned by Abulfeda (1273–1331) in Mamluk times - or Naveh, and was part of the Roman province of Arabia Petraea.

their socio-political privileges. The office dated back at least to the Mamluk era and was maintained by the Ottoman Empire. During the Ottoman era, there

Tedeschi in Venice, thence to the mint and then used in trade with the Mamluk Sultanate. The expansion of the Ottoman Empire into the Balkans had worsened