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Longer titles found: Total synthesis of morphine and related alkaloids (view), Cholesterol total synthesis (view), Paclitaxel total synthesis (view), Nicolaou Taxol total synthesis (view), Holton Taxol total synthesis (view), Mukaiyama Taxol total synthesis (view), Danishefsky Taxol total synthesis (view), Wender Taxol total synthesis (view), Quinine total synthesis (view), Kuwajima Taxol total synthesis (view), Takahashi Taxol total synthesis (view), Strychnine total synthesis (view), Oseltamivir total synthesis (view), Vitamin B12 total synthesis (view), Galantamine total synthesis (view), Aflatoxin total synthesis (view), Diverted total synthesis (view)

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ISBN 978-1-4511-4847-3. Bachmann WE, Cole W, Wilds AL (1940). "The Total Synthesis of the Sex Hormone Equilenin and Its Stereoisomers". J. Am. Chem. Soc

iron oxalate catalyst (Fe2ox3•6H2O) in the presence of air, for the total synthesis of vinblastine and related analogs. Erick Carreira’s group has developed

conversions and yields to be obtained. The following example from the total synthesis of (–)-kumausallene by P.A. Evans and coworkers illustrates typical

Martin E.; Xu, Feng (1993-12-01). "Total synthesis of strychnan and aspidospermatan alkaloids. 3. The total synthesis of (±)-strychnine". The Journal of

1039/b515328j. PMID 16880924. Shin D, Rew Y, Boger DL (August 2004). "Total synthesis and structure of the ramoplanin A1 and A3 aglycons: two minor components

Jaqueline S.; Akiyama, Ryo; Yasuda, Kosuke; Ley, Steven V. (2005). "Total Synthesis of Antascomicin B". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 44 (18):

For the chemical synthesis (natural product synthesis, studies and total synthesis), see the separate section below. Full sections in following are devoted

plants including Magnolia x soulangeana and Croton lechleri. The first total synthesis was reported by T. Ross Kelly and Roger L. Xie in 1998. Rollinger,

a new class of indole alkaloids. However, in 2015, the bioinspired total synthesis of yuremamine revealed its structure to be a flavonoid derivative.

started to appear around 1980. Key figures to apply this reaction in total synthesis were Barry M. Trost, Elias J. Corey, Thomas Hudlicky, Leo A. Paquette

in Total Synthesis: Targets, Strategies, Methods, Wiley, pp. 211–220, ISBN 3527292314. Ghosh, A. K.; Li, J. (2009). "An Asymmetric Total Synthesis of

cycloadditions of arynes have been commonly applied to natural product total synthesis. The main limitation of such approach, however, is the need to use

isolated in 1969 from seeds of Ipomoea hildebrandtii vatke. The first total synthesis of (±)-cycloclavine was published in 2008 by Szántay. Further reports

configuration of perrottetinene was established in 2008 by an enantioselective total synthesis. In 2018, a study showed that perrottetinene is mild to moderately

11-deoxo-compound. The Wolff–Kishner reduction has been applied to the total synthesis of scopadulcic acid B, aspidospermidine and dysidiolide. The Huang

+ 2] Cycloadditions of Allenes and Vinylcyclopropanes: Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (+)-Dictamnol". Organic Letters. 1 (1): 137–140. doi:10.1021/ol990599b

examples of the Fujiwara–Moritani reaction in total synthesis is found in the enantioselective total synthesis of clavicipitic acid by the Murakami group

The Ganem oxidation has been used as an intermediate step in the total synthesis of (−)-okilactomycin, converting a primary alkyl halide into an aldehyde

applications in synthetic organic chemistry. In 2002 it was used in a total synthesis of the terpene gleenol as a mild and non-basic reagent in a one-pot-protocol

interrupted Fischer indolization by Garg and coworkers, has been used in the total synthesis of akuammiline natural products. The method has also been used in medicinal

titanium tetrachloride. The Lombardo methylenation has been used in the total synthesis of tetrodotoxin and hirustene. Lombardo, Luciano (1982-07-27). "Methylenation

Boyce CB, Rosenberg FJ, Teiger DG (November 1973). "Aporphines. 8. Total synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of (plus or minus)-apomorphine, (plus

Qingge; Ma, Chunrong; Cook, James M (August 2000). "Enantiospecific total synthesis of the enantiomer of the indole alkaloid affinisine". Tetrahedron Letters

of its use is in the total synthesis of progesterone illustrated in Figure "Regiospecific enolate formation in the total synthesis of progesterone". When

Total synthesis of an unnatural analogue was reported featuring an interrupted Ugi reaction as the key step. Scalable and modular total synthesis of

Quinoxalinedione Rishi G. Vaswani and A. Richard Chamberlin, "Stereocontrolled Total Synthesis of (-)-Kaitocephalin", J. Org. Chem. 73 (2008): 1661-1681 Ahmed H.

Cadogan–Sundberg indole synthesis has been used as an intermediate step in the total synthesis of Tjipanazole E, transforming 2-[trans-2-[5-Chloro-2-nitrophenyl)

Sharpless. He led a team who were the first persons to achieve the total synthesis of yohimbine. He pioneered in what is today called biomimetic synthesis

to metallating reagents. Both these synthetic routes pose issues in total synthesis. In 1984 a new synthetic strategy was developed by Rick Danheiser to

with Professor Dale L. Boger (then at Purdue), completing the first total synthesis of the antitumor agent CC-1065. He was subsequently an NIH postdoctoral

molecules. Importance. A standard postgraduate text book for the study of total synthesis and a valuable reference work for experts. "..destined to become a

Chemistry (USSR Academy of Sciences in Moscow) and published in 1975. A total synthesis of the non-natural hyperforin enantiomer was reported in 2010 which

genes) and posttranslational modification is needed.[citation needed] A total synthesis of thiostrepton was completed by K.C. Nicolaou, et al. in 2004. Thiostrepton

resulting in toxic symptoms is too low for it to be safe. Several total synthesis routes have been devised due to the relative scarcity of epibatidine

(2004). "Structural Revision and Total Synthesis of Azaspiracid-1, Part 2: Definition of the ABCD Domain and Total Synthesis". Angewandte Chemie International

toxicity, including loss of activity. The figure below shows the first total synthesis of antillatoxin by Yokokawa et al. in 1998. (2E,4E)-2,4,6,6-Tetramethyl-2

Oppolzer, Wolfgang; Radinov, Rumen N.; Brabander, Jef De (1995). "Total synthesis of the macrolide (+)-aspicilin by an asymmetrically catalyzed macrocyclization

methodology has been implemented in synthesis of complex molecules: The total synthesis of the anticancer natural product OSW-1 provides a practical application

closing alkene and enyne metathesis reactions. He has completed the total synthesis of diverse bioactive natural products including papulacandin D, papuamine

stereocontrol in organometallic chemistry, asymmetric synthesis and total synthesis over 15 years" 2013 (2013): Varinder Aggarwal, "for his truly original

enol ethers (the "Stork-Danheiser Alkylation"). and employed it in a total synthesis of the spiro sesquiterpene beta-vetivone. Danheiser received his Ph

reaction, originally designed to solve a stereoelectronic problem in the total synthesis of gephyrotoxin. This reaction is described by Overman as "robust"

Hsing Ch'i-i) was a Chinese organic chemist who contributed to the total synthesis of bovine insulin, Xing is still well-known nowadays in China as the

Ochna squarrosa Linn, a member of Ochnaceae family, in 1973. The first total synthesis of ochnaflavone derivatives was achieved by Kawano group in 1973, followed

wide range of chemical transformations, and have been utilized in the total synthesis of several natural products. In addition, they commonly appear in mechanisms

often used to generate the metal alkylidene intermediate. In Lei's total synthesis of Huperzine Q, they have furnished the cyclopentene ring through carbonyl-olefin

used in ene reactions of the derived ester of glyoxylic acid. In the total synthesis of (−)-heptemerone B and (−)-guanacastepene E, attached with

strain in the conformation of the molecule. In the seminar paper on the total synthesis of (+)-monensin, Kishi and co-workers utilized the allylic strain to

stereochemistry of chlorophyll a was known, Robert Burns Woodward published a total synthesis of the molecule. In 1967, the last remaining stereochemical elucidation

1016/0022-328X(92)80090-K. Lu, Ping; Gu, Zhenhua; Zakarian, Armen (2013). "Total Synthesis of Maoecrystal V: Early-Stage C–H Functionalization and Lactone Assembly

for Julia–Colonna asymmetric epoxidation of α,β-unsaturated ketones: total synthesis of diltiazem and Taxol (TM) side-chain". J. Chem. Soc.-Perkin Trans

purification of organic compounds. In 1979, Still reported the first total synthesis of periplanone B, the potent sex pheromone of the American cockroach

thus affording the observed configuration of the product. The formal total synthesis of laulimalide (Figure 14) illustrates the robustness of the reaction

Kwon, Min Sang; Woo, Sang Kook; Na, Seong Wook; Lee, Eun (2008). "Total Synthesis of (+)-Exiguolide". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 47 (9):

in vivo studies difficult. Pahari, Pallab & Rohr, Jürgen (2009). "Total Synthesis of Psoralidin, an Anticancer Natural Product". Journal of Organic Chemistry

bicyclic tetrahydrofurans. MacMillan's graduate studies culminated in the total synthesis of 7-(−)-deacetoxyalcyonin acetate, a eunicellin diterpenoid isolated

Morehead, Jr.; Bruce G. Young, David Goldsmith (22 September 2009). The Total Synthesis of Natural Products, Volume 11, Part B: Bicyclic and Tricyclic Sesquiterpenes

with polypeptide chains containing 200–300 amino acids, produced by total synthesis. The "chemical ligation" concept was introduced by Kent in the early

(September 18, 2004). "Chemistry and Biology of Diazonamide A: Second Total Synthesis and Biological Investigation". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126 (40): 12897–12906

Miyashita M, Suzuki T, Yoshikoshi A (May 1989). "Stereoselective total synthesis of (-)-picrotoxinin and (-)-picrotin". Journal of the American Chemical

number of total syntheses. Shown below is a key coupling step in the total synthesis of roseophilin, a potent antitumor antibiotic. Luche reduction Berger

aldehydes has been widely used in total synthesis of natural product. For example, the key cyclization step in the total synthesis of (R)-(-)-Muscone was an intramolecular

aldehydes has been widely used in total synthesis of natural product. For example, the key cyclization step in the total synthesis of (R)-(-)-Muscone was an intramolecular

followed by exposure to base, it wasn't until 1988 that a semi-complete total synthesis was reported. Using 1,3-butadiene as a starting material, a stereoselective

DE, Au-Yeung BW, et al. (June 1981). "Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Erythromycin. 3. Total Synthesis of Erythromycin". Journal of the American Chemical

Fukuyama reduction Fukuyama indole synthesis Fukuyama coupling Practical Total Synthesis of (±)-Mitomycin C, T. Fukuyama and L.-H. Yang, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,

variation of this reaction is depicted below. Total Synthesis In 2005, Barua and coworkers completed the total synthesis of the potent aminopeptidase inhibitor

; Kang, M. C.; Desai, M. C.; Ghosh, A. K.; Houpis, I. N. (1988). "Total Synthesis of (.+-.)-Ginkgolide B". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 110 (2): 649–651. doi:10

organic synthesis. 4. Biomimetic approach to endiandric acids A-G. Total synthesis and thermal studies K. C. Nicolaou, N. A. Petasis, R. E. Zipkin J.

Nagata, S.; Itaya, H.; Takao, H.; Kobayashi, S. (1999). "Convergent Total Synthesis of epolactaene: application of bridgehead oxiranyl anion strategy"

shown to be an effective treatment for anisatin-induced convulsions. A total synthesis of (-)-anisatin was reported in 1990. "Anisatin". PubChem, National

1964. Eschenmoser-Claisen rearrangement was used as a key step in the total synthesis of morphine. Mechanism: The Ireland–Claisen rearrangement is the reaction

University of Pennsylvania. Smith is most notable for his research in the total synthesis of complex natural products, as well as the chemistry of mammalian

M. Total synthesis of the Galbulimima alkaloid GB 13. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2003, 125, 2400–2401. Mander, L. N. and Thomson, R. J. Total synthesis of Sordaricin

acidic conditions. In 2001, Tius and coworkers reported the asymmetric total synthesis of roseophilin utilizing an intermolecular Stetter reaction to couple

precursors, using methods of synthetic organic chemistry. Hence, the first total synthesis was published over 22 years after the compound's discovery: this first

such as the bald eagle, as they prey on AETX poisoned animals. The total synthesis of AETX was achieved in 2021, the enzymatic functions of the 5 enzymes

structural, biological, and physical properties. His research involves the total synthesis of natural products such as dragmacidin F and (–)-cyanthiwigin F, and

molecule Zhang, Chunming; Trudell, Mark L. (1996). "A Short and Efficient Total Synthesis of (±)-Epibatidine". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 61 (20): 7189–7191

The Total Synthesis of Natural Products. Vol. 10. New York: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 90–6. ISBN 978-0-470-12962-3. Schmid G, Hofheinz W (1983). "Total Synthesis

rearrangements of N-halogenated amines. An example for that can be found in the total synthesis of (±)-lycopodine by Paul Grieco et al. There, a ring formation takes

hailed even today as a major and revolutionary break with the past. The total synthesis of the steroidal sex hormone equilenin, published in the Journal of

Cho; Cui, Moser (9 July 2003). "Tremorgenic Indole Alkaloids. The Total Synthesis of (-)-Penitrem D". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 125 (7):

QS-21 is a purified plant extract used as a vaccine adjuvant. It is derived from the soap bark tree (Quillaja saponaria), which is native to the countries

After years of work, he was the first in the world to complete the total synthesis of a functional gene outside a living organism in 1972. He did this

research steroid chemistry. Herchel Smith's work on new methods for the total synthesis of steroids led to the development of commercially feasible methods

configuration of the macrocyclic tetraether has been determined by total synthesis of the C40-diol and comparison with a sample of obtained by degradation

Gaikwad DD, Chavhan SW, Shaikh YB, et al. (2009). "A novel and efficient total synthesis of (±)-physostigmine". Tetrahedron Letters. 50 (20): 2411–2413. doi:10

resveratrol analogues, where R2 is an aryl group.[22] In the asymmetric total synthesis of (−)-callystatin A by Amos Smith, two separate Julia olefinations

 46–55. ISBN 9783540563914. Sears, Justin E.; Boger, Dale L. (2015). "Total Synthesis of Vinblastine, Related Natural Products, and Key Analogues and Development

the sap but, instead, is formed during extraction or processing. A total synthesis of the compound was reported in 2013. The chemical compound is named

1021/ol0508429, PMID 16018610 Barbazanges, M.; Meyer, C.; Cossy, J. (2008), "Total Synthesis of Amphidinolide J", Organic Letters, 10 (20): 4489–4492, doi:10.1021/ol801708x

synthetic tool in the synthesis of organic molecules for example in total synthesis. It was first described by Manfred T. Reetz in 1971 In a type I reaction

synthetic tool in the synthesis of organic molecules for example in total synthesis. It was first described by Manfred T. Reetz in 1971 In a type I reaction

enables the modification of steroids. In 1948 Birch published the first total synthesis of a male sex hormone (19-nortestosterone), as the first member of

for the posttranslational modifications.[citation needed] The first total synthesis was published by Wojtas et al. in 2016. It was achieved through the

vinca plant. It can also now be synthesized through a stereocontrolled total synthesis technique which retains the correct stereochemistry at C18' and C2'

Facile reduction of ethyl thiol esters to aldehydes: application to a total synthesis of (+)-neothramycin A methyl ether Tohru Fukuyama, Shao Cheng Lin,

1021/ja983609x Total Synthesis of Leucascandrolide A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 12894-12895. doi:10.1021/ja003593m Formal Total Synthesis of Mycoticin

Total Synthesis of Tetrahydrolipstatin". J. Org. Chem. 77 (11): 4885–901. doi:10.1021/jo300139r. PMID 22553899. Shiina, I. (2007). "Total Synthesis of

physical effects the toxin has on the affected area. An efficient total synthesis of pederin is known. Beginning with (+)-benzoylselenopederic acid,

due to its unusual functionality. The Kishi group proposed the first total synthesis of the parent 283A in 1985 using 89, a previously synthesized lactam

which is used in traditional Chinese medicine. The first asymmetric total synthesis of conolidine was developed by Micalizio and coworkers in 2011. This

Total Synthesis of Tetrahydrolipstatin". J. Org. Chem. 77 (11): 4885–5701. doi:10.1021/jo300139r. PMID 22553899. Shiina, I. (2007). "Total Synthesis of

discovered in 1962 and the structure was determined in 1970; a first total synthesis was reported in 1981. A derivative of this compound is phenol-alanine-sparsomycin

first successful synthesis of orellanine was reported in 1985. The total synthesis of orellanine starting with the bromination of 3-hydroxypyridine was

"Total Synthesis of (−)-Motuporin". J. Org. Chem. 64 (9): 3000–3001. doi:10.1021/jo9904617. PMID 11674393. Nicolaou, K. C.; et al. (2003). "Total Synthesis

IH, Po KH, Lin D, Ghazvini Zadeh EH, Chen S, et al. (August 2016). "Total synthesis of teixobactin". Nature Communications. 7: 12394. Bibcode:2016NatCo

his death from pneumonia in 2002. He was particularly noted for the total synthesis of heterocyclic drugs and natural products, including porphyrins, camptothecin

vancomycin, but 8 to 64 times greater than that of tetracycline. A complete total synthesis of viridicatumtoxin B, in racemic form, was completed in 2013 by the

scale in industry. Jones et al. utilized the CBS reduction in the total synthesis of MK-0417, a water-soluble carbonic anhydrase inhibitor which has

CO;2-7. PMID 29711812. Kneifel, H.; Bayer, E. “Stereochemistry and total synthesis of amavadin, the naturally occurring vanadium anion of Amanita muscaria

Gyorkos, Albert C.; Stille, John K.; Hegedus, Louis S. (1990). "The total synthesis of (±)-epi-jatrophone and (±)-jatrophone using palladium-catalyzed

online forum The Hive and author of several popular books such as Total Synthesis I and II, and Sources, in which he details methods of synthesizing

Nicolaou group discovered atrop-abyssomicin C while working on the total synthesis of abyssomicin C. Then in 2007, Süssmuth and co-workers isolated atrop-abyssomicin

for developing synthetic methodologies, as well as natural product total synthesis. In addition, his group developed Chiron, a computer program used by

determined by X-ray crystallography in 1979 and absolute stereochemistry by total synthesis. Two closely related derivatives, oudemansin B and X have also been

at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Her research considers the total synthesis of natural and unnatural products. She was selected as an American

contributing factor to his psychological breakdown. "Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Aspidophytine"  He, F.; Bo, Y.; Altom, J. D.; Corey, E. J. J. Am

antibiotic-anticancer compound made by microbes found in an abandoned mine. The total synthesis of (−)-glionitrin A was reported by Daniel Strand and co-workers in

(1998). "4,6-Dimethoxy-3,7-dimethylcoumarin from Colchicum decaisnei. Total synthesis by carbamoyl Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement and structural revision

fluorophore to aid in the visualization of F-actin in microscopy. The first total synthesis of phalloidin was achieved through a combination of solid phase and

doi:10.1016/j.tet.2007.11.046. Batey, R.A.; MacKay, D.B. (2000). "Total synthesis of (±)-6-deoxycastanospermine: an application of the addition of organoboronates

1021/jo00277a002. Amano, S; Ogawa, N; Ohtsuka, M; Ogawa, S; Chida, N (1998). "Total synthesis and absolute configuration of FR65814". Chem. Commun. (12): 1263–1264

Aromatic C–H functionalization was successfully incorporated in the total synthesis of Complanadine A, a Lycopodium alkaloid that enhances mRNA expression

H. Y.; Lee, S.; Kim, D.; Kim, B. K.; Bahn, J. S.; Kim, S. (1998). "Total synthesis of α-cedrene: A new strategy utilizing N-aziridinylimine radical chemistry"

to the morphinan class of opioid analgesics. The enantioselective total synthesis of (–)-hasubanonine and related natural products, (−)-runanine, (−)-delavayine

rearranged enal as shown below. This reaction was the key step in their total synthesis of norfluorocurarine, a Strychnos alkaloid. This strategy was also

Harigaya, Y; Otoguro, K; Kuwajima, I; Omura, S (2002). "The first total synthesis of (+/-)-arisugacin A, a potent, orally bioavailable inhibitor of

samarium diiodide. The Markó-Lam reaction was used as a final step in the total synthesis of Trifarienol B: "Alkane synthesis by deoxygenation". Organic-chemistry

interests include the development of useful synthetic methods and the total synthesis of natural products. In particular, the dehydration condensation reaction

successful program to synthesize these compounds, culminating in the total synthesis of chasmanine and napelline. Towards the end of the 1970s Wiesner turned

Curtin-Hammett scenario was also encountered during the enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-allocyathin B2 by the Trost group. The pivotal step in the synthesis

(18): 2893–2899. doi:10.1139/v76-409. Hirst, Gavin C. (1993). "First total synthesis of Lycopodium alkaloids of the magellanane group. Enantioselective

and Vaccine Immunology. 2009, 16, 1285-1292. Mehta, G.; Islam, K. Total Synthesis of the Novel Angiogenesis Inhibitors Epoxyquinols A and B. Tetrahedron

total synthesis of (+)-kalkitoxin was only 16 steps and gave a 3% overall yield. A major aspect by which this differs from the first total synthesis of

total synthesis of hirsutene” Tetrahedron 1985, 41, 3943-3958. doi 10.1016/S0040-4020(01)97175-3 Nicolaou, K. C.; Sorenson, E. J., Classics in Total Synthesis

1016/S0040-4039(01)92152-5. Razdan RK (1981). "The Total Synthesis of Cannabinoids". In Apsimon J (ed.). The Total Synthesis of Natural Products. Wiley Interscience

the University of Pittsburgh. His research interests focus on the total synthesis of natural products, the discovery of new transformations of strained

3390/molecules17055893. PMC 6268133. PMID 22609781. Sears JE, Boger DL (March 2015). "Total synthesis of vinblastine, related natural products, and key analogues and development

Viala, Jacques; Capdevila, Jorge; Falck, J. R. (September 1985). "Total synthesis of the cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase metabolites 5(R),6(S)-, 5(S),6(R)-

F. Dean Toste and co-workers have used Robinson annulation in the total synthesis of (+)-fawcettimine, a tetracyclic Lycopodium alkaloid that has potential

Vallance, Claire; Wood, Bryan R. (1997). "Total Synthesis of C31-Methyl Ketone Apocarotenoids 2: The First Total Synthesis of (3R)-Triophaxanthin" (PDF). Acta

intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction/Tsuji allylation strategy, and a total synthesis of salvinorin A was achieved using the intramolecular Diels-Alder /

ring closing metathesis in asymmetric synthesis. Enantioselective total synthesis of Sch 38516 (Fluvirucin B1)". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119 (43): 10302–10316

PMC 6314816. PMID 30044629. Kane, Vinayak V.; Doyle, Donald L. (1981). "Total Synthesis of (±) Zoapatanol: A Stereospecific Synthesis of a Key Intermediate"

Bong; Hassan, Abbas; Kim, In Su; Krische, Michael J. (2010-11-10). "Total Synthesis of (+)-Roxaticin via C−C Bond Forming Transfer Hydrogenation: A Departure

extracted from the red coralline algae, Bossiella orbigniana. The first total synthesis of methyl bosseopentaenoate by consecutive palladium-catalyzed reactions

PMID 10978213. Kikuchi Y, Miyaichi Y, Tomimori T (August 1991). "[Total synthesis of flavonolignans, scutellaprostins A, B, C, D, E and F]". Yakugaku

similar to the Whiting diene synthesis. One example occurred in taxol total synthesis (ring C): The hydride is lithium aluminium hydride and the leaving

All methods are scrutinized by applications to the total synthesis and "diverted total synthesis" of natural products and pharmaceutically active compounds

Research His work is focused on practicality and simplicity in the total synthesis of organic molecules, eschewing protecting groups, functional group

David Bebbington, and Andrew Russell accomplished the first asymmetric total synthesis of the individual diastereoisomers of hypoglycin A, using the Sharpless

in organic synthesis. Polyring forming processes are applied to the total synthesis of these polycyclic molecules. Short sequences of reactions are used

Sundari K.; Cook, James M. (February 2010). "The first enantiospecific total synthesis of the 3-oxygenated sarpagine indole alkaloids affinine and 16-epiaffinine

in organic synthesis. Polyring forming processes are applied to the total synthesis of these polycyclic molecules. Short sequences of reactions are used

chemical synthesis, though other mechanisms have been devised for total synthesis of Paxilline. Paxilline has also been found to be mono- or di-prenylated

reported to have better anticancer activity. The enantioselective first total synthesis of (+)-11,11′-dideoxyverticillin A, the structure of which contains

Chandrasekhar, M.; Kusum L. Chandra; Vinod K. Singh (2003). "Total Synthesis of (+)-Boronolide, (+)-Deacetylboronolide, and (+)-Dideacetylboronolide"

challenging ring system, it has been a popular target of efforts toward its total synthesis. By virtue of the unsymmetrically substituted benzopentathiepin ring

Adventurous Synthetic Journey with MNBA from Its Reaction Chemistry to the Total Synthesis of Natural Products". Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 87 (2): 196–233. doi:10

1021/jo991292t. Crimmins, M.T. & DeBaillie, A.C. (2006). "Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Bistramide A". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128 (15): 4936–7. doi:10.1021/ja057686l

antagonist. Chackalamannil S, Davies RJ, Wang Y, et al. (March 1999). "Total Synthesis of (+)-Himbacine and (+)-Himbeline". J. Org. Chem. 64 (6): 1932–1940

ISSN 0753-3322. PMID 23932721. Cushman, Mark; Cheng, Leung (January 1978). "Total synthesis of nitidine chloride". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 43 (2): 286–288

reduce uterine infections. In 2012 a concise and highly stereoselective total synthesis of PGF2α was described. The synthesis requires only seven steps, a

by Herbert O. House. Mukaiyama employed in his rendition of taxol total synthesis (1999) two aldol additions, one with a ketene silyl acetal and excess

ammonium-specific electrodes. Ian Fleming & Sunil K. Ghosh (1994). "A total synthesis of nonactin". Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications

1016/S0040-4039(01)80638-9. Mori, K.; Matsui, M. (1970). "Diterpenoid total synthesis. XIII Taxodione, a quinone methide tumor inhibitor". Tetrahedron. 26

synthesis of new carba-/hetera cages, radical cations, dications, total synthesis of aminoglycosid antibiotics, and enzymes, Prinzbach was probably best

NADH oxidase activity (IC50 1.5 μM and 2.5 μM, respectively). First total synthesis of circumdatin H was reported starting from anthranilic acid. López-Gresa

a practical method for synthesizing penicillin V. While achieving total synthesis, Sheehan also produced an intermediate compound, 6-aminopenicillanic

Aaron; Sahasrabudhe, Kiran; Aubé, Jeffrey (May 2004). "Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Dendrobatid Alkaloids: Preparation of Indolizidine 251F and Its

with multiple functional groups. After the first total synthesis of cylindrocyclophane F, total synthesis of cylindrocyclophanes A and F were accomplished

contributions to synthetic and heterocyclic chemistry ranging from the total synthesis of complex natural products to the synthesis of multimetallic porphyrazine

Arth, G. E.; Beyler, R. E.; Sarett, L. H. (1953). "Approaches to the Total Synthesis of Adrenal Steroids.1V. 4b-Methyl-7- ethylenedioxy-1,2,3,4,4aα,4b,5

Cheng S, Xie J (March 2006). "An efficient approach to the asymmetric total synthesis of (-)-anisodine". European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 41 (3):

The anion relay chemistry tactic has been applied elegantly in the total synthesis of complex molecules of significant biological activity, such as spongistatin

166. Wikidata Q106088130. The Ley Group: Combinatorial Chemistry and total synthesis of natural products Archived May 25, 2012, at the Wayback Machine Sekine

ISBN 978-0471264187. Prilezhaeva, E. (2000). "Sulfones and sulfoxides in the total synthesis of biologically active natural compounds". Russ. Chem. Rev. 69 (5):

Experimental Therapeutics. 274 (1): 120–6. PMID 7616388. "The First Total Synthesis of (±)-Forskolin". Synfacts. 18 (5): 0563. May 2022. doi:10.1055/s-0041-1738000

bongkrek acid using different numbers of fragments since the first total synthesis of the acid by E.J. Corey in 1984. One of the unique attempts to synthesize

enantioselective annulation of an aryl imine via a C-H activation. The total synthesis of lithospermic acid employs "guided C-H functionalization" late stage

reaction mechanism in 1900. An application is found in this step of the total synthesis of Metachromin A: Benzoquinone is also used to suppress double-bond

711. doi:10.1139/v69-115. Baldwin, S. W.; Crimmins, M. T. (1982). "Total synthesis of (−)-sarracenin by photoannelation". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 104 (4): 1132

John (2000). "Nickel-Catalyzed Preparation of Bicyclic Heterocycles: Total Synthesis of (+)-Allopumiliotoxin 267A, (+)-Allopumiliotoxin 339A, and (+)-Allopumiliotoxin

order to provide the biologically active product. The first racemic total synthesis of lupinine occurred in 1937 by Clemo, Morgan, and Raper. Six more

Kim, Sung-Gon; Kim, Jaehak; Jung, Heejung (April 2005). "Efficient total synthesis of (+)-curcuphenol via asymmetric organocatalysis". Tetrahedron Letters

1021/ja01217a016. Evans, David A.; Bender, Steven L.; Morris, Joel (1988). "The total synthesis of the polyether antibiotic X-206". Journal of the American Chemical

applications of cationic aza-Cope rearrangements. 26. Enantioselective total synthesis of (−)-strychnine". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115 (20): 9293–9294. doi:10.1021/ja00073a057

(399–401 °F). In 1989, Wakamatsu and coworkers reported in details the first total synthesis of (+)-tutin in a stereocontrolled manner. (+)-Tutin can be synthesized

transport in photosynthesis. July – Robert Burns Woodward publishes a total synthesis of chlorophyll. July 14 – English primatologist Jane Goodall arrives

The metallo-ene reaction is a chemical reaction employed within organic synthesis. Mechanistically similar to the classic ene reaction, the metallo-ene

Bringmann, Gerhard; Reichert, Yanina; Kane, Vinayak V. (2004). "The total synthesis of streptonigrin and related antitumor antibiotic natural products"

doi:10.1021/op068011l. Thompson, S. K.; Heathcock, C. H. (1992). "Total synthesis of some marasmane and lactarane sesquiterpenes". J. Org. Chem. 57 (22):

synthetically useful Norrish type II reaction can be found early in the total synthesis of the biologically active cardenolide ouabagenin by Phil Baran and

carboxylate ligands, notably the proline-derived DOSP ligand. The total synthesis of lithospermic acid employs guided C–H functionalization late stage

and promising applications of this coupling methodology toward the total synthesis of natural products exclusively employed the typical copper-cocatalyzed

doi:10.1039/C2SC20536J Fürstner, A; Langemann, K. (1996). "A Concise Total Synthesis of Dactylol via Ring Closing Metathesis" (PDF). J. Org. Chem. 61 (25):

Bichu; Trauner, Dirk (2015-11-04). "A Highly Convergent and Biomimetic Total Synthesis of Portentol". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 137 (43):

the stereochemical uncertainties existed till then. He demonstrated total synthesis of compounds related to gibberellins, a group of growth-regulating

Danishefsky, S.; Schuda, P. F.; Kitahara, T.; Etheredge, S. J. (1977). "The total synthesis of dl-vernolepin and dl-vernomenin". Journal of the American Chemical

Sheehan, E.L. Buhle, E.J. Corey, G.D. Laubach, J.J. Ryan (1950). "The Total Synthesis of a 5-Phenyl Penicillin: Methyl 5-Phenyl-(2-Carbomethoxyethyl)-Penicillinate"

Retrieved 30 May 2015. Kametani, Tetsuji; Fukumoto, Keiichiro (1964). "Total synthesis of (±)-dauricine". Tetrahedron Letters. 5 (38): 2771–2775. doi:10

Peter; Su, Dai-Shi; Sorensen, Erik J.; Danishefsky, Samuel J. (1996). "Total Synthesis of(–)-Epothilone A". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English

Irschik at the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (former GBF). A total synthesis of myxopyronin was first reported in 1998 by James S. Panek and co-workers

synthesis of alkaloids. An example was the hydroamination step used in the total synthesis of (-)-epimyrtine. Ammoxidation - reaction of ammonia with alkenes

have been developed. The Sharpless epoxidation has been used for the total synthesis of various saccharides, terpenes, leukotrienes, pheromones, and antibiotics

methods in natural product total synthesis have been shown to increase step-economy. For example, a concise total synthesis of swinholide A was achieved

Nicolaou, K. C.; Yu, Ruocheng; Rigol, Stephan (2024). Classics in Total Synthesis IV: New Targets, Strategies, Methods. Wiley. p. 612. ISBN 9783527831494

densely functionalized natural product offered an exciting challenge to total synthesis. The first isolation and characterization of Portentol was accomplished

2345–2347. doi:10.1021/jo0111614. PMID 11925251. Dobbs, A. (2001). "Total Synthesis of Indoles from Tricholoma Species via Bartoli / Heteroaryl Radical

synthesis of natural products. In 1980, she reported the first asymmetric total synthesis of the antibiotic (+)-furanomycin, the first use of the Ugi 4CC in

ISBN 9781476621111. Retrieved 28 May 2019. ApSimon J, ed. (2009). The Total Synthesis of Natural Products. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 229–30. ISBN 9780470129531

published in 1975. Hyperforin is a prenylated phloroglucinol derivative. Total synthesis of hyperforin has not yet been accomplished, despite attempts by several

1021/ja00444a056. PMID 830696. McDonald, Edward; Martin, Roger T. (1978). "Total synthesis of juncusol". Tetrahedron Letters. 19 (47): 4723. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(01)85715-4

complex. The hoiamides are promising therapeutic targets, making their total synthesis an attractive feat. The structural class of hoiamides is charactered

Society's Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. Her research interests are total synthesis and semisynthesis as well as evaluating biologically active agents

doi:10.1021/ja01173a023. Razdan RK (1980). "The Total Synthesis of Cannabinoids". Total Synthesis of Natural Products. Vol. 4. Wiley-Interscience. pp

(2011). "Terpenoid-Alkaloids: Their Biosynthetic Twist of Fate and Total Synthesis". Israel Journal of Chemistry. 51 (3–4): 391–405. doi:10.1002/ijch

1021/ja00451a061 (a) MacMillan, D. W. C.; Overman, Larry E. "Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)-7-Deacetoxyalcyonin Acetate. First Synthesis of a Eunicellin

Jean-Hugues; Fukui, Yoshikazu; Brückner, Arndt; Curran, Dennis (2004). "Total Synthesis of (−)-Dictyostatin: Confirmation of Relative and Absolute Configurations"

October 2013). "Chapter 3.4: 18,19-Norprogesterone and 19-Norpreganes". Total Synthesis of Steroids: Organic Chemistry: A Series of Monographs. Elsevier Science

1021/ja00398a058. Evans, D. A.; Bender S. L.; Morris J. (1988). "The total synthesis of the polyether antibiotic X-206". Journal of the American Chemical

1002/hlca.19870700124. Pommier A, Pons M, Kocienski P (1995). "The first total synthesis of (−)-lipstatin". Journal of Organic Chemistry. 60 (22): 7334–7339

permanganate, which produce hazardous wastes. Aliquat 336 was used in the total synthesis of manzamine A by Darren Dixon. Aliquat 336 has been used for the extraction

p. 98. Adrio J, Cuevas C, Manzanares I, Joullié MM (July 2007). "Total synthesis and biological evaluation of tamandarin B analogues". The Journal of

frog the synthesis of this product is of much interest. The first total synthesis of gephyrotoxin was performed by Kishi and his co-workers, here they

PMC 3713318. PMID 23935446. Wood JL, Stoltz BM, Dietrich HJ (1995). "Total synthesis of (+)- and (−)-K252a". J Am Chem Soc. 117 (41): 10413–4. doi:10.1021/ja00146a039

for sensitive substrates. This reaction was used during the first total synthesis of taxol to install an exo-methylene group on the C ring. First, the

Ramberg–Bäcklund rearrangement for the formation of aza-macrocycles: a total synthesis of manzamine C". Canadian Journal of Chemistry. 78 (8): 1060–1066.

of 5,6-, 5,7-, and 5,8-fused bicyclic systems. Application to the total synthesis of isodaucane sesquiterpenes and dolastane diterpenes". Journal of

Synthesis (e-EROS). Paquette is best known for achieving the first total synthesis of the Platonic solid dodecahedrane. He authored over 1300 peer-reviewed

A.; Ksander G. M.; Muesser, J. H.; Johnson, M. A. "Stereospecific Total Synthesis of Aphidicolin.". Journal of the American Chemical Society (1979),

Diene-selective Diels–Alder reaction in Corey's total synthesis of prostaglandin F2α

useful method of oxidation, Fétizon's reagent has been used in the total synthesis of numerous molecules such as (±)-bukittinggine. Fétizon's reagent

2665–72. doi:10.1139/v81-383. Trost BM, Dong L, Schroeder GM (2005). "Total synthesis of (+)-allocyathin B2". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 127

Ellery; Jason S. Chen (2009). "Samarium Diiodide Mediated Reactions in Total Synthesis". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 48 (39): 7140–7165. doi:10.1002/anie.200902151

spinach. Its chemical identity was established by spectroscopy and by total synthesis. Sirohydrochlorin is derived from a tetrapyrrolic structural framework

1039/D3OB00946G. PMID 37492953. Chavan SP, Kadam AL, Kawale SA (May 2019). "Total Synthesis of (±)-Quinagolide: A Potent D2 Receptor Agonist for the Treatment

Victoria A.; Bennett, Clay S.; Sakamoto, Yasuharu (2003-03-01). "Total Synthesis of (+)-Spongistatin 1. An Effective Second-Generation Construction

Retrieved June 22, 2017. Sears, Justin E.; Boger, Dale L. (2015). "Total Synthesis of Vinblastine, Related Natural Products, and Key Analogues and Development

ISSN 0002-7863. Blickenstaff RT, Ghosh AC, Wolf GC (22 October 2013). Total Synthesis of Steroids: Organic Chemistry: A Series of Monographs. Elsevier Science

Mioskowski, B. Samuelsson and S. Hammarstroem (1980). "Stereospecific total synthesis of a "slow reacting substance" of anaphylaxis, leukotriene C-1". J

sponge species, Pseudaxinyssa cantharella and Axinella corrugata. Total synthesis of stevensine has been achieved by Ying-zi Xu et al., and investigations

07.005. PMC 2753228. PMID 17854709. Lei, X.; Porco Ja, J. (2006). "Total synthesis of the diazobenzofluorene antibiotic (-)-kinamycin C1". Journal of

UV range. The structure of phytoene was established and proven by total synthesis, by the Basil Weedon group in 1966. "Carotenoid Biosynthesis". Archived

Wright, J.; Drtina, G. J.; Roberts, R. A. (1987). "Enantiospecific total synthesis of natural (−)-retigeranic acid a and two (−)-retigeranic acid B candidates"

Ongena, Raymond; Vandewalle, Maurits (January 1981). "Iridoids : Novel total synthesis of (±)- isoiridomyrmecin and of (±)-verbenalol". Tetrahedron. 37 (11):

(1921–2017), organic chemist, known for making contributions to the total synthesis of natural products Howard Martin Temin (1934–1994), geneticist and

PMID 22965829. S2CID 43205302., Sehailia, Moussa (2011). Studies towards the total synthesis of tagetitoxin (Doctoral thesis). University College London.[page needed]

Phil S. (2009-04-21). "Chemoselectivity: The Mother of Invention in Total Synthesis". Accounts of Chemical Research. 42 (4): 530–541. doi:10.1021/ar800182r

ring contraction of 1,2-dihydronaphthalenes: a diastereoselective total synthesis of (±)-indatraline". Organic Letters. 9 (8): 1433–6. doi:10.1021/ol070027o

1021/cr9703360 (a) MacMillan, D. W. C.; Overman, Larry E. "Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)-7-Deacetoxyalcyonin Acetate. First Synthesis of a Eunicellin

Shinada, Tetsuro; Oe, Kentaro; Ohfune, Yasufumi (2012). "Efficient Total Synthesis of Manzacidin B". Tetrahedron Letters. 53 (26): 3250–3253. doi:10.1016/j

of employing both Takai olefination and Stork-Zhao olefination in total synthesis of (+)-3-(E)- and (+)-3-(Z)-Pinnatifidenyne. Vinyl iodides are rarely

citation read: Professor Sondheimer is distinguished for his work on the total synthesis of a range of natural products, the partial synthesis of steroid hormones

Yaequinolone J1 is an antibiotic made by Penicillium. An asymmetric total synthesis of yaequinolone J1 has been published in 2018 by V. Vece, S. Jakkepally

Michael E.; Chang, Jonah J. (2 July 2010). "Enantiospecific Formal Total Synthesis of (+)-Fawcettimine". Organic Letters. 12 (13): 2962–2965. doi:10.1021/ol1009762

Karrer, P.; Eugster, C. H.; Tobler, E. "Synthesis of carotenoids. III. Total synthesis of lycopene". Helvetica Chimica Acta (in German). 33: 1349–1352. doi:10

7859 Lhasa, a minor planet LHASA, a computer program that aids in total synthesis Lhasa de Sela (1972–2010), American-born singer-songwriter Lhasa (album)

resveratrol dimer. Li, Wenling; Li, Hao; Li, Ying; Hou, Zijie (2006). "Total Synthesis of (±)-Quadrangularin A". Angewandte Chemie International Edition.

1021/jo00023a016. Lakshmaiah G, Kawabata T, Shang M, Fuji K (March 1999). "Total Synthesis of (-)-Horsfiline via Asymmetric Nitroolefination". The Journal of

"Buchner and Beyond: Arene Cyclopropanation as Applied to Natural Product Total Synthesis" (PDF), Synlett, 7 (17): 2437–2442, doi:10.1055/s-0031-1289520 Buchner

PMID: 527343. Yankee EW, Axen U, Bundy GL (September 1974). "Total synthesis of 15-methylprostaglandins". Journal of the American Chemical Society

"Catalytic Enantioselective Desymmetrization of Meso Compounds in Total Synthesis of Natural Products: Towards an Economy of Chiral Reagents". Synthesis

Elsevier. p. 381. ISBN 9780123932006. Zhang B, Lash TD (September 2003). "Total synthesis of the porphyrin mineral abelsonite and related petroporphyrins with

"Carbene Complexes in the Synthesis of Complex Natural Products: Total Synthesis of the Calphostins". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 122

oxazaborolidine catalyst. The Roskamp reaction was utilized in the total synthesis of (+)-Galbulimima Alkaloid 13 and (+)-Himgaline. Büchner–Curtius–Schlotterbeck

Schetter, Bernd; Mahrwald, Rainer (2006). "Modern aldol methods for the total synthesis of polyketides". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 45 (45):

A. Srikrishna at Indian Institute of Science in 1996–2001 for the total synthesis of sesquiterpenes. Soon after his PhD in 2001, he moved to US as a

against plants pathogens, synthetic efforts elucidated the compound’s total synthesis in 2002. Moorena species are normally the main component of the dietary

Research. 16 (3): 106–112. doi:10.1021/ar00087a006. "Synthetic scheme for total synthesis of DOPA, L- (Monsanto)". UW Madison, Department of Chemistry. Retrieved

carbenoid insertion - Cope rearrangement chemistry, leading to the total synthesis of three small tropane natural products. Young received her Ph.D. from

lignans through Pd-Catalyzed 2+2+2 cocyclization of arynes and diynes: total synthesis of Taiwanins C and E". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 43 (18): 2436–40

Tamelen E, Shamma M, Burgstahler A, Tamm R, Aldrich P (1958). "The Total Synthesis of Yohimbine". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80 (18): 5006–5007. Bibcode:1958JAChS

Telser, J; Rübsamen-Waigmann, H; Brunner, NA (2007). "Structure and total synthesis of lysobactin (katanosin B)". Angewandte Chemie International Edition

[permanent dead link] Woodward R. B.; Sondheimer F.; Taub D. (1951). "The Total Synthesis of Cortisone". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 73 (8): 4057

Daniel; Rentsch, Lara; Marti, Roger (2014). "Efficient and scalable total synthesis of calcitroic acid and its 13C-labeled derivative". RSC Adv. 4 (61):

Erythroxylum coca. Coca alkaloids John R. Malpass and Anna L. Wallis (1998). "Total synthesis of 1-hydroxytropacocaine and analogues". Tetrahedron. 54 (14): 3631–3644

chemistry. This reaction has also been used as a synthetic step in the total synthesis of commercially available pharmaceuticals such as telaprevir (VX-950)

Sons. p. 32. ISBN 978-3-527-63489-7. Johnson, Alan Thomas (1990). Total Synthesis of (+)-bourgeanic Acid and Conformational Analysis of Its Dilactone

Vallance, Claire; Wood, Bryan R. (1997), "Total Synthesis of C31-Methyl Ketone Apocarotenoids 2: The First Total Synthesis of (3R)-Triophaxanthin" (PDF), Acta

however, the only pathway for lanthionine that has been employed in the total synthesis of a lantibiotic. Biosynthesis of the lanthionine bridge in peptidic

members of these elusive species have been prepared explicitly by total synthesis, demonstrating the possibility of their existence. The key to their

acetylene dicarboxylic ester. Publisher: Harvard University, 1945. The Total Synthesis of Lysergic Acid. Edmund C. Kornfeld, E. J. Fornefeld, G. Bruce Kline

2). Totarol has been the subject of numerous syntheses. The first total synthesis of totarol (Scheme 3) utilized 6 and the alkyne 7 to yield 8 which

achieve cantharidin in the lab. A common strategy employed by different total synthesis methods is to begin with a Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction to form

Nathan C.; Baran, Phil S. (2016-07-11). "Short, Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Highly Oxidized Taxanes". Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Neuburger M, Grabenweger G, Eberl L, Gademann K (2015). "Isolation and total synthesis of kirkamide, an aminocyclitol from an obligate leaf nodule symbiont"