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searching for Solid angle 118 found (272 total)

alternate case: solid angle

Spectral radiance (2,007 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

plane at right angles to the line of propagation, and to an element of solid angle subtended by the detector at the element of source area. The term brightness

scattered by a volume element d V {\displaystyle dV} in time dt into solid angle dΩ between wavelengths λ and λ+dλ. From the point of view of an observer

(large) radius (an amplitude pattern or field pattern), the power per unit solid angle (power pattern) and the directive gain. Very often, only the relative

ARGUS detector was a hermetic detector with 90% coverage of the full solid angle. It had drift chambers, a time-of-flight system, an electromagnetic calorimeter

energy emitted per unit time per unit area of emitting surface, per unit solid angle, per unit wavelength, whereas B ν ( T ) {\displaystyle B_{\nu }(T)} has

volume but rather an "optical volume" equal to the product of area and solid angle. The power divided by the effective mode volume is proportional to the

the solid angle of a full sphere, the flux density is the first moment of the spectral radiance (or specific intensity) with respect to solid angle. It

M⋅L2⋅T−3 Radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit solid angle. This is a directional quantity. Spectral intensity Ie,Ω,ν watt per steradian

quantity is the difference in the number of gamma rays emitted within a solid angle between the two neutron spin states. This difference (divided by the

M⋅L2⋅T−3 Radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit solid angle. This is a directional quantity. Spectral intensity Ie,Ω,ν watt per steradian

the integral of the intensity over the disk of the star divided by the solid angle subtended by the disk: I m = ∫ I ( ψ ) d ω ∫ d ω , {\displaystyle I_{m}={\frac

M⋅L2⋅T−3 Radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit solid angle. This is a directional quantity. Spectral intensity Ie,Ω,ν watt per steradian

M⋅L2⋅T−3 Radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit solid angle. This is a directional quantity. Spectral intensity Ie,Ω,ν watt per steradian

solar radiation is contained in the solid angle subtended by the Sun, 10% is contained and isotropic in a solid angle 0.008 sr (this field of view includes

the double-differential cross section with respect to momentum (p) and solid angle ( Ω {\displaystyle \Omega } ) is as follows. d 2 σ ( p + A → π + + X

coherent and convenient and in which the quantities plane angle and solid angle might be considered as base quantities" and that "[the possibility of

quantum efficiency of the detector, and the full scattering volume and solid angle of the detector need to be known. Since this is impractical, all commercial

M⋅L2⋅T−3 Radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit solid angle. This is a directional quantity. Spectral intensity Ie,Ω,ν watt per steradian

applications. If X dV dΩ dλ is the energy scattered by a volume element dV into solid angle dΩ between wavelengths λ and λ + dλ per unit time then the emission coefficient

M⋅L2⋅T−3 Radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit solid angle. This is a directional quantity. Spectral intensity Ie,Ω,ν watt per steradian

M⋅L2⋅T−3 Radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit solid angle. This is a directional quantity. Spectral intensity Ie,Ω,ν watt per steradian

probability of finding a galaxy, Ω {\displaystyle \Omega } denotes the solid angle, and N {\displaystyle N} is the mean number density. In a homogeneous

above unity means that the intensity of light scattered back per unit solid angle towards the source is higher than is possible for any Lambertian surface

RandomControl Aqsis BSD Active Paul Gregory Arnold Proprietary Active Solid Angle, Autodesk, Sony Pictures Imageworks Brazil R/S Proprietary Discontinued

M⋅L2⋅T−3 Radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit solid angle. This is a directional quantity. Spectral intensity Ie,Ω,ν watt per steradian

M⋅L2⋅T−3 Radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit solid angle. This is a directional quantity. Spectral intensity Ie,Ω,ν watt per steradian

unit time per unit area, equivalent to intensity in terms of area, not solid angle). They are not new quantities, simply different names. Defining equation

volume × solid angle). ε dt dV dΩ is then the energy emitted by a volume element d V {\displaystyle dV} in time d t {\displaystyle dt} into solid angle d Ω

telescope's response function ranges from 0.25 to 0.05 cm2. The peak area-solid angle product response function of each telescope ranged from 0.04 to 0.015

M⋅L2⋅T−3 Radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit solid angle. This is a directional quantity. Spectral intensity Ie,Ω,ν watt per steradian

towards the observer, and d Ω {\displaystyle d\Omega } is an infinitesimal solid angle. In the case where velocity is parallel to acceleration (for example

were recorded. In this mode, directional information was obtained. The solid-angle-area factor of the telescope was about 4.3 cm2 (0.67 sq in). The look

almost completely surrounds the activity to be measured, covering a solid angle of approximately 4π. Also, in an ideal case, it should be thick enough

M⋅L2⋅T−3 Radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit solid angle. This is a directional quantity. Spectral intensity Ie,Ω,ν watt per steradian

"Pixar's RenderMan Products". Renderman.pixar.com. Retrieved 27 May 2016. "Solid Angle - Arnold Renderer". Solidangle.com. Retrieved 27 May 2016. "MARI Features ::

high power objective lens is typically used. This both maximises the solid angle subtended by the lens, and hence the angular variation of the light intercepted

}}},} where Le,Ωt is the radiance transmitted by that surface into the solid angle Ω; Le,Ωi is the radiance received by that surface. Spectral directional

a spectral radiance (power per unit area per unit frequency per unit solid angle) given by Planck's law: P f , A , Ω ( f ) = 2 h f 3 c 2 1 e h f / k B

rectangular NaI(Tl) scintillation counters total mass of NaI(Tl) is 2.6 t solid angle coverage is 65% of 4π sr minimum thickness is 32 cm or 12 radiation length

and σ y ′ {\displaystyle \sigma _{y'}} are the RMS values for the beam solid angle in the x and y dimensions, and d ω ω {\textstyle {\frac {d\omega }{\omega

(TAC), made of 42 pentagonal and hexagonal BaF2 crystals, providing full solid angle coverage. The detector is used to measure the gamma ray cascades that

typical applications. Radiance is surface power density per unit of solid angle (steradians) in a specific direction. Spectral radiance is radiance per

Planck function for temperature T and wavelength λ (units: power/area/solid angle/wavelength - e.g. watts/cm2/sr/cm) Iλ is the spectral intensity of the

S.P., Potnuru, S.K., & Kolhe, P.S.: (2007) "Analytical estimation of solid angle subtended by complex well-resolved surfaces for infrared detection studies"

gauge-dependent while the Berry curvature is not. The Berry curvature per solid angle is given by Ω ¯ θ ϕ = Ω θ ϕ / sin ⁡ θ = 1 / 2 {\displaystyle {\overline

was sampled 470 times. Particles were accepted over a 10- by 80-deg solid angle that swept out a nearly hemispherical region of space as the payload

d\Omega =\sin {v_{\theta }}~dv_{\phi }~dv_{\theta }} is an element of solid angle and v 2 = | v | 2 = v x 2 + v y 2 + v z 2 {\textstyle v^{2}=|\mathbf

in at least three (unresolved) distorted images. The change of their solid angle subtained on the sky corresponds to an observable brightening of the

HST/STIS uses a 0.2 arc sec aperture, which provides 375 times less solid angle on the sky than a 3 x 5 arc sec region observed by this rocket telescope

backscattered electrons because few such electrons are emitted in the solid angle subtended by the detector, and because the positively biased detection

to the given direction, per unit solid angle. Mathematically this is defined using limits as the area and solid angle tend to 0. The general formula is

gives rise to better resolution while the electron multiplier has larger solid angle acceptance. The equation governing the signal-to-noise ratio is S N =

2016 Complete Reference Guide, P.685, Kelly Murdock, 2015 Light Groups Solid Angle Sun Positioner and Physical Sky Autodesk The composition of the passes

commercial branch is being developed by Marcos' Madrid based company Solid Angle SL (now owned by Autodesk). Arnold was used on projects such as Monster

projected. A larger screen size means less luminous (luminous power per unit solid angle per unit area) and thus less contrast in the presence of ambient light

spot size; however, the solid angle geometry of the detector is only 0.04 msr. Therefore, a detector system with large solid angle as well as high depth

both the mother and the daughter spacecraft. All but 2% of the 4 pi-sr solid angle was covered for particle-velocity vectors. A Geiger–Müller tube was also

_{c}\approx \epsilon ^{-1/2}} . The forward peak is thus confined to a small solid angle of approximately π θ c 2 {\displaystyle \pi \theta _{c}^{2}} , and we

cost. In addition, the individual smaller Ge crystals present a smaller solid angle than a large volume Ge detector thus significantly reducing the effects

of energy ℏ ω k ′ {\displaystyle \hbar \omega _{k}^{\prime }} in the solid angle d Ω k ′ {\displaystyle d\Omega _{k^{\prime }}} (centered in the k ′ {\displaystyle

The temporal coincidence window was approximately 5 microseconds. The solid angle coverage of the interaction region was about 80% of 4π. A positron annihilating

Quantitative Assessment and Measurement of X-ray Detector Performance and Solid Angle in the Analytical Electron Microscope, Microscopy and Microanalysis (2021)

of the area A of any point in the optical system, multiplied by the solid angle Ω filled by the beam at that point. This product, AΩ, is known as the

{\displaystyle \alpha } 0 free angle [°] α {\displaystyle \alpha } c solid angle [°]; angle of the arc-spring at which the coils have contact n {\displaystyle

{r_{0}}}|/v_{s}},\qquad \quad (4),} where Ω 0 {\displaystyle \Omega _{0}} is the solid angle subtended by the entire surface S 0 {\displaystyle S_{0}} with respect

Chi-Sing Leung, and Ping-Man Lam. Real-time Environment Mapping with Equal Solid-Angle Spherical Quad-Map Archived 2007-10-23 at the Wayback Machine, Shader

short descriptions of redirect targets Steradian – SI derived unit of solid angle (the "square radian") On rare occasions, centesimal refers to the division

molecules hardly contribute to the measured light intensity in the narrow solid angle of the focal spot. In essence, focal molography forms a high-frequency

the regioselectivity and rate of catalysis include the pocket angle, solid angle, repulsive energy, and accessible molecular surface. Also of importance

of soft X-ray (0.5-10 keV) cameras (SXC). These instruments cover a solid angle of 1.5-2 steradians and will be used to make simultaneous, broad-band

that case the black body spectral radiance (power per emitting area per solid angle) is: u λ ( λ , T ) = 2 h c 2 λ 5 1 e h c / λ k T − 1 . {\displaystyle

of the analyzer, I(t) the electron excitation flux at depth t, dΩ the solid angle, and δt is the thickness of the layer being probed. Encompassed in these

meter for measuring luminance, i.e. luminous flux per unit area and unit solid angle Light meter, an instrument used to set photographic exposures. It can

The geometrical form factor (or "projected solid angle") Fij. Fij can be obtained by projecting the element Aj onto the surface of a unit hemisphere,

\mathrm {d} \Omega _{d}} denotes the d {\displaystyle d} -dimensional solid angle. For isotropic distributions, one has or Then, d ( γ β ) = γ ( γ 2 −

SolidSmack January 8, 2013 0.6.376 - Arnold for 3DS Max User Guide 5 - Solid Angle, Autodesk, September 28, 2016 Autodesk 3ds Max Cloud Rendering Archived

\mathrm {d} \Omega _{d}} denotes the d {\displaystyle d} -dimensional solid angle. For isotropic distributions, one has or Then, d ( γ β ) = γ ( γ 2 −

of a feed antenna would be a constant field strength throughout the solid angle of the dish, dropping abruptly to zero at the edges. However, practical

purpose the SND was constructed with many improvements relative to ND; the solid angle is covered up to 96% of 4π sr, the NaI(Tl) calorimeter has uniform spherical

the number of data, and Ω N p {\displaystyle \Omega _{N_{p}}} is the solid angle in N p {\displaystyle N_{p}} dimensions, where N p {\displaystyle N_{p}}

angles:: 81  d σ d Ω ( Ω ) d Ω = number of particles scattered into solid angle  d Ω  per unit time incident intensity {\displaystyle {\frac {\mathrm

is a surface integral of the news function at null infinity varied by solid angle. The Arnowitt–Deser–Misner (ADM) energy, or ADM mass, is the mass as

"gain" describes the concentration of radiated power into a particular solid angle of space. "Gain" is perhaps an unfortunately chosen term, by comparison

strength" refers to spectral intensity in frequency, i.e., power per unit solid angle and per unit frequency, expressed in watts per steradian per hertz; for

is a general purpose high-energy particle detector with almost full solid angle coverage. It has a cylindrical shape to cover the e+ e− collisions happening

and Lv are the energy and entropy fluxes per unit frequency, area, and solid angle. In deriving this blackbody spectral entropy radiance, with the goal

Acoustic power per solid angle radiated as microbarom by ocean waves. Left: log scale as a function of the elevation angle (zero is vertical). Right:

array intended for beamforming in a single direction or over a small solid angle. Measurements of the radiation efficiency are difficult. Classical techniques

\langle P\rangle =\mu v\omega ^{2}x_{m}^{2}/2\,\!} Sound intensity Ω = Solid angle I = P 0 / ( Ω r 2 ) {\displaystyle I=P_{0}/(\Omega r^{2})\,\!} I = P

not all the luminescent light is detected, only that in a restricted solid angle. Moreover, an absolute value for the concentration of luminescent molecules

Typical X-ray detectors for electron microscopes cover only a small solid angle, which makes X-ray detection relatively inefficient since X-rays are

{\displaystyle 2ET/\|{\vec {L}}\|-\Omega } where Ω {\displaystyle \Omega } is the solid angle swept by the angular momentum direction as viewed from within the rigid

scattering cross section is used: number of particles scattered into solid angle dΩ per unit time divided by number of particles per area per time (incident

Directional lamps are defined as "having at least 80% light output within a solid angle of π sr (corresponding to a cone with angle of 120°)". These lamp classes

Rising, Mary B.; McGinley, Patton H. (May 2010) [2009-02-16]. "Providing solid angle formalism for skyshine calculations". Journal of Applied Clinical Medical

the complex conjugate of a spherical harmonic, integrating over the solid angle Ω, and utilizing the above orthogonality relationships. This is justified

the aperture A1 to an integral surface element and the differential solid angle in the spherical coordinate system respectively. As a result, finally

− 4 {\displaystyle 10^{-4}} ) together with the large acceptance in solid angle (up to 28 msr) and in momentum (up to 25%) makes this setup ideal for

production target at high energies. They are collected over a certain solid angle by quadrupole magnets and directed onto a decay section consisting of

beamlines with efficient spectrometers that are able to span a large solid angle of detection are required. XRS spectrometers are usually based on spherically

important note how radiant flux varies with direction, the size of the solid angle subtended by the source at each point on the surface, and the orientation

resolution increase as the actual benefit of adding the other side of the solid angle. Since 1992, 4Pi microscopy developed by Stefan Hell (Max-Planck Institute

{\displaystyle 2\pi \sin \vartheta d\vartheta } is the element of the solid angle with its relative value 2 π sin ⁡ ϑ d ϑ / 4 π {\displaystyle 2\pi \sin

1016/S0301-0104(03)00119-8. Häussler, W; Schmidt, U; Dubbers, D (July 2004). "Increased solid angle in neutron resonance spin echo". Physica B: Condensed Matter. 350 (1–3):

EEVEE on wiki.blender.org Cryptomatte Shader docs.arnoldrenderer.com Solid Angle ships Arnold 5.2.1. CG Channel. October 23, 2018 What’s new in Houdini

1016/S0301-0104(03)00119-8. Häussler, W; Schmidt, U; Dubbers, D (July 2004). "Increased solid angle in neutron resonance spin echo". Physica B: Condensed Matter. 350 (1–3):

considering infalling particles aiming to the black hole within a small solid angle (a cone in velocity). These particle with small θ ≪ 1 {\displaystyle

where f is the combination of factors fsfωts/(2tc), in which fω is the solid angle of the sun divided by π. The maximum value of f without light concentration

outgoing particles from a collider, and covering nearly the whole of the solid angle, has been used ever since at colliding beam machines. This work finished

spherical crystal analyzers (typically more than one to increase the solid angle of the spectrometer) exploiting Bragg reflections and on a position sensitive

spectrometer is made of a scintillator crystal, covering almost all of the solid angle surrounding the radioactive sample. Ideally, the crystal would be thick

boundaries. A concave boundary is a set of concave edges, where the solid angle over the edge is more than 180. Secondary faces are all other faces.

as smart pixels – like 3D telemeters – has been the idea of trading solid angle of acceptance for area increase, taking advantage of the invariance of

plane normal to a natural surface and parallel to the axis of the obtuse solid angle. This axis was parallel to the axes of the spheroidal secondary waves

to blackbody radiation, laser emission has high directionality (small solid angle ΔΩ) and spectral purity (narrow bands Δω). Lasers range far-infrared

placed very close to a sample and the helium scattered into a large solid angle is fed to a detector. Images are collected by moving the sample around

150 cm. The central and endcap TOF detectors combined covered 97% of the solid angle. The CLEO I muon detector was far away enough from the interaction region

angles:: 81  d σ d Ω ( Ω ) d Ω = number of particles scattered into solid angle  d Ω  per unit time incident intensity {\displaystyle {\frac {\mathrm