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Longitudinal redundancy check (476 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In telecommunication, a longitudinal redundancy check (LRC), or horizontal redundancy check, is a form of redundancy check that is applied independently

Depth-first search (2,441 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Depth-first search (DFS) is an algorithm for traversing or searching tree or graph data structures. The algorithm starts at the root node (selecting some

CURE algorithm (788 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

CURE (Clustering Using REpresentatives) is an efficient data clustering algorithm for large databases[citation needed]. Compared with K-means clustering

Graph traversal (1,492 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer science, graph traversal (also known as graph search) refers to the process of visiting (checking and/or updating) each vertex in a graph.

Borůvka's algorithm (1,176 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

of edges it has added forms the minimum spanning forest. The following pseudocode illustrates a basic implementation of Borůvka's algorithm. In the conditional

Alpha–beta pruning (2,405 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Alpha–beta pruning is a search algorithm that seeks to decrease the number of nodes that are evaluated by the minimax algorithm in its search tree. It

Julia set (5,718 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

defined in the study of dynamics in several complex variables. The below pseudocode implementations hard code the functions for each fractal. Consider implementing

Stooge sort (485 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Stooge sort is a recursive sorting algorithm. It is notable for its exceptionally poor time complexity of O ( n log ⁡ 3 / log ⁡ 1.5 ) {\displaystyle O(n^{\log

Luhn algorithm (987 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Luhn algorithm or Luhn formula, also known as the "modulus 10" or "mod 10" algorithm, named after its creator, IBM scientist Hans Peter Luhn, is a

Floyd–Warshall algorithm (3,071 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

i , j ) {\displaystyle (i,j)} pairs using any intermediate vertices. Pseudocode for this basic version follows. let dist be a |V| × |V| array of minimum

Blowfish (cipher) (2,000 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article

Blowfish is a symmetric-key block cipher, designed in 1993 by Bruce Schneier and included in many cipher suites and encryption products. Blowfish provides

SHA-2 (4,982 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

lazy dog.") 0x 619cba8e8e05826e9b8c519c0a5c68f4fb653e8a3d8aa04bb2c8cd4c Pseudocode for the SHA-256 algorithm follows. Note the great increase in mixing between

Event-driven programming (798 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer programming, event-driven programming is a programming paradigm in which the flow of the program is determined by external events. UI events

Introsort (1,227 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Introsort or introspective sort is a hybrid sorting algorithm that provides both fast average performance and (asymptotically) optimal worst-case performance

Cocktail shaker sort (1,114 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Cocktail shaker sort, also known as bidirectional bubble sort, cocktail sort, shaker sort (which can also refer to a variant of selection sort), ripple

Duck typing (617 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer programming, duck typing is an application of the duck test—"If it walks like a duck and it quacks like a duck, then it must be a duck"—to

MD5 (4,724 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Wikifunctions has a function related to this topic. The MD5 message-digest algorithm is a widely used hash function producing a 128-bit hash value. MD5

Ball tree (1,401 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer science, a ball tree, balltree or metric tree, is a space partitioning data structure for organizing points in a multi-dimensional space. A

Comb sort (832 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Comb sort is a relatively simple sorting algorithm originally designed by Włodzimierz Dobosiewicz and Artur Borowy in 1980, later rediscovered (and given

Biconnected component (1,389 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In graph theory, a biconnected component or block (sometimes known as a 2-connected component) is a maximal biconnected subgraph. Any connected graph decomposes

Multibrot set (872 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In mathematics, a Multibrot set is the set of values in the complex plane whose absolute value remains below some finite value throughout iterations by

Longest common substring (1,063 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

can be solved in Θ ( N ) {\displaystyle \Theta (N)} time. The following pseudocode finds the set of longest common substrings between two strings with dynamic

Tree traversal (2,886 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

links. Revert the changes to restore original tree. Also, listed below is pseudocode for a simple queue based level-order traversal, and will require space

Scrypt (1,655 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In cryptography, scrypt (pronounced "ess crypt") is a password-based key derivation function created by Colin Percival in March 2009, originally for the

Modular exponentiation (2,802 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

computation time decreases by a factor of at least O(e) in this method. In pseudocode, this method can be performed the following way: function modular_pow(base

Bucket sort (2,190 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Bucket sort, or bin sort, is a sorting algorithm that works by distributing the elements of an array into a number of buckets. Each bucket is then sorted

Odd–even sort (1,035 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computing, an odd–even sort or odd–even transposition sort (also known as brick sort[self-published source] or parity sort) is a relatively simple sorting

American flag sort (983 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

An American flag sort is an efficient, in-place variant of radix sort that distributes items into buckets. Non-comparative sorting algorithms such as radix

Iterative deepening A* (1,406 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Iterative deepening A* (IDA*) is a graph traversal and path search algorithm that can find the shortest path between a designated start node and any member

Proxmap sort (1,952 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

ProxmapSort, or Proxmap sort, is a sorting algorithm that works by partitioning an array of data items, or keys, into a number of "subarrays" (termed buckets

Natural evolution strategy (1,172 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Natural evolution strategies (NES) are a family of numerical optimization algorithms for black box problems. Similar in spirit to evolution strategies

Los Alamos chess (656 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

estimates a score for material and a score for mobility, then adds them. Pseudocode for the chess program is described in Figure 11.4 of Newell, 2019. In

Karatsuba algorithm (2,044 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

operations may make it run slower than the longhand method. Here is the pseudocode for this algorithm, using numbers represented in base ten. For the binary

Principal variation search (1,046 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Principal variation search (sometimes equated with the practically identical NegaScout) is a negamax algorithm that can be faster than alpha–beta pruning

Zobrist hashing (855 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

is computed by combining those bitstrings using bitwise XOR. Example pseudocode for the game of chess:[citation needed] constant indices white_pawn :=

Hill climbing (1,549 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

step, and may wander in a direction that never leads to improvement. Pseudocode algorithm Discrete Space Hill Climbing is currentNode := startNode loop

BitFunnel (609 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

BitFunnel is the search engine indexing algorithm and a set of components used in the Bing search engine, which were made open source in 2016. BitFunnel

LZ77 and LZ78 (2,566 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

more recent and may correlate better with the next input. The following pseudocode is a reproduction of the LZ77 compression algorithm sliding window. while

Topological sorting (3,170 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer science, a topological sort or topological ordering of a directed graph is a linear ordering of its vertices such that for every directed edge

Dynamic array (2,102 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer science, a dynamic array, growable array, resizable array, dynamic table, mutable array, or array list is a random access, variable-size list

Apriori algorithm (1,316 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Apriori is an algorithm for frequent item set mining and association rule learning over relational databases. It proceeds by identifying the frequent individual

Median filter (1,619 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The median filter is a non-linear digital filtering technique, often used to remove noise from an image, signal, and video. Such noise reduction is a typical

ID3 algorithm (1,324 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In decision tree learning, ID3 (Iterative Dichotomiser 3) is an algorithm invented by Ross Quinlan used to generate a decision tree from a dataset. ID3

Loop-level parallelism (2,046 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Loop-level parallelism is a form of parallelism in software programming that is concerned with extracting parallel tasks from loops. The opportunity for

HITS algorithm (1,727 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

normalise the hub values The hub and authority values converge in the pseudocode above. The code below does not converge, because it is necessary to limit

Flood fill (2,948 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

can be painted. A walking algorithm was published in 1994. This is a pseudocode implementation of an optimal fixed-memory flood-fill algorithm written

Automatic differentiation (6,146 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In mathematics and computer algebra, automatic differentiation (auto-differentiation, autodiff, or AD), also called algorithmic differentiation, computational

Batcher odd–even mergesort (356 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Batcher's odd–even mergesort is a generic construction devised by Ken Batcher for sorting networks of size O(n (log n)2) and depth O((log n)2), where n

Relational model (4,196 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The relational model (RM) is an approach to managing data using a structure and language consistent with first-order predicate logic, first described in

Chord (peer-to-peer) (2,496 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

is alive and the node will have the correct pointer. Definitions for pseudocode finger[k] first node that succeeds ( n + 2 k − 1 ) mod 2 m , 1 ≤ k ≤

SMA* (489 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

SMA* or Simplified Memory Bounded A* is a shortest path algorithm based on the A* algorithm. The main advantage of SMA* is that it uses a bounded memory

AVL tree (4,284 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Pseudocode implementation for the Join algorithm function JoinRightAVL(TL, k, TR) (l, k', c) = expose(TL) if (Height(c) <= Height(TR)+1) T' = Node(c, k

Branch and bound (2,432 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

quickly produces full solutions, and therefore upper bounds. A C++-like pseudocode implementation of the above is: // C++-like implementation of branch and

Edmonds–Karp algorithm (1,121 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer science, the Edmonds–Karp algorithm is an implementation of the Ford–Fulkerson method for computing the maximum flow in a flow network in O

Cycle sort (918 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Cycle sort is an in-place, unstable sorting algorithm, a comparison sort that is theoretically optimal in terms of the total number of writes to the original

Tarjan's strongly connected components algorithm (1,711 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the stack should be done in constant time. This can be done as in the pseudocode above: store a flag on each node that indicates whether it is on the stack

Gift wrapping algorithm (680 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computational geometry, the gift wrapping algorithm is an algorithm for computing the convex hull of a given set of points. In the two-dimensional case

DPLL algorithm (2,559 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

exhaustive search. The DPLL algorithm can be summarized in the following pseudocode, where Φ is the CNF formula: Algorithm DPLL Input: A set of clauses Φ

Ford–Fulkerson algorithm (2,299 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Ford–Fulkerson method or Ford–Fulkerson algorithm (FFA) is a greedy algorithm that computes the maximum flow in a flow network. It is sometimes called

Partial least squares regression (2,972 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

in the code below may not be normalized appropriately; see talk.) In pseudocode it is expressed below (capital letters are matrices, lower case letters

Row echelon form (2,913 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In linear algebra, a matrix is in row echelon form if it can be obtained as the result of Gaussian elimination. Every matrix can be put in row echelon

Tarjan's strongly connected components algorithm (1,711 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the stack should be done in constant time. This can be done as in the pseudocode above: store a flag on each node that indicates whether it is on the stack

Graham scan (1,738 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

time to sort dominates the time to actually compute the convex hull. The pseudocode below uses a function ccw: ccw > 0 if three points make a counter-clockwise

Gift wrapping algorithm (680 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computational geometry, the gift wrapping algorithm is an algorithm for computing the convex hull of a given set of points. In the two-dimensional case

Ramer–Douglas–Peucker algorithm (1,189 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

T(n − i) + O(n) where i = 1, 2,..., n − 2 is the value of index in the pseudocode. In the worst case, i = 1 or i = n − 2 at each recursive invocation yields

Edmonds–Karp algorithm (1,121 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer science, the Edmonds–Karp algorithm is an implementation of the Ford–Fulkerson method for computing the maximum flow in a flow network in O

Tarjan's off-line lowest common ancestors algorithm (583 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

by Gabow & Tarjan (1983) speeds the algorithm up to linear time. The pseudocode below determines the lowest common ancestor of each pair in P, given the

Bellman–Ford algorithm (2,787 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Bellman–Ford algorithm is an algorithm that computes shortest paths from a single source vertex to all of the other vertices in a weighted digraph

Patience sorting (1,302 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer science, patience sorting is a sorting algorithm inspired by, and named after, the card game patience. A variant of the algorithm efficiently

Hirschberg's algorithm (1,326 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer science, Hirschberg's algorithm, named after its inventor, Dan Hirschberg, is a dynamic programming algorithm that finds the optimal sequence

Lock (computer science) (3,538 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article

In computer science, a lock or mutex (from mutual exclusion) is a synchronization primitive that prevents state from being modified or accessed by multiple

Jacobi method (2,195 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

convergence criterion Output: solution when convergence is reached Comments: pseudocode based on the element-based formula above k = 0 while convergence not reached

Barnsley fern (1,329 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Barnsley fern is a fractal named after the British mathematician Michael Barnsley who first described it in his book Fractals Everywhere. He made it

Quickhull (1,052 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

line from C to Q. FindHull(S1, P, C) FindHull(S2, C, Q) end function A pseudocode specialized for the 3D case is available from Jordan Smith. It includes

Cultural algorithm (545 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Cultural algorithms (CA) are a branch of evolutionary computation where there is a knowledge component that is called the belief space in addition to the

Polytope model (698 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

polytope method", tutorial by Martin Griebl containing diagrams of the pseudocode example above "Code Generation in the Polytope Model" (1998). Martin Griebl

Counting sort (1,591 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

output array and their relative order in the input array should match. In pseudocode, the algorithm may be expressed as: function CountingSort(input, k) count

Disjoint-set data structure (4,634 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

to itself, then adding an element can be described using the following pseudocode: function MakeSet(x) is if x is not already in the forest then x.parent :=

Constant folding (784 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

intrinsic functions applied to constant values. Consider the following pseudocode: int x = 14; int y = 7 - x / 2; return y * (28 / x + 2); Propagating x

Breadth-first search (1,858 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Breadth-first search (BFS) is an algorithm for searching a tree data structure for a node that satisfies a given property. It starts at the tree root and

MTD(f) (812 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article

MTD(f) is an alpha-beta game tree search algorithm modified to use ‘zero-window’ initial search bounds, and memory (usually a transposition table) to reuse

AKS primality test (2,447 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The AKS primality test (also known as Agrawal–Kayal–Saxena primality test and cyclotomic AKS test) is a deterministic primality-proving algorithm created

Division algorithm (5,901 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

A division algorithm is an algorithm which, given two integers N and D (respectively the numerator and the denominator), computes their quotient and/or

Karmarkar's algorithm (2,252 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Karmarkar's algorithm is an algorithm introduced by Narendra Karmarkar in 1984 for solving linear programming problems. It was the first reasonably efficient

OPTICS algorithm (2,133 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Ordering points to identify the clustering structure (OPTICS) is an algorithm for finding density-based clusters in spatial data. It was presented in 1999

Feature hashing (3,124 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

mod N if ξ(f) == 1: x[idx] += 1 else: x[idx] -= 1 return x The above pseudocode actually converts each sample into a vector. An optimized version would

Euler's factorization method (1,186 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Euler's factorization method is a technique for factoring a number by writing it as a sum of two squares in two different ways. For example the number

Subset sum problem (3,781 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The subset sum problem (SSP) is a decision problem in computer science. In its most general formulation, there is a multiset S {\displaystyle S} of integers

Mersenne Twister (3,995 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Mersenne Twister is a general-purpose pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) developed in 1997 by Makoto Matsumoto (松本眞) and Takuji Nishimura (西村拓士)

Winged edge (599 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer graphics, the winged edge data structure is a way to represent polygon meshes in computer memory. It is a type of boundary representation and

Mersenne Twister (3,995 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Mersenne Twister is a general-purpose pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) developed in 1997 by Makoto Matsumoto (松本眞) and Takuji Nishimura (西村拓士)

Symbolic Cholesky decomposition (310 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In the mathematical subfield of numerical analysis the symbolic Cholesky decomposition is an algorithm used to determine the non-zero pattern for the L

MurmurHash (1,406 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

MurmurHash is a non-cryptographic hash function suitable for general hash-based lookup. It was created by Austin Appleby in 2008 and, as of 8 January 2016

Bron–Kerbosch algorithm (2,134 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

in future cliques and continues with the next vertex in P. That is, in pseudocode, the algorithm performs the following steps: algorithm BronKerbosch1(R

Yen's algorithm (2,179 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In graph theory, Yen's algorithm computes single-source K-shortest loopless paths for a graph with non-negative edge cost. The algorithm was published

Kernel (image processing) (1,718 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article

In image processing, a kernel, convolution matrix, or mask is a small matrix used for blurring, sharpening, embossing, edge detection, and more. This is

Xiaolin Wu's line algorithm (583 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Xiaolin Wu's line algorithm is an algorithm for line antialiasing. Xiaolin Wu's line algorithm was presented in the article "An Efficient Antialiasing

Backtracking (1,986 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Backtracking is a class of algorithms for finding solutions to some computational problems, notably constraint satisfaction problems, that incrementally

Ordered dithering (1,694 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Ordered dithering is any image dithering algorithm which uses a pre-set threshold map tiled across an image. It is commonly used to display a continuous

GSP algorithm (564 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

GSP algorithm (Generalized Sequential Pattern algorithm) is an algorithm used for sequence mining. The algorithms for solving sequence mining problems

Painter's algorithm (1,380 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The painter's algorithm (also depth-sort algorithm and priority fill) is an algorithm for visible surface determination in 3D computer graphics that works

Successive over-relaxation (3,148 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In numerical linear algebra, the method of successive over-relaxation (SOR) is a variant of the Gauss–Seidel method for solving a linear system of equations

Gauss–Seidel method (3,999 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In numerical linear algebra, the Gauss–Seidel method, also known as the Liebmann method or the method of successive displacement, is an iterative method

Needleman–Wunsch algorithm (3,242 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Needleman–Wunsch algorithm is an algorithm used in bioinformatics to align protein or nucleotide sequences. It was one of the first applications of

SUBCLU (1,388 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

SUBCLU is an algorithm for clustering high-dimensional data by Karin Kailing, Hans-Peter Kriegel and Peer Kröger. It is a subspace clustering algorithm

Operator-precedence parser (1,839 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

parsed in a separate subroutine, like in a recursive descent parser. The pseudocode for the algorithm is as follows. The parser starts at function parse_expression

Richardson extrapolation (2,734 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

increasing number of calculations needed (see examples below). The following pseudocode in MATLAB style demonstrates Richardson extrapolation to help solve the

Determining the number of clusters in a data set (2,763 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Determining the number of clusters in a data set, a quantity often labelled k as in the k-means algorithm, is a frequent problem in data clustering, and

Mean value analysis (1,587 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, mean value analysis (MVA) is a recursive technique for computing expected

Bresenham's line algorithm (3,722 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Bresenham's line algorithm is a line drawing algorithm that determines the points of an n-dimensional raster that should be selected in order to form a

Sort-merge join (991 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

leftRow is greater than rightRow } Note that a relation in terms of this pseudocode supports some basic operations: interface Relation { // Returns true if

Word problem for groups (4,932 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

{\displaystyle S} . Given these facts, the algorithm defined by the following pseudocode: For every mapping of X into S If every relator in R is satisfied in S

Earley parser (1,587 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer science, the Earley parser is an algorithm for parsing strings that belong to a given context-free language, though (depending on the variant)

Sutherland–Hodgman algorithm (609 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Sutherland–Hodgman algorithm is an algorithm used for clipping polygons. It works by extending each line of the convex clip polygon in turn and selecting

Viterbi algorithm (2,664 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Viterbi algorithm is a dynamic programming algorithm for obtaining the maximum a posteriori probability estimate of the most likely sequence of hidden

Dixon's factorization method (2,513 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In number theory, Dixon's factorization method (also Dixon's random squares method or Dixon's algorithm) is a general-purpose integer factorization algorithm;

Berlekamp–Massey algorithm (1,222 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Berlekamp–Massey algorithm is an algorithm that will find the shortest linear-feedback shift register (LFSR) for a given binary output sequence. The

AC-3 algorithm (799 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

terminates, with D(X) = {0, 2, 4} and D(Y) = {0, 2, 4}. AC-3 is expressed in pseudocode as follows: Input: A set of variables X A set of domains D(x) for each

Vertex cover (2,556 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In graph theory, a vertex cover (sometimes node cover) of a graph is a set of vertices that includes at least one endpoint of every edge of the graph.

Fitness proportionate selection (1,066 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Fitness proportionate selection, also known as roulette wheel selection or spinning wheel selection, is a selection technique used in evolutionary algorithms

D* (1,503 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

D* (pronounced "D star") is any one of the following three related incremental search algorithms: The original D*, by Anthony Stentz, is an informed incremental

Biconjugate gradient stabilized method (1,473 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In numerical linear algebra, the biconjugate gradient stabilized method, often abbreviated as BiCGSTAB, is an iterative method developed by H. A. van der

3D pose estimation (1,050 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

3D pose estimation is a process of predicting the transformation of an object from a user-defined reference pose, given an image or a 3D scan. It arises

Iterative deepening depth-first search (2,548 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

breadth-first search. However, IDDFS uses much less memory. The following pseudocode shows IDDFS implemented in terms of a recursive depth-limited DFS (called

Stable roommates problem (2,222 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In mathematics, economics and computer science, particularly in the fields of combinatorics, game theory and algorithms, the stable-roommate problem (SRP)

Kernighan–Lin algorithm (641 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Kernighan–Lin algorithm is a heuristic algorithm for finding partitions of graphs. The algorithm has important practical application in the layout

Multi-key quicksort (700 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

with extra elements that are less than any element in the strings. The pseudocode for the algorithm is then algorithm sort(a : array of string, d : integer)

Lifelong Planning A* (1,532 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

LPA* or Lifelong Planning A* is an incremental heuristic search algorithm based on A*. It was first described by Sven Koenig and Maxim Likhachev in 2001

Banker's algorithm (1,903 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Banker's algorithm is a resource allocation and deadlock avoidance algorithm developed by Edsger Dijkstra that tests for safety by simulating the allocation

Backpropagation through time (745 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

f 3 {\displaystyle f_{1},f_{2},f_{3}} ) are summed together. Below is pseudocode for a truncated version of BPTT, where the training data contains n {\displaystyle

Fisher–Yates shuffle (5,222 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Fisher–Yates shuffle is an algorithm for shuffling a finite sequence. The algorithm takes a list of all the elements of the sequence, and continually

Multiplication algorithm (6,871 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

119791165 191665864 71874699 00000000 ——————————————— 139676498390 Below pseudocode describes the process of above multiplication. It keeps only one row to

Generalized minimal residual method (3,328 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In mathematics, the generalized minimal residual method (GMRES) is an iterative method for the numerical solution of an indefinite nonsymmetric system

Mac Hack (718 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

chess rating, and the first to win against a person in tournament play. A pseudocode for the program is given in Figure 11.16 of. Its name comes from Project

Scalable parallelism (419 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Software is said to exhibit scalable parallelism if it can make use of additional processors to solve larger problems, i.e. this term refers to software

Fair queuing (1,152 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Fair queuing is a family of scheduling algorithms used in some process and network schedulers. The algorithm is designed to achieve fairness when a limited

Quantum programming (4,217 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

analysis of quantum programs, and verification of quantum programs. Quantum pseudocode proposed by E. Knill is the first formalized language for description

Cryptographically Generated Address (1,933 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the pseudocode below are assumed to be stored as 8-bit unsigned integers that cannot have a value greater than 7. The following piece of pseudocode represents

Gilbert–Johnson–Keerthi distance algorithm (602 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Gilbert–Johnson–Keerthi distance algorithm is a method of determining the minimum distance between two convex sets, first published by Elmer G. Gilbert

Lenstra–Lenstra–Lovász lattice basis reduction algorithm (2,154 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Lenstra–Lenstra–Lovász (LLL) lattice basis reduction algorithm is a polynomial time lattice reduction algorithm invented by Arjen Lenstra, Hendrik

Random geometric graph (2,603 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In graph theory, a random geometric graph (RGG) is the mathematically simplest spatial network, namely an undirected graph constructed by randomly placing

Library sort (927 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Library sort or gapped insertion sort is a sorting algorithm that uses an insertion sort, but with gaps in the array to accelerate subsequent insertions

Samplesort (3,298 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

The following listing shows the above mentioned three step algorithm as pseudocode and shows how the algorithm works in principle. In the following, A is

Link/cut tree (2,567 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

A link/cut tree is a data structure for representing a forest, a set of rooted trees, and offers the following operations: Add a tree consisting of a single

Reverse-delete algorithm (1,154 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The reverse-delete algorithm is an algorithm in graph theory used to obtain a minimum spanning tree from a given connected, edge-weighted graph. It first

Brace notation (790 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

extract bytes from a string variable. An example of brace notation using pseudocode which would extract the 82nd character from the string is: a_byte = a_string{82}

ELIZA (4,437 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

ELIZA is an early natural language processing computer program developed from 1964 to 1967 at MIT by Joseph Weizenbaum.[page needed] Created to explore

Perrin number (3,614 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In mathematics, the Perrin numbers are a doubly infinite constant-recursive integer sequence with characteristic equation x3 = x + 1. The Perrin numbers

Minimum bottleneck spanning tree (1,346 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In mathematics, a minimum bottleneck spanning tree (MBST) in an undirected graph is a spanning tree in which the most expensive edge is as cheap as possible

Simulated annealing (4,628 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

time required for a complete search of the solution space. The following pseudocode presents the simulated annealing heuristic as described above. It starts

2-opt (1,851 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Visually, one swap looks like: - A B - - A - B - × ==> - C D - - C - D - In pseudocode, the mechanism by which the 2-opt swap manipulates a given route is as

Conjugate residual method (744 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The conjugate residual method is an iterative numeric method used for solving systems of linear equations. It's a Krylov subspace method very similar to

Scalable locality (532 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Computer software is said to exhibit scalable locality if it can continue to make use of processors that out-pace their memory systems, to solve ever larger

Selective Repeat ARQ (1,269 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Selective Repeat ARQ or Selective Reject ARQ is a specific instance of the automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocol used to manage sequence numbers and

Leftist tree (2,357 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer science, a leftist tree or leftist heap is a priority queue implemented with a variant of a binary heap. Every node x has an s-value which

Viola–Jones object detection framework (2,854 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Viola–Jones object detection framework is a machine learning object detection framework proposed in 2001 by Paul Viola and Michael Jones. It was motivated

Microframework (219 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

A microframework is a term used to refer to minimalistic web application frameworks. It is contrasted with full-stack frameworks. It lacks most of the

Partial sorting (952 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer science, partial sorting is a relaxed variant of the sorting problem. Total sorting is the problem of returning a list of items such that its

Tomasulo's algorithm (1,495 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Pseudocode: 180 Instruction state Wait until Action or bookkeeping FP operation Station r empty if (RegisterStat[rs].Qi¦0) { RS[r].Qj ← RegisterStat[rs]

Fringe search (856 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer science, fringe search is a graph search algorithm that finds the least-cost path from a given initial node to one goal node. In essence, fringe

Datafly algorithm (579 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Datafly algorithm is an algorithm for providing anonymity in medical data. The algorithm was developed by Latanya Arvette Sweeney in 1997−98. Anonymization

Dynamic perfect hashing (1,596 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

et al. uses these concepts, as well as lazy deletion, and is shown in pseudocode below. function Locate(x) is j := h(x) if (position hj(x) of subtable

Dynamic time warping (3,865 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In time series analysis, dynamic time warping (DTW) is an algorithm for measuring similarity between two temporal sequences, which may vary in speed. For

Visvalingam–Whyatt algorithm (498 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Visvalingam–Whyatt algorithm, or simply the Visvalingam algorithm, is an algorithm that decimates a curve composed of line segments to a similar curve

Stone's method (474 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In numerical analysis, Stone's method, also known as the strongly implicit procedure or SIP, is an algorithm for solving a sparse linear system of equations

Firefly algorithm (728 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

by Xin-She Yang and inspired by the flashing behavior of fireflies. In pseudocode the algorithm can be stated as: Begin 1) Objective function: f ( x )

CUSIP (1,651 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

A CUSIP (/ˈkjuːsɪp/) is a nine-character numeric or alphanumeric code that uniquely identifies a North American financial security for the purposes of

Pickover stalk (732 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

system can “look” like Pickover's biomorphs. The below example, written in pseudocode, renders a Mandelbrot set colored using a Pickover Stalk with a transformation

LEB128 (1,440 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

implementation of LEB128 encoding and decoding is useful alongside the pseudocode above. .NET supports a "7-bit encoded int" format in the BinaryReader

Block sort (4,838 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Block sort, or block merge sort, is a sorting algorithm combining at least two merge operations with an insertion sort to arrive at O(n log n) (see Big

Multilevel Monte Carlo method (1,045 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) methods in numerical analysis are algorithms for computing expectations that arise in stochastic simulations. Just as Monte

Cooperative coevolution (368 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Cooperative Coevolution (CC) in the field of biological evolution is an evolutionary computation method. It divides a large problem into subcomponents

Perfect hash function (2,870 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

necessary to accomplish this are minimal, and are underlined in the adapted pseudocode below: (4) for all i ∈[r], in the order from (2), do (5) for l ← 1,2,

HCS clustering algorithm (1,154 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The HCS (Highly Connected Subgraphs) clustering algorithm (also known as the HCS algorithm, and other names such as Highly Connected Clusters/Components/Kernels)

Aitken's delta-squared process (1,967 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In numerical analysis, Aitken's delta-squared process or Aitken extrapolation is a series acceleration method used for accelerating the rate of convergence

Effective hand strength algorithm (610 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Effective Hand Strength (EHS) is a poker algorithm conceived by computer scientists Darse Billings, Denis Papp, Jonathan Schaeffer and Duane Szafron that

Poisson distribution (11,215 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In probability theory and statistics, the Poisson distribution (/ˈpwɑːsɒn/) is a discrete probability distribution that expresses the probability of a

Jacobi eigenvalue algorithm (4,682 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In numerical linear algebra, the Jacobi eigenvalue algorithm is an iterative method for the calculation of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a real symmetric

Quadtree (4,712 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

A quadtree is a tree data structure in which each internal node has exactly four children. Quadtrees are the two-dimensional analog of octrees and are

Shellsort (3,442 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Shellsort, also known as Shell sort or Shell's method, is an in-place comparison sort. It can be understood as either a generalization of sorting by exchange

PJW hash function (263 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

PJW hash function is a non-cryptographic hash function created by Peter J. Weinberger of AT&T Bell Labs. A variant of PJW hash had been used to create

Go-Back-N ARQ (575 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Go-Back-N ARQ is a specific instance of the automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocol, in which the sending process continues to send a number of frames

Algorithms for calculating variance (5,772 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Algorithms for calculating variance play a major role in computational statistics. A key difficulty in the design of good algorithms for this problem is

Overlap–save method (1,511 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

step_size end When the DFT and IDFT are implemented by the FFT algorithm, the pseudocode above requires about N (log2(N) + 1) complex multiplications for the FFT

Kotok-McCarthy (1,154 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

played in and lost the first chess match between two computer programs. A pseudocode of the program is in Figure 11.15 of. Between 1959 and 1962, classmates

NESL (263 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

parallel programming languages, and the code closely resembles high-level pseudocode. NESL handles nested data parallelism by using the flattening transformation

Saliency map (2,036 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer vision, a saliency map is an image that highlights either the region on which people's eyes focus first or the most relevant regions for machine

Theta* (631 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Theta* is an any-angle path planning algorithm that is based on the A* search algorithm. It can find near-optimal paths with run times comparable to those

Held–Karp algorithm (2,164 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Held–Karp algorithm, also called the Bellman–Held–Karp algorithm, is a dynamic programming algorithm proposed in 1962 independently by Bellman and

Chan's algorithm (3,662 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

. In the following pseudocode, text between parentheses and in italic are comments. To fully understand the following pseudocode, it is recommended that

DSatur (769 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

DSatur is a graph colouring algorithm put forward by Daniel Brélaz in 1979. Similarly to the greedy colouring algorithm, DSatur colours the vertices of

Persistent array (1,571 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

destroyed during the creation of ar2. For example, consider the following pseudocode. array = [0, 0, 0] updated_array = array.update(0, 8) other_array = array

Proportional–integral–derivative controller (12,110 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

sending the output to 0. Here is a very simple and explicit group of pseudocode that can be easily understood by the layman:[citation needed] Kp - proportional

K-mer (6,066 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

one and taking out each substring of length k {\displaystyle k} . The pseudocode to achieve this is as follows: procedure k-mers(string seq, integer k)

Behavior tree (artificial intelligence, robotics and control) (1,779 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

running (see Figure I and the pseudocode below). The children are ticked in order of importance, from left to right. In pseudocode, the algorithm for a fallback

In compiler optimization, register allocation is the process of assigning local automatic variables and expression results to a limited number of processor

NP-equivalent (450 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

removal of an earlier element changed the answer from true to false. In pseudocode: function FIND-SUBSET-SUM(set S) if not(SUBSET-SUM(S)) return {} for each

External memory graph traversal (1,558 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

yields the next unvisited node. If P(u) is empty, u is popped from S. Pseudocode for this algorithm is given below. 1 procedure BGVW-depth-first-search(G

In compiler optimization, register allocation is the process of assigning local automatic variables and expression results to a limited number of processor

Valley of the Boom (1,192 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

("hello, world")") Michael Patrick Denis as Thomas Reardon ("Part 2: pseudocode") Jesse James as Barry Moore ("Part 4: priority inversion") Siobhan Williams

Irish logarithm (692 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Irish logarithm was a system of number manipulation invented by Percy Ludgate for machine multiplication. The system used a combination of mechanical

Interchangeability algorithm (912 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In computer science, an interchangeability algorithm is a technique used to more efficiently solve constraint satisfaction problems (CSP). A CSP is a mathematical

Forward algorithm (2,839 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The forward algorithm, in the context of a hidden Markov model (HMM), is used to calculate a 'belief state': the probability of a state at a certain time

Resolution proof reduction via local context rewriting (1,086 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

criteria: number of iterations and a timeout (what is reached first). The pseudocode below shows this. 1 function ReduceAndReconstruct( π {\displaystyle \pi

Operand forwarding (229 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

yet finished. ADD A B C #A=B+C SUB D C A #D=C-A If these two assembly pseudocode instructions run in a pipeline, after fetching and decoding the second

Abstract Document Pattern (670 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

An object-oriented structural design pattern for organizing objects in loosely typed key-value stores and exposing the data using typed views. The purpose

Transformer (deep learning architecture) (13,091 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

requiring no warm-up, leading to faster convergence. The following is the pseudocode for a standard pre-LN encoder-decoder Transformer, adapted from input:

Schönhage–Strassen algorithm (4,580 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The Schönhage–Strassen algorithm is an asymptotically fast multiplication algorithm for large integers, published by Arnold Schönhage and Volker Strassen

LASCNN algorithm (480 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In graph theory, LASCNN is a Localized Algorithm for Segregation of Critical/Non-critical Nodes The algorithm works on the principle of distinguishing

Ticket lock (2,203 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

each executing on one of three processors, are executing the following pseudocode that uses a lock with no consideration for fairness. while (1) { lock

MMH-Badger MAC (3,335 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

\cdots \parallel S^{1}} S = S ⨁ RabbitNextbit(u∙32) return S From the pseudocode above, k denotes the key in the Rabbit Key Setup(K) which initializes

Real-root isolation (4,602 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

onto (0, +∞), for getting two new intervals to be added to the list. In pseudocode, this gives the following, where var(A) denotes the number of sign variations

Best node search (345 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Best node search (BNS), originally known as fuzzified game tree search, is a minimax search algorithm, developed in 2011. The idea is that the knowledge

Slowsort (398 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

change the order of equal-valued keys.) This is an implementation in pseudocode: procedure slowsort(A[], start_idx, end_idx) // Sort array range A[start

Forward–backward algorithm (5,704 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

The forward–backward algorithm is an inference algorithm for hidden Markov models which computes the posterior marginals of all hidden state variables

XOR swap algorithm (2,011 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

corresponds to three machine-code instructions, represented by corresponding pseudocode and assembly instructions in the three rows of the following table: In

Hi/Lo algorithm (1,232 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Hi/Lo is an algorithm and a key generation strategy used for generating unique keys for use in a database as a primary key. It uses a sequence-based hi-lo

Brandes' algorithm (1,696 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

contains the betweenness centrality for v {\displaystyle v} . The following pseudocode illustrates Brandes' algorithm on an unweighted directed graph. algorithm

Non-English-based programming languages (1,546 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

for learning purposes. Vainilla A pseudocode interpreter for Spanish that runs in the browser. [48] PSeInt A pseudocode interpreter for Spanish, like Pascal

Quine–McCluskey algorithm (4,041 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

A'BC'D' + AB'C'D' + AB'C'D + AB'CD' + AB'CD + ABC'D' + ABCD' + ABCD. The pseudocode below recursively computes the prime implicants given the list of minterms

Trie (3,122 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

: 732-733 The following pseudocode implements the search procedure for a given string key in a rooted trie x.: 135 In the above pseudocode, x and key correspond

Scapegoat tree (1,886 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Morin, Pat. "Chapter 8 - Scapegoat Trees". Open Data Structures (in pseudocode) (0.1G β ed.). Retrieved 2017-09-16. Galpern, Igal (September 1996). On

K-means clustering (7,754 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

have been proposed to allow using other distance measures. Pseudocode The below pseudocode outlines the implementation of the standard k-means clustering

Iterative rational Krylov algorithm (1,733 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

{\displaystyle r\times r} matrix A r {\displaystyle A_{r}} . The following is a pseudocode for the IRKA algorithm [Algorithm 4.1]. algorithm IRKA input: A , b ,

Well-separated pair decomposition (1,795 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

i-th dimension of the bounding hyperrectangle of point set X. We give pseudocode for the Split tree computation below. SplitTree(S) Let u be the node for

Boids (1,117 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

highest quality. Also available on YouTube.) Explanation of algorithm in pseudocode JavaScript implementation JavaScript implementation with Phaser Framework

Knowledge graph embedding (5,948 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

predict unseen true facts in the knowledge graph. The following is the pseudocode for the general embedding procedure. algorithm Compute entity and relation

Stack overflow (961 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

class of LOOP computable functions. Consider this example in C++-like pseudocode: A primitive recursive function like the one on the left side can always

JRT Pascal (679 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

was a Pascal interpreter by Jim Russell Tyson that compiled to its own pseudocode separate from UCSD Pascal p-code. In the early 1980s various organizations

Tree sort (644 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

for inputs that are nearly sorted. The following tree sort algorithm in pseudocode accepts a collection of comparable items and outputs the items in ascending

Random permutation (847 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

k-permutations (permutations of k elements chosen from a list) and k-subsets (generating a subset of the elements in the list without replacement) with pseudocode

Structure chart (700 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

passing between two modules. When the module Pay_Bill is executed, the pseudocode checks if the bill is already paid by searching for the payment receipt

Stochastic universal sampling (319 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

fittest members to saturate the candidate space. Described as an algorithm, pseudocode for SUS looks like: SUS(Population, N) F := total fitness of Population

Circular buffer (1,436 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Morin, Pat. "ArrayQueue: An Array-Based Queue". Open Data Structures (in pseudocode). Archived from the original on 31 August 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2015

MuZero (1,228 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

development more than a pure machine-learning development. While only pseudocode was released by the development team, Werner Duvaud produced an open source

Dattorro industry scheme (1,352 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

filter can be implemented in software or hardware. In the following is the pseudocode for a software Dattorro system. function dattorro is input: x, # input

Line drawing algorithm (1,602 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

evaluating this equation via a simple loop, as shown in the following pseudocode: dx = x2 − x1 dy = y2 − y1 m = dy/dx for x from x1 to x2 do y = m × (x

Pony Island (1,242 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

"portals" that appear on the screen, presenting the player with simplified pseudocode along with one or more boxes and visual instruction commands, such as

Choreographic programming (1,546 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

for Client, one for Service, and one for CAS. They are shown below in pseudocode form, where send and recv are primitives for sending and receiving messages

Loop unrolling (3,378 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

optimisations yet yield only a small gain unless n is large. Consider a pseudocode WHILE loop similar to the following: In this case, unrolling is faster

Tricorn (mathematics) (1,306 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

times the original zoom. The "seahorse" can be fully seen now. The below pseudocode implementation hardcodes the complex operations for Z. Consider implementing

Leabra (893 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Brain" published by MIT press. and in the Emergent Documentation The pseudocode for Leabra is given here, showing exactly how the pieces of the algorithm

Boyer–Moore–Horspool algorithm (1,008 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

of characters that can safely be skipped. The preprocessing phase, in pseudocode, is as follows (for an alphabet of 256 symbols, i.e., bytes): // Unlike

Delaunay refinement (1,056 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

no poor-quality triangles exist and all segments are not encroached. Pseudocode function Ruppert(points, segments, threshold) is T := DelaunayTriangulation(points)

Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice (291 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the third edition are written in C++, C#, WPF, GLSL, OpenGL, G3D, or pseudocode. The book has won a Front Line Award (Hall of Fame) in 1998. Foley, James

Trellis quantization (117 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

method. VirtualDub/Xvid guide mentioning Trellis quantization FFMPEGx option documentation Trellis explanation and pseudocode by the x264-author v t e

Temporal logic of actions (548 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

translates to TLA+. It allows users to write algorithms in a familiar pseudocode-like syntax, which are then automatically converted into TLA+ specifications

Hyperbolic geometric graph (1,655 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

of the connectivity decay function of their respective distance. The pseudocode looks as follows: V = { } , E = { } {\displaystyle V=\{\},E=\{\}} for

Parallel algorithms for minimum spanning trees (3,068 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

This algorithm utilises the cut-property of MSTs. A simple high-level pseudocode implementation is provided below: T ← ∅ {\displaystyle T\gets \emptyset

Wrapping (text) (1,929 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

lines but may lead to lines of widely varying lengths. The following pseudocode implements this algorithm: SpaceLeft := LineWidth for each Word in Text

Bitonic sorter (1,353 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

(the very last function in the file). It has been replaced with generic pseudocode syntax, not C-specific, for Wikipedia. A discussion of this algorithm

Critical section (1,610 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Pseudocode for implementing critical section

Parallel single-source shortest path algorithm (2,662 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

{\displaystyle \Delta } . Following is the delta stepping algorithm in pseudocode: 1 foreach v ∈ V {\displaystyle v\in V} do tent ⁡ ( v ) := ∞ {\displaystyle

Stochastic gradient descent (7,016 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

may use an adaptive learning rate so that the algorithm converges. In pseudocode, stochastic gradient descent can be presented as : Choose an initial vector

Pollard's rho algorithm (1,755 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

non-trivial factor of n, or failure. It performs the following steps: Pseudocode for Pollard's rho algorithm x ← 2 // starting value y ← x d ← 1 while

For loop (5,156 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

explicit iteration form. For example, in the for statement in the following pseudocode fragment, when calculating the new value for A(i), except for the first

SYSV checksum (200 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

common changes to text data are not detected by this method. The FreeBSD pseudocode for this algorithm is: s = sum of all bytes; r = s % 2^16 + (s % 2^32)

Savitch's theorem (1,094 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

{\displaystyle u} to t {\displaystyle t} . This algorithm can be expressed in pseudocode (in Python syntax) as follows: def stcon(s, t) -> bool: """Test whether

Lattice reduction (922 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

adding or subtracting an integer multiple of the smaller vector. The pseudocode of the algorithm, often known as Lagrange's algorithm or the Lagrange-Gauss

Longest palindromic substring (2,189 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

inner loop can run up to n / 2 {\displaystyle n/2} times. Below is the pseudocode for Manacher's algorithm. The algorithm is faster than the previous algorithm

Callback (computer programming) (1,856 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

made. A callback can be used to implement polymorphism. In the following pseudocode, say_hi can take either write_status or write_error. def write_status(string

TPK algorithm (1,306 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

obviously not much of a challenge, in any decent computer language. In pseudocode: ask for 11 numbers to be read into a sequence S reverse sequence S for

BogoMips (1,009 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

jmp body .align 16 body: decl eax jns body which can be rewritten to C-pseudocode static void delay_loop(long loops) { long d0 = loops; do { --d0; } while

Stable marriage with indifference (1,008 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

in O ( n 2 ) {\displaystyle O(n^{2})} time if it exists. Below is the pseudocode. assign each person to be free; repeat while (some man m is free) do for

Bees algorithm (1,954 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

search, neighbourhood shrinking, site abandonment, and global search. Pseudocode for the standard bees algorithm 1 for i=1,…,ns i scout[i]=Initialise_scout()

Box blur (791 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

of a few box blurs to fit the gaussian response curve. The following pseudocode implements a 3x3 box blur. Box blur (image) { set newImage to image; For

Dynamic programming (9,283 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

can derive straightforward recursive code for q(i, j). In the following pseudocode, n is the size of the board, c(i, j) is the cost function, and min() returns

Inception score (1,128 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

ln ⁡ I S {\displaystyle \ln IS} is nonnegative by Jensen's inequality. Pseudocode: INPUT discriminator p d i s {\displaystyle p_{dis}} . INPUT generator

Radix sort (2,604 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Algorithm implementation has a page on the topic of: Radix sort Explanation, Pseudocode and implementation in C and Java High Performance Implementation of LSD

Normal (geometry) (2,678 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

MathWorld. An explanation of normal vectors from Microsoft's MSDN Clear pseudocode for calculating a surface normal Archived 2016-08-18 at the Wayback Machine

JPEG XR (3,759 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Research". Microsoft. "Recommendation T.832 (06/2019)". p. 185 Table D.6 – Pseudocode for function FwdColorFmtConvert1(). "JPEG XR Device Porting Kit Specification"

General number field sieve (1,768 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

confusing or unclear to readers. In particular, there are no examples or pseudocode. Please help clarify the section. There might be a discussion about this

Jazelle (1,679 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the ARM Architecture reference Manual available from 2008 have included pseudocode for the "BXJ" (Branch and eXchange to Java) instruction, but with the

Weighted median (1,274 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Rajasekaran, Sanguthevar (1996-12-15). Computer Algorithms C++: C++ and Pseudocode Versions. Macmillan. ISBN 9780716783152. Bovik, Alan C (2010-07-21). Handbook

Multiclass classification (1,476 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

ambiguities, where multiple classes are predicted for a single sample.: 182 In pseudocode, the training algorithm for an OvR learner constructed from a binary classification

Monad (functional programming) (9,322 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

\left(f\left(t\mapsto x\mapsto k\,t\right)\,k\right)} The following code is pseudocode. Suppose we have two functions foo and bar, with types foo : int -> int

Wirth–Weber precedence relationship (1,140 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

described in LL parser. Head+(X) and Tail+(X) are ∅ if X is a terminal. The pseudocode for computing relations is: RelationTable := ∅ For each production A →

Livewire Segmentation Technique (778 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

is the gradient magnitude Live-Wire 2-D DP graph search algorithm in pseudocode algorithm Livewire is input: s {Start (or seed) pixel.} l(q, r) {Local

Bitap algorithm (1,261 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

algorithm for exact string searching, in full generality, looks like this in pseudocode: algorithm bitap_search is input: text as a string. pattern as a string

Quickselect (1,163 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

certain element, and those greater than or equal to the element. Here is pseudocode that performs a partition about the element list[pivotIndex]: function

Monitor (synchronization) (7,843 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

release(m); // Release this monitor's lock. The following is the same pseudocode but with more verbose comments to better explain what is going on: //

Friendship paradox (3,332 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

(u)|}}} The computation of MacroAvg can be expressed as the following pseudocode. Algorithm MacroAvg for each node u ∈ V {\displaystyle u\in V} initialize

M-ary tree (2,761 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

explained trivially in an algorithmic fashion as depicted below: The pseudocode for this enumeration is given below: Procedure NEXT(s1, s2, …, sn−1) if

Nagle's algorithm (1,274 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

currently acceptable window of unacknowledged data, this can be written in pseudocode as[citation needed] if there is new data to send then if the window size

John Mauchly (2,687 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

used on a computer (predated by Zuse's conceptual Plankalkul). It was a pseudocode interpreter for mathematical problems proposed in 1949 and ran on the

Sobel operator (2,564 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

point. Applying convolution K to pixel group P can be represented in pseudocode as: N ( x , y ) = ∑ i = − 1 1 ∑ j = − 1 1 K ( i , j ) P ( x − i , y −

Fibonacci heap (3,785 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

CeCILL-B license) Ruby implementation of the Fibonacci heap (with tests) Pseudocode of the Fibonacci heap algorithm Fibonacci Heaps or "How to invent an extremely

Color model (4,035 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

variants of a more general "GLHS" model. Levkowitz and Herman provide pseudocode for converting from RGB to GLHS and back. MacEvoy, Bruce (January 2010)

Network motif (10,371 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

limitation on motif size, which makes it more amenable to improvements. The pseudocode of FPF (Mavisto) is shown below: The sampling bias of Kashtan et al. provided

Merkle–Damgård construction (1,904 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

end of the last block for inserting the message length value (see SHA-1 pseudocode). Further improvement can be made by inserting the length value in the

Wheel factorization (2,920 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

standards. The specific problem is: The computer implementation algorithm, pseudocode, further performance analysis, and computation complexity are not complete

Proximal policy optimization (2,504 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

for environments with either discrete or continuous action spaces. The pseudocode is as follows: Input: initial policy parameters θ 0 {\textstyle \theta

Branch table (2,066 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

immediately beyond them (saving one entry in the table). The following pseudocode illustrates the concept ... validate x /* transform x to 0 (invalid) or

Randomized weighted majority algorithm (2,401 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

deterministic meta-learning algorithm for aggregating expert predictions. In pseudocode, the WMA is as follows: initialize all experts to weight 1 for each round:

Rolling hash (2,011 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

10X higher throughput than Rabin-based CDC approach. The basic version pseudocode is provided as follows: algorithm FastCDC input: data buffer src, data

Kendall rank correlation coefficient (5,437 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

n_{c}-n_{d}} , involves two nested iterations, as characterized by the following pseudocode: numer := 0 for i := 2..N do for j := 1..(i − 1) do numer := numer + sign(x[i]

Comment programming (715 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

to the reader why they chose to go about the problem in that manner. Pseudocode Example: function onClick() { // This is where we handle mouse click.

Petkovšek's algorithm (1,431 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

c(n)} gives a hypergeometric solution if one exists. In the following pseudocode the degree of a polynomial p ( n ) ∈ K [ n ] {\textstyle p(n)\in \mathbb

LP-type problem (4,687 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

larger set of known basis elements. It may be expressed with the following pseudocode: function seidel(S, f, X) is R := empty set B := X for x in a random permutation

Integrated information theory (4,055 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006807. PMC 6382174. PMID 30730907. "CSC-UW/iit-pseudocode". GitHub. Retrieved 29 January 2016. Massimini, M.; Ferrarelli, F.; Murphy

LP-type problem (4,687 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

larger set of known basis elements. It may be expressed with the following pseudocode: function seidel(S, f, X) is R := empty set B := X for x in a random permutation

Upwards exposed uses (515 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

improving code security during the compilation stages. Consider the following pseudocode: x = 1 y = z if False: x = 0 else: x = y + 2 It is safe to assume that

Gradient boosting (4,245 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

exact solution to the given problem, but rather an approximation. In pseudocode, the generic gradient boosting method is: Input: training set { ( x i

IEEE 802.1aq (11,316 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

transmits an I-SID and the other receives that I-SID.' Rather poor performing pseudocode for this computation looks something like this: for each NODE in network

Bounding volume hierarchy (2,376 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

and only a stack is required to store the nodes to be visited next. The pseudocode provided below is a simple reference for ray tracing application. 1 RayTracing(Ray

Nested sampling algorithm (2,266 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

integration. The original procedure outlined by Skilling (given above in pseudocode) does not specify what specific Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm should

Test-and-set (2,179 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

oldValue; // -- Start of atomic segment -- // This should be interpreted as pseudocode for illustrative purposes only. // Traditional compilation of this code

List of books in computational geometry (1,939 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

computational geometry useful for its solution, with algorithms provided in pseudocode. The book treats mostly 2- and 3-dimensional geometry. The goal of the

Maze-solving algorithm (2,893 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

moving from one location to any 4 neighboring locations. Here is the pseudocode without the capability to detect unreachable locations. Point src, dst;//

Security type system (945 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

used as a demonstration. The simple program is given in the following pseudocode: if y{A} = 1 then x{A,B} := 0 else x{A,B} := 1 Here, an equality check

Matrix chain multiplication (2,665 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

computed. It has the same asymptotic runtime and requires no recursion. Pseudocode: // Matrix A[i] has dimension dims[i-1] x dims[i] for i = 1..n MatrixChainOrder(int

Vector processor (8,675 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

benefits which are compelling even for Embedded use-cases. The vector pseudocode example above comes with a big assumption that the vector computer can

Linear probing (3,605 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

"Section 5.2: LinearHashTable: Linear Probing", Open Data Structures (in pseudocode) (0.1Gβ ed.), pp. 108–116, retrieved 2016-01-15 Sedgewick, Robert; Wayne

CoDel (2,131 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

bufferbloat.net. Dave Täht (April 23, 2022). "The state of fq_codel and sch_cake worldwide". CeroWRT. CoDel pseudocode Fundamental Progress Solving Bufferbloat

Computational complexity of matrix multiplication (4,286 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

arithmetic expressions coming from the definition of matrix multiplication. In pseudocode: input A and B, both n by n matrices initialize C to be an n by n matrix

Knapsack problem (7,770 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

we can use a table to store previous computations. The following is pseudocode for the dynamic program: // Input: // Values (stored in array v) // Weights

Swap test (1,053 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

\infty } , one can get arbitrary precision of this value. Below is the pseudocode for estimating the value of | ⟨ ψ | ϕ ⟩ | 2 {\displaystyle |\langle \psi

Antenna Interface Standards Group (1,156 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

includes: Definitions for the primary requirements Extensive precise pseudocode to ensure uniform implementation by different vendors Much improved document