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Lehmer mean
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mathematics, the Lehmer mean of a tuple x {\displaystyle x} of positive real numbers, named after Derrick Henry Lehmer, is defined as: L p ( x ) = ∑Posynomial (359 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle x_{i}} and coefficients c k {\displaystyle c_{k}} are positive real numbers, and the exponents a i k {\displaystyle a_{ik}} are real numbersCauchy–Schwarz inequality (5,145 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
1 , u 2 , … , u n {\displaystyle u_{1},u_{2},\dots ,u_{n}} and positive real numbers v 1 , v 2 , … , v n {\displaystyle v_{1},v_{2},\dots ,v_{n}} : (Müntz–Szász theorem (332 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
one can take exponents from any strictly increasing sequence of positive real numbers, and the same result holds. Szász showed that for complex numberHurwitz polynomial (465 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
or negative. Such a polynomial must have coefficients that are positive real numbers. The term is sometimes restricted to polynomials whose roots haveSuperincreasing sequence (223 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
In mathematics, a sequence of positive real numbers ( s 1 , s 2 , . . . ) {\displaystyle (s_{1},s_{2},...)} is called superincreasing if every elementSilverman's game (260 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
David Silverman. It is played by two players on a given set S of positive real numbers. Before play starts, a threshold T and penalty ν are chosen withIdentric mean (234 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
The identric mean of two positive real numbers x, y is defined as: I ( x , y ) = 1 e ⋅ lim ( ξ , η ) → ( x , y ) ξ ξ η η ξ − η = lim ( ξ , η ) → ( xExponential function (5,859 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
mathematics". The functions f ( x ) = b x {\displaystyle f(x)=b^{x}} for positive real numbers b {\displaystyle b} are also known as exponential functions, andInterlocking interval topology (229 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
example of a topology on the set S := R+ \ Z+, i.e. the set of all positive real numbers that are not positive whole numbers. To give the set S a topologyGeometric–harmonic mean (453 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
In mathematics, the geometric–harmonic mean M(x, y) of two positive real numbers x and y is defined as follows: we form the geometric mean of g0 = x andTruncation (288 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the number of digits right of the decimal point. Truncation of positive real numbers can be done using the floor function. Given a number x ∈ R + {\displaystyleBanach game (235 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
write down arbitrary (not necessarily in X {\displaystyle X} ) positive real numbers x 0 , x 1 , x 2 , … {\displaystyle x_{0},x_{1},x_{2},\ldots } suchGeneralized mean (3,365 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
x_{1},\dots ,x_{n}} are positive real numbers, then the generalized mean or power mean with exponent p of these positive real numbers is M p ( x 1 , … , xFuglede−Kadison determinant (585 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
homomorphism from the set of invertible operators to the set of positive real numbers. The Fuglede−Kadison determinant of an operator A {\displaystyleNesbitt's inequality (1,620 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Nesbitt's inequality, named after Alfred Nesbitt, states that for positive real numbers a, b and c, a b + c + b a + c + c a + b ≥ 3 2 . {\displaystyle {\fracMertens function (2,378 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
in honour of Franz Mertens. This definition can be extended to positive real numbers as follows: M ( x ) = M ( ⌊ x ⌋ ) . {\displaystyle M(x)=M(\lfloorQM-AM-GM-HM inequalities (781 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
1 , x 2 , … , x n {\displaystyle x_{1},x_{2},\ldots ,x_{n}} are positive real numbers. Then 0 < n 1 x 1 + 1 x 2 + ⋯ + 1 x n ≤ x 1 x 2 ⋯ x n n ≤ x 1 +Hurwitz's theorem (composition algebras) (3,684 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
states that if the quadratic form defines a homomorphism into the positive real numbers on the non-zero part of the algebra, then the algebra must be isomorphicGamma distribution (8,713 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
called a rate parameter. In each of these forms, both parameters are positive real numbers. The distribution has significant applications across various fieldsTitu's lemma (1,086 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
[X]^{2}/\operatorname {E} [Y].} Example 1. Nesbitt's inequality. For positive real numbers a , b , c : {\displaystyle a,b,c:} a b + c + b a + c + c a + b ≥Surjective function (2,182 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
→ R is a surjective and even bijective (mapping from the set of positive real numbers to the set of all real numbers). Its inverse, the exponential functionBeatty sequence (2,174 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
can be generalized to positive real numbers (not necessarily irrational) and negative integers as well: if positive real numbers r {\displaystyle r} andWeyl distance function (1,072 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
function of a metric space, but instead of taking values in the positive real numbers, it takes values in a group of reflections, called the Weyl groupLarge numbers (7,081 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
are typically large positive integers, or more generally, large positive real numbers, but may also be other numbers in other contexts. Googology is theComplex logarithm (4,696 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
real exponential function and hence satisfies eln x = x for all positive real numbers x. Complex logarithm functions can be constructed by explicit formulasUniform continuity (4,148 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle f} is said to be continuous if there is a function of all positive real numbers ε {\displaystyle \varepsilon } and x ∈ X {\displaystyle x\in X}Optimal experimental design (4,402 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
real values (like the determinant or matrix trace). Working with positive real-numbers brings several advantages: If the estimator of a single parameterGamma function (13,410 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
^{2}}{2}}+2\zeta (3)\right)z^{2}+O(z^{3}).} When restricted to the positive real numbers, the gamma function is a strictly logarithmically convex functionSolving quadratic equations with continued fractions (1,765 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{ωn} clearly tends toward zero, by well-known properties of the positive real numbers. This fact can be used to prove, rigorously, that the convergentsList of dualities (483 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
original on 2019-08-10. Retrieved 2019-08-09. The parallel sum of two positive real numbers x:y = [(1/x) + (1/y)]−1 arises in electrical circuit theory as theInterval exchange transformation (1,032 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle \lambda =(\lambda _{1},\dots ,\lambda _{n})} of positive real numbers (the widths of the subintervals), satisfying ∑ i = 1 n λ i = 1.Imaginary number (1,334 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
square roots of negative numbers. For example, if x and y are both positive real numbers, the following chain of equalities appears reasonable at first glance:Generalized gamma distribution (1,208 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Then, given c {\displaystyle c} and α {\displaystyle \alpha } two positive real numbers, if f ∼ G G ( a , d , p ) {\displaystyle f\sim GG(a,d,p)} , thenStolarsky mean (552 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
mean. It was introduced by Kenneth B. Stolarsky in 1975. For two positive real numbers x, y the Stolarsky Mean is defined as: S p ( x , y ) = lim ( ξBorwein integral (2,724 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
integrals have value π/2 whenever the numbers 3, 5, 7… are replaced by positive real numbers such that the sum of their reciprocals is less than 1. In the exampleReal-valued function (993 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
measured in grams is a function from this collection of weight to positive real numbers. The term "weight function", an allusion to this example, is usedAbel's test (1,045 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
convergence. Specifically, Abel's test states that if a sequence of positive real numbers ( a n ) {\displaystyle (a_{n})} is decreasing monotonically (orInequality (mathematics) (3,582 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
inequality to a power n > 0 (equiv., −n < 0), when a and b are positive real numbers: 0 ≤ a ≤ b ⇔ 0 ≤ an ≤ bn. 0 ≤ a ≤ b ⇔ a−n ≥ b−n ≥ 0. Taking theFisher information (7,562 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
real values (like the determinant or matrix trace). Working with positive real numbers brings several advantages: If the estimator of a single parameterLogarithmically convex function (988 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
function is strictly logarithmically convex when restricted to the positive real numbers. In fact, by the Bohr–Mollerup theorem, this property can be usedPrincipal value (901 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
sometimes a branch cut is used; in this case removing the non-positive real numbers from the domain of the function and eliminating π {\displaystyleParatingent cone (407 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
n ) n ∈ N {\displaystyle (\lambda _{n})_{n\in \mathbb {N} }} of positive real numbers λ n > 0 {\displaystyle \lambda _{n}>0} such that x ¯ = lim n → ∞Exponentiation (13,632 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
problems with the extension of these definitions to bases that are not positive real numbers. For example, a negative real number has a real nth root, whichMultiplication (6,254 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
particular, with multiplication. This means that, if a and b are positive real numbers such that a = sup x ∈ A x {\displaystyle a=\sup _{x\in A}x} andMetrizable topological vector space (10,643 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle X} and r > 0 {\displaystyle r>0} ranges over the positive real numbers, forms a basis for a topology on X {\displaystyle X} that is calledFenchel–Nielsen coordinates (304 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
coordinates for a point of the Teichmüller space of S consist of 3g − 3 positive real numbers called the lengths and 3g − 3 real numbers called the twists. AAM–GM inequality (7,827 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{x}{y}}+{\sqrt {\frac {y}{z}}}+{\sqrt[{3}]{\frac {z}{x}}}} for all positive real numbers x, y and z. Suppose we wish to find the minimal value of this functionGeometric topology (object) (305 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
\{M_{i}\}} in H converges to M in H if there are a sequence of positive real numbers ϵ i {\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}} converging to 0, and a sequenceLarge set (combinatorics) (673 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
norm topology of continuous functions on a closed interval in the positive real numbers. This is a generalization of the Stone–Weierstrass theorem. PaulMultivalued function (1,299 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle f(z)={\sqrt {z}}\,} be the usual square root function on positive real numbers. One may extend its domain to a neighbourhood of z = 1 {\displaystyleLogarithmic integral function (1,104 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
logarithmic integral has an integral representation defined for all positive real numbers x ≠ 1 by the definite integral li ( x ) = ∫ 0 x d t ln t . {\displaystyleNumber (7,755 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {b}}={\sqrt {ab}},} which is valid for positive real numbers a and b, and was also used in complex number calculations with oneFactorial (8,400 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
used of these uses the gamma function, which can be defined for positive real numbers as the integral Γ ( z ) = ∫ 0 ∞ x z − 1 e − x d x . {\displaystyleStolz–Cesàro theorem (4,269 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\infty }x_{n}.} Let ( x n ) {\displaystyle (x_{n})} be a sequence of positive real numbers converging to l {\displaystyle l} and define a n := log ( x 1Butterfly theorem (660 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
(PM)^{2}}={(MY)^{2}\cdot (PM)^{2}},} hence MX = MY, since MX, MY, and PM are all positive, real numbers. Thus, M is the midpoint of XY. Other proofs exist, including oneContinuous functional calculus (4,323 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
c=f_{n}(c^{n})=f_{n}(b^{n})=b} holds, as the root function on the positive real numbers is an inverse function to the function z ↦ z n {\displaystyle z\mapstoEquivariant map (1,433 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
multiplicative group action of the scaling transformations on the positive real numbers. Another class of simple examples comes from statistical estimationBounded set (topological vector space) (3,426 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
1 , r 2 , r 3 , … {\displaystyle r_{1},r_{2},r_{3},\ldots } of positive real numbers such that B i ⊆ r i B {\displaystyle B_{i}\subseteq r_{i}B} forBombieri–Vinogradov theorem (533 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Gallagher. Let x {\displaystyle x} and Q {\displaystyle Q} be any two positive real numbers with x 1 / 2 log − A x ≤ Q ≤ x 1 / 2 . {\displaystyle x^{1/2}\logColossally abundant number (1,635 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
abundant numbers is given by the following monotonic mapping from the positive real numbers. Let e p ( ε ) = ⌊ ln ( 1 + p − 1 p 1 + ε − p ) ln p ⌋ {\displaystyleMultiplicative character (323 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
multiplicative characters. Consider the multiplicative group of positive real numbers (R+,·). Then functions fu : (R+,·) → C such that fu(a) = au, whereMaximum and minimum (2,084 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
x = e. (See figure at right) x−x Unique global maximum over the positive real numbers at x = 1/e. x3/3 − x First derivative x2 − 1 and second derivativeLocally convex topological vector space (10,638 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}} and r {\displaystyle r} ranges over the positive real numbers is a subbasis at the origin for the topology induced by P {\displaystyleSuperior highly composite number (982 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
composite numbers is given by the following monotonic mapping from the positive real numbers. Let e p ( x ) = ⌊ 1 p x − 1 ⌋ {\displaystyle e_{p}(x)=\left\lfloorSeminorm (6,139 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
x\in X.} Suppose a {\displaystyle a} and b {\displaystyle b} are positive real numbers and q , p 1 , … , p n {\displaystyle q,p_{1},\ldots ,p_{n}} areList of probability distributions (2,609 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
poisson-gamma or Tweedie distribution is continuous over the strictly positive real numbers, with a mass at zero. For any set of independent random variablesVon Mises distribution (2,462 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
distribution resembles a normal distribution. More specifically, for large positive real numbers κ {\displaystyle \kappa } , f ( x ∣ μ , κ ) ≈ 1 σ 2 π exp [ −Nilsemigroup (427 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
n = [ a , n ] {\displaystyle I_{n}=[a,n]} a bounded interval of positive real numbers. For x, y belonging to I, define x ⋆ n y {\displaystyle x\star _{n}y}Trace class (3,128 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\left(y_{i}\right)_{i=1}^{\infty }} in H {\displaystyle H} and positive real numbers ( λ i ) i = 1 ∞ {\displaystyle \left(\lambda _{i}\right)_{i=1}^{\inftyNeighbourhood system (1,686 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
numbers and r 1 , … , r n {\displaystyle r_{1},\dots ,r_{n}} are positive real numbers. Seminormed spaces and topological groups In a seminormed spaceBig O notation (8,286 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Let both functions be defined on some unbounded subset of the positive real numbers, and g ( x ) {\displaystyle g(x)} be strictly positive for all largeFermat's spiral (1,788 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
points of branches of the curve as the parameter φ ranges over the positive real numbers. For any (x, y) generated in this way, dividing x by y cancels theSet-builder notation (2,416 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle \{x\in \mathbb {R} \mid x>0\}} is the set of all strictly positive real numbers, which can be written in interval notation as ( 0 , ∞ ) {\displaystyleRay class field (773 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
given by: The nonzero complex numbers for a complex place p The positive real numbers for a real place p in S, and all nonzero real numbers for p notBijection (2,510 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
onto (surjective). However, if the codomain is restricted to the positive real numbers R + ≡ ( 0 , ∞ ) {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{+}\equiv \left(0,\inftyEquation xy = yx (2,267 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
number fields. Main source: An infinite set of trivial solutions in positive real numbers is given by x = y . {\displaystyle x=y.} Nontrivial solutions canMuirhead's inequality (1,376 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle a=(a_{1},\dots ,a_{n})} define the "a-mean" [a] of positive real numbers x1, ..., xn by [ a ] = 1 n ! ∑ σ x σ 1 a 1 ⋯ x σ n a n , {\displaystyleLog sum inequality (830 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and b 1 , b 2 ⋯ b n {\displaystyle b_{1},b_{2}\cdots b_{n}} are positive real numbers with a 1 + a 2 ⋯ + a n = a {\displaystyle a_{1}+a_{2}\cdots +a_{n}=a}Image (mathematics) (2,429 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
{\displaystyle f} is R + {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{+}} (the set of all positive real numbers and zero). The preimage of { 4 , 9 } {\displaystyle \{4,9\}} underPompeiu derivative (754 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{ a j } j ∈ N {\displaystyle \{a_{j}\}_{j\in \mathbb {N} }} be positive real numbers with ∑ j a j < ∞ {\displaystyle \sum _{j}a_{j}<\infty } . DefineLarge deviations theory (2,558 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{X}}} , let { a N } {\displaystyle \{a_{N}\}} be a sequence of positive real numbers such that lim N a N = ∞ {\displaystyle \lim _{N}a_{N}=\infty }Cardinal number (3,808 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
spaces, though they lack some of the properties that logarithms of positive real numbers possess. The continuum hypothesis (CH) states that there are noDickson's lemma (1,166 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
product is at least K {\displaystyle K} . When defined over the positive real numbers, S {\displaystyle S} has infinitely many minimal elements of theSchur's inequality (626 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
generalization of Schur's inequality is the following: Suppose a,b,c are positive real numbers. If the triples (a,b,c) and (x,y,z) are similarly sorted, then theInfinite product (1,460 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
_{n=1}^{\infty }\left({\frac {4n^{2}}{4n^{2}-1}}\right).} The product of positive real numbers ∏ n = 1 ∞ a n {\displaystyle \prod _{n=1}^{\infty }a_{n}} convergesQuasi-analytic function (1,577 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
∞ {\displaystyle M=\{M_{k}\}_{k=0}^{\infty }} be a sequence of positive real numbers. Then the Denjoy-Carleman class of functions CM([a,b]) is definedRevealed preference (2,135 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle pX+qY\leq m} and graphically by a budget line in the positive real numbers. Assuming strongly monotonic preferences, only bundles that areCircles of Apollonius (2,411 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
two points are sometimes called the foci. Let d1, d2 be non-equal positive real numbers. Let C be the internal division point of AB in the ratio d1 : d2Convex conjugate (2,019 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
is strictly larger as the Legendre transform is only defined for positive real numbers. See this article for example. Let F denote a cumulative distributionSmale's problems (786 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
in the n-body problem of celestial mechanics, for any choice of positive real numbers m1, ..., mn as the masses? Partially resolved. Proved for almostNorm (mathematics) (5,671 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
induce the same topology, which happens if and only if there exist positive real numbers C {\displaystyle C} and D {\displaystyle D} such that for all xLindelöf hypothesis (2,001 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(1/2+it)|^{2k}\,dt=O(T^{\varepsilon })} for all positive integers k and all positive real numbers ε. This has been proved for k = 1 or 2, but the case k = 3 seemsADE classification (2,628 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
graphs that admit a positive labeling (labeling of the nodes by positive real numbers) with the following property: Twice any label is the sum of theDirected acyclic graph (5,628 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
numbers count the (0,1) matrices for which all eigenvalues are positive real numbers. The proof is bijective: a matrix A is an adjacency matrix of aSuperquadrics (1,350 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\left|x\right|^{r}+\left|y\right|^{s}+\left|z\right|^{t}=1} where r, s, and t are positive real numbers that determine the main features of the superquadric. Namely: lessSquare root (6,179 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
root function is holomorphic everywhere except on the set of non-positive real numbers (on strictly negative reals it is not even continuous). The aboveDoyle spiral (2,261 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
highly structured. For any such packing, there must exist three positive real numbers a {\displaystyle a} , b {\displaystyle b} , and c = b a {\displaystyleConvergence problem (1,599 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
elements of an infinite continued fraction consist entirely of positive real numbers, the determinant formula can easily be applied to demonstrate whenIndeterminate form (2,583 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
asymptotically positive. (the domain of logarithms is the set of all positive real numbers.) Although L'Hôpital's rule applies to both 0 / 0 {\displaystyleHomomorphism (4,196 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
For example, the real numbers form a group for addition, and the positive real numbers form a group for multiplication. The exponential function x ↦ eArc length (5,176 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
non-decreasing function δ ( ε ) {\displaystyle \delta (\varepsilon )} of positive real numbers ε {\displaystyle \varepsilon } such that Δ t < δ ( ε ) {\displaystyleHenry's law (4,864 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle H_{\rm {v}}^{px}=1/H_{\rm {s}}^{xp}} and that, both being positive real numbers, ln H s x p = − ln ( 1 / H s x p ) = − ln H v p x {\displaystyleSpectral shape analysis (1,473 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle \lambda _{i}} , representing a diverging sequence of positive real numbers. The first eigenvalue is zero for closed domains or when using theSeparable state (2,485 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
|v_{k}\rangle ),} where p k > 0 {\displaystyle {\sqrt {p_{k}}}>0} are positive real numbers, r ψ {\displaystyle r_{\psi }} is the Schmidt rank of | ψ ⟩ {\displaystyleUtility maximization problem (2,259 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
set = R + n . {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} _{+}^{n}\ .} (a set of positive real numbers, the consumer cannot preference negative amount of commodities)Harmonic mean (5,961 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{1}{4}}+{\frac {1}{4}}}}={\frac {3}{1.5}}=2\,.} The harmonic mean H of the positive real numbers x 1 , x 2 , … , x n {\displaystyle x_{1},x_{2},\ldots ,x_{n}} isPostBQP (3,635 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
)/{\sqrt {2}}} . Where α , β {\displaystyle \alpha ,\beta } are positive real numbers to be chosen later with α 2 + β 2 = 1 {\displaystyle \alpha ^{2}+\betaLanglands–Deligne local constant (720 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
These different conventions differ by elementary terms that are positive real numbers. Kramer, K.; Tunnell, J. (1982). "Elliptic curves and local ϵ-factors"Curie–Weiss law (2,082 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
_{i}(x_{i}^{2}+y_{i}^{2}),} where α , β {\displaystyle \alpha ,\beta } are positive real numbers which are independent of which atom we are looking at but dependEuler's totient function (6,473 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(n+1)}{\varphi (n)}},\;\;n=1,2,\ldots \right\}} is dense in the positive real numbers. They also proved that the set { φ ( n ) n , n = 1 , 2 , … } {\displaystyleHahn–Banach theorem (12,643 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle f:S\to \mathbb {R} } be any map. If there exist positive real numbers a {\displaystyle a} and b {\displaystyle b} such that 0 ≥ inf sGeometry (9,874 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
numbers, to infinite dimension (Hilbert spaces, for example) and positive real numbers (in fractal geometry). In algebraic geometry, the dimension of anConvex function (5,807 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
) ≥ f ( a ) + f ( b ) {\displaystyle f(a+b)\geq f(a)+f(b)} for positive real numbers a {\displaystyle a} and b {\displaystyle b} . Proof Since f {\displaystylePolygamma function (2,326 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
generalized from the domain N {\displaystyle \mathbb {N} } uniquely to positive real numbers only due to their recurrence relation and one given function-valueVariance (10,008 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\sigma _{Y}(n-1)^{1/2}.} It has been shown that for a sample {yi} of positive real numbers, σ y 2 ≤ 2 y max ( A − H ) , {\displaystyle \sigma _{y}^{2}\leqBornological space (3,805 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
convergent to 0 {\displaystyle 0} if there exists a sequence of positive real numbers r ∙ = ( r i ) i = 1 ∞ {\displaystyle r_{\bullet }=(r_{i})_{i=1}^{\inftyBanach space (17,214 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
r 2 , … {\displaystyle r_{1},r_{2},\ldots } is a sequence in of positive real numbers that converges to 0 {\displaystyle 0} in R {\displaystyle \mathbbLocation testing for Gaussian scale mixture distributions (643 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
center)? Answer this question for all positive integers n and all positive real numbers r. (Certain special cases can be easy to compute.) Andrews, D. andDirac comb (3,388 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\delta (t)={\frac {1}{a}}\ \delta \!\left({\frac {t}{a}}\right)} for positive real numbers a {\displaystyle a} , it follows that: Ш T ( t ) = 1 T Ш ( tLorentz space (2,082 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
w=(w_{n})_{n=1}^{\infty }\in c_{0}\setminus \ell _{1}} be a sequence of positive real numbers satisfying 1 = w 1 ≥ w 2 ≥ w 3 ≥ ⋯ {\displaystyle 1=w_{1}\geq w_{2}\geqPythagorean theorem (12,566 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the angle between sides a and b is a right angle. For any three positive real numbers a, b, and c such that a2 + b2 = c2, there exists a triangle withUniform convergence (5,073 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\mathbb {C} } and let M n {\displaystyle M_{n}} be a sequence of positive real numbers such that | f n ( x ) | ≤ M n {\displaystyle |f_{n}(x)|\leq M_{n}}Parallel (operator) (6,585 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
y. If a {\displaystyle a} and b {\displaystyle b} are distinct positive real numbers then 1 2 min ( a , b ) < | a ∥ b | < min ( a , b ) . {\displaystyleSublinear function (4,213 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle x\in X} is a vector and a , c > 0 {\displaystyle a,c>0} are positive real numbers such that p ( x ) + a c < inf k ∈ K p ( x + a k ) {\displaystylePtolemy's theorem (4,911 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
this arg {\displaystyle \arg } is 0 (i.e. all three products are positive real numbers), and by which Ptolemy's theorem A B ¯ ⋅ C D ¯ + A D ¯ ⋅ B C ¯ =Complex number (11,600 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle \mathbb {C} } contains a subset P (namely the set of positive real numbers) of nonzero elements satisfying the following three conditions:Gautschi's inequality (1,370 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
However, there are extensions to other situations. If x and y are positive real numbers, then the convexity of ψ {\displaystyle \psi } leads to the inequality:Lorentz invariance in loop quantum gravity (1,250 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
foam faces (and hence the spin network edges) were labelled by positive real numbers as opposed to the half-integer labels of SU(2) spin networks. TheseY-Δ transform (3,327 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
impedance is a quantity measured in ohms which represents resistance as positive real numbers in the usual manner, and also represents reactance as positive andOvertaking criterion (1,071 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
X} is the set of possible outcomes. E.g., it may be the set of positive real numbers, representing the possible annual gross domestic product. It isBinary logarithm (4,788 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
two function, which is a strictly increasing function over the positive real numbers and therefore has a unique inverse. Alternatively, it may be definedCollatz conjecture (7,075 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Marc Chamberland. He showed that the conjecture does not hold for positive real numbers since there are infinitely many fixed points, as well as orbitsReal coordinate space (4,248 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and ‖ ⋅ ‖ ′ {\displaystyle \|\cdot \|'} on Rn you can always find positive real numbers α , β > 0 {\displaystyle \alpha ,\beta >0} , such that α ⋅ ‖ x ‖Tweedie distribution (6,605 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle {\widehat {p\,}}^{k}} not exceeding x, x runs over the positive real numbers, and Λ ( n ) {\displaystyle \Lambda (n)} is the von Mangoldt functionRiemann zeta function (10,287 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
distance between the zeros of ζ (1/2 + it) on intervals of large positive real numbers. In the following, N(T) is the total number of real zeros and N0(T)Intuitionistic logic (7,643 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
be shown to be invalid by using a specific value of the set of positive real numbers for A: Value [ A ∨ ¬ A ] = Value [ A ] ∪ Value [ ¬ A ] = Value [J-invariant (5,816 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
with the usual definition of the arithmetic–geometric mean for positive real numbers. See The Arithmetic-Geometric Mean of Gauss by David A. Cox. MilneAnalytic continuation (6,793 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
higher order derivatives of F are smooth functions of x on the positive real numbers; (T-2). We require that the function F is rapidly decreasing inCompact operator on Hilbert space (4,834 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle \sigma (T_{0})} is a discrete, countable subset of positive real numbers, and all the eigenspaces are finite-dimensional. Since F {\displaystyleAuxiliary normed space (5,168 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle rU,} where r > 0 {\displaystyle r>0} ranges over the positive real numbers, induces a topological vector space topology on X . {\displaystyleFractional calculus (7,146 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
cumulative distribution function of a probability measure on the positive real numbers. The distribution is therefore defined, and any of its multiplesHypergraph regularity method (3,386 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
)-regularity]. Suppose δ j , d j {\displaystyle \delta _{j},d_{j}} are positive real numbers and r ≥ 1 {\displaystyle r\geq 1} is an integer. G ( j ) {\displaystyleCarl Friedrich Gauss (19,719 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
discoveries was the notion of the arithmetic-geometric mean (AGM) of two positive real numbers. Systematic investigations on the AGM led him to discover an unusuallyMixture model (7,792 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
characterized by a fixed rate of occurrence Log-normal distribution, for positive real numbers that are assumed to grow exponentially, such as incomes or pricesArithmetic (16,445 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
positive number as its base. The same is true for the logarithm of positive real numbers as long as the logarithm base is positive and not 1. IrrationalGlossary of arithmetic and diophantine geometry (4,736 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
is a formal product of a fractional ideal of K and a vector of positive real numbers with components indexed by the infinite places of K. A replete divisorInverse hyperbolic functions (4,195 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
when the arguments of the logarithm and the square root are non-positive real numbers. The principal value of the square root is thus defined outsideBorel summation (3,511 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
({\boldsymbol {wB}})} . Suppose that the Borel transform converges for all positive real numbers to a function growing sufficiently slowly that the following integralSuperellipsoid (2,307 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle \epsilon _{1}} and ϵ 2 {\displaystyle \epsilon _{2}} are positive real numbers that control the squareness of the shape. The surface of the superellipsoidRight group (1,611 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
)=(AB,\beta )} This right group is the direct product of a group (positive real numbers under multiplication) and a right zero semigroup induced by theMellin transform (4,596 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the convolution algebra of the locally compact abelian group of positive real numbers with multiplication. The Mellin transform of the function f ( xSurreal number (11,406 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
number ωx = { 0, r ωxL | s ωxR }, where r and s range over the positive real numbers. If x < y then ωy is "infinitely greater" than ωx, in that it isHardy's inequality (2,217 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
p>1} and let b 1 , … , b n {\displaystyle b_{1},\dots ,b_{n}} be positive real numbers. Set S k = ∑ i = 1 k b i {\displaystyle S_{k}=\sum _{i=1}^{k}b_{i}}Cauchy's limit theorem (785 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(a_{n})} with a n → a {\displaystyle a_{n}\to a} and a sequence of positive real numbers ( p n ) {\displaystyle (p_{n})} with 1 p 1 + ⋯ + p n → 0 {\displaystyleK-transform (1,120 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle f} be a function of compact support that maps into the positive real numbers f : Ω → R 0 + . {\displaystyle f:\Omega \rightarrow \mathbb {R}Orbifold (10,240 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(pitch) of their fundamental, and thus are parametrized by the positive real numbers, R+. Musical tones that differ by an octave (a doubling of frequency)List of formulae involving π (7,443 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle a} , b {\displaystyle b} , c {\displaystyle c} are positive real numbers (see List of trigonometric identities). A special case is π = arctanGraphon (5,459 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\varepsilon } =(\varepsilon _{0},\varepsilon _{1},\dots )} of positive real numbers, there is a positive integer S {\displaystyle S} such that for everyDistribution (mathematics) (21,600 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
r_{\bullet }=\left(r_{i}\right)_{i=1}^{\infty }\to \infty } of positive real numbers such that the sequence ( r i f i ) i = 1 ∞ {\displaystylePerron–Frobenius theorem (8,235 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and non-negative respectively describe matrices with exclusively positive real numbers as elements and matrices with exclusively non-negative real numbersGlossary of engineering: A–L (31,767 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
power, always producing a positive result, so logb(x) for any two positive real numbers b and x, where b is not equal to 1, is always a unique real number yList of logarithmic identities (7,701 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle b} , x {\displaystyle x} , and y {\displaystyle y} are positive real numbers and b ≠ 1 {\displaystyle b\neq 1} , and c {\displaystyle c} andVolume of an n-ball (5,444 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
integral. The volume formula can be generalized even further. For positive real numbers p1, …, pn, define the (p1, …, pn) ball with limit L ≥ 0 to be BVienna Development Method (5,128 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
example, a square root calculating function that works only on positive real numbers might be specified as follows: SQRTP(x:real)r:real pre x >=0 postFunction of several complex variables (17,591 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\partial {z_{n}}^{k_{n}}}}} It is possible to define a combination of positive real numbers { r ν ( ν = 1 , … , n ) } {\displaystyle \{r_{\nu }\ (\nu =1,\dotsMinkowski functional (7,022 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
)x\subseteq (0,1)K} if and only if there exists a divergent sequence of positive real numbers t 1 , t 2 , t 3 , ⋯ → ∞ {\displaystyle t_{1},t_{2},t_{3},\cdotsDual system (12,267 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle m_{\bullet }=\left(m_{i}\right)_{i=1}^{\infty }} of positive real numbers such that | t i | ≤ m i {\displaystyle \left|t_{i}\right|\leq m_{i}}Constant function market maker (2,873 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
arguments ( R + + {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} _{++}} denotes the set of positive real numbers). For instance, the trading function of the constant product marketCantor's first set theory article (7,536 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
whether the collection of positive integers and the collection of positive real numbers "can be corresponded so that each individual of one collection correspondsReal-root isolation (4,596 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
a 2 , … , {\displaystyle a_{1},a_{2},\ldots ,} is a sequence of positive real numbers, let c k = a 1 + 1 a 2 + 1 a 3 + 1 ⋱ + 1 a k {\displaystyle c_{k}=a_{1}+{\cfracAllan variance (9,318 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
stability. Given a time-series x ( t ) {\displaystyle x(t)} , for any positive real numbers T , τ {\displaystyle T,\tau } , define the real number sequenceSpline wavelet (7,879 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
following property, known as the Riesz property: There exists two positive real numbers A {\displaystyle A} and B {\displaystyle B} such that for any squareVincent's theorem (8,097 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
possible to determine a positive quantity δ so that for every pair of positive real numbers a, b with | b − a | < δ {\displaystyle |b-a|<\delta } , every transformed