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searching for A-normal form 104 found (112 total)

alternate case: a-normal form

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canonical form specifies a unique representation for every object, while a normal form simply specifies its form, without the requirement of uniqueness. The

for each player. In static games of complete, perfect information, a normal-form representation of a game is a specification of players' strategy spaces

Signed English, Signed Afrikaans, Signed Xhosa, etc., which are not a normal form of communication for anyone. This results in the common misconception

Canonical XML is a normal form of XML, intended to allow relatively simple comparison of pairs of XML documents for equivalence; for this purpose, the

geometry, a field in mathematics, Darboux's theorem is a theorem providing a normal form for special classes of differential 1-forms, partially generalizing

equilibrium. A normal-form trembling hand perfect equilibrium of an extensive form game may be sequential but is not necessarily so. In fact, a normal-form trembling

neurotransmitters is used by some cells, such as amacrine cells in the retina, as a normal form of neurotransmitter release. Postsynaptic density Voltage- gated Ca++

Sixth normal form (6NF) is a normal form used in relational database normalization which extends the relational algebra and generalizes relational operators

with significantly smaller probability than less costly ones. Given a normal form game and a parameter ϵ > 0 {\displaystyle \epsilon >0} , a totally mixed

Second normal form (2NF), in database normalization, is a normal form. A relation is in the second normal form if it fulfills the following two requirements:

sum of products, or — in philosophical logic — a cluster concept. As a normal form, it is useful in automated theorem proving. A logical formula is considered

Fourth normal form (4NF) is a normal form used in database normalization. Introduced by Ronald Fagin in 1977, 4NF is the next level of normalization after

are a normal form for the dihedral group Dihn with S = {s,  r}  and 1 as above. The set of words of the form xmyn for m,n ∈ Z are a normal form for the

put expressions in some canonical form or to put their difference in a normal form, and to test the syntactic equality of the result. In computer algebra

Boyce–Codd normal form (BCNF or 3.5NF) is a normal form used in database normalization. It is a slightly stricter version of the third normal form (3NF)

particular sequence of rewrites starting from a that eventually yields a normal form. A rewriting system has the weak normalization property or is (weakly)

predicate that can discriminate between terms that have a normal form and terms that do not have a normal form. It also follows that there is no complete predicate

term Ω =(λx.x x)(λx.x x) does not have a normal form, and similarly the term X=λx.xΩ does not have a normal form. But the application Ω (K I), where K

Domain-key normal form (DK/NF or DKNF) is a normal form used in database normalization which requires that the database contains no constraints other

x\rightarrow y} ; otherwise it is called irreducible or a normal form. An object y is called a normal form of x if x → ∗ y {\displaystyle x{\stackrel {*}{\rightarrow

An inference of natural deduction is a normal form, according to Dag Prawitz, if no formula occurrence is both the principal premise of an elimination

x\rightarrow y} ; otherwise it is called irreducible or a normal form. An object y is called a "normal form of x" if x → ∗ y {\displaystyle x{\stackrel {*}{\rightarrow

binary encoding form of a subset of general S-expression Canonical XML, a normal form of XML, intended to allow relatively simple comparison of pairs of XML

each player has m {\displaystyle m} possible strategies, the size of a normal form representation would be O ( m n ) {\displaystyle O(m^{n})} . The size

In mathematics, the Smith normal form (sometimes abbreviated SNF) is a normal form that can be defined for any matrix (not necessarily square) with entries

an algebraic structure, for which each element can be represented in a "normal form" that can be computed by a finite transducer: multiplication in such

American mathematician. He is well known for the Blake canonical form, a normal form for expressions in propositional logic. In order to compute the canonical

the role of a half-devil, known as a Devilian, which has two forms, a normal form and a devil form, which level up individually. The game was released

He proposed a developmental line with one end of the continuum being a normal form of idealization and the other end a pathological form. In the latter

In mathematics, particularly in combinatorial group theory, a normal form for a free group over a set of generators or for a free product of groups is

(context-free grammars) Hopcroft and Ullman 1979 (p.229, exercise 9.2) call it a normal form for right-linear grammars. Hopcroft and Ullman 1979, p.218-219, Theorem

characteristic polynomial). Note that this Smith normal form is not a normal form of A itself; moreover it is not similar to XIn − A either, but obtained

cooperation, and topics like altruism in evolutionary game theory. Consider a normal-form game G = ⟨ N , S i , u i ⟩ {\displaystyle G=\langle N,S_{i},u_{i}\rangle

rewriting systems, meaning that these strategies will eventually reach a normal form if it exists, even when performing (finitely many) arbitrary reductions

{\displaystyle \varepsilon _{i}=\pm 1} and k ≥ 0 is an integer. By a normal form we mean a particularly simple representative of any given orbit. The

allows more powerful results, for example on Grushko's theorem, and a normal form for the fundamental groupoid of a graph of groups. In this approach

Addison-Wesley. p. 290. Darwen, Hugh; Date, C. J.; Fagin, Ronald (2012). "A Normal Form for Preventing Redundant Tuples in Relational Databases" (PDF). Proceedings

inhabitants from normal weather, including rain, summer heat and winter cold. A normal form of rainproofing is to place plastic film on the bunker's main structure

In mathematics, a Janet basis is a normal form for systems of linear homogeneous partial differential equations (PDEs) that removes the inherent arbitrariness

may fail to find the beta-normal form of an expression, even if such a normal form exists. For example, the term ( λ x . y ( λ z . ( z z ) λ z . ( z z

manifold. In example applications, a nonlinear coordinate transform to a normal form can clearly separate these three manifolds. In the case when the unstable

in 1964 that BNF should be read as Backus–Naur form, as it is "not a normal form in the conventional sense," unlike Chomsky normal form. In 1967, Peter

property (every proof term reduces in a finite number of steps into a normal form). Deduction theorem Gentzen's consistency proof for Peano's axioms Gentzen

Bibcode:1962JMP.....3.1055Z. doi:10.1063/1.1724294. Youla, D. C. (1961). "A normal form for a matrix under the unitary congruence group". Can. J. Math. 13:

logics, every derivation has an equivalent normal derivation, called a normal form. The existence of normal forms is generally hard to prove using natural

motivation for the construction. A key property of HNN-extensions is a normal form theorem known as Britton's Lemma. Let G ∗ α {\displaystyle G*_{\alpha

form in zero or more reductions, and t↑ means t does not reduce to a normal form; the latter is impossible in a terminating rewriting system. In the

unusual distinction, the majority argued that reverse payments are not a normal form of settlement in patent suits, and thus cannot be scrutinized solely

{\displaystyle r>0} there are no equilibrium points. In fact, this is a normal form of a saddle-node bifurcation. A scalar differential equation d x d t

human once more, and spent time thereafter as the X-Man returned to a normal form, including taking Logan with her on a visit to her ancestral home. Seeking

advantage by severing Hyde's left arm at the biceps, which regresses to a normal form after landing on the floor. Hyde rallies and assaults Van Helsing, using

{\displaystyle D} , any nondegenerate such theta can be transformed to a normal form in which this really is just the Heisenberg algebra but the difference

F. Database Debunkings. Darwen, H.; Date, C. J.; Fagin, R. (2012). "A normal form for preventing redundant tuples in relational databases". Proceedings

1974, known as Boyce–Codd normal form. The third normal form (3NF) is a normal form used in database normalization. 3NF was originally defined by E. F.

problem for lambda calculus (i.e., whether a given lambda-expression has a normal form) is not effectively calculable. 1936 (1936): Church publishes the first

modal levels (SNFml) and Mints normal form, is a normal form for modal logic formulae. Such a normal form is commonly used for automated theorem proving

(x/x)\cdot y} . The most direct solution to a word problem takes the form of a normal form theorem and algorithm which maps every element in an equivalence class

to be terminating if the rewriting of any ground term will lead to a normal form after a finite number of steps. The algebraic specification is said

calculus for instance, the expression (λx.xx)(λx.xx) does not have a normal form because there exists an infinite sequence of β-reductions (λx.xx)(λx

flow in three dimensions. Determining whether a λ-calculus formula has a normal form. Conway's Game of Life on whether, given an initial pattern and another

Essential tuple normal form (ETNF) is a normal form used in database normalization. It lies strictly between fourth normal form (4NF) and fifth normal

an aortic aneurysm. The goal of the procedure is the restoration of a normal form of the aortic valve, which will then lead to near-normal function and

Kernel Normal Form, computer programming style Kuroda normal form, a normal form for context-sensitive grammars Korea Nuclear Fuel, a South Korean company

problem for the braid relations is efficiently solvable and there exists a normal form for elements of Bn in terms of the generators σ1, ..., σn−1. (In essence

method in which reductions can be performed from left to right to reach a normal form (if one exists). The result for the pure untyped lambda calculus was

do not provide a mechanism for "infinite loops" (undefined values). A normal form theorem due to Kleene says that for each k there are primitive recursive

is irreducible (resp. lead-irreducible) by G. It is sometimes called a normal form of f by G. In general this form is not uniquely defined because there

an equivalent formula whose depth does not exceed two. The result is a normal form, the primary algebra analog of the conjunctive normal form. LoF (T14–15)

matrix in game theory and economics, that represents the payoffs in a normal form game where players move simultaneously Pick matrix A matrix that occurs

from manuscripts showing similarly elaborate inscriptions on walls as a normal form of decoration at the time. Another portrait in the National Gallery

coordinate control of his electrical implants. Afterwards he returns to a normal form with no ill effects. He also bites off and devours Steel Spider's arm

– without inflection in plural form. The word for euro, though, has a normal form with the postpositive definite article – еврото ([ˈɛvroto], the euro)

definition of every general recursive function f can be rewritten into a normal form such that the μ operator is used only once, viz. immediately below the

is optimal in the sense of doing a number of reductions to get to a "normal form" corresponding to a solution that is minimal among sound and complete

≤ the algebraic multiplicity of v. The Jordan form is used to find a normal form of matrices up to conjugacy such that normal matrices make up an algebraic

her marriage, Nash began to study the law in her husband's office (a normal form of legal apprenticeship at the time). In 1871, she became a justice

comes from the lambda calculus, where normal order reduction will find a normal form if there is one (it is a "normalizing" reduction strategy). Lazy evaluation

siblings and parallel cousins. Consequently, cross-cousin marriage can be a normal form of marriage in a society, but the other systems above can only be privileged

polynomial contraction γ {\displaystyle \gamma } . Kodaira has found a normal form for γ {\displaystyle \gamma } . In appropriate coordinates, γ {\displaystyle

the case of most top-down parsers) or because they expect rules in a normal form that forbids it (as in the case of many bottom-up parsers[clarification

and classical logic which could be used to reduce logical proofs to a normal form. Alfred Tarski, a pupil of Łukasiewicz, is best known for his definition

extended by transfinite induction so that every surreal number has a "normal form" analogous to the Cantor normal form for ordinal numbers. This is the

cingulata Led. (6h) [ ab. of rhadamanthus] has a red belt. This is a normal form in Spain, while in Liguria only single individuals of it are found among

wrong, though Violet was not bothered since in her life kissing is a normal form of greeting. A young foreigner named Adolf, who works cheaply for the

{\displaystyle T} can be decomposed into cone operations. In fact, there exists a normal form for this decomposition, which is commonly known as Nivat's Theorem:

understand the processes by which strategic agents reach equilibrium in a normal-form game. In Milgrom and Roberts (1991), they proposed two learning processes

doi:10.4310/jdg/1090415030. Crainic, Marius; Mǎrcuţ, Ioan (2012). "A normal form theorem around symplectic leaves". J. Differential Geom. 92 (3): 417–461

to A(X):-X=Y, Y=q. To solve this problem, facts are translated into a normal form in which the head contains a tuple of all-different variables; two facts

matrix of its characteristic polynomial. There is another way to define a normal form, that, like the Frobenius normal form, is always defined over the same

independently, by Bernheim (1984) and Pearce (1984). Starting with a normal-form game, the rationalizable set of actions can be computed as follows:

{\displaystyle m\geq 1} . Any other reduction is an internal beta reduction. A normal form is a term that does not contain any beta redex, i.e. that cannot be

евро – without inflection in plural. The word for euro, though, has a normal form with the postpositive definite article – еврото (the euro). The word

translation to stop correctly at the ends of proteins. Sup35p comes in a normal form ([psi-]) and a prion form ([PSI+]). When [PSI+] is present, this depletes

nets in equilibrium positions, and since an equilibrium position is a normal form, the crystal net isomorphism problem (i.e., the query whether two given

(the name of the novella is Mažasis princas – The Little Prince). And a normal form: mažas princas 'a little prince'. Several forms have not only a pronoun

Doubling on Elliptic curves (PDF) Edwards, Harold M. (9 April 2007), "A normal form for elliptic curves", Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society

since the city's walls were never breached "Stroke City" – referring to a normal form of presenting the two names of the city – Derry/Londonderry Doncaster

(if not, sentences could always be reduced or enhanced to have such a normal form). That means, any statement can be expresses as a sentence with subject

Leman in 1968. The original formulation is based on graph canonization, a normal form for graphs, while there is also a combinatorial interpretation in the

procedure's application to confidence intervals. Boyce–Codd normal form, a normal form used in database normalization. The definition of what we now know as

frequently experience coerced sexual initiation, which they view as a normal form of relationship. Another source mentioned that culture and religion

\sigma } . Characterization of λI-normalization: M {\displaystyle M} has a normal form in the λI-calculus, if and only if Γ ⊢ CD M : σ {\displaystyle \Gamma

derivatives without changing the ideal. Therefore, M. Janet introduced a normal form for systems of linear PDEs (see Janet basis). They are the differential

program equilibrium literature considers the following setting. Consider a normal-form game as a base game. For simplicity, consider a two-player game in which