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searching for peristome 370 found (745 total)

alternate case: Peristome

Nepenthes candalaga (324 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the triangular lid appendage, the short banner-shaped wings below the peristome that covers only a sixth of the trap's anterior eventually becoming ridges

with two species. The defining feature of the family is the 4-toothed peristome. This family of mosses is most commonly found in northern latitudes. Tetraphis

alisaputrana can be distinguished from those of N. burbidgeae by a broader peristome, larger lid, and simply by their sheer size. The hybrid differs from its

dikinetids. Their oral ciliature includes an elongated key-hole shaped peristome, an adoral zone of membranelles spiraling rightward around distinctly

colonies, typically with reddish to blackish shoots. The capsules lack the peristome mechanism and dehisce longitudinally to release the spores, resulting

the peristome and end with elongated teeth. These are more prominent than those found in N. rajah and smaller than those of N. villosa. The peristome is

to the Hose Mountains of central Sarawak. It is notable for its smooth peristome and funnel-shaped upper pitchers. Nepenthes platychila belongs to the

of N. albomarginata are very dominant in this hybrid; the wide flared peristome of its larger parent species (N. northiana) is almost completely lost

zone of membranelles", or AZM, on the left side of the buccal cavity (peristome). The membranelles are made up of kinetosomes arranged in groups to make

from those of N. sanguinea only by the toothed interior margin of the peristome. When the latter character had been absent, I should not have hesitated

operculum is broadly triangular in shape and has an undulating margin. The peristome forms an extended neck (≤9 cm long) at the rear and is up to 7 cm wide

outlined by growth lines. Otherwise sculpture is lacking. The mature peristome rimming the aperture is simple and unconstricted, without pronounced lappets

diameter, marked by growth lines, as with Neoaganides, and having a mature peristome with a double constriction near the periphery. The suture also closely

 quadrifidium has a clearly defined peristome (an opening on top of the spore sac) and G. fornicatum has a peristome the same color as the endoperidium

shorter dorsolateral sinuses, and a short dorsal salient branching from the peristome. The siphuncle has continuous actinosiphonate deposits. Walter C. Sweet

shell as much as 5 cm in diameter, with a strongly constricted mature peristome that has shallow dorsolateral sinus, a moderately deep rounded ventral

and narrow. An outward-curving peristomial disc is associated with the peristome. The peristomial disc, which may have ringed ridges or undulations, encloses

lacks appendages. Pitchers are yellowish with dark speckles and a striped peristome. Upper pitchers are generally infundibular, although their shape may vary

they nearly reach the base. There is one rib at some distance from the peristome, just behind the upper sinus, especially strong and varix-like. The brown

The fusiform, rather solid shell is uniformly red-brown, lighter behind peristome and at the sutural sinus, and with orange base. It contains 6 whorls,

without a crest. Peristome is continuous, whitish, broadly reflexed and detached; basic margin more or less semicircular. Peristome is double; inner lip

aperture may be entire, tetragonal or rounded and has no reflected lip. The peristome is generally not continuous. These shells are often brightly colored and

8 mm with a diameter of 2.3 mm. Its aperture is semicircular in shape, peristome reflected, brown. Older descriptions refer to it as Strobilops Labyrinthica

elaborate peristome. The outer lip is flaring, thickened at a short distance from the edge and with internal denticles. The inner part of the peristome shows

share very similar body plans) by their prominent, non-contractile stalk; peristome without lip; and elongate, horseshoe-shaped macronucleus. The name Opercularia

dorsoventrally flattened, and roughly ovoid, with a very large oral region (peristome) bordered on the left by a long "adoral zone of membranelles" (AZM). Like

couleur verdàtre.La spire a six à sept tours. L'ouverture est ovale et le péristome simple.Fente ombilicale peu prononcée. Opercule mince et lisse. In English

intervals along the ambulacral plates from the apex to the mouth opening or peristome. The Aristotle's lantern, or jaw system, has keeled teeth with the supports

"lutescena", which means "creamy". This refers to the species' creamy, yellow peristome. MolluscaBase (2018). Lataxiena lutescena Zhang & Zhang, 2015. Accessed

plant, and its genus name came from the structure of the perforations of peristome teeth. This plant was identified by Weber and Mohr in 1804. They often

Alexander E.; Ignatov, Michael S. (2016). "Phylogenetic inference and peristome evolution in haplolepideous mosses, focusing on Pseudoditrichaceae and

identified by their ventricose shape, broad bands of spots and an apex and peristome of bright rose coloration. Some specimens have white or translucent dots

about 20 stronger and weaker ones on the body whorl, that behind the peristome very strong and varix-like; these ribs run from one suture to the other

the lower palatal fold, a moderately developed, opaque crest behind the peristome; and a very deep impression between the crest and the point of the outer

of a reddish matt; epistome as protruding downwards as the cheeks (or peristome).The antennae are rufous (third article burnished at the apex). The body

disappear on body whorl, with the exception of a strong rib behind the peristome. This latter whorl is moreover slightly compressed, with a trace of a

hidden by the expanded columellar side of the peristome. The aperture is crescent, a little oblique. The peristome is very thick and expanded all around and

of sea urchins with rounded (but slightly elliptical) test, with the peristome (mouth) located in the center of the oral surface (lower) and the periproct

lamellar sculpture. The circular aperture is feebly nacreous. The thick peristome is continuous and shows a callous varix. The multispiral operculum is

of the aperture. The lateral margin is slightly angular in the middle. Peristome is reflected below. The umbilical crevice quite pronounced. This snail

shell attains 30 mm, the diameter 4½ mm (this may have been more if the peristome was complete). (Original description) The elongately fusiform shell has

short. Sutures are generally straight, the siphuncle ventral, empty. The peristome (aperture rim) has a broad hyponomic sinus -for the hydrojet funnel, ventrolateral

aperture is "made up of two curves of different radius uniting in the peristome, where the junction causes an angle projecting inwards, the smaller curve

together, whose form separately would be cylindrical, sacciform, and peristomed. Colour whitish yellow outside, sponge-brown within. Surface even, uniformly

the peristome. The aperture is semi-rounded, oblique, with margins approaching each other, united by a thin callus on the parietal wall. The peristome is

(resembling), and refers to the long, thin teeth lining the inner margin of the peristome of this species. (in Latin) Blume, C.L. 1852. Ord. Nepenthaceae. In: Museum

that are slightly decurrent and the proportionally wider and bulbous peristome of the lower pitchers which are often flared and crenellated characterize

above, at the rather deep sinus and below al the siphonal canal;. The peristome is rather strong, much contracted at the limit of the siphonal canal,

very pale lilac border within. The columella is slightly arcuate. The peristome is thin, expanded, buff or white, not continuous. The width of the shell

six strong, curved lamellae. The peristome is white, broadly expanded and reflexed. The right margin of the peristome is provided with a large foramen

such as Pourtalesiidae, some species are even bottle-shaped. The mouth (peristome) does not contain an Aristotle's lantern. The anus (periproct) has migrated

is large, with a spiral funiculum. The aperture is not nacreous. The peristome is varicose, reflected and sub-bilabiate. This marine species occurs off

and then slightly ascending in front, distinctly constricted behind the peristome. The base of the shell is perforated by a deep and conspicuous, though

Aperture is very shortly ovate, almost circular, light brown within. Peristome very broad, flatly reflexed, white. The internal axis is smooth throughout

siphonal canal with 2 short spines; aperture round-oval, with raised peristome; inner edge of lip without denticles; shell color two-toned, with body

the peristome is broad, expanded and reflexed. It is white in color, its upper end perforated by an oval hole. The outer margin of the peristome has four

slightly longer than broad and rounded anteriorly. The peristome is not continuous. The peristome is sharp, simple, slightly reflected near the columella

narrow peristomes and well-developed waxy zones, while those inhabiting perhumid areas often have a reduced waxy zone and enlarged peristome. This is

Since it is a member of the Bryopsida class it also has arthrodontous peristome teeth which aid in spore dispersal. Fissidens adianthoides have 16 red

behind the peristome. Moreover, the shell is crossed by conspicuous growth lines. The aperture is oblong and angular above. The peristome is rather thin

It is narrowly umbilicated. The aperture is circular. The continuous peristome is slightly thickened. Species within the genus Cirsonella include: †

sinulus bordered by the lamella parietalis and a knob on the peristome, whitish inside. Peristome is continuous, white, broadly reflexed. In frontal view,

with a double peristome. The thin, inner peristome is continuous and merges somewhat with the less developed, discontinuous inner peristome at its rear

flower-scent mimicry to attract insects to its pitchers. The rim of the pitcher (peristome) is slippery when moistened by condensation or nectar, causing insects

imperforate, conic and globular. Whorls are convex. The spire is short. The peristome is continuous. The columella is callous. The lip is not reflexed. The

mouth as in N. lowii and bears short bristles on its lower surface. The peristome has prominent ribs and teeth, but is not as developed as that of N. macrophylla

structure on the lateral sides of the peristomes. Nepenthes latiffiana differs from N. sanguinea in peristome morphology which is considerably developed

beaded appearance. The last rib before the peristome is very thick. The aperture is elongately oval. The peristome is thick, with a rather shallow sinus above

abapical cordlet becomes lighter toward the peristome, with some white spots. Then two axials closest to the peristome are white on the central part. Entire

imperforate, having a deep slit or sinus in the outer superior margin of the peristome, which serves the purpose of an exhalant phase of respiration., and leaves

keels. The circular aperture is oblique and shows a prominent varix. The peristome is continuous. The white operculum is multispiral with a central nucleus

convex beneath. The aperture is slightly oblique and broadly lunate. The peristome is thin in one plane, with columellar margin is curved, oblique, never

rhizomes No rhizomes Spur Forked Fasciculate Filiform Inner margin of peristome Teeth to 1.5 millimetres (0.06 in) to 2 millimetres (0.08 in) long Teeth

rounded, oblique, axial ribs (11 on the body whorl), those behind the peristome stronger. These ribs are pointedly tubercled about their median part,

suture and around the umbilical callosity. The aperture is rounded. The peristome is continuous. This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off Senegal and

edwardsiana. The hip of the pitcher cup, which is found just below the peristome in N. villosa and in the lower quarter of N. edwardsiana pitchers, is

subperforate shell has a turbinate shape. The aperture is rounded. The thick peristome is continuous and exteriorly varicose. The columella is not callous. Species

umbilicate and helicoid. The shell is widely expanded, often with a fimbriated peristome. Axial and spiral sculpture is usually present, usually forming cusps

in upper pitchers Mid-way, to lower half Upper quarter Position of pitcher hip in lower pitchers Lower third to quarter Immediately beneath peristome

and notched. The secondary tuberculation confined to plate margins. The peristome has shallow, rounded buccal notches. The spines are slender and arranged

a crest. Aperture is detached, obliquely pear-shaped, whitish inside. Peristome is continuous, whitish, thickened and broadly reflexed; basal side more

rest of the surface. The notch itself is a break or irregularity in the peristome, indicating the position of the siphon. The term "anal notch" is used

whorls that are rapidly increasing. The periphery is carinate. The simple peristome is continuous and is thickened at the base and produced into a tongue-like

strong cirri restricted to the ventral surface, and a large oral region (peristome) partially surrounded by an "adoral zone of membranelles". From a phylogenetic

dispersed over a period of time by the movement of wind or the plant's peristome teeth. Annual growth increments can be found on the stem of this species

spiral crenellae run round the sutures and round the callosity of the peristome. This is tongue-shaped and conceals almost the umbilicus. This marine

target larger prey items. Hauling food from the pitcher fluid to the peristome, a distance of no more than 5 cm (2.0 in), may take up to 12 hours. In

gastropod molluscs in the family Skeneidae. The shells lack a thickened peristome. The shell is depressed. In some species the shell is coiled nearly into

shell. The posterior sinus is large, circular, margins nearly united. The peristome is rather sharp and strongly arched. The columella is smooth and nearly

rounded. The aperture is broadly ovate, oblique, milky white within. The peristome is acute, sinuous above and slightly so below, much reflected at umbilical

elongate-subovate, 1.61 times as long as wide, 0.40 times the total height. Peristome is thin and simple. Columellar margin is nearly straight, very narrowly

elongate-conical shape with an entire, roundish and more or less thickened peristome. The peristome is closely adhering to the spire, reflected and takes up ca. 40%

Additionally, a low, weak columellar denticle is located close to the peristome. The peristome is expanded and slightly reflected. The shell has a straight central

showing some of the whorls. The circular aperture is slightly oblique. The peristome is continuous with a thin, sharp edge, appearing thickened within. It

half Colour of pitchers usually dark brownish purple to almost black, peristome yellowish green, sometimes with red stripes, occasionally colour of pitchers

furrows present. The umbilicus is narrow. The aperture is subcircular. The peristome is discontinuous, thickened and expanded. There is short sinulus present

The aperture is depressed, oblique, and expansive, with a simple, acute peristome. It is distinct from Aegopinella nitidula by its last quarter of the whorl

the last augulate at the periphery. The aperture is roundly lunate. The peristome is thin. The width of the shell is 22–32 mm. The height is 15-16-17 mm

defined, being acutely spirally bicarinate. The aperture is round. The peristome is continuous. It is slightly thickened at the base around the umbilicus

the parietal wall and a tooth on the parietal-columellar corner of the peristome. The columellar and palatal-basal lip are narrowly reflected. The umbilicus

subcanaliculate. The aperture is circular and slightly iridescent within. The peristome is sharp, the ends approaching and nearly meeting. They are united by

convex, and moderately increasing in size. The aperture is orbicular. The peristome is thin. This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off Iceland and arctic

rounded lirae. The aperture is slightly oblique and is subquadrate. The peristome is sharp. This species occurs in the Red Sea and in the Eastern Indian

ovate-oblong. The peristome is double: the inner peristome is continuous, very thin, and reduced to a simple sheet, while the outer peristome is interrupted

Polytrichaceae, under the operculum P. formosom has 64 nematodontous peristome teeth that surround an epiphragm. Polytrichastrum formosum is sexually

and umbilicated. It shows radiating ribs crossing spiral threads . The peristome is interrupted by the body whorl . The outer lip in the completely adult

rounded aperture somewhat contracted, oblique, and pearly white within. The peristome is rather thick, its ends not converging. The columella is short, slightly

and rounded on the base. The aperture is dilated, ovate-trigonal. The peristome is simple and acute. This species occurs in the Red Sea off Suez. Ethalia

The aperture is ovate, probably with a rather wide, deep sinus (the peristome is broken). The columellar margin is concave above, strongly contorted

forward. The aperture is small, obliquely pear-shaped, rounded or oval. The peristome is expanded or reflected, continuous and usually free throughout. The

nearly circular. The inner margin is a trifle straightened above. The peristome is continuous, in contact with the preceding whorl for an extremely short

about half the length of the shell. It is circular and pearly within. The peristome and columella are tinged with greenish-yellow. The pattern on the shell

appearance. The 3½ whorls are rapidly increasing. The body whorl is tumid. The peristome is continuous, but partly adnate. This species occurs in the Atlantic

appearance. The 3½ whorls are rapidly increasing. The body whorl is tumid. The peristome is continuous, but partly adnate. This species occurs in the Atlantic

characterized by a depressed, openly umbilicated, smoothish shell. The peristome is obtuse. The columellar margin is dilated, partly vaulting over the

dorsally, and which is due to the enlargement of the basal lip of the peristome (in the way of Pseudosuccinea columella). The spire is pointed. The aperture

elongately-oval, angular above, with a wide siphonal canal below. The peristome is damaged according to the fine growth-lines, with a very shallow sinus

elongately oval, angular above, with a short, wide siphonal canal below. The peristome is thin, broken, according to growth lines with a wide, rather deep sinus

until the edge of the aperture, where it is clearly visible. The shell's peristome is complete and not reflected. Balashov I. & Griffiths O. (2015). "Two

and three-toothed. The median tooth is the most strongly developed. The peristome is white, reflexed, and has six equidistant and equal white teeth, which

with a sharp angle above, a narrow gutter-like siphonal canal below. The peristome is thin (broken), according to growth-lines with a wide, shallow sinus

spire contains 3½ whorls. The round aperture is somewhat oblique. The peristome has a thickened callus, expanded on the left side. Its top is attached

smooth . The oval or ear-shaped aperture is small and has a thickened peristome. The inner lip is reflexed over the base of the last whorl. There is no

Alexander E.; Ignatov, Michael S. (2016). "Phylogenetic inference and peristome evolution in haplolepideous mosses, focusing on Pseudoditrichaceae and

flattened apex. The suture is deep. The four whorls are well-rounded. The peristome is considerably expanded. This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean at

nearly circular. The inner margin is a trifle straightened above. The peristome is continuous, in contact with the preceding whorl for an extremely short

the rest of shell. The aperture is oval, with a blunt angle above. The peristome is thin, fragile, the sinus according to growth lines probably wide, but

about one-half the length of the shell. It is golden orange within. The peristome is white-edged, undulating, and slightly produced at the base. The columella

to Nepenthes rigidifolia. The species resembles N. rigidifolia by the peristome shape, the morphology of the leaves, and the tendril that is inserted

and the peristome and interior of the aperture, which is more yellowish than reddish-brown. Aperture very large, almost circular. Peristome continuous

aperture has a lunate shape and is ovate-oblong and scarcely compressed. The peristome is straight, simple and acute. This species occurs in the Czech Republic

afterwards becoming evanescent. The last whorl is deflected in front. The peristome is subpatulous, thickened within. The width of the shell is 16–25 mm.

circular aperture is oblique. Inside it is microscopically lirate. The peristome is continuous and thick. The arcuate columella is slightly expanded toward

reflexed and appressed. The white aperture is irregularly semioval. The peristome is narrowly thickened outside, and strongly lipped within. The height

and rather glossy. It shows remote, flexuous growth striae. The sharp peristome is simple and is interrupted by the parietal wall. This species occurs

indented toward the center. The oblique aperture is subquadrangonal. The peristome has a marginal row of black and white dots. The outer lip is plicate within

umbilicus is funnel-shaped. The rounded aperture is slightly oblique. The peristome is thin, outer margin very colunellari slightly arched. The outer lip

rounded and the body whorl is descending. The aperture is circular. The peristome is continuous. Species within the genus Philorene include: Philorene texturata

whorls, that are rather flattened. The last whorl is not descending. The peristome is acute, reflected, white-lipped. The width of the shell is 17–21 mm

aperture is very oblique, rounded, with continuous slightly expanded peristome, and having several teeth on the outer lip and an entering parietal lamina

immersed teeth in the palate, bounded by a reddish-brown streak in front. Peristome is weak, expanded, the margins delicately united; outer margin not impressed

separated by a deep suture. The aperture is small, ovate with a thin, erect peristome that is crenulated to form the outer lip that is conspicuously dentate

covered. The umbilicus is profound, funnel-shaped, and crenate. The simple peristome is continuous. The whitish aperture is subrotund. This species occurs

plant native and endemic to eastern mountains of Peninsular Malaysia. The peristomes on both upper and lower pitchers are profusely adorned by reddish bands

umbilicus is of moderate size. The aperture is orbicular. The continuous peristome is very thick, and broadly refiexed[check spelling], crenate. The parietal

moderately sharp angle above and a wide, slightly gutter-like canal below. The peristome is broken, probably with a very shallow sinus (judging after growth-lines)

brown, without hairs, completely flat, umbilicated, the ends of the peristome connected with a thin callus. The width of the shell is 37–48 mm. Wikimedia

sharp angle above and a compressed, gutter-like siphonal canal below. The peristome is broken. The sinus, judging after growth lines, is large but shallow

considerable distance from the umbilicus. The circular aperture has a continuous peristome. The columella has a thick, narrow callus that hardly reflects on the

rounded in front. The aperture is widely lunate, angulated exteriorly. The peristome is internally sublabiate. The width of the shell is 25 mm. Apical view

angulata or carinate, rarely rounded; aperture subrhomboidal or securiform; peristome thin, simple, straight; parietal region with one or two, and the palate

around the umbilicus is spirally carinate. The aperture is round. The peristome is thin. The operculum is multispiral with a central nucleus. The species

below in a rather long, narrow, slightly contorted siphonal canal. The peristome is thin, wdth a wide, shallow sinus above, strongly protracted in its

slightly angular above, with a rather narrow siphonal canal below. The peristome is broken, according to growth striae with a very shallow sinus below

angular above, ending in a rather long, narrow siphonal canal below. The peristome is thin, with a wide, rather shallow sinus above, then strongly protracted

large in proportion to the size of the shell. The aperture is round. The peristome is continuous, hardly thickened, a tongue-shaped process, lirato-sulcate

smooth. The umbilicus is of a moderate size, defined by a riblet. The peristome is strongly crenately varicose. The color of the shell is whitish, stained

termination they form distinct points on the somewhat expanded thin edge of the peristome. The aperture within is dull, opaque white, with a narrow, much thinner

of the shell is slightly convex and smooth. The aperture is round. The peristome is discontinuous and thin, except in the columellar region that contains

rounded spiral cords. The aperture outline is elliptical, with a thickened peristome and a well-marked callus. The columella bears two strong folds, and the

about 20 unequal spiral ribs. The aperture is pyriform, straight. The peristome is thinly continuous. The inner lip is patulous, slightly arched to the

considerable distance from the umbilicus. The circular aperture has a continuous peristome. The columella has a thick, narrow callus that hardly reflects on the

is lunate, transversely oblong, and obscurely lirate inside. The acute peristome is simple. Its, margins are subparallel, the outer subsinuous, the basal

form by the preceding whorl. The aperture is moderately oblique. The peristome is continuous, not closely appressed at the upper left side. The columellar

Its throat is pearly. The outer lip has a small callus. The whitish peristome is straight and obtuse. The basal margin is arcuate. The columellar margin

below in a rather long, narrow, slightly contorted siphonal canal. The peristome is thin, wdth a wide, shallow sinus above, strongly protracted in its

shallow sinus above, and a very short, wide siphonal canal below. The peristome is strong, crenulated, arched, below with a small sinus at the limit of

thinner, weakly evident, disappearing in the more callous specimens. Peristome smooth or with fine ribbing. Fossula rather thickened, shallow, with 3-4

ending below in a short, compressed, gutter-like siphonal canal. The peristome is broken, probably with a wide, shallow sinus. The columellar margin

a sharp angle above and a narrow gutterlike siphonal canal below. The peristome is thin, with a wide, moderately deep sinus above. The columellar margin

termination they form distinct points on the somewhat expanded thin edge of the peristome. The aperture within is dull, opaque white, with a narrow, much thinner

above, with a rather short, moderately wide siphonal canal below. The peristome is broken, according to growth lines with a shallow sinus above, roundedly

angulated where it is united to the body whorl below the peripheral keel. The peristome is continuous, although not free in consequence of the inner lip being

subquadrangular, with a rather narrow sinus, comparatively deep for the genus. The peristome is but slightly convex above, suddenly roundly contracted below, forming

2 pitcher spur that occasionally arise in the posterior midsection of peristome neck, whereas in N. peltata the tendril-leaf attachment is peltate, the

The aperture is scarcely indented by the parietal margin. The acute peristome is nearly continuous. (original description by Carpenter) This species

pinched up into a strong keel. It terminates about ½ mm or ¾ mm behind the peristome in a long, narrow slot. The ovate aperture is very oblique. It is narrowed

is shorter than the spire. The small aperture is obliquely oval. The peristome is straight, labiate within and dentate. The right margin is rather expanded

angular above, ending in a long, gutterlike siphonal canal below. The peristome is broken, probably with a moderately wide, shallow sinus. The columellar

very minutely spirally striate. The aperture is rounded. The thickened peristome is continuous. and varicose exteriorly. The inner lips aredistinct. The

bluish within, faintly stained with olive-brown near the margins. The peristome widely and deeply sinuated on the outer lip in the concavity of the whorl

the base, towards the oblique aperture there is another keel. The thin peristome is simple. This marine species occurs off Puerto Rico at a depth of about

The outer lip is thin. The wide siphonal canal is more prolonged. The peristome could be more effuse. There is no columellar plication. This marine species

but smooth within. The aperture is irregularly subquadrate-ovate. The peristome is simple, its margins joined by a very thin callus. The thin columellar

the base. The sutures are impressed. The aperture is rounded. The thin peristome is continuous, thickened by the last radiate rib. The columella is arcuate

within. The strong columellar fold is superior, twisted, and roseate. The peristome is rose-lipped with the outer margin shortly expanded and columellar margin

brown, without hairs, completely flat, umbilicated, the ends of the peristome connected with a thin callus. The width of the shell is 17–20 mm. The

oblique, oval-rhomboidal, very brilliantly iridescent within, but the acute peristome has a rather broad marginal band of opaque white. The columella is simple

length of the shell. The posterior sinus is large, deep, and rounded. The peristome is rather acute, slightly sinuous near the base. The columella is smooth

flattened, and above reflexed. It is connected with the upper margin of the peristome by a short shining parietal callus. This species occurs in the Southwest

rather large, diagonal aperture is rounded-trapezoidal. The thin, simple peristome is incomplete. The columellar margin is straightened, forming an obtuse

processes extending over it. The circular aperture is slightly oblique. The peristome is continuous, with a callous varix. The columella is arcuate, with an

megapolitana. Fig. 6. Lid of T. austriaca of authors. Fig. 7. Teeth of the outer peristome. Fig. 8. Portion of the inner peristome, without segments.

oblique, oval, brilliantly iridescent and somewhat sulcated inside. The peristome is edged with a line of intense crimson, bordered with greenish inside

aperture measures less than half the total length of shell. The acute peristome is rather thin, and edged by a row of red dots, thickened a little distance

whorl and a half is smooth. The subquadrate aperture is almost free. The peristome is formed by one of the ribs. This marine species is endemic to New Zealand

secondary tubercles. The mouth is surrounded by a sunken subpentagonal peristome which is half as wide as the test. The primary spines are moderately long

margin slightly flattened, the upper part of same somewhat sinuous. The peristome is a little expanded with a slightly thickened outer lip just at the margin

sporophytes are lateral, usually with elongate setae and capsules. The double peristome, sometimes reduced, consists of 16 teeth which are papillose on the outer

and finely sulcate radially. The oblique aperture is subcircular. The peristome is obtuse. The columellar margin is broadly dilated, covering a small

The outer lip is thin. The wide siphonal canal is more prolonged. The peristome could be more effuse. There is no columellar plication. This marine species

aperture is white and smooth. The columellar side is enamelled. The thin peristome is broken. This species occurs off Indonesia; in the Bismarck Sea and

sharply angular above, with a rather long, narrow siphonal canal below. The peristome is not developed, probably with a shallow sinus above. The columellar

sporophytes are lateral, usually with elongate setae and capsules. The double peristome, sometimes reduced, consists of 16 teeth which are papillose on the outer

inner lip is smooth and thin. The outer lip a little inflexed behind. The peristome is acute. The height of the shell is 6 mm. The width of the shell is 3

terminating in a long, narrow slit which does not attain the edge of the peristome. Its elevated margins are irregular and lamellar. The ovate aperture is

megapolitana. Fig. 6. Lid of T. austriaca of authors. Fig. 7. Teeth of the outer peristome. Fig. 8. Portion of the inner peristome, without segments.

aperture measures less than half the total length of shell. The acute peristome is rather thin, and edged by a row of red dots, thickened a little distance

shell; columella strongly curved, truncate; aperture oval, elongate; peristome simple, its external margin somewhat prominent. A species allied to G

is large and rounded at the periphery. The aperture is circular. The peristome is continuous and slightly thickened on the columellar margin. This marine

whorl and a half is smooth. The subquadrate aperture is almost free. The peristome is formed by one of the ribs. This marine species is endemic to New Zealand

developed. The aperture is rounded, very slightly subquadrangular. The inner peristome is reduced to a very thin sheet, visible only in the juvenile, but destroyed

impressed. The subcircular aperture is a little angled above. The continuous peristome is sharp. The outer lip is advancing, and producing a distinct notch at

oblique, oval, brilliantly iridescent and somewhat sulcated inside. The peristome is edged with a line of intense crimson, bordered with greenish inside

are convex. The suture is very deep. The aperture is circular. The thin peristome is slightly expanded. This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off Portugal

Sarasin, 1899 is snow-white with a black varix and black mark behind the peristome. It is an "albino" perversus which is common in the Celebes and sporadically

below in a rather narrow, slightly curved, compressed siphonal canal. The peristome is thin, with a narrow, shallow sinus above. The columellar margin is

basal folds, all growing continuously from an early neanic stage. The peristome is more or less thickened and expanded, the ends of the lip remote, joined

oblique aperture is rhombic, iridescent and sulcated inside. The thin peristome is acute. The columella is straightened, not truncate below, dilated in

aperture is set backward, lunate, and obliquely semi-rounded. Peristome: The peristome is thickened, with a strong reflection, well-defined and less obvious

aperture is subcircular, and subangular above. There is no umbilicus. The peristome is slightly produced below. The columella has a heavy white callus. The

the end of keel, with a probably shallow sinus, below the suture;. The peristome is broken. The columellar margin shows a thin layer of enamel. The siphonal

brown, with hairs, with impressed spire, umbilicated, the ends of the peristome connected with a thin callus. The width of the shell is 11–13 mm. This

rounded notch that separates it from the peristome. The aperture is diagonal and broadly semi-oval. The peristome is simple and somewhat expanded, with a

whorls, with the body whorl inflated and constricted about 2 mm from the peristome. A breathing pore emerges at the start of the constriction and extends

and slightly so in the middle. It forms therefore a rather conspicuous peristome reinforced within by three strong lamellar folds. The inner lip is stout

beautifully clathrate with delicate oblique lamellae. The body whorl is at the peristome almost disunited from the penultimate whorl. The suture is canaliculate

last whorl is the largest. The aperture is tall and oblong, with a thin peristome. The columellar margin near the umbilicus is slightly expanded, and the

obsoletely transversely striated. The round aperture has a continuous peristome. This marine species occurs off Japan. Bouchet, P. (2014). Ethalia polita

suture is impressed. The aperture is subcircular and slightly oblique. The peristome is simple and straight. The notch at the suture is very slightly indicated

rather large aperture is oblique and has a sub-ovate shape. The thick peristome is dilated. The columella is oblique. This species occurs in the Red Sea

umbilicus, and the fine spiral liration of the apical whorls. The simple peristome is remarkably thin and not in the least reflected. This species has all

with a moderately sharp angle above and an obtuse angle at the keel. The peristome is thin, broken, according to the growth lines with a wide, deep sinus

periphery, slightly convex beneath. The oblique aperture is nearly round. The peristome is thin, a trifle crenulated inside. The columella has a slight excavation

convex longitudinal ribs. The interstices are finely spirally lirate. The peristome is thickened. This species occurs in the Indian Ocean off Réunion. Bouchet

effuse at the base. Last whorl sometimes slightly prolonged inferiorly. Peristome thick, margins joined by a callosity. Operculum like that of Tiphobia

upper part, with thin deposit of callus, varicose below on the outside, peristome white, thin at edge, gibbous in the middle. The aperture is narrow, little

convex, subangulated at the suture. The aperture is ovate-elliptic. The peristome is thin, simple, acute, effuse anteriorly. The umbilicus is narrow. This

surface is seen to be longitudinally extremely shagreened or striate. The peristome is continuous, six-angled externally. The aperture is round. The operculum

aperture is circular and white on the inside. The conspicuously thickened peristome is five-angled. This species occurs in the Gulf of Oman and the Persian

bluntly angular above, below with a rather narrow, short siphonal canal The peristome is broken, probably with a shallow sinus above, (according to the growth

bluntly angular above, below with a rather narrow, short siphonal canal The peristome is broken, probably with a shallow sinus above, (according to the growth

species, the whorls tend to overlap. The aperture has a sharp outer lip. A peristome can be present, but often the lip is not thickened nor reflected. Those

belonging to the Bryopsida class, O. lyellii has white arthrodontous peristome teeth, with 16 teeth being located in both the exostome and endostome

last whorl is rounded. The aperture is semioval with 4 to 7 folds. The peristome is scarcely expanded and white-lipped. The distribution of the genus Vertigo

without hairs, somewhat elevated spire, umbilicated, the ends of the peristome connected with a strong, white callus bearing a more or less conspicuous

aperture is subquadrangular, iridescent and slightly lirate within. The peristome is sharp and discontinuous. The outer and basal lip are convex, with a

within umbilicus; axial sculpture lacking, growth increments not apparent. Peristome complete, area of contact with previous whorl minimal. Operculum pale

is brown, hairless, not completely flat, umbilicated. The ends of the peristome are connected with a thin callus. The width of the shell is 40–46 mm.

penultimate whorl, twelve on the body whorl. The aperture is circular. The peristome is simple. The columella is white. This marine species occurs off the

spire is elevated. The whorls are flattened, nodulous and carinated. The peristome is thin and continuous. The shell can grow fairly large, to more than

aperture is oblong;, angular above, with a wide siphonal canal below. The peristome is thin, broken. According to growth-lines, with a shallow sinus, then

(N. ampullaria × N. rafflesiana) in possessing a waxy zone, a narrower peristome, and hairs on the upper surface of the lid. Nepenthes hemsleyana appears

begging of body-whorl (could be visible through wall of shell). Basal peristome is almost complete, slightly reflected. Height of shell 2.4–2.5 mm, diameter

The circular aperture is accompanied by a varicose, strongly crenulated peristome This species occurs in the Red Sea and the Arabian Sea. Neocollonia munda

corresponding to darker brown spots on the external thickness of outer lip. Peristome and columellar folds are ivory white, inside of the aperture is tan-yellowish

roundly oval, the same colour within as without, but smooth and glossy. The peristome is thin, membranaceous, columellar margin much curved inwards. The width

is oval, angular above, below with a short, wide siphonal canal. The peristome is thin, with a rather shallow sinus. The columellar margin is concave

beadlike, then the ribs disappear. The aperture is narrowly elongated. The peristome is broken. The upper sinus is probably wide. The columellar margin is

the lip. The parietal wall has a band of nacre, uniting the ends of the peristome. It is bounded on the outside with light brown or white. Although the

twenty-five below. The umbilical area is smooth and dirty white. The thin peristome is subcircular, and interrupted on its junction with the whorl. The columellar

is oval, angular above, with a short, broad siphonal canal below. The peristome is broken, probably with very shallow sinus above. The columellar margin

narrow and has a marginal callus. The aperture is almost circular. The peristome is thickened and a little relfexed[check spelling]. This marine species

a very thin callus on the parietal wall, which is finely granulated. Peristome curved, scarcely thickened, reflexed, livid; upper margin a little arcuate

rib. The inner lip is smooth and reflected on the columella, making the peristome continuous. The umbilical chink is very small. Alvania jeffreysi has been

parietal margin, one on the columellar margin, and two on the outer lip. The peristome is slightly thickened and reflected. This species is known to occur in

wide groove. The aperture is almost circular, its interior white. The peristome is thick. The operculum is flat on the inside, convex on the outside,

square-shaped. The aperture is subcircular and silvery white on the inside. The peristome is simple. The white columella is thick and smooth. The operculum is almost

lirulae in the interstices. The ovate aperture is silvery within. The peristome is greenish, somewhat fluted. The columella is dilated and produced at

length of shell. It is white within, oval, angular above and below. The peristome is scarcely crenulated and is frequently greenish. The columella contains

character distinguishing Collonia from Leptothyra seems to be the peculiar peristome of the former. Species within the genus Leptothyra include: Leptothyra

impressed. The narrow umbilicus is deep. The aperture is subrotund. The peristome is acute and not continuous. The lower lip is thickened. The rather thick

spire is somewhat impressed. The shell is umbilicated. The ends of the peristome are connected by a thin callus. The width of the shell is 19.5–24 mm.

the columella, and a smaller one in the palate (frequently wanting). Peristome is spreading, slightly labiate, the margins joined by a callus, the right

a smooth space intervening. The aperture is ovate-rounded. The simple peristome is thin, acute, and subcontinuous. This marine species occurs off New

small aperture is narrow. The columella descends rather obliquely. The peristome is simple. The base of the shell is marked with three revolving punctate

The round aperture measures half the length of the shell or less. The peristome is usually nearly free from body whorl above. The columella is excavated

indented by the penultimate whorl and inscribed in an oblique plane. The peristome is simple with hardly converging sides. The sharp outer lip shows on the

gutter-like siphonal canal below, which is directed to the right. The peristome is much broken and probably has a wide, shallow sinus above. The columellar

convex. The suture is impressed. The circular aperture is oblique. The peristome is continuous, smooth inside and ornamented outside by the spiral sculpture

short, wide siphonal canal below, slightly directed to the left. The peristome is thin and broken, according to growth lines with a moderately wide and

the shell is subhorizontal, rounded, and obstructed by eight folds. The peristome is white, very broadly expanded, reflexed and recurved, rather thick,

narrow above but dilated below. The columella is obliquely arched. The peristome is simple and rises above the vertex. Preston, H. B. "Descriptions of

callus is not sufficiently large to cover or conceal the umbilicus. The peristome is produced into an angle, which ascends on the body whorl. This marine

is lunate, narrow, subvertical, milky white within, rounded below. The peristome is thin, slightly sinuate below, and nearly vertical near the columella

the base. The umbilical area is longitudinally crispate. The continuous peristome is thickened. This marine species occurs off Suez, Red Sea. Issel. Mal

somewhat thick, sharp, and prominent . The rounded aperture is oblique. The peristome is continuous. The outer lip is thin. The inner lip is folded back on

under a high power; it is more obvious where it crosses the grooves ; peristome simple; aperture rather elongate The shell is sharply conical and elongated

smooth. The umbilicus is wide. One of the ring-like lamellae forms the peristome. This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off South Australia

length of shell. It is white within, oval, angular above and below. The peristome is scarcely crenulated and is frequently greenish. The columella contains

angulate and channelled at peripheral carina, iridescent within. The peristome is sinuous above. The umbilical region is covered with a heavy callus

small aperture is narrow. The columella descends rather obliquely. The peristome is simple. The base of the shell is marked with three revolving punctate

indented by the penultimate whorl and inscribed in an oblique plane. The peristome is simple with hardly converging sides. The sharp outer lip shows on the

largest. The oval aperture is angular at the top and left sides. The peristome is simple and sharp-edged. The shell has a blunt apex. The non-indigenous

a median zone and base of brown. The aperture is white and the brown peristome is thick. The columellar fold is strong. The height of the shell is 16

aperture exhibits considerable variation in its structure. Internally, the peristome forms a smooth, continuous inner ring. In terms of color, the shell appears

on the penultimate whorl and 12 on the body whorl) which pass over the peristome and determine, at the points of intersection, small acute tubercles. The

interstices are plain, vitreous white. The aperture is circular. The peristome is continuous. The outer lip is crenulate. The columellar margin is not

whorls with rounded walls. The oblique aperture is nearly circular. The peristome is simple, continuous, slightly attached to the body whorl, and reflected

suture. The suture is impressed. The aperture is narrow and oblique. The peristome is thickened and serrated by the spiral striae. The columella descends

The mouth of the capsule is usually ringed by a set of teeth called peristome. This may be absent in some mosses.[citation needed] Most mosses rely

indented below around the umbilicus; aperture small, semilunar, oblique; peristome simple, acute. Umbilicus nearly one-third the diameter of the shell, wide

turriform, with enlarged sutures, elliptic aperture disjunct with simple peristome. Shell is 2.1 mm tall, 0.4 mm wide, 0.4 mm in aperture height, and 0.16 mm

The columella descends obliquely, curved outwards and produced. The peristome is simple, rising high above the vertex. Preston, H. B. "Descriptions

Drawing of aperture of Ringicella carinatum showing the apertural teeth and the perforation in the peristome

capsules are stegocarpic, not systylius. Its urn measures 1.5-2.7 mm and its peristome 300 μm. Its spherical spores are either very finely papillose or border

cerulean-white in colour. The upper part of the aperture is not acute. The peristome is straight, thick, blunt, often outwardly blackish. The width of the

smooth, but for fine growth striae. The aperture is oblong and narrow. The peristome is thin, with only traces of a varix, internally with very faint, irregular

palatal teeth large, infraparietal, basal and interpalatal teeth small. Peristome continuous, thickened and expanded. Height: 2.9-3.4 mm, Breadth: 2.6-3

suture is impressed. The aperture is a little oblique, subcircular. The peristome is simple, straight. The columella is slightly concave, white. The inner

beneath. The large aperture is very oblique and subrotund. The acute peristome is interrupted. The columellar margin is a little reflexed at the insertion

folds or waves, many of them followed by a raised line marking a former peristome. These folds are more distinct on the spire than on the body whorl, where

one-third the length of the shell. The anal sinus is large and rounded. The peristome is rather sharp and furnished with a small sinus near the base. This marine

above a relatively narrow umbilical opening. The aperture is round. The peristome is discontinuous. The outer lip is oblique. The excavated columella is

more than half the length of the shell. The sinus is semicircular. The peristome is trenchant, stoutly ribbed externally, and the inner margin callous

colouring on intratubercular area and uniform colouring on tubercules. Peristome pale pink." Locus typicus: "Off Capo Ras Hafun, Horn of Africa, Somalia

rhomboidal. The outer lip is thickened and crenulated within. The thick peristome is plicate within. The straight columella is denticulate, ending abruptly

aperture is 1.30 times as long as wide, 0.70 times the total height. The peristome is broadly expanded and backwardly reflexed, glossy whitish. Columellar

with a sharp angle above and a rather wide siphonal canal below. The peristome is broken, probably with a rather shallow sinus above. The columellar

of the width of the shell. The aperture is crescent, a little oblique, peristome thick and expanded all around and is somewhat reflexed; both ends connected

The ovate aperture is transversely dilated, and silvery within. The peristome is acute. The white columella is thickened. The color pattern of the shell

narrow above but broadening below. The.columella descends obliquely. The peristome is thickened and produced above the vertex. Preston, H. B. "Descriptions

"shell". The shell is often heavily corroded, usually whitish with brown peristome present on the last whorl. The shell has 5-7 very weakly convex whorls

siphonal canal. The aperture is oblique, narrow and has a continuous peristome. The columella, concave in its upper part, is coated with an enamel whose

slightly angular above, below with a rather wide siphonal canal. The peristome is sharp, with a shallow sinus above and a strong rib at some distance

aperture is round, with an entire margin that is not thickened. The thin peristome is continuous. This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs

aperture is subhorizontal, semicircular, obstructed by 5 or 6 teeth. Peristome is expanded and reflexed, pinkish-brown or flesh tinted. Parietal margin

surface vertical and somewhat convex. The aperture is subcircular. The thin peristome is continuous. S. Williams: Minolia pseudobscura Yokoyama Matajiro (1927)

and two slightly elevated lamelliform teeth within and at the base. The peristome is subreflected and thickened. Radula: Lingual formula 88,-12-1-12 . The

usually ornamented with a row of pink spots. The axis is perforate. The peristome does not project forward at junction of columellar and basal margins.

extending into a thick, projecting callus which joins the lip above. The peristome is sinuous and slightly reflexed. The aperture is narrowly ovate. The

more narrowed at the base, inscribed in an almost vertical plane. The peristome shows almost continuous edges. The thin and sharp outer edge is weakly

iridescent within and measures less than half the length of shell. The peristome is edged by a row of crimson dots, with a porcellaneous internal thickening

defined shell shape, narrow umbilicus (for the genus Gudeodiscus) and thick peristome. The size of the shell is small to large. The shape of the shell is high

colouring on intratubercular area and uniform colouring on tubercules. Peristome pale pink." Locus typicus: "Off Capo Ras Hafun, Horn of Africa, Somalia

bit downward. The aperture is large and is obliquely elliptical. The peristome is straight and slightly thickened. The outer lip is fairly curved, somewhat

slightly angular above, below with a rather wide siphonal canal. The peristome is sharp, with a shallow sinus above and a strong rib at some distance

magnification. The aperture is roundly oval, a little wider than high. The peristome of the holotype is incomplete. This marine species is endemic to Australia

narrow above and moderately wide below. The columella is oblique. The peristome is broadly thickened, and bent slightly inwards, a little extended above

narrow above but broadening below. The.columella descends obliquely. The peristome is thickened and produced above the vertex. Preston, H. B. "Descriptions

interstices are apparent. The aperture is circular and white on the inside. The peristome is continuous. This species occurs in the Arabian Sea off Muscat, Oman

gently sloping forward and subtly angled at the periphery. The whitish peristome is thickened and narrowly turned outward. This species is endemic to the

irregularly circular, and very slightly expanded at the basal margi. The peristome is continuous. The deep, narrow slit is situated between the two thread-like

minute and numerous prosocline lamellae which override the cords. The peristome is flaring in adult shells, with a distinct outer varix and with internal

distinct callosity, presenting a somewhat heliciniform appearance, The peristome is expanded and reflexed. The columella is stout, with a protuberance

length. The columella is a trifle thickened. The terminations of the peristome are joined by a thin callus. The elongate brownish-lilac spots on the

tract, parallel to the columella, and connects the terminations of the peristome. The umbilical tract is bounded on the outer lower margin by green, grey

rounded and crossed by low folds indicating former positions of the peristome. Its color pattern is reddish-brown, scarlet and green in irregular patches

and contains numerous slender plicae. The aperture is subcircular. The peristome is simple. This species is allied to Minolia singaporensis Pilsbry, 1889

the periphery of the penultimate whorl. The aperture is circular. The peristome is continuous and is slightly above and below on the inner side. The suture

solid, white columella descends abruptly. The anal sinus is broad. The peristome is thin and irregularly serrated. The aperture is oval. The interior of

arched above, descending obliquely and terminating rather abruptly. The peristome is acute. The aperture is subquadrate. This marine species is endemic

subquadrate. It is silvery white on the inside, and has 7 lirae. The peristome is sharp and maculated. This marine shell occurs off the Philippines.

Operculum black, closing the aperture, but at some distance from the peristome. The width of the shell is 28 mm. The height of the shell is 37 mm. Paramelania

The calyptra is smooth. There is no obvious area of dehiscence, and peristome teeth are lacking. The spores are papillose or warty. Endemic to western

shell is 1 mm. The shell is a "depressed turbinate" and has a complete peristome. This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off New South

obtusely angulated. The rounded body whorl is descending in front. The peristome is slightly expanded, a little thickened within. In the past, this genus

the aperture. The aperture is ovate, somewhat oblique, angular above. Peristome continuous and free from the preceding whorl. Length 2.4, diam. 1.7 mm

anterior lip to the suboval inclined aperture, behind which is a weak varix. Peristome continuous, sharp. (Rarely, a fourth spiral cord may appear on body whorl

has spores that are approximately 10 um. The species also has a double peristome and endostome with appendiculate cilia. Their stems are orange and forked

oval, rounded above, with a short, narrow siphonal canal below. The peristome is rather blunt, with a shallow sinus above and a strong rounded rib externally

upper side with a very slightly sunken spire and a wide umbilicus. The peristome is flattened above and below. The white everted lip is slightly thickened

middle. The aperture is obliquely elongated, narrowly semi-oval. The peristome is continuous, white in the interior. The columella, weakly concave in

16 segments open on the keel, sometimes with evidence of cilia; outer peristome shorter than the inner. Spores finely papillose. This species has a bipolar

insertion. The parietal wall is covered with a thick callus which gives the peristome a complete aspect. This marine species occurs in the following locations:

convex. The suture is distinct. The large aperture is suborbicular. The peristome is subcontinuous. The columella is subproduced at the base. The umbilicus

encircled by a white zone. The rounded aperture is oblique and simple. The peristome shows a light thickening. The shell is within white, or painted like the

suddenly, with a more or less open umbilicus. The aperture is lunate. The peristome is reflected, connected in most cases by a thin callus. Some researchers

oval, angular above, with a rather short, wide siphonal canal below. The peristome is thin, with a moderately deep sinus above. The columellar margin is

The parietal wall is covered by a very thick callus, which renders the peristome complete. The type specimen was found in the Pacific Ocean off San Bartolome