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distribution law) is a law of physics used to describe the spectrum of thermal radiation (frequently called the blackbody function). This law was first derivedExplorer 7 (1,812 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
around the periphery of the center section were five bolometers for thermal radiation measurements and three cadmium sulfide micrometeoroid detector cellsErythema ab igne (853 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
caused by long-term exposure to heat (infrared radiation). Prolonged thermal radiation exposure to the skin can lead to the development of reticulated erythemaKilling horizon (859 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
equations) predicted that a black hole formed by collapse will emit thermal radiation, it became clear that there is an unexpected connection between spacetimeOrbital decay (1,984 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Orbital decay is a gradual decrease of the distance between two orbiting bodies at their closest approach (the periapsis) over many orbital periods. TheseEffective temperature (1,953 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and clouds) absorbing thermal radiation and reducing emissions to space, i.e., reducing the planet's emissivity of thermal radiation from its surface intoAnti-flash white (642 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
nuclear bombers. The purpose of the colour is to reflect some of the thermal radiation from a nuclear explosion, protecting the aircraft and its occupantsSolid-state lighting (456 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
electroluminescence is used in SSL, as opposed to incandescent bulbs (which use thermal radiation) or fluorescent tubes. Compared to incandescent lighting, SSL createsWesterhout 49 (563 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the giant HII region NGC 3603 which is about half as distant. Non-thermal radiation has been found which is believed to be from an old supernova remnantJames Thomson Bottomley (557 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
was an Irish-born British physicist. He is noted for his work on thermal radiation and on his creation of 4-figure logarithm tables, used to convertFlash burn (110 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
intense flashes of light, high voltage electric current, or strong thermal radiation. These may originate from, for example, a sufficiently large BLEVEThermosphere (2,908 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
below 0 °C (32 °F), at least at night, because the energy lost by thermal radiation would exceed the energy acquired from the atmospheric gas by directIvan Yarkovsky (204 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the 1970s, long after Yarkovsky's death, his work on the effects of thermal radiation on small objects in the Solar System (e.g., asteroids) was developedEinstein–Hopf drag (220 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
velocity-dependent drag force upon charged particles that are being bathed in thermal radiation. Jean-Pierre Vigier and Richard L. Amoroso (2002). Gravitation andRunaway greenhouse effect (4,623 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
atmosphere contains greenhouse gas in an amount sufficient to block thermal radiation from leaving the planet, preventing the planet from cooling and fromInfrared window (2,074 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
spectrum where there is relatively little absorption of terrestrial thermal radiation by atmospheric gases. The window plays an important role in the atmosphericAdvanced very-high-resolution radiometer (2,852 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
third one is located around 3.5 micrometres, and another two the thermal radiation emitted by the planet, around 11 and 12 micrometres. The first AVHRRAluminized cloth (285 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Aluminized cloth is a material designed to reflect thermal radiation. Applications include fire proximity suits, emergency space blankets, protectionEffect of radiation on perceived temperature (735 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Howell. Thermal Radiation Heat Transfer. New York: Taylor & Francis, 2002. Print. "The University of British Columbia." Thermal Radiation. N.p., n.dSelective surface (466 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
as low emissivity surfaces used in window glasses, which reflect thermal radiation and have high transmittance factors (being transparent) for visibleStony Run (Buffalo Creek tributary) (1,233 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
stream is impacted by nutrient pollution, sediment, E. coli, and thermal radiation. The watershed mostly consists of forested land and agricultural landYarkovsky effect (1,529 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of an object warmed by radiation (and therefore the intensity of thermal radiation from the object) lags behind changes in the incoming radiation. ThatDavid Louis Band (370 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
1980 and his Ph.D. Physics at Harvard in 1985 in the title of "Non-thermal Radiation Mechanisms and Processes in SS 433 and Active Galactic Nuclei", supervisedSentinel-3 (1,970 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
cover mapping Fire detection Weather forecasting Measuring Earth's thermal radiation for atmospheric applications Sentinel-3 makes use of multiple sensingThermal conduction (5,661 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
is the warming of the Earth by the Sun. A less obvious example is thermal radiation from the human body. A region with greater thermal energy (heat) correspondsMetal-mesh optical filter (3,287 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
equivalent power of cryogenic bolometers (detectors) by blocking excess thermal radiation outside of the frequency band of observation, and band-pass filtersPhotophoresis (1,768 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
kinds of particles may be due to differences in their absorptions of thermal radiation and other thermal effects collectively known as thermophoresis. InThermoception (899 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
blood flow on targeted prey. Dogs, like vampire bats, can detect weak thermal radiation with their rhinaria (noses). Other animals with specialized heat detectorsSaharan silver ant (974 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
antireflection layer that enhances the ants' ability to offload excess heat by thermal radiation, which is emitted from the hot body of the ants to the air. This passiveThermal infrared spectroscopy (277 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Measurement of thermal radiation emitted from materialsCosmic microwave background (13,172 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
mostly hydrogen. Unlike the plasma, these atoms could not scatter thermal radiation by Thomson scattering, and so the universe became transparent. KnownRenewable energy (15,578 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
gigawatt-hours of electricity per year. Earth emits roughly 1017 W of infrared thermal radiation that flows toward the cold outer space. Solar energy hits the surfaceSudarsky's gas giant classification (1,385 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
temperatures, a gas giant may glow red from thermal radiation but the reflected light generally overwhelms thermal radiation. For stars of visual apparent magnitudeRapid Run (Buffalo Creek tributary) (3,043 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
in the watershed are impacted by nutrients, sediment, E. coli, and thermal radiation and one unnamed tributary is designated as an impaired waterbody.Red heat (136 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Thermal radiation in visible light can be seen on this hot metalwork.Cosmic background radiation (514 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
stars" to be 5.6 K. 1926: Sir Arthur Eddington estimates the non-thermal radiation of starlight in the galaxy has an effective temperature of 3.2 K.OSO 3 (542 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
all-sky Laurence E. Peterson University of California, San Diego Thermal Radiation Emissivity near-Earth space environment Neel, Carr B Jr, NASA AmesOSO 3 (542 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
all-sky Laurence E. Peterson University of California, San Diego Thermal Radiation Emissivity near-Earth space environment Neel, Carr B Jr, NASA AmesTianwen-2 (858 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
payloads are being encouraged. Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer Thermal Radiation Spectrometer Multispectral Camera Medium Field Color Camera Detection(469372) 2001 QF298 (556 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
like Pluto. In 2012, the size of 2001 QF298 was estimated based on thermal radiation data obtained with the Herschel Space Telescope. The result was 408Calorescence (766 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
emission from the newly formed water molecules. That is, the heat is thermal radiation whose particular set of radiant frequencies is uniquely characteristicPirani gauge (1,167 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
T 0 ) / √ T 0 {\displaystyle E\propto P(T_{1}-T_{0})/\surd T_{0}} Thermal radiation E ∝ ( T 1 4 − T 0 4 ) {\displaystyle E\propto (T_{1}^{4}-T_{0}^{4})}Vanadium(IV) oxide (2,551 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
When heated from room temperature to 80 °C (353 K), the material's thermal radiation rises normally until 74 °C (347 K), before suddenly appearing to dropAlice Mary Stoll (1,099 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
again in 1946, working on temperature regulation and environmental thermal radiation. In 1953 she joined the Naval Air Development Center (NADC), whereQubic experiment (307 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
pulse tube coolers, to avoid contaminating the received signal with thermal radiation. The millimeter waves pass through a 45 cm polyethylene window inOpacifier (592 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
premature ignition in the grains where imperfections absorbing the thermal radiation are present. Carbon black is commonly used for this purpose; otherNeutron star (13,830 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
in the 1990s, a few nearby neutron stars that appear to emit only thermal radiation have been detected. Neutron stars in binary systems can undergo accretionStagnation temperature (578 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
frequently used to measure stagnation temperature, but allowances for thermal radiation must be made. Performance testing of solar thermal collectors utilizesNoise-equivalent temperature (271 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
temperature (NET) is a measure of the sensitivity of a detector of thermal radiation in the infrared, terahertz or microwave portions of the electromagneticSergei Rytov (913 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
simplified by Dirk Polder and Michael van Hove in 1971 to describe thermal radiation between closely spaced bodies. This led to the development of near-fieldSemiclassical physics (419 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
were infinitesimal. With this idea he showed that Planck's law for thermal radiation leads to the Rayleigh–Jeans law, the classical prediction (valid forWilhelm Wien (1,068 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
org including the Nobel Lecture, 11 December 1911 On the Laws of Thermal Radiation Wilhelm Wien on www.nobel-winners.com O'Connor, John J.; RobertsonActinometer (707 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Instrument for measuring thermal radiationUltra-high vacuum (3,060 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
field. Sample heating can be accomplished by electron bombardment or thermal radiation. For electron bombardment, the sample holder is equipped with a filamentPlanck constant (6,389 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
expression that accurately predicted the observed spectral distribution of thermal radiation from a closed furnace (black-body radiation). This mathematical expressionDuck and cover (13,650 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the skin from the thermal radiation with the flash light, similar in average emission spectrum/color to sunlight. The thermal radiation emits in the ultravioletOwens Valley Solar Array (1,376 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Sun. It is sensitive to both thermal radiation from the chromosphere and corona of the Sun, and to non-thermal radiation from high-energy electrons acceleratedExplorer S-1 (satellite) (952 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article
Cosmic Rays Micrometeorite Solar X-Ray and Lyman-Alpha Radiation Thermal Radiation Trapped Radiation and Solar Protons Explorer program ← Explorer 5Hoyt C. Hottel (639 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
bombs. He chaired the Armed Forces Special Weapons Project Panel on Thermal Radiation from 1949 to 1956. From 1956 to 1967 he chaired the National AcademyPhoton upconversion (2,192 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Upconversion on Composite Organic Lanthanide Molecules through Localized Thermal Radiation". The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 8 (23): 5695–5699. doi:10Nuclear strategy (921 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
massed in tight formation, while producing relatively little blast, thermal radiation, or radioactive fallout. Other technologies were so-called "suppressedObservational cosmology (4,318 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
PMID 17729659. Retrieved October 4, 2006. R. H. Dicke, "The measurement of thermal radiation at microwave frequencies", Rev. Sci. Instrum. 17, 268 (1946). ThisOptimal estimation (848 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Atmospheric Temperature and Composition From Remote Measurements of Thermal Radiation". Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics. 14 (4): 609. doi:10.1029/RG014i004p00609Oil heater (1,034 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
via conduction, and then to the surroundings via air convection and thermal radiation. The columns of oil heaters are typically constructed as thin finsPenrose process (912 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
process – An explanation for how quasars are powered Hawking radiation – Thermal radiation believed to be emitted by black holes due to quantum effects HighRoof garden (1,890 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
consumption.” Aside from rooftop gardens providing resistance to thermal radiation, rooftop gardens are also beneficial in reducing rain run off. A roofNuclear explosion (1,901 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
under water. The dominant effect of a nuclear weapon (the blast and thermal radiation) are the same physical damage mechanisms as conventional explosivesCooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (437 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
using geostationary and polar-orbiting weather satellite visible and thermal radiation observations to improve forecasts of severe storms, including tornadoesUltraviolet catastrophe (1,047 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
wesentliche Rolle?" [In which features of the light quantum hypothesis does thermal radiation play an essential role?]. Annalen der Physik. 341 (11): 91–118. Bibcode:1911AnPCarbon-dioxide laser (1,886 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
is ablated at temperatures as high as 5,000 °C, producing bright thermal radiation. The common plastic poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) absorbs IR lightMisty Picture (619 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Thermal Radiation Sources (TRS) are placed at varying distances from Ground Zero (GZ) to augment the blast and shock environment by providing thermalPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (4,235 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
developed the first cavity radiator for the practical generation of thermal radiation. Their measurements of the spectrum of the black-body radiation wereAZ Cancri (1,355 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
doi:10.1086/162239. Bookbinder, J. A. (1985). Observations of non-thermal radiation from late-type stars (Thesis). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University.Troposphere (2,466 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
surface of the Earth heats the troposphere by means of latent heat, thermal radiation, and sensible heat. The gas layers of the troposphere are less dense471143 Dziewanna (707 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
times over 6 oppositions and has an orbit quality of 1. In 2010, the thermal radiation of Dziewanna was observed by the Herschel Space Telescope, which allowedPaul Anton Cibis (2,603 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
D. V. L., Rose, H. W., & Cibis, P. A. (1955). OCULAR EFFECTS OF THERMAL RADIATION FROM ATOMIC DETONATION-FLASHBLINDNESS AND CHORIORETINAL BURNS (NoShockley diode equation (1,869 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
illumination, it applies also when the illumination is simply background thermal radiation, provided that a factor of 2 is then used for this incoming flux asFirestorm (6,943 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Unintentional-irony.blogspot.no. Retrieved 11 May 2016. Chris Cavanagh. "Thermal Radiation Damage". Holbert.faculty.asu.edu. Archived from the original on 16Hardtack Teak (1,188 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
above. The initial glow faded over a period of about 30 seconds. The thermal radiation output of the explosion was such that observers were forced to takeBolometer (2,135 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
resistance. By 1880, Langley's bolometer was refined enough to detect thermal radiation from a cow a quarter of a mile (400 m) away. This radiant-heat detectorHawking radiation (6,173 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
loss) and the radiation emitted by a black hole is probably the usual thermal radiation.[citation needed] If this is correct, then Hawking's original calculationInductive output tube (1,364 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
regularly exchanged and provided no freezing or corrosion protection. Thermal radiation from the cathode heats the grid. As a result, low-work-function cathodeDoctrine for Joint Nuclear Operations (631 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
blast (overpressure, dynamic pressure, ground shock, and cratering), thermal radiation (fire and other material effects), and nuclear radiation (initialBoPET (2,369 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
electrical insulating material Insulation for houses and tents, reflecting thermal radiation Five layers of metallized boPET film in NASA's spacesuits make themCorrespondence principle (2,117 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
be infinitesimal. With this idea, he showed that Planck's law for thermal radiation leads to the Rayleigh–Jeans law, the classical prediction (valid forCarbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere (10,469 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
temperature on Earth. The greenhouse effect is a process by which thermal radiation from a planetary atmosphere warms the planet's surface beyond theHeat capacity (2,778 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
well as its temperature. Thus, the smaller the black hole, the more thermal radiation it will emit and the more quickly it will evaporate by Hawking radiationFlare star (1,815 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
expands to the corona. Emission in the flash phase is primarily due to thermal radiation from the heated stellar atmosphere. As the material reaches the coronaRobert H. Dicke (2,385 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
129.3349.621. PMID 17735811. Dicke, RH (1946). "The measurement of thermal radiation at microwave frequencies". Review of Scientific Instruments. 17 (7):HD 141569 (1,051 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
observations done with the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS). Thermal radiation emitted by the warmed dust was observed in images taken in June 2016Operation Hardtack I (10,170 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the explosion it was found that besides the hazard of blindness, thermal radiation was another concern—even at an altitude of 76 kilometers (47 mi).M47 Dragon (1,806 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
electro-optical system mounted parallel to the sight visually receives thermal radiation (generally infrared) from a pyrotechnic system located on the tailAbsorption spectroscopy (2,582 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
measurements is often an environmental source, such as sunlight or the thermal radiation from a warm object, and this makes it necessary to distinguish spectralJoint Polar Satellite System (2,473 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Radiation Budget Instrument (RBI) would measure reflected sunlight and thermal radiation emitted by the Earth. The measurements of the RBI, which was to beUpshot-Knothole Encore (436 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
into the ground, 6,500 feet from ground zero. The initial release of thermal radiation ignited many of the trees, and the subsequent blast wave blew themLatent heat (2,520 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
thermodynamics. When a body is heated at constant temperature by thermal radiation in a microwave field for example, it may expand by an amount describedHorace Bénédict de Saussure (2,567 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
a well-insulated box with three layers of glass to trap outgoing thermal radiation produced the most heat. The highest temperature he reached was 230 °FPlanetary equilibrium temperature (2,279 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
temperatures of such planets are more accurately estimated by modeling thermal radiation transport through the atmosphere. On airless bodies, the lack of anyMaestro (software) (1,096 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
scientists to distinguish the different minerals on Mars based on their thermal radiation. The Microscopic Imager camera is attached the rover's arm and takesPit viper (1,654 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
George S. (1 August 2003). "Thermoregulation is the pits: use of thermal radiation for retreat site selection by rattlesnakes". Journal of ExperimentalWide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (7,593 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
– detect thermal radiation from the internal heat sources of sub-stellar objects like brown dwarfs Band 3 – 12 μm – detect thermal radiation from asteroidsAATSR (1,107 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
instrument. This calibration system ensures that measurements of thermal radiation from the Earth’s surface are properly calibrated and do not rely onSpectrophotometry (3,646 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
measurement is also challenging because virtually everything emits IR as thermal radiation, especially at wavelengths beyond about 5 μm. Another complicationDBm (1,084 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
power of a Ku band geostationary satellite 50 dBm 100 W Typical total thermal radiation emitted by a human body, peak at 31.5 THz (9.5 μm) Typical maximumClouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (2,131 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
reflected sunlight in 0.2–5 μm region, a channel to measure Earth-emitted thermal radiation in the 8–12 μm "window" or "WN" region, and a Total channel to measurePoynting–Robertson effect (1,448 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Radiation from a star (S) and thermal radiation from a particle seen (a) from an observer moving with the particle and (b) from an observer at rest withDental laser (1,332 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
tissue in excess of 5,000 °C, which often results in extremely bright thermal radiation. In September 2016, the Cochrane collaboration published a systematicBuilding insulation (6,830 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of non-insulative (particularly non-solar facing) glazing. Indoor thermal radiation can also be a disadvantage with spectrally selective (low-e, low-emissivity)Operation Plumbbob (1,916 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
materials, to test which materials provided best protection from the thermal radiation. As shown and reported in the PBS documentary Dark Circle, the pigsWilhelm Westphal (839 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität (FWU), where he researched thermal radiation and electric discharges in gases. During his time there, WestphalMarion Eppley (613 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
dealt with improvements in cadmium storage batteries, as well as thermal radiation instrumentation. He directed the Eppley Research Laboratory untilBioelectrodynamics (1,097 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
with intensity significantly higher than corresponds to emission by thermal radiation, was repeatedly reported by several authors over decades. These observationsChemtrail conspiracy theory (4,609 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
(September 1970). "Airborne Observations of Contrail Effects on the Thermal Radiation Budget". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 27 (6): 937–942. Bibcode:1970JAtSStassano furnace (868 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
produces heat which is transmitted to the material to be melted through thermal radiation heat transfer, which is why the furnace is referred to as an indirectGabriela Álvarez (engineer) (560 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
(October 2005), "Nusselt number for the natural convection and surface thermal radiation in a square tilted open cavity", International Communications in HeatChang-Lin Tien (1,207 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Professor". Tien was an expert in thermal science and researched on thermal radiation, thermal insulation, microscale thermal phenomena, fluid flow, phase-changeMarianus Czerny (805 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
insensitivity to infrared is an adaptation of the visual system to the thermal radiation of one's own blood, as Czerny showed in 1949. In 1972 he publishedPioneer 11 (3,324 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
colleagues determined the source of the anomaly to be asymmetric thermal radiation and the resulting thermal recoil force acting on the face of the PioneersWaste heat (2,622 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
cooling, which is a ubiquitous process of losing surface heat through thermal radiation. Instead of releasing waste heat into ambient air as conventionalSpectroscopy (4,615 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Time-stretch spectroscopy Thermal infrared spectroscopy measures thermal radiation emitted from materials and surfaces and is used to determine the type20000 Varuna (6,669 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
intrinsically emit thermal radiation at longer wavelengths due to their low temperatures. However, at long wavelengths, thermal radiation cannot pass throughObservational astronomy (3,375 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
wavelengths where the atmosphere is opaque, or to eliminate noise (thermal radiation from the atmosphere). Optical astronomy is the part of astronomy thatExergy (11,028 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and absorption in the atmosphere. While the emission spectrums of thermal radiation in engineering systems can vary widely as well. In determining theNOAA-21 (1,657 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
radiometer capable of measuring Earth's reflected sunlight and emitted thermal radiation. RBI was to fly on NOAA-21, but it experienced significant technicalAccretion disk (4,352 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
than the Shakura–Sunyaev thin disks. ADAFs emit a power-law, non-thermal radiation, often with a strong Compton component. Blurring of an X-ray sourceNOAA-21 (1,657 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
radiometer capable of measuring Earth's reflected sunlight and emitted thermal radiation. RBI was to fly on NOAA-21, but it experienced significant technicalBarbecue grill (3,328 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
causing it to emit infrared radiation by which the food is cooked. The thermal radiation is generated when heat from the movement of charged particles withinNuclear winter (22,624 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
relates to the likelihood of nuclear winter, the range of potential thermal radiation ignited fires was already reduced with miniaturization. For exampleView factor (1,149 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Intensity of thermal radiation from the sun depends on view factorAccretion disk (4,352 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
than the Shakura–Sunyaev thin disks. ADAFs emit a power-law, non-thermal radiation, often with a strong Compton component. Blurring of an X-ray sourceHoward O. McMahon (2,062 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
by a New Cryostat." The Nucleus, pp. 47, 51. H. O. McMahon (1950). Thermal Radiation from Partially Transparent Reflecting Bodies." Journal of the OpticalMars 96 (3,425 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
low energy absorption features in the spectra, and the study of the thermal radiation at the damping stage of the gamma-ray burst. EVRIS The EVRIS InvestigationsUpper Atmosphere Research Satellite (2,440 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
pressure and cloud ice. MLS looks 90° from the angle of UARS' orbit. Thermal radiation enters the instrument through a three-mirror antenna system. The antennaInfrared heater (2,963 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, Fl.: 2005. Siegel, Robert and Howell, John R.: Thermal Radiation Heat Transfer. 3rd Ed. Taylor and Francis, Philadelphia.D-brane (3,291 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
that a hole should emit energy with the characteristic spectrum of thermal radiation. The characteristic temperature of this Hawking radiation is givenFin (4,737 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Missile Aerodynamics, Sorrento, Italy. Siegel R and Howell JR (2002) Thermal Radiation Heat Transfer Archived 2023-12-16 at the Wayback Machine Chapter 9:Microwave radiometer (2,396 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Section: B, page: 1134. Dicke, R.H. (1946). "The measurement of thermal radiation at microwave frequencies" (PDF). Review of Scientific InstrumentsGamma-ray burst progenitors (2,862 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the sky. Of particular interest are mechanisms for producing non-thermal radiation by the gravitational field of rotating black holes, in the processDegree Angular Scale Interferometer (2,109 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
upside-down dome which served as a ground shield to minimise interfering thermal radiation from the earth. To avoid human exposure to the −60 °C (−76 °F) temperaturesWater cooling (4,311 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
same time allowing the surface to discharge its heat as infrared thermal radiation. Cooling pond Deep lake water cooling Free cooling Full immersionSolar cooker (4,030 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
transmits incoming visible sunlight but is opaque to escaping infrared thermal radiation. In resource constrained settings, a high-temperature plastic bagAufbau principle (3,070 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
2022. Sakho, Ibrahima (2019). Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 1: Thermal Radiation and Experimental Facts Regarding the Quantization of Matter. WileyAIM-9 Sidewinder (11,010 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
non-threatening targets (like bombers), only from behind (so it can lock on the thermal radiation from the target engines) and only with the sun behind or to the sideReaction engine (3,331 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
terms of accelerating the propellant. The rest is lost as heat and thermal radiation, primarily in the exhaust. Reaction engines are more energy efficientEntropic gravity (3,157 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
thermodynamics instead of fundamental interactions Hawking radiation – Thermal radiation believed to be emitted by black holes due to quantum effects ListRoyal Air Force roundels (4,411 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
blue flash, the same shades as the roundels, to reflect some of the thermal radiation from a nuclear explosion. The Royal Navy and Army do not use the finHydridonitride (1,709 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Mnatsakanyan, N.L; Harutyunyan, Kh.S; Hayrapetyan, V.S (January 2002). "Thermal-radiation synthesis of zirconium hydridonitrides and carbohydrides" (PDF). JournalWhite Sands Test Center (661 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
performs nuclear weapons effects testing and evaluation. They simulate thermal radiation from nuclear weapon detonations, provide high-energy pulsed field-emissionContact binary (small Solar System body) (3,191 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
S2CID 119245876. Ćuk, Matija; Burns, Joseph A. (August 2005). "Effects of thermal radiation on the dynamics of binary NEAs". Icarus. 176 (2): 418–431. Bibcode:2005IcarJohn L. Magee (chemist) (775 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article
ISSN 0008-4204. Landshoff, Rolf K. M.; Magee, John L., eds. (1969). Thermal Radiation Phenomena. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-8709-1. ISBN 978-1-4684-8711-4.Dudley Williams (physicist) (538 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
atomic bomb. The galvanometers he designed were used to measure the thermal radiation produced during the Trinity test in July 1945. He remained with LosGalileo (spacecraft) (5,008 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
the solar-plus-thermal and the solar-only channels gave the total thermal radiation emitted. The PPR also measured in five broadband channels that spannedInfrared and thermal testing (1,265 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
environmental conditions and the desired results. In infrared thermography, thermal radiation is detected and measured with infrared imagers, also known as thermographicMulti-junction solar cell (8,206 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
is evaluated to be 3.6, the value for GaAs. The incident absorbed thermal radiation Jth is given by Jrad with V = 0. (6) J t h = A exp ( − E g k T )Nuclear weapon yield (3,505 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
wave has formed, and 1.93 ms, before significant energy is lost by thermal radiation). Furthermore, he estimated a value for S numerically at 1. Thus,Feyzin disaster (907 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
shelter until the material burns itself out. BLEVE's produce intense thermal radiation from the fireball. This and blast damage from the bursting pressure(55638) 2002 VE95 (1,419 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
Space Telescope, using its PACS instrument to measure the object's thermal radiation, gave a mean diameter of 249.8+13.5 −13.1 km with a relatively highPost-perovskite (1,401 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
LHDAC experiments is the measurement of temperature from a sample's thermal radiation, which is required to obtain the pressure from the equation of state19-inch rack (5,095 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Low-wattage devices may not employ active cooling, but use only passive thermal radiation and convection to dissipate heat. For rack-mounted computer serversRadiosity (computer graphics) (2,670 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
state. The basic radiosity method has its basis in the theory of thermal radiation, since radiosity relies on computing the amount of light energy transferredNuclear famine (3,856 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
human fatalities would likely not be from blast effects, not from thermal radiation burns, and not from ionizing radiation, but, rather, from mass starvation"Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect (2,886 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and positive correlation if the light source is a filtered one-mode thermal radiation. The theoretical explanation of the difference between the correlationsCrookes radiometer (2,947 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
light, when black sides become cooler than the white ones due to the thermal radiation. Another incorrect theory was that the heat on the dark side was causingAstronomy (10,453 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
from space. Ultraviolet astronomy is best suited to the study of thermal radiation and spectral emission lines from hot blue stars (OB stars) that areAstronics Max-Viz (1,138 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
certified in 2003. It contained a single microbolometer to detect thermal radiation and was made of an exotic compound called Vanadium Oxide tuned toDog sense of smell (1,455 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
colder than their body temperature. This makes it more sensitive to thermal radiation. Dogs can thus detect even weak levels of warmth. Dogs are able toT in the Park 2016 (1,393 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
large number of casualties and people receiving a dangerous dose of thermal radiation. The 2015 event resulted in the traffic chaos, with claims of up toT in the Park 2014 (772 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
large number of casualties and people receiving a dangerous dose of thermal radiation. List of music festivals in the United Kingdom Owen Tonks (19 NovemberRussell's viper (4,340 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Bakken, G.S. (August 2003). "Thermoregulation is the pits: use of thermal radiation for retreat site selection by rattlesnakes". Journal of ExperimentalRadioisotope thermoelectric generator (7,108 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Radiation must be of a type easily absorbed and transformed into thermal radiation, preferably alpha radiation. Beta radiation can emit considerableList of unsolved problems in astronomy (3,241 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
information paradox and black hole radiation: Do black holes produce thermal radiation, as expected on theoretical grounds? If so—meaning black holes canNuclear bunker buster (3,114 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and its surroundings, to a fire hazard by reducing the range of thermal radiation with fuzing for subsurface bursts. Professors Altfeld and CimbalaSpray foam (2,524 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
insulation materials, such as spray foam insulation, are opaque to thermal radiation, like most solid materials. Convective heat transfer Heat which isRescue toboggan (867 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
with a windproof blanket. Heat reflective emergency blankets reflect thermal radiation and heating packs, hot water bottles, or electric blankets might beSahara (11,733 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
formation. The permanent absence of clouds allows unhindered light and thermal radiation. The stability of the atmosphere above the desert prevents any convectiveLow-Frequency Array (3,708 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
magnetic fields. The Sun is an intense radio source. The already strong thermal radiation of the 106 K hot solar corona is superimposed by intense radio burstsLaser induced white emission (3,778 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Yan, Chun-Hua (December 2014). "Photon energy upconversion through thermal radiation with the power efficiency reaching 16%". Nature Communications. 5List of measuring instruments (3,620 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
source, range: from about −50 °C to +4000 °C, note: measurement of thermal radiation (instead of thermal conduction, or thermal convection) means: no physicalLaser induced white emission (3,778 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Yan, Chun-Hua (December 2014). "Photon energy upconversion through thermal radiation with the power efficiency reaching 16%". Nature Communications. 5Coal Run (North Branch Buffalo Creek tributary) (1,106 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
is 2015. Streams in its watershed are also impacted by E. coli and thermal radiation. The stream and a number of others in Union County have been describedComputational fluid dynamics (8,609 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
species), non-reacting, and (unless said otherwise) compressible. Thermal radiation is neglected, and body forces due to gravity are considered (unlessSpectral flux density (2,589 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
use of the term 'hemispheric flux'. For example, an investigator of thermal radiation, emitted from the material substance of the atmosphere, received atMuddy Run (Spruce Run tributary) (1,210 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
sediment, Muddy Run is also affected by E. coli, nutrient pollution, and thermal radiation. In 2000, the load of sediment in Muddy Run was 526,669 pounds (238Breit–Wheeler process (2,362 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
high-energy laser at the inner surface of this hohlraum to create a thermal radiation field. They would then direct the photon beam from the first stageRadar (12,049 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
also generated by external sources, most importantly the natural thermal radiation of the background surrounding the target of interest. In modern radarNeutron bomb (6,667 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
bomb would produce a large blast wave and a powerful pulse of both thermal radiation and ionizing radiation in the form of fast (14.1 MeV) neutrons. TheMars Exploration Rover (9,727 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of rocks and soils from a distance by detecting their patterns of thermal radiation. It was specially tuned to look for minerals formed in water, likeJuno (spacecraft) (9,254 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
science mission, infrared and microwave instruments will measure the thermal radiation emanating from deep within Jupiter's atmosphere. These observationsBamnera (3,335 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
is experienced throughout the year on account of quick release of thermal radiation from the sandy soil soon after the dark. Climate is pleasant duringSense (10,728 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
moisture content of the environment. The ability to sense infrared thermal radiation evolved independently in various families of snakes. Essentially,Sukhoi Su-57 (15,281 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
cockpit by 30% and protect the pilot from the impact of ultraviolet and thermal radiation. The production tolerances are significantly tighter than previousIo (moon) (12,540 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
Martin, T.Z.; Barnard, L.; Travis, L.D. (2004). "Mapping of Io's thermal radiation by the Galileo photopolarimeter-radiometer (PPR) instrument". IcarusT in the Park 2015 (1,463 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
large number of casualties and people receiving a dangerous dose of thermal radiation. Ever since the announcement, concerns have been raised about theJet fire (615 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
which had been specified. Even without direct impingement, the high thermal radiation emitted by jet flames also affected plant and would have been fatalBoeing B-52 Stratofortress (19,404 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
painted with anti-flash white paint, which was intended to reflect the thermal radiation of a nuclear detonation. RB-52C The RB-52C was the designation initiallyOptical Telescope Element (2,860 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Sunshield will protect the OTE from direct sunlight and reduce the thermal radiation hitting it, but another aspect is the OTE's physical connection toHuman Shadow Etched in Stone (1,670 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
holder was scorched and rendered lighter than it originally was by the thermal radiation, except for the places where the valve handle blocked the radiationTimeline of cosmological theories (9,879 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of matter. 1897 – William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, based on the thermal radiation rate and the gravitational contraction forces, argues the age of theSecond law of thermodynamics (15,584 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
radiative fluxes. The energy and entropy of unpolarized blackbody thermal radiation, is calculated using the spectral energy and entropy radiance expressionsSabancaya (6,558 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
2022). "Shallow magma convection evidenced by excess degassing and thermal radiation during the dome-forming Sabancaya eruption (2012–2020)". BulletinSabancaya (6,558 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
2022). "Shallow magma convection evidenced by excess degassing and thermal radiation during the dome-forming Sabancaya eruption (2012–2020)". BulletinChelyabinsk meteor (8,414 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
rapid directional motion, the object causes stronger blast wave and thermal radiation pulses at the ground surface than would be predicted by a stationarySolar radio emission (9,175 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
S2CID 4119848. Pawsey, J. L. (November 1946). "Observation of Million Degree Thermal Radiation from the Sun at a Wavelength of 1.5 Metres". Nature. 158 (4018): 633–634Animal communication (9,831 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
number of different snakes have the ability to sense infrared (IR) thermal radiation, which allows these reptiles to derive thermal images from the radiantProcess safety (2,978 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and modeling of the vulnerability of people to the effect of fires (thermal radiation, smoke inhalation), explosion (blast overpressure, missiles, etc.)List of unsolved problems in physics (11,342 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
information paradox, and black hole radiation: Do black holes produce thermal radiation, as expected on theoretical grounds? Does this radiation contain informationQuantum-optical spectroscopy (2,044 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Richter, Marten; Chow, Weng W.; Knorr, Andreas (2010). "Antibunching of Thermal Radiation by a Room-Temperature Phonon Bath: A Numerically Solvable Model forList of scientific equations named after people (438 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Adhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-Venant Sakuma–Hattori equation Thermal radiation Fumihiro Sakuma and Susumu Hattori Sawada–Kotera equation Wave mechanicsGreenhouse gas emissions (16,069 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
in the infrared part of the spectrum (see Figure 1). Much of this thermal radiation emitted by the land and ocean is absorbed by the atmosphere, includingCretaceous–Paleogene extinction event (21,557 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
insufficient on their own to cause plant extinctions, and much of the thermal radiation generated by the impact would have been absorbed by the atmosphereClayton Sam White (2,509 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
designed to "calculate 28 different effects, ranging from blast to thermal radiation, initial nuclear radiation, early fallout, crater dimensions, andRadar MASINT (5,209 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Non-cooperative target recognition systems measure signature using acoustic and thermal radiation, radio emissions, radar techniques, etc. Comparing the measurements101955 Bennu (8,693 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Yarkovsky–O'Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack effect. Due to the uneven emission of thermal radiation from its surface as Bennu rotates in sunlight, the rotation periodMeanings of minor-planet names: 17001–18000 (539 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
"Slivan states", the discovery has led to a new understanding of thermal radiation forces on small bodies. JPL · 17215 17216 Scottstuart 2000 AK243 JosephSqueeze flow (1,680 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Analysis of the Squeezed Unsteady MHD Nanofluid Flow in the Presence of Thermal Radiation". Journal of Nanomaterials. 2022 (1): e1668206. doi:10.1155/2022/1668206Chandrasekhar's H-function (1,229 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Corporation, 2013. Howell, John R., M. Pinar Menguc, and Robert Siegel. Thermal radiation heat transfer. CRC press, 2010. Modest, Michael F. Radiative heat486958 Arrokoth (10,669 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of Arrokoth's unilluminated face as measured by REX implies that thermal radiation is emitted from Arrokoth's subsurface, which was predicted to be intrinsicallyThermal comfort (9,367 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
when their body is warmer than neutral. Large differences in the thermal radiation of the surfaces surrounding a person may cause local discomfort orClimate change denial (22,122 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Wijngaarden, W A; Happer, W (4 June 2020). "Dependence of Earth's Thermal Radiation on Five Most Abundant Greenhouse Gases". arXiv:2006.03098 [physicsAsteroid impact prediction (11,024 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(long-wavelength infrared), using an infrared telescope. The amount of thermal radiation given off by an asteroid together with the amount of reflected visibleParinacota (volcano) (9,687 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
increased solar radiation to reach the surface during daytime and more thermal radiation from the ground to escape to the top of the atmosphere during nightSeptember 1950 (6,869 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Post-Gazette, September 27, 1950, p1 Robert Siegel and John Howell, Thermal Radiation Heat Transfer (Taylor & Francis, 2002) p479 David Williams, SimplifiedArecibo Telescope (8,654 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
screen was also installed around the perimeter to block the ground's thermal radiation from reaching the feed antennas. As part of this upgrade the powerSuper-resolution microscopy (10,141 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
nitrogen-vacancy center, or super-resolution by Stimulated Emission of Thermal Radiation (SETR), which uses the intrinsic super-linearities of the Black-BodyEnergy harvesting (7,453 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Fang, J.; Frederich, H.; Pilon, L. (2010). "Harvesting nanoscale thermal radiation using pyroelectric materials". Journal of Heat Transfer. 132 (9):Chandrasekhar's X- and Y-function (1,359 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Corporation, 2013. Howell, John R., M. Pinar Menguc, and Robert Siegel. Thermal radiation heat transfer. CRC press, 2010. Modest, Michael F. Radiative heatSachiko Tsuruta (676 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Notices of Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 401, 2010, p. 2706–2714 "Thermal Radiation from Pulsars", in: K. Makishima (ed.), The Energetic Cosmos: SuzakuList of atmospheric dispersion models (6,008 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
simulating dispersion of toxics and particles. It can calculate impacts of thermal radiation from fires, overpressures from mechanical failures and explosionsALICE experiment (8,764 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Finally, the upgraded ITS will give us the chance to characterize the thermal radiation coming from the QGP and the in-medium modification of hadronic spectral