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Longer titles found: Refractive index and extinction coefficient of thin film materials (view), Refractive index contrast (view), Refractive index profile (view)

searching for Refractive index 103 found (3086 total)

alternate case: refractive index

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fields containing chemical and physical data (such as melting point, refractive index etc.) are available for each substance. References to the literature

effluent at a single or multiple wavelength. Refractive index detector. Continuously measures the refractive index of the effluent. The lowest sensitivity

is the nominal refractive index as a function of distance from the fiber axis, n 1 {\displaystyle n_{1}} is the nominal refractive index on axis, n 2 {\displaystyle

low scattering and high transparency alternative ways to change the refractive index were investigated. As a straightforward solution tapered fibers and

and vacuum (refractive index 1), and bounces off a material with index of refraction less than 1. For example, in X-rays, the refractive index is frequently

among the involved aspects. The factors that affect gloss are the refractive index of the material, the angle of incident light and the surface texture

short or if the lens or cornea is flatter than normal. Changes in refractive index of lens, alterations in position of the lens or absence of lens are

often the optical glasses are doped with La2O3 to improve the glass' refractive index, chemical durability, and mechanical strength. 3 B2O3 + La2O3 → 2

the formula (C2H4)(CH)4. It is a colorless, flammable liquid. Its refractive index is 1.475 (20 °C, D). It is one of two isomers of cyclohexadiene, the

tinged pineapple or pear. It is used in perfumery and as a solvent. The refractive index at 20 °C is 1.393. Because propyl propanoate is a low-odor, moderately

the formula (C2H4)(CH)4. It is a colorless, flammable liquid. Its refractive index is 1.475 (20 °C, D). It is one of two isomers of cyclohexadiene, the

appear broken and tilted at some angle α as shown in the figure, the Refractive Index of the rod can be given as : Cylindrical lenses are prescribed to correct

yellowish) that is soluble in alcohol and polar organic solvents. Its refractive index is 1.53.[citation needed] Syringaldehyde can be found naturally in

coating is the dielectric coating (i.e. using materials with a different refractive index to the substrate). These are constructed from thin layers of materials

Nd:YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet; Nd:Y3Al5O12) is a crystal that is used as a lasing medium for solid-state lasers. The dopant, neodymium

known for having devised, in 1937, an instrument for measuring the refractive index of glass. An expert in optical measurements, he published 109 papers

the calculated value. For measuring the real part of the nonlinear refractive index, the z-scan setup is used in its closed-aperture form. In this form

reflection and refraction, are expressed by the difference of the refractive index on both sides of the boundary, whereas reflectance and absorption are

refractive index does not change across the interface. The p-polarized wave, on the other hand, is refracted because the effective refractive index changes

aiding in its manufacture. Light can be confined in waveguides by a refractive index gradient. Light propagates in a core layer, surrounded by a cladding

medium 1 is typically a high refractive index glass coverslip, and medium 2 is the sample in solution with a lower refractive index. There may be immersion

nickel and titanium, on a smooth substrate. A single layer of high refractive index material (e.g. nickel) exhibits total external reflection at small

"Colossal" nonlinear change in refractive index is achievable in doped nematic-phase liquid crystals, that is the refractive index can change with illumination

chromatography system coupled in-line with appropriate light scattering and refractive index detectors. The advantage of ALS over conventional steady-state light

amount of technologies: 21 elements in 14 groups including 1 High Refractive Index (HRI), 3 Extra-low Dispersion (ED) and 2 aspherical lenses, Super Integrated

published in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces and the Refractive Index Database, the refractive index is 1.87 (k=0.79) for 532 nm wavelength. Rhodamine Rhodamine

results in relatively low and not well-defined values of its density and refractive index. Melanophlogite often overgrows crystals of sulfur or calcite and typically

generated by the addition of H2S to the related episulfide, CH3CHCH2S. Refractive index = 1.531-1.541 Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations

thermophoresis. In laser photophoresis, particles migrate once they have a refractive index different from their surrounding medium. The migration of particles

in science and industry for the measurement of small displacements, refractive-index changes, surface irregularities and the like. There are applications

calculated from this equation. The refractive index increment dn/dc characterizes the change of the refractive index n with the concentration c and can

and physical properties of materials, including optical sensors for refractive index measurement, vibrational sensors for fluid viscosity measurement, and

whether you or one of your colleagues might be willing to test it for refractive index and dispersion to determine whether my above supposition is correct

buick.com. Retrieved 2023-10-19. "Refractive index of Air - Ciddor". Smith, D. Y.; Karstens, W. (2010). "Refractive index of glass and its dispersion for

far the most common is the differential refractive index detector that measures the change in refractive index of the solvent. This detector is concentration-sensitive

never completely eliminated, by the use of a core having a graded refractive index profile. However, multimode graded-index fibers having bandwidths exceeding

proteins of vertebrate eye lens and maintains the transparency and refractive index of the lens. Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during

86.0 °C and melting point of −134.9 °C. Its density is 0.6934. The refractive index is 1.39092 at 20 °C. A method to produce 3,3-dimethylpentane is to

material is also proportional to the imaginary part of the material's refractive index n. Using the above definition of α {\displaystyle \alpha } (based on

distinguished from mosses in having unique complex oil bodies of high refractive index. Liverworts are typically small, usually from 2 to 20 mm (0.079 to

distinguished from mosses in having unique complex oil bodies of high refractive index. Liverworts are typically small, usually from 2 to 20 mm (0.079 to

86.0 °C and melting point of −134.9 °C. Its density is 0.6934. The refractive index is 1.39092 at 20 °C. A method to produce 3,3-dimethylpentane is to

of the holographic reflection (as in the Bragg reflector), either refractive index or spacing between the holographic fringes. The specificity of the

the difference between the waveplate's ordinary refractive index and extraordinary refractive index.: 95–96  This example assumes that the horizontal

colorless (larger particles), depending on particle size, shape, local refractive index, and aggregation state. These colors occur because of a phenomenon

semiconductor heterostructures. Their unique 1D configuration and high refractive index allow for low optical loss and recirculation in the active nanowire

spherical surfaces and a given object distance o, image distance i, and refractive index n, one can minimize spherical aberration by adjusting the radii of

proteins of vertebrate eye lens and maintains the transparency and refractive index of the lens. Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during

proteins of vertebrate eye lens and maintains the transparency and refractive index of the lens. Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during

Submerging the film in the gate in a liquid with a suitably matched refractive index reduces the effects of scratches on the film, by reducing the refractive

travelling through a medium of refractive index n1 incident on an interface with a second medium of refractive index n2 (with n1>n2) will be partially

detected via ultraviolet light absorption and/or interference optical refractive index sensitive system, monitored by light-sensitive diode array or by film

the refractive index which has to be considered in the optical design. A higher cooling rate corresponds to a larger decrease of the refractive index. A

only external measurement required is refractive index increment, which describes the change in refractive index with concentration. Cryoscopy and cryoscopic

increase image contrast by highlighting small details of differing refractive index.[citation needed] A range of objective lenses with different magnification

refractive index in the active region during intensity modulation. It is possible to evaluate the shift in wavelength by determining the refractive index

of Refraction: n = ns + ⁠dn/dc⁠⋅c n= Refractive Index ns = Refractive Index of Solvent dn/dc= Refractive Index Increment c= Concentrations of Dissolved

of the pressure. The fundamental consequence is the change of the refractive index of the liquid. A typical filter is composed of glass particles immersed

vigorous exercise. Hyaline casts are cylindrical and clear, with a low refractive index, so they can easily be missed on cursory review under brightfield microscopy

aperture than common lenses by filling the object space with a high-refractive-index solid material. SIL was originally developed for enhancing the spatial

internal reflection. The guiding occurs within a core of refractive index higher than refractive index of the surrounding material (cladding). The index change

introduction of patch antenna loaded with materials delivering negative refractive index. He and its other partners opined that the antenna suits perfectly

them. The star-effect or "asterism" is caused by the difference in refractive index between the host material and that of the dense inclusions of tiny

correlate density, thermal expansion coefficient, molar refraction, and refractive index with the concentration of structural units in numerous types of glass

FEMA 3913, JECFA 1372, FDA 332T8TH7B1); Density: 0.92-0.93 25 °C. Refractive Index: ~1.46 at 20.00 °C. MP: 12 °C BP: 161-162 °C. at 15.00 torr, 278-279 °C

polynomials and tables (derived from the polynomials) which relate the refractive index of solutions of pure sucrose, glucose, fructose and invert sugar to

possible using the naked eye. It is used in laboratories to measure the refractive index of flat specimens using the geometrical concepts of ray optics (Duc

to break up light into its constituent spectral colors because the refractive index depends on wavelength; the white light entering the prism is a mixture

used in laser technology. They are attractive here for their small refractive index nonlinearity. Rare-earth elements are popular dopants. One of the applications

a simple lens. The lens is a Gradient Refractive INdex (GRIN) particle determined by the 1/r refractive index profile established due to the point-source

temperature, pressure, and humidity. These disturbances change the air's refractive index, so that the light essentially passes through innumerable tiny prisms

through a diffractive medium with engineered 3D dispersive property (refractive index). The operation relies on symmetry of the dispersion profile and can

thereby giving the appearance of equivalent CH signals. Properties: refractive index n20/D 1.471(lit.) bp 138-140 °C(lit.) density 0.833 g/mL at 25 °C(lit

spectroscopy (PCS) or dynamic light scattering (DLS)), differential refractive index, electrophoresis, viscosity, and composition gradient multiangle light

properties (refractive index, dispersion) that can differ dramatically from those of bulk materials: perfect lenses, cloaking, and negative refractive index materials

the dense glass core (high refractive index) by constantly reflecting from the less dense cladding (lower refractive index). This happens because the

{\displaystyle Q_{ext}=Q_{abs}+Q_{sca}=Q_{sca}} in this derivation since the refractive index is assumed to be real, and thus there is no absorption ( Q a b s =

equipment. Polyphenyl ethers (PPEs) possess good optical clarity, a high refractive index, and other beneficial optical properties. Because of these, PPEs have

iNTA has a superior size resolution and gives access to the effective refractive index of the particles. While the above-mentioned techniques are best suited

filter. A high refractive index layer of the light reflected from its phase does not shift, The reflected light of the low refractive index layer whose phase

\left({\frac {\pi }{3}}-\alpha _{\rm {TIR}}\right)\right)} , where the refractive index n {\displaystyle n} to use for the angle α T I R = arcsin ⁡ ( 1 / n

phase. For the extraordinary polarization the tilt also changes the refractive index to the ordinary via a factor of cos θ, so combined with the path length

the speed of light in vacuum and n {\displaystyle n} is the cavity's refractive index. A basic FDML laser configuration – as shown in the figure – consists

choice of glass gives the mean refractive index, often written as n d {\displaystyle n_{d}} (for the refractive index at the Fraunhofer "d" spectral line

crystals that are typically smaller than 10 μm in size, which have a refractive index of less than 1.55. Under cross-polarized light, these crystals experience

{\bar {n}}_{2}} and I {\displaystyle I} are linear refractive index, second order refractive index and intensity of propagating laser field respectively

2 I ( z ) {\displaystyle n_{2}I(z)} is the nonlinear change in the refractive index, one easily recognizes the B integral to be the total on-axis nonlinear

air and the refractive index has a low value of 1. However, when the humidity increases, the air is replaced by water and the refractive index increases

Thermal changes along the optical fibre cause a local variation in the refractive index, which in turn leads to the inelastic scattering of the light propagating

influence the actual shape of the voxel are the laser mode and the refractive-index mismatch between the resist and the immersion system leading to spherical

and Z for direction, and alpha, beta, and gamma in magnitude of the refractive index. These axes can be determined from the appearance of a crystal in a

manipulating the laser focus and path to create circuit lines by altering the refractive index of the material along that path, thereby producing waveguides). This

G60-G20). As measurements of specular gloss depend largely on the refractive index of the material being measured 20° gloss will change more noticeably

and August Kundt. Sellmeier's model implied a relation between the refractive index of a material and the light that passes through this material, which

department of Applied Mathematics. Her PhD thesis, titled Gradient refractive index optics and image quality in the rat eye, was completed under the supervision

structure has the desired characteristics in terms of thickness (t), refractive index (n) and extinction coefficient (k), for suitable device behavior. For

on spectroscopy and defended his thesis in 1913. He calculated the refractive index of water for long wavelength electromagnetic waves using total internal

resonators have been used for the synthesis of left-handed and negative refractive index media, where the necessary value of the negative effective permeability

the anode or cathode depending on their charges. The change in the refractive index at the boundary of the separated compounds is detected using schlieren

globose and thick-walled, holding a single, large oil droplet of high refractive index. As the result of incomplete budding where cells remain attached after

nanodiamond–polymer composite grating with unprecedented slow-neutron refractive index modulation amplitude". Applied Physics Letters. 124 (7): 071901. Bibcode:2024ApPhL

usually results in a change in the birefringence, and not simply the refractive index of the medium. In a Kerr cell, the change in birefringence is proportional

thickness in optical mineralogy. This relief is caused by variations in refractive index of minerals. Fracture Type of fracture and fracture pattern. Shape