Find link

language:

Find link is a tool written by Edward Betts.

searching for Rama I 104 found (722 total)

alternate case: rama I

La tiang (145 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the Kap He Chom Khrueang Khao Wan poem composed during the reign of King Rama I by the crown prince who later became King Rama II. It comprises shrimp,

Rama I Government (665 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Rama I Government 65th Government of Albania 2013‒2017 Date formed 15 September 2013 (2013-09-15) Date dissolved 13 September 2017 (2017-09-13) People

Rama I Road (339 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Rama I Road (Thai: ถนนพระรามที่ 1, RTGS: Thanon Phra Ram Thi Nueng; usually shortened to ถนนพระราม 1) is a road in Bangkok. It starts from the end of Bamrung

Khanom khai hong (295 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

during the early Rattanakosin Kingdom, the King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) was a person who liked to eat water monitor eggs. But at one time, it was

Siam Square (1,353 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Bangkok, Thailand. The square is located at the corner of Phayathai Road and Rama I Road and is owned by Chulalongkorn University, managed by its Property Management

Santichaiprakarn Park (252 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Phra Sumen Fort, built during the reign of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) since early Rattanakosin era, and the district's last mangrove apples,

Bamrung Mueang Road (319 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

and running eastward to Khlong Phadung Krung Kasem. It continues on as Rama I Road after crossing Kasat Suek Bridge. It was the main thoroughfare as the

Siam area (1,019 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Bangkok, the capital of Thailand. It is situated alongside a stretch of Rama I Road in the city's Pathum Wan District, from Pathum Wan Intersection to

Bang Luang Mosque (286 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Rattanakosin period (approx. 1784) during the reign of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) by a Muslim merchant named "To Yi" (โต๊ะหยี). The mosque is decorated with

Buriram (813 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Buildings and landmarks Lower Northeastern Cultural Centre The Monument of King Rama I Khao Kradong Forest Park Kradong Reservoir Huai Talat Reservoir and Buri

Sukhumvit Line (1,884 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

to Khu Khot in Lam Luk Ka District in Pathum Thani, and eastwards along Rama I, Phloen Chit and Sukhumvit Roads, through Bang Na District to Kheha Station

Wat Chana Songkhram (391 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

middle of paddy field), later the reign of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I), Prince Maha Sura Singhanat (the king younger brother) granted Mon people

MBK Center (458 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

in Pathum Wan District, on the southwest corner of the intersection of Rama I Road and Phaya Thai Road. It is close to Siam Square, which can be reached

Guan Yu Shrine, Khlong San (347 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the second one was brought in the reign of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) of Rattanakosin Kingdom and the third one was brought into the reign of

Phloen Chit Road (316 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the Maenam railway branch line, forming a continuation of the westward Rama I Road and then itself continuing on to the east as Sukhumvit Road. It serves

Sword of Victory (549 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Chao Phraya Uthai Phubet who ruled presented it to Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) of Thailand, his suzerain at the time. According to legend, it was said

Wat Rakhangkhositaram (386 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

scriptures at the temple. During the reign of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I), a melodious rakhang or bell was found in the temple compound. The king

Ratchaprasong (1,149 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the BTS Skytrain's Chit Lom Station and the intersection of Phloen Chit, Rama I, and Ratchadamri Roads. The area is home to many shopping malls and hotels

Bangkok Noi district (1,465 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

was originally called Wat Thong and dates back to Ayutthaya times. King Rama I had the temple restored and renamed it to its present name. It was a royal

Kasat Suek (496 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

intersection between Rama I, Krung Kasem, and Bamrung Mueang Roads, considered to be the end of Bamrung Mueang and the beginning of Rama I. It takes its name

Siam Paragon (806 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

entrance from the Siam BTS station, were shut down. Siam Paragon is on Rama I Road in Pathum Wan District, adjacent to other shopping areas. It is next

Sukhumvit Road (621 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Road (Highway 4). Sukhumvit Road begins in Bangkok, as a continuation of Rama I and Phloen Chit Roads which span Pathum Wan District. Starting from where

Siam InterContinental Hotel (174 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

InterContinental Hotel was a luxury hotel in Bangkok, Thailand. It stood on Rama I Road, in the neighbourhood now known as Siam in Pathum Wan District, on

Saphan Han (921 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Rattanakosin (present-day Bangkok) in the reign of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I). At that time Saphan Han was a bridge made of a single plank for people

History of Bangkok (3,414 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

established himself as king, later to be known as Phutthayotfa Chulalok or Rama I. Rama I re-established the capital on the more strategic east bank of the river

Patani (historical region) (3,717 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

1767, the Sultanate of Patani gained full independence, but under King Rama I, it again came under Siam's control. In recent years, a secessionist movement

Tirthankara (2,559 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Vasishta, Chapter 15 of Vairagya Khanda, Sloka 8, gives the saying of Rama: I am not Rama. I have no desire for material things. Like Jina I want to establish

Ramatha (129 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

of Lydda and Rama, the titular of which was generally called Bishop of Rama, i.e. of Ramla, a town near Lydda, but more populous than the latter. Later

Rama IX Road (430 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

1946–2016). It is regarded as one of the Rama Series Road, consisting of Rama I, Rama II, Rama III, Rama IV, Rama V, Rama VI, and Rama IX is the last. The

Kudi Charoenphat (273 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

perception, it was built during the reign of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) by Phraya Chula Ratchamontri II (Akayi) since early Rattanakosin era. The

Phaya Thai Road (1,845 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

District, where it intersects with Rama IV Road. Between Victory Monument and Rama I Road, Phaya Thai Road runs directly below the Sukhumvit Line of the BTS

Emblem of Thailand (3,337 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

uses the arms as its official seal. In 1782, King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) established the Chakri dynasty with a new capital city at Bangkok. A symbol

Rama II Government (452 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

PDIU, PAA, LZHK, PBDNJ Opposition leader Lulzim Basha History Election 2017 election Predecessor Rama I Government Successor Rama III Government

Campus of Chulalongkorn University (1,585 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

campus's central feature. The university owns most of the land bounded by Rama I Road to the north, Henri Dunant Road to the east, Rama IV Road to the south

CentralWorld (2,039 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

CentralWorld Avenue is a six-lane road that circles the complex. It links Rama I Road and Ratchadamri road together. Central Department Store – Previously

Rear Palace (334 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Rear Palace Appointed by Reign Anurak Devesh Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) circa 1782–1806

List of villages of Buriram (465 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Buildings and landmarks Lower Northeastern Cultural Centre The Monument of King Rama I Khao Kradong Forest Park Kradong Reservoir Huai Talat Reservoir and Buri

Phra Nakhon district (795 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

was built. In 2005 the riverfront of the Phra Nakhon District, from King Rama I Bridge (Memorial Bridge) in the south to the Wasukri Pier (Dusit district)

Siam Center (196 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Siam Center Siam Center Location Rama I Road, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, Thailand Coordinates 13°44′47″N 100°31′57″E / 13.74639°N 100.53250°E / 13.74639;

Chakraphong Mosque (328 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Sanam Luang. This mosque dating back to the King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I)'s reign during the early Rattanakosin period. It was built by war captives

Rattanakosin Island (394 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

among other places of historical significance. King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) founded the city as the capital of his new Rattanakosin Kingdom in 1782

Thanon Tok (500 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

migrated from Java or Malay since the reign of King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) in the early Rattanakosin (18th century). In addition, Thanon Tok is also

Police General Hospital (267 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

status and renamed Police General Hospital and was allocated a site on Rama I Road in the grounds of the Royal Thai Police Headquarters. In 1979, the

Ramathaim-Zophim (830 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article

Translated by G.S.P. Freeman-Grenville. Jerusalem: Carta. p. 183 (s.v. Rama [I]). ISBN 965-220-500-1. OCLC 937002750. Ministry of Tourism, Government

Roman Catholic Diocese of Pinheiro (187 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Ricardo Pedro Paglia, M.S.C. (16 Oct 1979 – 17 Oct 2012) Retired Elio Rama, I.M.C. (17 Oct 2012–present) Guido Maria Casullo (1963-1965), appointed Prelate

Wat Amarinthraram (407 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

monastery. In the early Rattanakosin period, the King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) gave the name to the Wat Amarinthraram (Śakra temple) which remains today

Maen Si (429 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Rattanakosin (presently Bangkok) since the reign of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I), there's evidence that "Trok Thawai" (ตรอกทวาย; Thawai is Tavoy in Thai)

Tri Phet Road (401 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

construction of a Memorial Bridge including King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) Statue that are directly on the end of the Tri Phet Road. Although it is

Sofer (1,289 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Tzitzit), though before Mishneh Torah, their standard was based on the Rama, i.e. Rabbi Meir ben Todros HaLevy Abulafia. Forming the basis for the discussion

Tha Chang, Bangkok (697 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

is elephant), it was built in the reign of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I), who was the first monarch of Chakri Dynasty and the founder of Rattanakosin

Berisha II Government (184 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

government Opposition parties PS, PBDNJ Opposition leader Edi Rama History Election 2009 election Predecessor Berisha I Government Successor Rama I Government

Laban (Bible) (1,121 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article

words here, using arami in two senses – as both arami, "an Aramean", and rama′i, "a deceiver", since Laban cheated Jacob (Genesis Rabbah 70:19). In this

Tha Tian Market (779 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

took place on the Tha Tian market. (Dailynews, 2014) During the reign of Rama I till Rama IV (1782–1868), Thais were still considered as the social members

Muangthalang School (216 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

up as male soldiers and rallying Siamese troops during the reign of King Rama I—the first king of Chakri dynasty. Name : Muangthalang School, MT(abbr.)

Chachoengsao (517 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

fourth class city under the ministry of defence. During the reign of King Rama I, it was attached to the ministry of the interior. Until the reign of King

Khlong Phadung Krung Kasem (323 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

city today known as Bangkok) was founded by King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) in 1782, it was set within fortified walls, and Khlong Rop Krung was constructed

Wat Bophit Phimuk (394 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Thonburi map in those days. Around 1781 during the King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I)'s reign, Prince Anurak Devesh who was a king's cousin renovated the entire

Capital punishment in Thailand (978 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Tra Sam Duang. This system was codified in 1805 during the reign of King Rama I. There were 21 different forms of capital punishment under the Law of the

Memorial Bridge (Bangkok) (569 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

Phutthayotfa Bridge (สะพานพระพุทธยอดฟ้า), after King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I), the first king of the Chakri dynasty. The name is more commonly shortened

Organization of the government of Thailand (2,724 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Rattanakosin Administrative Division in 1800 (Rama I) Rattanakosin Administrative Division in 1805 (Rama I) Rattanakosin Administrative Division in 1824

Torii (3,662 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

that was constructed in 1784 in front of the Devasathan shrine by King Rama I. During the reign of Rama II the swing ceremony was discontinued as the

Flag of Thailand (1,099 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

1782 – c. 1817 State and naval ensign decreed by Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) Red flag with a white chakra, presumably to represent the Chakri dynasty

HTMS Phutthayotfa Chulalok (186 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Thailand Name HTMS Phutthayotfa Chulalok Namesake King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) Builder Avondale Shipyard, Bridge City, Louisiana Laid down 27 April 1972

Edi Rama (6,642 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

2017. NOA Lajme (26 October 2016). "Follow Inaugurohet Liceu Artistik, Rama: "I dënuar" të jetë ekselent" (in Albanian). Rowland, Jacky (17 June 2004)

List of palaces in Bangkok (665 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Palace (Phra Ratchawang Bowon Sathan Phimuk) (built in the reign of King Rama I) – Residence of the "Rear Palace" or second vice king. It is now the site

Kanchanaburi (1,036 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

District. In the late 18th century, Kanchanaburi was established by King Rama I as a defensive outpost against possible Burmese attacks in what is now Lat

Immaculate Conception Church, Bangkok (418 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

while however construction soon continued. During the Bangkok era King Rama I invited the Portuguese traders to return in order to stimulate the economy

Rama Rahasya Upanishad (1,139 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

states Paul Deussen, is also known as Hanumadukta-Ramopanishad. Who is Rama I Think of that Rama Who lives in Ayodhya Who is decorated with gems Who sits

Chachoengsao province (1,346 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

fourth class city under the ministry of defence. During the reign of King Rama I, it was attached to the ministry of the interior. During the reign of King

Chief of the General Staff (Albania) (402 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article

on 18 March 2016. Retrieved 15 July 2016. "Arben Kingji Shef i Shtabit/ Rama i dërgon propozimin presidentit Begaj". vizionplus.tv (in Albanian). 2 August

Siam BTS station (402 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

between trains heading to Bang Wa and Kheha. The station is located on Rama I Road to the west of Pathum Wan intersection in the heart of Siam area. The

Boron trifluoride (1,848 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Organic Synthesis. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rb250. ISBN 0-471-93623-5. Mani, Rama I.; Erbert, Larry H.; Manise, Daniel (1991). "Boron Trifluoride in the Synthesis

Vijaya (bow) (642 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

subjugated thrice seven times (by Bhrigu's son). With that bow given to me by Rama I will contend in battle with the son of Pandu. I will, O Duryodhana, gladden

Windsor Palace (Bangkok) (1,029 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

Prince of Siam (Thailand). The palace was located on Sa Pathum Road (now Rama I Road) at the current location of Suphachalasai Stadium. Designed in Gothic

Administrative divisions of Thailand (4,017 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

classified as a definite province these days, back in the days of King Rama I, Nakhon Ratchasima was the very definition of a mandala province. For example

Council of Ministers (Albania) (1,104 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

64th Berisha II Government 17 September 2009 15 September 2013 1459 65th Rama I Government 17 September 2013 13 September 2017 1457 66th Rama II Government

Wat Suwannaram (731 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Phlapphla Chai) in today's Phlapphla Chai area. King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) bestowed the name Wat Suwannaram, indicating royal patronage. Until the

Silom Line (1,425 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

eastward from the National Stadium Station in Pathum Wan District over Rama I Road and interchanges with the Sukhumvit Line at Siam BTS station, then

Wat Thepthidaram (557 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

separating into two canals. From its beginning in King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I)'s reign, the canal had no name. Later, in the occasion of 200th anniversary

1809 (3,092 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

English noble and politician (b. 1722) September 7 Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I), King of Siam, founder of the Chakri dynasty of Thailand (b. 1737) Caroline

Sam Yot (619 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Grand Palace that was built since the reign of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) during early Rattanakosin period. This gate made of wood named "Pheutthibat"

Albania at the 2020 Summer Olympics (1,235 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article

PORTALB". "Shqipëria merr pjesë në Lojërat Olimpike "Tokyo 2020", kryeministri Rama i uron suksese sportistëve shqiptarë". 23 July 2021. "Briken Calja humb për

National Stadium BTS station (394 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Line in Pathum Wan District, Bangkok, Thailand. The station is located on Rama I Road to the west of Pathum Wan intersection, where the National Stadium

Nakhon Ratchasima (2,231 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

defeat the prince, who was executed in 1768. Thong Duang later became King Rama I of the kingdom, and Korat became his strategic stronghold on the northeastern

List of reportedly haunted highways (2,504 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

safe passage. Ratchaprasong, Thailand: the four-corners of Ratchadamri, Rama I, and Ploenchit Roads in downtown Bangkok surrounded by a bustling shopping

Trams in Bangkok (1,442 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

8 mi), Yot Se - Pratunam (around 1920s–1968) Ran from Kasat Suek Bridge on Rama I Road, passing National Stadium, Siam Square and turning at Ratchaprasong

Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall (1,005 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

history of the Chakri dynasty. The northern dome exhibits the picture of King Rama I leading his armies back to Thailand after defeating the Khmer and later

Open Balkan (1,760 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article

fruition and where it's heading". Euronews Albania. Retrieved 2023-04-17. Rama i përgjigjet Vuçiçit, retrieved 2021-08-14 Simić, Julija (11 October 2019)

Thai folklore (2,926 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Bangkok city Lak Mueang. The longer pillar is the Rama I original, the shorter was added by King Mongkut (Rama IV)

April 6 (5,581 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

capture a Royal Navy dispatch boat. 1782 – King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) of Siam (modern day Thailand) establishes the Chakri dynasty. 1793 – During

Golden Buddha (statue) (1,251 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

without attracting much attention. In 1801, King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) of Siam, after establishing Bangkok as a new capital city of the Kingdom

1993 Israeli municipal elections (1,142 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

al-Carum, Ajar, Asfiya, Araba, Kiryat Ono, Rosh Pina, Ramot HaShavim and Rama) I (Or Akiva, Get, Julas, Dalyat Al-Carmel, Herzliya, Yarcha, Kfar Manda,

Phra Sumen Road (624 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

named after the fort that was built since the King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I)'s reign, when he planted Bangkok to be the new capital in 1782. According

Bullet money (298 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

CE) Prasat Thong (1629-1656 CE) Narai (1656-1588 CE) Uthumphon (1758 CE) Rama I (1782-1809 CE) Rama II (1809-1824 CE) Rama III (1824-1851 CE) Rama IV (1851-1868

Amphawa district (1,154 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Amphawa: Queen Amarindra: Queen consort of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) and mother of King Buddha Loetla Nabhalai Luang Pradit Pairoh: traditional

Thai people (5,240 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

against each other in order to remain independent. The Chakkri dynasty under Rama I held the Burmese at bay, while Rama II and Rama III helped to shape much

Prime Minister of Albania (3,662 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article

and 4 days Democrat Berisha (I and II) 33 Edi Rama (born 1964) 11 September 2013 Incumbent 10 years, 9 months and 7 days Socialist Rama (I, II and III)

Siam Piwat (326 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Company Limited on 10 January 1959, to manage and develop 50 rai of land on Rama I Road to build the first international five-star hotel in Thailand, the Siam

Ramnathi (475 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article

the temple came to be known as Ramnathi. The name Ram-Nath equals Lord of Rama i.e. Shiva. In addition the temple has the idols of the Goddess Shanteri (Shantadurga)

Chinatowns in Asia (3,341 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

with smaller numbers of those of Cantonese and Hakka origin as well. Rama, I was the founder and the first monarch of the reigning House of Chakri of

Rong Mueang (435 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

area. The road runs parallel to the Bangkok railway station side to end at Rama I Road on the Kasat Suek bridge, a distance of about 900 metres (2,952 ft)

Government of Thailand (3,396 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the ruling house of Thailand founded by King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (or Rama I) in 1782. The monarchy and the royal family continues to command huge respect

Samsen Road (981 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

oldest church in Thailand. In the reigns of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) and King Nangklao (Rama III) of Rattanakosin kingdom, Christians Khmers

Guosa (1,839 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

like a verb. Compare the sentences mò wù mámbézè "I am a king" with mò rámá "I am well". There are several particles that modify the tense, aspect, and