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searching for Probability theory 73 found (2313 total)
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Bayesian probability
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Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-8126-9578-6. Jaynes, E.T. (2003). Probability Theory: The logic of science. C. University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-59271-0Skorokhod's representation theorem (242 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In mathematics and statistics, Skorokhod's representation theorem is a result that shows that a weakly convergent sequence of probability measures whoseKunita–Watanabe inequality (188 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In stochastic calculus, the Kunita–Watanabe inequality is a generalization of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality to integrals of stochastic processes. It wasMarcinkiewicz–Zygmund inequality (534 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Naukowe, Warsaw, 1964, pp. 233–259. Yuan Shih Chow and Henry Teicher. Probability theory. Independence, interchangeability, martingales. Springer-Verlag, NewMaximal ergodic theorem (190 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The maximal ergodic theorem is a theorem in ergodic theory, a discipline within mathematics. Suppose that ( X , B , μ ) {\displaystyle (X,{\mathcal {B}}Krylov–Bogolyubov theorem (421 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In mathematics, the Krylov–Bogolyubov theorem (also known as the existence of invariant measures theorem) may refer to either of the two related fundamentalEngelbert–Schmidt zero–one law (676 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The Engelbert–Schmidt zero–one law is a theorem that gives a mathematical criterion for an event associated with a continuous, non-decreasing additiveFree probability (682 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Entropy, ISBN 0-8218-2081-8 Mitchener, P.D. (2005) Non-Commutative Probability Theory, preprint Voiculescu, D. V.; Dykema, K. J.; Nica, A. Free random variablesNegative relationship (361 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In statistics, there is a negative relationship or inverse relationship between two variables if higher values of one variable tend to be associated withSpurious relationship (1,828 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In statistics, a spurious relationship or spurious correlation is a mathematical relationship in which two or more events or variables are associated butAntecedent variable (96 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In statistics and social sciences, an antecedent variable is a variable that cannot help to explain the apparent relationship (or part of the relationship)Wiener–Khinchin theorem (1,803 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In applied mathematics, the Wiener–Khinchin theorem or Wiener–Khintchine theorem, also known as the Wiener–Khinchin–Einstein theorem or the Khinchin–KolmogorovLog-t distribution (825 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
In probability theory, a log-t distribution or log-Student t distribution is a probability distribution of a random variable whose logarithm is distributedHellinger integral (111 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Kolmogorov integral. It is used to define the Hellinger distance in probability theory. Hellinger, E. (1909), "Neue Begründung der Theorie quadratischerHadwiger's theorem (519 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
In integral geometry (otherwise called geometric probability theory), Hadwiger's theorem characterises the valuations on convex bodies in R n . {\displaystyleHarald Bergström (570 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
1908 – 23 May 2001) was a Swedish mathematician, specializing in probability theory. Harald Bergström studied mathematics, physics and chemistry at theHalf-normal distribution (1,160 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
In probability theory and statistics, the half-normal distribution is a special case of the folded normal distribution. Let X {\displaystyle X} followFinitely generated group (977 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In algebra, a finitely generated group is a group G that has some finite generating set S so that every element of G can be written as the combinationInfluence of nonstandard analysis (653 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
analysis has been applied in a number of fields. "Radically elementary probability theory" of Edward Nelson combines the discrete and the continuous theoryLog-Cauchy distribution (1,297 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
In probability theory, a log-Cauchy distribution is a probability distribution of a random variable whose logarithm is distributed in accordance with aPath analysis (statistics) (1,021 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
In statistics, path analysis is used to describe the directed dependencies among a set of variables. This includes models equivalent to any form of multipleMarchenko–Pastur distribution (1,294 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Marchenko–Pastur law also arises as the free Poisson law in free probability theory, having rate 1 / λ {\displaystyle 1/\lambda } and jump size σ 2 {\displaystyleGleason's theorem (4,107 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
1007/s10701-015-9879-4. S2CID 126435. Wilce, A. (2021-08-10). "Quantum Logic and Probability Theory". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (SpringFreidlin–Wentzell theorem (405 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In mathematics, the Freidlin–Wentzell theorem (due to Mark Freidlin and Alexander D. Wentzell) is a result in the large deviations theory of stochasticPickands–Balkema–De Haan theorem (754 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The Pickands–Balkema–De Haan theorem gives the asymptotic tail distribution of a random variable when its true distribution is unknown. It is often calledLaplace principle (large deviations theory) (386 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
In mathematics, Laplace's principle is a basic theorem in large deviations theory which is similar to Varadhan's lemma. It gives an asymptotic expressionFree convolution (1,138 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of probability measures. Due to the non-commutative nature of free probability theory, one has to talk separately about additive and multiplicative freeXYZ inequality (257 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In combinatorial mathematics, the XYZ inequality, also called the Fishburn–Shepp inequality, is an inequality for the number of linear extensions of finiteKendall rank correlation coefficient (5,437 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In statistics, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient, commonly referred to as Kendall's τ coefficient (after the Greek letter τ, tau), is a statisticFeller's coin-tossing constants (360 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
23606797...−11 = 0.1406263... Feller, W. (1968) An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications, Volume 1 (3rd Edition), Wiley. ISBN 0-471-25708-7Glivenko–Cantelli theorem (2,512 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In the theory of probability, the Glivenko–Cantelli theorem (sometimes referred to as the fundamental theorem of statistics), named after Valery IvanovichContraction principle (large deviations theory) (258 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
In mathematics — specifically, in large deviations theory — the contraction principle is a theorem that states how a large deviation principle on one spaceLocal independence (364 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Within statistics, Local independence is the underlying assumption of latent variable models (such as factor analysis and item response theory models)Condorcet's jury theorem (1,756 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Condorcet's jury theorem is a political science theorem about the relative probability of a given group of individuals arriving at a correct decision.Wald–Wolfowitz runs test (1,061 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The Wald–Wolfowitz runs test (or simply runs test), named after statisticians Abraham Wald and Jacob Wolfowitz is a non-parametric statistical test thatVaradhan's lemma (318 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In mathematics, Varadhan's lemma is a result from the large deviations theory named after S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan. The result gives information on theFernique's theorem (230 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Fernique's theorem is a result about Gaussian measures on Banach spaces. It extends the finite-dimensional result that a Gaussian random variable has exponentialDawson–Gärtner theorem (256 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In mathematics, the Dawson–Gärtner theorem is a result in large deviations theory. Heuristically speaking, the Dawson–Gärtner theorem allows one to transportLeonid Levin (666 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
complexity, foundations of mathematics and computer science, algorithmic probability, theory of computation, and information theory. He obtained his master'sMichel Ledoux (300 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Michel Ledoux (born 1958) is a French mathematician, specializing in probability theory. He is a professor at the University of Toulouse. Ledoux receivedGutenberg–Richter law (1,501 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In seismology, the Gutenberg–Richter law (GR law) expresses the relationship between the magnitude and total number of earthquakes in any given regionDegree of truth (402 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
verification] To overcome the misconception, it makes sense to see probability theory as the preferred paradigm to handle uncertainty. In adjudicative processesList of lemmas (525 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
This following is a list of lemmas (or, "lemmata", i.e. minor theorems, or sometimes intermediate technical results factored out of proofs). See also listLukacs's proportion-sum independence theorem (258 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In statistics, Lukacs's proportion-sum independence theorem is a result that is used when studying proportions, in particular the Dirichlet distributionReversible diffusion (250 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In mathematics, a reversible diffusion is a specific example of a reversible stochastic process. Reversible diffusions have an elegant characterizationWendel's theorem (255 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
In geometric probability theory, Wendel's theorem, named after James G. Wendel, gives the probability that N points distributed uniformly at random onMind projection fallacy (428 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
quantum mechanics. He described the fallacy as follows: [I]n studying probability theory, it was vaguely troubling to see reference to "gaussian random variables"Lukacs's proportion-sum independence theorem (258 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In statistics, Lukacs's proportion-sum independence theorem is a result that is used when studying proportions, in particular the Dirichlet distributionJessen–Wintner theorem (94 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In mathematics, the Jessen–Wintner theorem, introduced by Jessen and Wintner (1935), asserts that a random variable of Jessen–Wintner type, meaning theNeutral vector (596 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In statistics, and specifically in the study of the Dirichlet distribution, a neutral vector of random variables is one that exhibits a particular typeGerd Gigerenzer (2,566 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
limited time and knowledge. He proposes that, in an uncertain world, probability theory is not sufficient; people also use smart heuristics, that is, rulesBasu's theorem (867 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In statistics, Basu's theorem states that any boundedly complete and sufficient statistic is independent of any ancillary statistic. This is a 1955 resultAmir Dembo (386 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
1958, Haifa) is an Israeli-American mathematician, specializing in probability theory. He was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2022Leopold Schmetterer (118 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Leopold Karl Schmetterer (8 November 1919 in Vienna – 23 August 2004 in Gols) was an Austrian mathematician working on analysis, probability, and statisticsVacant Places (1,197 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
vacant places. The principle of vacant places follows from conditional probability theory, which is based on Bayes' theorem. For a good background to bridgeDan-Virgil Voiculescu (244 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
K-theory and von Neumann algebras. More recently, he developed free probability theory. Voiculescu studied at the University of Bucharest, receiving hisVariation (386 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
analysis, a family of seminorms of functions Coefficient of variation in probability theory and statistics, a standardized measure of dispersion of a probabilityIndifference (162 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
graph describing consumer preferences Principle of indifference, in probability theory, a rule for assigning epistemic probabilities A song on the band PearlLévy's modulus of continuity theorem (218 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Lévy's modulus of continuity theorem is a theorem that gives a result about an almost sure behaviour of an estimate of the modulus of continuity for WienerFuzzy pay-off method for real option valuation (938 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
similar to the probability theory based Datar–Mathews method for real option valuation, but the method is not based on probability theory and uses fuzzyCramér–Wold theorem (479 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In mathematics, the Cramér–Wold theorem or the Cramér–Wold device is a theorem in measure theory and which states that a Borel probability measure on RKurt Johansson (mathematician) (547 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
Johansson (born 1960) is a Swedish mathematician, specializing in probability theory. Johansson received his PhD in 1988 from Uppsala University underFree independence (688 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(non-commutative) probability spaces. In the context of Voiculescu's free probability theory, many classical-probability theorems or phenomena have free probabilityRiemann–Stieltjes integral (2,823 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In mathematics, the Riemann–Stieltjes integral is a generalization of the Riemann integral, named after Bernhard Riemann and Thomas Joannes Stieltjes.Factorial code (558 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Most real world data sets consist of data vectors whose individual components are not statistically independent. In other words, knowing the value of anConvection–diffusion equation (2,738 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The convection–diffusion equation is a parabolic partial differential equation that combines the diffusion and convection (advection) equations. It describesFactorial code (558 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Most real world data sets consist of data vectors whose individual components are not statistically independent. In other words, knowing the value of anCollider (statistics) (475 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
In statistics and causal graphs, a variable is a collider when it is causally influenced by two or more variables. The name "collider" reflects the factGotthilf Hagen (1,638 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
important contributions to fluid dynamics, hydraulic engineering and probability theory. Hagen was born in Königsberg, East Prussia (Kaliningrad, Russia)Leftover hash lemma (588 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The leftover hash lemma is a lemma in cryptography first stated by Russell Impagliazzo, Leonid Levin, and Michael Luby. Given a secret key X that has nBartlett's theorem (134 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In queueing theory, Bartlett's theorem gives the distribution of the number of customers in a given part of a system at a fixed time. Suppose that customersStatistics Online Computational Resource (289 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
learning and teaching concepts in data science, statistical analysis and probability theory. The SOCR resources are platform agnostic based on HTML, XML and JavaRadha Laha (1,298 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
probabilist, statistician, and mathematician, known for his work in probability theory, characteristic functions, and characterisation of distributions.