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searching for Probability distribution 64 found (2122 total)

alternate case: probability distribution

Quantal response equilibrium (1,129 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

player's payoffs are computed based on beliefs about other players' probability distribution over strategies. In equilibrium, a player's beliefs are correct

Sequential equilibrium (353 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

for each information set of the game belonging to the player, a probability distribution on the nodes in the information set. A profile of strategies and

Recursive Bayesian estimation (1,162 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

probabilistically. The probability distribution associated with the predicted state is the sum (integral) of the products of the probability distribution associated

Recursive Bayesian estimation (1,162 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

probabilistically. The probability distribution associated with the predicted state is the sum (integral) of the products of the probability distribution associated

Ambiguity aversion (1,858 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

ambiguity-averse individual would rather choose an alternative where the probability distribution of the outcomes is known over one where the probabilities are unknown

Buddhabrot (1,577 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

The Buddhabrot is the probability distribution over the trajectories of points that escape the Mandelbrot fractal. Its name reflects its pareidolic resemblance

Empirical Bayes method (2,737 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

methods are procedures for statistical inference in which the prior probability distribution is estimated from the data. This approach stands in contrast to

Bachelier model (446 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Model"). One early criticism of the Bachelier model is that the probability distribution which he chose to use to describe stock prices allowed for negative

Regular conditional probability (1,438 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

on the outcome of a random variable. The resulting conditional probability distribution is a parametrized family of probability measures called a Markov

Torino scale (1,721 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the close approach distance. Assuming a two-dimensional Gaussian probability distribution in the plane perpendicular to the asteroid's orbit (the B-plane)

Subjective expected utility (788 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

particular, it posits that decision-makers have 1) a subjective probability distribution over uncertain states of the world; and 2) a utility function over

Omega ratio (862 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

}^{\theta }F(r)\,dr}},} where F {\displaystyle F} is the cumulative probability distribution function of the returns and θ {\displaystyle \theta } is the target

Gibbs measure (1,884 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

number and cannot be used in the traditional construction of the probability distribution of a canonical ensemble. Traditional approaches in statistical

Hyperparameter (Bayesian statistics) (493 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

value for a given hyperparameter, or one can iterate and take a probability distribution on the hyperparameter itself, called a hyperprior. One often uses

Law of averages (807 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Typical applications also generally assume no bias in the underlying probability distribution, which is frequently at odds with the empirical evidence. The gambler's

Palermo scale (2,229 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the close approach distance. Assuming a two-dimensional Gaussian probability distribution in the plane perpendicular to the asteroid's orbit (the B-plane)

Zocchihedron (441 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Zocchihedron is the trademark of a 100-sided die invented by Lou Zocchi, which debuted in 1985. Unlike other polyhedral dice, it takes the appearance of

Autochem (370 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

understand the biases it is useful to compare observations using probability distribution functions. Such an analysis is available on line at PDFCentral

Quantum t-design (2,477 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

is a probability distribution over either pure quantum states or unitary operators which can duplicate properties of the probability distribution over

Summed-area table (1,477 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

multi-dimensional probability distribution functions, namely in computing 2D (or ND) probabilities (area under the probability distribution) from the respective

Entropy estimation (1,415 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

alphabet of the probability distribution. The histogram approach uses the idea that the differential entropy of a probability distribution f ( x ) {\displaystyle

Canonical (603 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

statistical mechanics, is a statistical ensemble representing a probability distribution of microscopic states of the system Canonical quantum gravity,

Blotto game (1,268 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

dimensions for three battlefields) and a mixed strategy is thus a probability distribution over a continuous set. The game is a rare example of a non trivial

Treap (3,214 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

keys, the shape of the tree is a random variable with the same probability distribution as a random binary tree; in particular, with high probability its

Poisson wavelet (1,541 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

integers, the members of which are associated with the Poisson probability distribution. These wavelets were first defined and studied by Karlene A. Kosanovich

Product of experts (392 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

of experts (PoE) is a machine learning technique. It models a probability distribution by combining the output from several simpler distributions. It

Signal-to-quantization-noise ratio (531 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

requires ν = log 2 ⁡ N {\displaystyle \nu =\log _{2}N} bits. The probability distribution function (PDF) represents the distribution of values in x {\displaystyle

Rank product (523 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

573:83–-92 Eisinga, R.; Breitling, R.; Heskes, T. (2013). "The exact probability distribution of the rank product statistics for replicated experiments". FEBS

Residual time (1,148 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In the theory of renewal processes, a part of the mathematical theory of probability, the residual time or the forward recurrence time is the time between

Generative topographic map (746 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

adding noise in that space. The parameters of the low-dimensional probability distribution, the smooth map and the noise are all learned from the training

Unscented transform (3,726 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

estimate the result of applying a given nonlinear transformation to a probability distribution that is characterized only in terms of a finite set of statistics

Markov kernel (2,052 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In probability theory, a Markov kernel (also known as a stochastic kernel or probability kernel) is a map that in the general theory of Markov processes

Cumulative prospect theory (610 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

prospect theory is that weighting is applied to the cumulative probability distribution function, as in rank-dependent expected utility theory but not

List of circle topics (2,408 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

polynomials von Mises distribution – Probability distribution on the circle Wigner semicircle distribution – Probability distribution Wrapped distribution Wrapped

Studentized range (655 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

distributed random variables that are normally distributed, the probability distribution of their studentized range is what is usually called the studentized

Probability amplitude (3,522 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

experiment, electrons are fired randomly at two slits, and the probability distribution of detecting electrons at all parts on a large screen placed behind

Restricted maximum likelihood (455 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

from the data, and the likelihood function is calculated from the probability distribution of these contrasts, according to the model for the complete data

Fitness model (network theory) (863 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

increasing function of η i {\displaystyle \eta _{i}} , then the probability distribution P ( k ) {\displaystyle P(k)} is given by P ( k ) = ρ ( η ( k )

Gaussian quantum Monte Carlo (168 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

variables occur and any quantum state can be expressed as a real probability distribution. Corney, J. F.; Drummond, P. D. (2004-12-20). "Gaussian Quantum

Sunrise problem (861 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Laplace represented this prior ignorance by means of a uniform probability distribution on p. For instance, the probability that p is between 20% and 50%

Lindy effect (1,696 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the Lindy effect corresponds to lifetimes following a Pareto probability distribution. The concept is named after Lindy's delicatessen in New York City

Isotropic position (246 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

learning, the theory of computation, and random matrix theory, a probability distribution over vectors is said to be in isotropic position if its covariance

Anderson localization (2,052 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

_{0}} localized at the origin, one is interested in how fast the probability distribution | ψ | 2 {\displaystyle |\psi |^{2}} diffuses. Anderson's analysis

Spectral expansion solution (176 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

expansion solution method is a technique for computing the stationary probability distribution of a continuous-time Markov chain whose state space is a semi-infinite

Gaussian fixed point (112 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

free field theory. The word Gaussian comes from the fact that the probability distribution is Gaussian at the Gaussian fixed point. This means that Gaussian

Random geometric graph (2,603 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

placing N nodes in some metric space (according to a specified probability distribution) and connecting two nodes by a link if and only if their distance

Confidence region (1,284 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

values lie inside the region, since we do not assume any particular probability distribution of the "true" values and we may or may not have other information

Wendel's theorem (255 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

contained in the convex hull of the N points and holds for any probability distribution on Rn that is symmetric around the origin. In particular this includes

Langevin equation (5,246 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

{\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\eta }}\left(t\right)} has a Gaussian probability distribution with correlation function ⟨ η i ( t ) η j ( t ′ ) ⟩ = 2 λ k B T

Virtual valuation (591 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

cumulative distribution function F ( v ) {\displaystyle F(v)} and probability distribution function f ( v ) := F ′ ( v ) {\displaystyle f(v):=F'(v)} . The

Density of states (5,572 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

theory of solids. The product of the density of states and the probability distribution function is the number of occupied states per unit volume at a

Reference class problem (1,009 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

outcome in question (or when considering multiple outcomes, a prior probability distribution). John Venn stated in 1876 that "every single thing or event has

Quantum chaos (4,340 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

classical behavior of the same Hamiltonian (system). Study of probability distribution of individual eigenstates (see scars and quantum ergodicity). Semiclassical

Bell-shaped function (505 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

common probability distribution functions are bell curves. Some bell shaped functions, such as the Gaussian function and the probability distribution of the

Time at risk (397 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

finance practice. TaR represents certain quantile for a given probability distribution, so is similar to Value at Risk (VaR). However, TaR measures risk

Binomial (185 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

series, a mathematical series Binomial distribution, a type of probability distribution Binomial process Binomial test, a test of significance Binomial

Hilbert matrix (1,247 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

a Hankel matrix, which in the special case of approximating a probability distribution on the interval [0, 1] results in a Hilbert matrix. This matrix

Grouped Dirichlet distribution (724 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Probability distribution

Gábor J. Székely (1,422 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

independent; the distance skewness, which equals zero exactly when the probability distribution is diagonally symmetric; the E-statistic for normality test; and

Google matrix (1,796 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

elements P i {\displaystyle P_{i}} which can be viewed as stationary probability distribution. These probabilities ordered by their decreasing values give the

Crooks fluctuation theorem (924 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

dynamics of the system satisfies microscopic reversibility, then the probability distribution of entropy production in the forward time trajectory is exponentially

Pake doublet (317 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

which proceeds according to the symmetry of the solids and the probability distribution of molecules between the vacancies. In the case the averaged lineshape

Minkowski's question-mark function (3,857 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In mathematics, Minkowski's question-mark function, denoted ?(x), is a function with unusual fractal properties, defined by Hermann Minkowski in 1904.

Platt scaling (831 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

way of transforming the outputs of a classification model into a probability distribution over classes. The method was invented by John Platt in the context