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Sample-rate conversion
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upsampling or upscaling; downsampling, downscaling, or decimation; and interpolation. The term multi-rate digital signal processing is sometimes used to referHalf-band filter (241 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
goal is downsampling, each half-band filter needs to compute only half as many output samples as input samples. In digital signal processing, half-bandPolyphase matrix (1,438 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In signal processing, a polyphase matrix is a matrix whose elements are filter masks. It represents a filter bank as it is used in sub-band coders aliasDiscrete wavelet transform (5,217 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
computing a complete convolution x ∗ g {\displaystyle x*g} with subsequent downsampling would waste computation time. The Lifting scheme is an optimization whereSinc filter (1,305 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In signal processing, a sinc filter can refer to either a sinc-in-time filter whose impulse response is a sinc function and whose frequency response isDigital down converter (479 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In digital signal processing, a digital down-converter (DDC) converts a digitized, band-limited signal to a lower frequency signal at a lower samplingWavelet packet decomposition (1,273 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
(or nodes) as opposed to (n + 1) sets for the DWT. However, due to the downsampling process the overall number of coefficients is still the same and thereSecond-generation wavelet transform (377 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In signal processing, the second-generation wavelet transform (SGWT) is a wavelet transform where the filters (or even the represented wavelets) are notReconstruction filter (1,267 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
are: nearest-neighbor interpolation, with kernel the box filter – for downsampling, this corresponding to averaging; bilinear interpolation, with kernelPyramid (image processing) (1,435 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
representation developed by the computer vision, image processing and signal processing communities, in which a signal or an image is subject to repeatedCascaded integrator–comb filter (1,609 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In digital signal processing, a cascaded integrator–comb (CIC) is a computationally efficient class of low-pass finite impulse response (FIR) filter thatTransfer matrix (1,133 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
effect of T h {\displaystyle T_{h}} can be expressed in terms of the downsampling operator " ↓ {\displaystyle \downarrow } ": T h ⋅ x = ( h ∗ x ) ↓ 2.Multirate filter bank and multidimensional directional filter banks (4,934 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
expansion) in the design implementation of the filter. Decimation or downsampling by a factor of M {\displaystyle M} essentially means keeping every MDigital audio (2,810 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
through digital signal processing, where it may be filtered or have effects applied. Sample-rate conversion including upsampling and downsampling may be usedGaussian filter (2,885 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In electronics and signal processing, mainly in digital signal processing, a Gaussian filter is a filter whose impulse response is a Gaussian functionFilter (video) (176 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
decoding Common prefilters include: denoising resizing (upsampling, downsampling) contrast enhancement deinterlacing (used to convert interlaced videoOverlap–save method (1,511 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
(2006). "Turning Overlap–Save into a Multiband Mixing, Downsampling Filter Bank". IEEE Signal Processing Magazine. 23 (March 2006): 158–161. doi:10.1109/MSPFast wavelet transform (1,314 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle n\in \mathbb {Z} } . In the Z-transform notation: The downsampling operator ( ↓ 2 ) {\displaystyle (\downarrow 2)} reduces an infinite sequenceWavelet (7,062 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Wavelets are imbued with specific properties that make them useful for signal processing. For example, a wavelet could be created to have a frequency of middle CImage scaling (1,854 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
the view of the Nyquist sampling theorem. According to the theorem, downsampling to a smaller image from a higher-resolution original can only be carriedJPEG (13,561 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
(called "downsampling" or "chroma subsampling"). The ratios at which the downsampling is ordinarily done for JPEG images are 4:4:4 (no downsampling), 4:2:2Index of electrical engineering articles (3,721 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
– Amplitude modulation – Analog circuit – Analog filter – Analog signal processing – Analog signal – Analog-to-digital converter – Annealing (metallurgy)Delta-sigma modulation (6,863 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
coarsely-quantized output of a delta-sigma ADC is occasionally used directly in signal processing or as a representation for signal storage (e.g., Super Audio CD storesContourlet (1,915 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
directionality. The first major notable difference is that upsampling and downsampling are removed from both processes. Instead the filters in both the LaplacianAnamorphic stretch transform (2,107 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
at a lower rate than what was previously possible with naïve uniform downsampling. This property, known as "feature-selective stretching", can be usedFrequency (2,296 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
type temporal rate. Audio frequency Bandwidth (signal processing) Chirp Cutoff frequency Downsampling Electronic filter Fourier analysis Frequency bandBitcrusher (1,331 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
bitcrush distortion. The control for sample rate reduction (a.k.a. "downsampling" or "averaging") is sometimes shown in Hz for a new sample rate, or asOversampling and undersampling in data analysis (2,718 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
) {\displaystyle P(Y)} during training by applying undersampling or downsampling. This point can be illustrated with a simple example: Assume no predictivePoint Cloud Library (3,258 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
provides several useful filters for removing outliers and noise and also downsampling the data. Some of them use simple criteria to trim points, others useLine drawing algorithm (1,602 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
applications of this method include linear interpolation or downsampling in signal processing. There are also parallels to the Euclidean algorithm, as wellGaussian blur (2,373 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Gaussian blurring is commonly used when reducing the size of an image. When downsampling an image, it is common to apply a low-pass filter to the image priorDeep learning (18,116 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with convolutional layers and downsampling layers began with the Neocognitron introduced by Kunihiko Fukushima inHistory of artificial neural networks (8,625 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
introduced the two basic types of layers in CNNs: convolutional layers, and downsampling layers. A convolutional layer contains units whose receptive fields coverGlossary of electrical and electronics engineering (19,294 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
circuit that alters some frequency-related property of a signal. analog signal processing Generally, techniques used to alter signals that rely on voltagesJPEG 2000 (6,087 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
since the wavelet transformation already separates images into scales, downsampling is more effectively handled by dropping the finest wavelet scale. ThisNeural network (machine learning) (17,613 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with convolutional layers and downsampling layers and weight replication began with the Neocognitron introduced