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Aortic valve area calculation
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of aortic valve is not routinely performed.[citation needed] The continuity equation states that the flow in one area must equal the flow in a secondVlasov equation (2,505 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
equation requires no assumptions about the distribution function. The continuity equation describes how the density changes with time. It can be found by integrationBetz's law (3,452 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{m}}(v_{1}^{2}-v_{2}^{2}).} Substituting the mass flow rate from the continuity equation yields P = 1 2 ρ S v ( v 1 2 − v 2 2 ) . {\displaystyle P={\tfracHydrodynamic stability (2,875 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
hydrodynamic stability problems are the Navier–Stokes equation and the continuity equation. The Navier–Stokes equation is given by: ∂ u ∂ t + ( u ⋅ ∇ ) u −Incompressible flow (1,714 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(where we have used the appropriate product rule) is known as the continuity equation. Now, we need the following relation about the total derivative ofMaster equation (1,870 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
probabilities of the elementary processes are known, one can write down a continuity equation for W, from which all other equations can be derived and which wePressure-correction method (868 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
previous outer loop. Plug the new newly obtained velocity into the continuity equation to obtain a correction. The correction for the velocity that is obtainedDisplacement current (3,850 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
rate of decrease of charge in a volume. In differential form this continuity equation becomes: ∇ ⋅ J f = − ∂ ρ f ∂ t , {\displaystyle \nabla \cdot \mathbfTransthoracic echocardiogram (3,155 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
flow. For example, the aortic valve area can be estimated using the continuity equation by measuring the velocity time integral (VTI) of the aortic valveHele-Shaw flow (1,331 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
equation for p {\displaystyle p} is obtained from the continuity equation. Integrating the continuity equation from across the channel and imposing no-penetrationHicks equation (2,149 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
rv_{z}={\frac {\partial \psi }{\partial r}}} that satisfies the continuity equation for axisymmetric flows automatically. The Hicks equation is thenFlow in partially full conduits (978 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
computational purposes, flow is taken as uniform flow. Manning's Equation, Continuity Equation (Q=AV) and channel's cross-section geometrical relations are usedRossby-gravity waves (841 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
approximation, the primitive equations become (neglecting friction): the continuity equation (accounting for the effects of horizontal convergence and divergenceGeostrophic current (689 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
equations, is that they satisfy the incompressible version of the continuity equation. That is: ∇ ⋅ u = 0 {\displaystyle \nabla \cdot \mathbf {u} =0} ∂Acoustic theory (2,416 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
_{0}}{c^{2}}}{\frac {\partial \phi }{\partial t}}\end{aligned}}} Starting with the Continuity Equation and the Euler Equation: ∂ ρ ∂ t + ∇ ⋅ ρ v = 0 ρ ∂ v ∂ t + ρ ( v ⋅Finite volume method for three-dimensional diffusion problem (1,190 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
z}}\right)+S_{\phi }=0} …………………………………………………………………….3 Flow should also satisfy continuity equation therefore, ∇ ⋅ ( ρ u ) = 0 {\displaystyle \nabla \cdot (\rho \mathbfRouting (hydrology) (1,537 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
to solve the equations numerically. Hydrologic routing uses the continuity equation for hydrology. In its simplest form, inflow to the river reach isChaplygin's equation (1,072 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
hypergeometric functions. For two-dimensional potential flow, the continuity equation and the Euler equations (in fact, the compressible Bernoulli's equationBerman flow (1,133 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
walls be porous with equal velocity V {\displaystyle V} . Then the continuity equation and Navier–Stokes equations for incompressible fluid become ∂ u ∂Cosmological perturbation theory (2,050 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
first governing equation follows from matter conservation – the continuity equation ∂ ρ ∂ t + 3 H ρ + 1 a ⋅ ∇ ( ρ v → ) = 0 , {\displaystyle {\fracClassical field theory (3,850 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
conservation laws for energy and momentum. The mass continuity equation is a continuity equation, representing the conservation of mass ∂ ρ ∂ t + ∇ ⋅Universal Soil Loss Equation (1,388 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
process-based from other types of erosion models is the use of the sediment continuity equation discussed below. Empirical models relate management and environmentalEquatorial Rossby wave (820 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
approximation, the primitive equations become the following: the continuity equation (accounting for the effects of horizontal convergence and divergencePilot wave theory (3,431 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{x}}=1} for each t {\displaystyle t} . Therefore, it must satisfy the continuity equation ∂ ρ ∂ t = − ∇ → ⋅ ( ρ v → ) ( 1 ) {\displaystyle {\frac {\,\partialEkman layer (2,010 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the Ekman spiral, diagrammed above and at right. By applying the continuity equation we can have the vertical velocity as following w = 1 f ρ o [ − (Vena contracta (547 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
effective orifice area (EOA) calculated for heart valves using the continuity equation. Vena Contracta was a term used by several English shotgun buildersLondon equations (2,157 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle {\dot {\rho }}_{\rm {s}}=0} as expected from the continuity equation. The second requirement is consistent with the fact that supercurrentPlasma oscillation (1,800 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
i ω t {\displaystyle \rho (\omega )=\rho _{0}e^{-i\omega t}} the continuity equation: ∇ ⋅ j = − ∂ ρ ∂ t = i ω ρ ( ω ) {\displaystyle \nabla \cdot \mathbfTeapot effect (3,403 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
bottlenecks and the streamlines are bundled. This situation describes the continuity equation for non-turbulent flows. But what happens to the pressure conditionsPhil Kaufman Award (823 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
(Stanford University Process Engineering Models) and PISCES (Poisson and Continuity Equation Solver) simulation tools and software used in Technology ComputerIon acoustic wave (2,461 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
essentially replaces the energy equation. Each species satisfies the continuity equation ∂ t n s + ∇ ⋅ ( n s u → s ) = 0 {\displaystyle \partial _{t}n_{s}+\nablaAlfvén's theorem (2,669 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
ideal induction equation, Gauss's law for magnetism, and the mass continuity equation. The ideal induction equation can be rewritten using a vector identityTurbulent diffusion (2,340 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
to molecular models, it must satisfy the same principles as the continuity equation below (where the advection of an element or species is balanced byTwo-fluid model (543 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
sum of the density of the two components such that it follows a continuity equation ∂ ρ ∂ t + ∇ ⋅ J = 0 , {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial \rho }{\partialDirac equation (13,081 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
conservation of probability current and density following from the continuity equation: ∇ ⋅ J + ∂ ρ ∂ t = 0 . {\displaystyle \nabla \cdot J+{\frac {\partialPotential vorticity (3,795 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
continuous fluid. We look at the momentum equation and the mass continuity equation of an idealized compressible fluid in Cartesian coordinates: ∂ vIsentropic nozzle flow (2,852 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the control volume in the changing area of the conduit of Fig. The continuity equation between two sections an infinitesimal distance dx apart is ρ A VNosé–Hoover thermostat (931 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the canonical ensemble average. Hoover (1985) used the phase-space continuity equation, a generalized Liouville equation, to establish what is now knownSmoothed-particle hydrodynamics (9,777 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {r}}_{i}} . Comparing this equation with the continuity equation in the Lagrangian description (using material derivatives), d ρ dKármán–Howarth equation (1,175 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the lateral correlation of velocity at two different points. From continuity equation, we have ∂ R i j ∂ r j = 0 ⇒ g ( r , t ) = f ( r , t ) + r 2 ∂ ∂PISO algorithm (732 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Velocity component obtained from predictor step may not satisfy the continuity equation, so we define correction factors p',v',u' for the pressure fieldHydrological model (3,500 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
differential equation that describes outflow from each reservoir. The continuity equation for tank models is: d S ( t ) d t = i ( t ) − q ( t ) {\displaystyleDynamic similarity (Reynolds and Womersley numbers) (1,366 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
^{2}}w'}{{\partial }z'^{2}}}\right)\,\!} , With the addition of the dimensionless continuity equation (seen below) in any incompressible fluid flow problem the ReynoldsScale analysis (mathematics) (1,379 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
negligible from equation (4). Therefore in fully developed flow, the continuity equation requires that Based on equation (5), the y momentum equation (3)Robert Dutton (engineer) (521 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article
(Stanford University Process Engineering Models) and PISCES (Poisson and Continuity Equation Solver), were adopted by industry. He founded Technology ModelingWard–Takahashi identity (1,658 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
}\rangle \mathrm {d} ^{d}x=0} This is the QFT analog of the Noether continuity equation ∂ μ J μ = 0 {\displaystyle \partial _{\mu }J^{\mu }=0} . If the gaugeDe Rham curve (2,813 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
base-10. Then one has (famously) that 0.999...= 1.000... which is a continuity equation that must be enforced at every such gap. That is, given the decimalRelativistic dynamics (1,546 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
equation that is essentially a re-statement of the non-relativistic continuity equation. Time in the relativistic probability conservation equation is Einstein'sEchocardiography (4,108 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(October 2008). "Assessing aortic valve area in aortic stenosis by continuity equation: a novel approach using real-time three-dimensional echocardiography"Estuarine water circulation (1,762 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
also equal. If groundwater inputs and evaporation are ignored, the continuity equation is: Qin S0 + Qf Sf = Qout S1 The residence time T is the volume ofStorm Water Management Model (7,271 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
long-term continuous simulations. Kinematic wave routing solves the continuity equation along with a simplified form of the momentum equation in each conduitHasegawa–Mima equation (1,806 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
electric potential. The Hasegawa–Mima equation is derived from the continuity equation: ∂ n ∂ t + ∇ ⋅ ( n v ) = 0. {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial n}{\partialGeetam Tiwari (840 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Fazio, Joseph; Gaurav, Sushant; Chatteerjee, Niladri (March 2008). "Continuity Equation Validation For Nonhomogeneous Traffic". Journal of TransportationBickley jet (1,187 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
boundary layer solution. This can be easily verified by integrating the continuity equation across the boundary layer. ∫ − ∞ ∞ ∂ u ∂ x d y + ∫ − ∞ ∞ ∂ v ∂ yQuasi-geostrophic equations (2,150 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
be written in terms of ω {\displaystyle {\omega }} based on the continuity equation ∂ u a ∂ x + ∂ v a ∂ y + ∂ ω ∂ p = 0 {\displaystyle {{\partial u_{a}Orifice plate (3,757 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\cdot V_{2}^{'^{2}}-{\frac {1}{2}}\cdot \rho \cdot V_{1}^{'^{2}}} By continuity equation: q v ′ = A 1 ⋅ V 1 ′ = A 2 ⋅ V 2 ′ {\displaystyle q_{v}^{'}=A_{1}\cdotMagnetosonic wave (2,191 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
closed set of MHD equations consisting of the equation of motion, continuity equation, equation of state, and ideal induction equation (see MagnetohydrodynamicsLandau–Squire jet (1,593 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
axisymmetric, i.e., independent of ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } . Then the continuity equation and the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations reduce to 1 r 2 ∂Bernoulli's principle (10,215 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
to reduce the diameter of the flow. For a horizontal device, the continuity equation shows that for an incompressible fluid, the reduction in diameterMultiphase particle-in-cell method (2,135 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
method assumes an incompressible fluid phase with the corresponding continuity equation, ∂ θ f ∂ t + ∇ ⋅ ( θ f u f ) = 0 , {\displaystyle {\frac {\partialBoundary layer (7,729 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
lower than those in the wall normal direction. Apply this to the continuity equation shows that υ {\displaystyle \upsilon } , the wall normal velocityAtmospheric tide (3,216 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
^{2}}{\partial t\partial z}}\Phi '\,+\,N^{2}w'={\frac {\kappa J'}{H}}} continuity equation 1 a cos φ ( ∂ u ′ ∂ λ + ∂ ∂ φ ( v ′ cos φ ) ) + 1 ϱ o ∂ ∂ z (Weibel instability (2,208 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
perturbation density n b 1 {\displaystyle n_{b1}} , we use the fluid continuity equation for the electron beam ∂ n b ∂ t + ∇ ⋅ ( n b v b ) = 0 {\displaystyleKompaneyets equation (776 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
path. As evident, the equation can be written in the form of the continuity equation ∂ n ∂ t + 1 ω 2 ∂ ∂ ω ( ω 2 j ) = 0 , j = − σ T n e ℏ m e c ω 2 (Aortic stenosis (6,878 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the pressure gradient across the valve can be calculated by the continuity equation or using the modified Bernoulli's equation: Gradient = 4(velocity)²Heat transfer through fins (807 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
v)=-\nabla P+\nabla .\tau +F+\rho g} This is used in combination with the continuity equation. The energy equation is also needed, which is: ∂ ( ρ E ) ∂ t + ∇Cosmic inflation (12,599 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
falls by a factor of sixteen (see the solution of the energy density continuity equation for an ultra-relativistic fluid). During inflation, the energy densityWave function (13,587 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\psi )} , is known as the probability flux in accordance with the continuity equation form of the above equation. Using the following expression for wavefunction:Electromigration (5,241 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
throughout some interconnect segment, is the conventional mass balance (continuity) equation ∂ N ∂ t + ∇ ⋅ J → = 0 {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial N}{\partialSack–Schamel equation (2,168 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
follows from the definition of η {\displaystyle \eta } , from the continuity equation and from the replacement of n {\displaystyle n} by ∂ x η {\displaystyleQUICK scheme (1,679 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\partial \phi }{\partial x}}\right)_{w}} Integrating this continuity equation over the control volume we get ( ρ u A ) e − ( ρ u A ) w = 0 {\displaystyleNanofluidic circuitry (3,814 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
a {\displaystyle a} . The solution in steady-state satisfies the continuity equation. To describe fluid velocity field in the channel, using Navier–StokesRotational diffusion (3,967 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
vector u at an angle θ and time t. This can be done by writing a continuity equation: ∂ P ( θ , t ) ∂ t = − ∂ j ( θ , t ) ∂ θ {\displaystyle {\partialStagnation point flow (3,142 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
rates; the three strain rates are not completely arbitrary since the continuity equation requires α + β + γ = 0 {\displaystyle \alpha +\beta +\gamma =0}Jeffery–Hamel flow (2,773 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
v = 0 , w = 0 {\displaystyle u=u(r,\theta ),v=0,w=0} . Then the continuity equation and the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations reduce to ∂ ( r uDissipative soliton (4,828 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
one may consider the energy ρ = |q|2 for which one may derive the continuity equation ∂ t ρ + ∇ ⋅ m = S = d r ( q Δ q ∗ + q ∗ Δ q ) + 2 ℓ r ρ + 2 c r ρStellar dynamics (17,631 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
and collisionless gas/star or dark matter by Spherical cow style Continuity Equation on any generic quantity Q of the system: d Q d t ≈ ± Q ( l c ς )Nonlinear tides (6,669 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
water level. The former of the three equations is referred to as the continuity equation while the others represent the momentum balance in the x {\displaystyleVon Kármán swirling flow (3,271 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
axial coordinate p = p ( r , z ) {\displaystyle p=p(r,z)} . Then the continuity equation and the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations reduce to 2 u r +Variational multiscale method (5,741 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{r}}_{C}({\boldsymbol {u}}^{h})} are the residuals of the momentum equation and continuity equation in strong forms defined as: r M ( u h , p h ) = ρ ∂ u h ∂ t + ρ (