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Longer titles found: Ciphertext-only attack (view), Ciphertext expansion (view), Ciphertext indistinguishability (view), Ciphertext stealing (view), Chosen-ciphertext attack (view), Adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack (view), List of ciphertexts (view)

searching for Ciphertext 45 found (822 total)

alternate case: ciphertext

XOR cipher (1,036 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article

print("Key:", key) cipherText = xor_strings(message.encode("utf8"), key) print("cipherText:", cipherText) print("decrypted:", xor_strings(cipherText, key).decode("utf8"))

Codebook (526 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

code words. In two-part codes, one part is for converting plaintext to ciphertext, the other for the opposite purpose. They are usually organized similarly

Attribute-based encryption (1,325 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

encrypted data using authorisation policies. The secret key of a user and the ciphertext are dependent upon attributes (e.g. their email address, the country in

Moni Naor (681 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

notable for initiating research on public key systems secure against chosen ciphertext attack and creating non-malleable cryptography, visual cryptography (with

D'Agapeyeff cipher (541 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

in 1939. Offered as a "challenge cipher" at the end of the book, the ciphertext is: 75628 28591 62916 48164 91748 58464 74748 28483 81638 18174 74826

Kryptos (3,430 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the sculpture in 1988 was US$250,000 (worth ~US$660,000 in 2024). The ciphertext on the left-hand side (as seen from the courtyard) of the main sculpture

Otto Leiberich (670 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

to 25 elements. The lengths of the ciphertext should not be a multiple of the length of either key. A ciphertext of approximately 500 characters, i.e

W. T. Tutte (4,696 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

characters in the ciphertext could not be distinguished from a random stream, the same was not true for a version of the ciphertext from which the chi

Ronald Cramer (197 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

of Aarhus. He is best known for his work with Victor Shoup on chosen ciphertext secure encryption in the standard model, in particular the Cramer–Shoup

Ransomware (10,910 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

hybrid encryption and it results in a small asymmetric ciphertext as well as the symmetric ciphertext of the victim's data. It zeroizes the symmetric key

Homomorphic encryption (4,692 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

it is limited because each ciphertext is noisy in some sense, and this noise grows as one adds and multiplies ciphertexts, until ultimately the noise

Lai–Massey scheme (910 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the ciphertext is ( L n + 1 , R n + 1 ) = ( L n + 1 ′ , R n + 1 ′ ) {\displaystyle (L_{n+1},R_{n+1})=(L_{n+1}',R_{n+1}')} . Decryption of a ciphertext (

Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (847 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

encryption. There is no method for authentication of the ciphertext stream and therefore the ciphertext is vulnerable to a bit-flipping attack. An attacker

Universal one-way hash function (324 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

signature schemes without trapdoor functions, and also within chosen-ciphertext secure public key encryption schemes. The UOWHF family contains a finite

Decius Wadsworth (657 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

number of turns required for the result transmitted as ciphertext. Due to the gearing, a ciphertext substitution for a character did not repeat until all

Gardening (cryptanalysis) (489 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

though plain text effectively chosen by the British was injected into the ciphertext, because the choice was very limited and the cryptanalysts did not care

Brent Waters (559 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

S2CID 5131034. John Bethencourt; Amit Sahai; Brent Waters (May 2007), Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption, doi:10.1109/SP.2007.11, Wikidata Q107459178

Format-transforming encryption (200 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

refers to encryption where the format of the input plaintext and output ciphertext are configurable. Descriptions of formats can vary, but are typically

EncFS (1,555 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

copy of the ciphertext and nothing more. EncFS is not safe if the adversary has the opportunity to see two or more snapshots of the ciphertext at different

HEAAN (1,759 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

For a given message polynomial m ∈ R {\displaystyle m\in R} , output a ciphertext c t ← ( c 0 = r ⋅ b + e 0 + m , c 1 = r ⋅ a + e 1 ) ∈ R Q 2 {\displaystyle

Comparison of backup software (26 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

SHA256 HMAC with PBKDF2 encrypted keyfiles Yes; by MAC of plaintext and ciphertext No No Yes; through deduplication No No BackupPC Yes Yes; hard-links No;

LCS35 (346 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

(which are not given). The value of w can then be used to decrypt the ciphertext z, another 616-digit integer. The plaintext provides the concealed information

Watermarking attack (456 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

encryption in the system under attack, to "NOP-out" the IV such that the first ciphertext block in two or more sectors is identical. This requires that the input

Public-key cryptography (4,512 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

encrypt a message, yielding a ciphertext, but only those who know the corresponding private key can decrypt the ciphertext to obtain the original message

Message (931 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

in the United States Encryption – Process of converting plaintext to ciphertext Express mail – Accelerated mail delivery service Flag semaphore – System

GGH encryption scheme (839 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

also a lattice point. The ciphertext is then c = v + e = m ⋅ B ′ + e {\displaystyle c=v+e=m\cdot B'+e} To decrypt the ciphertext one computes c ⋅ B − 1 =

KWallet (2,649 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

allows physically proximate attackers to extract RSA keys via a chosen-ciphertext attack and acoustic cryptanalysis during decryption. NOTE: applications

Cocks IBE scheme (1,208 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

{\displaystyle \textstyle s=(c_{1},c_{2})} to the user. To decrypt a ciphertext s = ( c 1 , c 2 ) {\displaystyle s=(c_{1},c_{2})} for user I D {\displaystyle

HElib (212 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

encryption scheme, as well as optimizations such as Smart-Vercauteren ciphertext packing techniques. HElib is written in C++ and uses the NTL mathematical

ACE Encrypt (5,287 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

((P,q,g_{1},g_{2},c,d,h_{1},h_{2},k_{1},k_{2}),(w,x,y,z_{1},z_{2}))} A ciphertext of the ACE encryption scheme has the form ( s , u 1 , u 2 , v , e ) {\displaystyle

Information leakage (524 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Computer and Network Security Lecture Notes 9 : DSA/DSS, RSA, chosen-ciphertext attack" (PDF). MIT. Retrieved 2012-09-14. Yu, Xiang; Tian, Zhihong; Qiu

RSA Secret-Key Challenge (581 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

May 2007. For each contest, RSA had posted on its website a block of ciphertext and the random initialization vector used for encryption. To win, a contestant

Moti Yung (1,628 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

STOC). 1990: Public-key cryptosystems provably secure against chosen ciphertext attacks (with M. Naor; ACM’s STOC). 1991: How to withstand mobile virus

PALISADE (software) (946 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

BGV, BFV, and CKKS schemes Digital signature Identity-based encryption Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption There are several known git repositories/ports

Robert H. Thouless (1,398 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Passage II ciphertext read: INXPH CJKGM JIRPR FBCVY WYWES NOECN SCVHE GYRJQ TEBJM TGXAT TWPNH CNYBC FNXPF LFXRV QWQL The Passage III ciphertext read: BTYRR

Network security (1,647 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

descriptions as a fallback Encryption – Process of converting plaintext to ciphertext Traffic analysis – Process of intercepting and examining messages Active:

Cryptovirology (1,458 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the victim's files. The malware prompts the user to send the asymmetric ciphertext to the attacker who will decipher it and return the symmetric decryption

Giovan Battista Bellaso (1,623 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

IINCVPNSHMLRNXOIZN RD Ciphertext Deciphering: VIRTVTIOMNIAPARENT VIRTVTIOMNIAPARENT VI Countersign SYBOVEYLDANVOFSZLP IINCVPNSHMLRNXOIZN RD Ciphertext larmataturchescapa

Column level encryption (401 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

goes through encryption, which is the process of encoding plaintext into ciphertext. Non-designated readers or receivers will not be able to read the data

One-time password (3,542 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

of the Counter Barkan, Elad; Eli Biham; Nathan Keller (2003). "Instant Ciphertext-Only Cryptanalysis of GSM Encrypted Communication": 600–16. Archived from

Boneh–Franklin scheme (1,142 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

user. Given m ∈ M {\displaystyle \textstyle m\in {\mathcal {M}}} , the ciphertext c {\displaystyle \textstyle c} is obtained as follows: Q I D = H 1 ( I

Agrippa (A Book of the Dead) (4,351 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

finished is a ruse. The visual effect is the result of running the decrypted ciphertext (in memory) through the re-purposed bit-scrambling decryption algorithm

Crypto-PAn (1,204 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

plaintext bits of x {\displaystyle x} decrypted so far, rather than using the ciphertext bits: I i ≠ E k ( x ) [ 0 , i ) p a d [ i , 128 ) {\displaystyle I_{i}\neq

Discriminant Book (1,043 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

being transmitted along with the ciphertext. The starting position for the rotors was transmitted just before the ciphertext, usually after having been enciphered

Blacker (security) (264 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

segregation of sensitive plaintext information (RED signals) from encrypted ciphertext (BLACK signals) Weissman, Clark (1992). "BLACKER: security for the DDN