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searching for Causal inference 171 found (296 total)

alternate case: causal inference

Herman Wold (1,161 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

of partial least squares (PLS) and graphical models. Wold's work on causal inference from observational studies was decades ahead of its time, according

well known for the Rubin causal model, a set of methods designed for causal inference with observational data, and for his methods for dealing with missing

in causal inference and missing data problems. The theory for doubly robust estimators has been highly influential in the field of [causal inference] and

similar. They require fewer resources but provide less evidence for causal inference than a randomized controlled trial. A case–control study is often used

research challenges in social epidemiology include tools to strengthen causal inference, methods to test theoretical frameworks such as Fundamental Cause Theory

course Causal Diagrams has had over 80,000 registrations. His book Causal Inference: What If, co-authored with James Robins is also freely available online

Francesca Dominici is a Harvard Professor who develops methodology in causal inference and data science and leads research projects that combine big data

applications in genomics. Her research focuses on developing methods for causal inference to infer regulatory relationships from different data modalities (transcriptomic

formalisms of econometric causal inference.[citation needed] (The biostatistics and epidemiology literature on causal inference draws from different sources

2015-03-15 at the Wayback Machine The Monkey Cage Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science: https://statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu/ Archived

they co-authored a book on machine learning for causal inference titled Targeted Learning: Causal Inference for Observational and Experimental Data. Her

president from 2009 to 2011. He has published on models, representation, causal inference, propensities, and the philosophies of quantum mechanics, evolutionary

Collaborative Study on Hip Fractures. In 2014, Sobolev introduced the course "Causal Inference in Public Health Sciences" to the graduate curriculum of the School

Pippa Norris - Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Official website

Hill criteria in the 21st century: how data integration has changed causal inference in molecular epidemiology". Emerging Themes in Epidemiology. 12: 14

contributions to statistical and epidemiologic methods including Bayesian and causal inference, bias analysis, and meta-analysis. His focus has been the extensions

to make causal inference of sensory signals. The difference between two models is that hierarchical model can explicitly make causal inference to predict

in health care. In addition, her creative methods for determining causal inference, and keen understanding of regulatory law, biological science, and

modification trials Emma Benn, American biostatistician, performs causal inference on health disparities Helen Berg (1932–2010), American feminist economic

randomisation is unfeasible. However, it remains impossible to make true causal inference with this method alone, as it does not automatically reject causal

Foils. Spekkens is a faculty member and the leader of the quantum causal inference initiative at Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. He regularly

2019.1624293 online ncbi/ Holland, Paul W. (1986). "Statistics and Causal Inference". J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 81 (396): 945–960. doi:10.1080/01621459

analysis to qualitative research, arguing that the same logics of causal inference can be used in both types of research. The authors' recommendation

Award) Causal Inference in Statistics: A Primer, (with Madelyn Glymour and Nicholas Jewell), Wiley, 2016. ISBN 978-1119186847 A previous survey: Causal inference

the example to clarify the importance of untestable assumptions in causal inference. Bock responded to the paradox by positing that both statisticians

with Peter Spirtes and Richard Scheines, also developed an automated causal inference algorithm implemented as software named TETRAD. Using multivariate

and variable selection in the areas of dynamic treatment regimes and causal inference in mediation analysis and for recurrent events. Strawderman graduated

analysis, applied longitudinal data analysis, research design and causal inference. In 1990, under the auspices of the Harvard Seminar on Assessment—along

ISBN 978-0324359046. Leamer, Edward E. (1985). "Vector Autoregressions for Causal Inference?". Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy. 22: 283.

theory of timing. Killeen has also developed a theory of learning as causal inference (1981) bringing these together in his paper on the perception of contingency

Statistical Methods for Dynamic Treatment Regimes: Reinforcement Learning, Causal Inference, and Personalized Medicine (Springer, 2013). She is the co-editor,

She is a contributor to Andrew Gelman's blog, Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Microsoft Research Faculty Fellowship - Microsoft

univariate and multivariate ARMA processes, multivariate count responses, causal inference, hierarchical models of longitudinal data, nonparametric regression

testing causal inference designed by Premack made it possible to show that both young children and chimpanzees are capable of causal inference. Premack

Resources from Wikiversity Prediction Design of experiments Data transformation Box–Cox transformation Machine learning Analysis of variance Causal inference

(2002). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin. Definitions; Science Buddies – Science

Biology: A User's Guide to Path Analysis, Structural Equations and Causal Inference Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-52921-2 Wright, S. (1921) "Correlation

New York, pp. 189–326 Robins, James M. (1986), "A new approach to causal inference in mortality studies with sustained exposure periods-application to

Complete Algorithm (PDF). Bareinboim, Elias; Pearl, Judea (2012). "Causal Inference by Surrogate Experiments: z-Identifiability". Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth

creates an asymmetric demand effect, which precludes making correct causal inference). Since its promotion in a 2010 Harvard Business School Working Knowledge

(November 21, 2005). "Questions about Futarchy". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science (blog). Retrieved 2012-02-20. Robin Hanson and

Statistical Methods for Improving Causal Inference. The aim of the programme is to develop methods for causal inference that are robust to missing data

validity (i.e., can the results of the experiment be used to make a causal inference?). Quasi-experiments are also effective because they use the "pre-post

focusing on novel theoretical frameworks, methodological developments, causal inference, and epistemology. It does not generally consider reports of primary

Fritz, T (2019). "The Inflation Technique for Causal Inference with Latent Variables". Causal Inference. 7 (2). arXiv:1609.00672. doi:10.1515/jci-2017-0020

New Economic Thinking. Retrieved 30 June 2023. "Just How Doomed Is Causal Inference For Social Networks, Exactly?". UC Santa Barbara Data Science Initiative

"The current state of the Stan ecosystem in R". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Retrieved 25 August 2020. "BRMS: Bayesian Regression

North Carolina is no longer a democracy ..." Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Andrew Gelman. Retrieved 11 June 2022. Gelman

Qualitative and Quantitative Social Science: Unifying the Logic of Causal Inference? Bible and Antiquity in 19th Century Culture China in a Global World

its slogan! - Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. 2017-10-04. Retrieved

\tau )} so that β τ {\displaystyle \beta _{\tau }} can be used for causal inference. Specifically, the hypothesis H 0 : ∇ f ( x , τ ) = 0 {\displaystyle

epidemiology (e.g., to identify the source of an infectious disease), where causal inference methods often require both clinical and statistical expertise to make

experimentally manipulate genetic variants, allowing for a degree of causal inference that is not available in studies on human behavioural genetics. In

correlations, social inequality, attempts to use Mendelian randomization in causal inference, the understanding of the biological origins of complex traits, and

Sekhon, Jasjeet S.; Stark, Philp B. (eds.). Statistical Models and Causal Inference: A Dialogue with the Social Sciences. Cambridge University Press.

natural experiments or apply quasi-experimental methods to draw credible causal inference. The methods include regression discontinuity design, instrumental

Nadine; de Bruin, Leon (2016-07-19). "Cognitive Neuroscience and Causal Inference: Implications for Psychiatry". Frontiers in Psychiatry. 7: 129. doi:10

(2006). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference. Houghton Mifflin. Sackett, P.R.; Lievens, F.; Berry, C.M.; Landers

hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine is killing people « Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science". statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu. Retrieved 3 June

using prevalence rather than incidence it cannot be used to make a causal inference. By contributing to reduction in exposure, occupational epidemiology

is the least important part of data science « Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science". statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu. Retrieved 3 April

reviewing, and its "Scholarly Impact Quotient" | Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science". statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu. Retrieved 2023-08-25

OCLC 750986180. Rothman, Kenneth J.; Greenland, Sander (2005). "Causation and Causal Inference in Epidemiology". American Journal of Public Health. 95 (S1): S144–S150

Gelman, Andrew (14 July 2006). "Uncle Woody". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Retrieved 2018-07-05. The Dodo and the Frog at

is important, says Kun Zhang, an assistant professor who works on causal inference and machine learning at Carnegie Mellon University, because it provides

with the axioms of possible world semantics and forms the basis for causal inference in the natural and social sciences, since each structural equation

PMC 7516489. PMID 33285833. Bareinboim, Elias; Pearl, Judea (2016-07-05). "Causal inference and the data-fusion problem". Proceedings of the National Academy of

web service and graphic interface. [2] Empirical Dynamic Modelling tools pyEDM and rEDM use embedding for analyses, prediction, and causal inference.

analysis (CCA). Multilinear methods may be causal in nature and perform causal inference, or they may be simple regression methods from which no causal conclusion

Goertzel (2011). Real-World Reasoning: Scalable Spatial Temporal and Causal Inference. Atlantis Press. Ben Goertzel (2012). Theoretical Foundations of Artificial

fire went out." The type of inference drawn here is also called a "causal inference" because the inference made suggests that events in one sentence cause

and further replications of studies can also strengthen claims of causal inference. Different methodological approaches make tradeoffs between statistical

2010). "The Jewish Factor in Blue States". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Archived from the original on May 10, 2011. Beirich

Bondarenko, I. & Raghunathan, T. E. (2010). Multiple imputation for causal inference. Section on Survey Research Methods-JSM. Raghunathan, T. E., Solenberger

Theses Induction and Non-Demonstrative Inference (1974) Induction and Causal Inference (1975) Doctoral advisor Simon Blackburn Other academic advisors Rom

smoking and cancer: a historical investigation of the practice of causal inference". Emerging Themes in Epidemiology. 3 (1): 1. doi:10.1186/1742-7622-3-1

Haven: Yale University Press. Hoover, Kevin D. (1990) “The Logic of Causal Inference: Econometrics and the Conditional Analysis of Causality,” Economics

Prize in other fields. The first award in 2022 went to the topic of Causal Inference in Medicine and Public Health. It was presented by His Majesty King

"Rao-Blackwellization and discrete parameters in Stan". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Retrieved September 13, 2021. The Rao-Blackwell

1038/ng.3506. PMC 4767558. PMID 26854917. Kulp DC, Jagalur M (2006). "Causal inference of regulator-target pairs by gene mapping of expression phenotypes"

(April 2007). "Nassim Taleb's "The Black Swan"". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Columbia University. Retrieved 23 May 2012. Gangahar

learning and statistics. Her current research interest also includes causal inference in public health. Koenecke moved to Cornell University as an assistant

all possible arguments." by Andrew Gelman". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Retrieved 2024-06-06. "Social Deprivation Index(SDI)"

Nonparametric Preprocessing for Reducing Model Dependence in Parametric Causal Inference". Political Analysis. 15 (3): 199–236. doi:10.1093/pan/mpl013. King

Gelman, Andrew (14 July 2006). "Uncle Woody". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018

"Quantifying secondary pest outbreaks in cotton and their monetary cost with causal-inference statistics". Ecological Applications. 21 (7): 2770–2780. doi:10.1890/11-0118

Comparison of Agent-Based Models and the Parametric G-Formula for Causal Inference". American Journal of Epidemiology. 186 (2): 131–142. doi:10.1093/aje/kwx091

combining toxicological and epidemiological evidence to establish causal inference". Toxicological Sciences. 122 (2): 223–234. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfr113

Barnighausen, Till (2014). "Regression discontinuity designs in epidemiology: causal inference without randomized trials". Epidemiology. 25 (5): 729–737. doi:10.1097/EDE

Wiley Abramson, L. Y., & Martin, D. J. (1981). Depression and the causal inference process. In J. Harvey, W. Ickes, and R. Kidd (Eds.), New directions

0b013e31818f69ce. PMID 19234398. S2CID 205587487. Pearl, Judea (2009). "Causal inference in statistics: An overview" (PDF). Statistics Surveys. 3: 96–146. doi:10

transmission theory". Kenneth J Rothman & Sander Greenland, "Causation and causal inference in epidemiology", American Journal of Public Health, 2005;95(Suppl

member of the Alaska Swimming Hall of Fame. Royer's research focuses on causal inference in health economics. She has studied how education affects health using

Retrieved 2022-12-06. Harvard, Stephanie; Winsberg, Eric (2021-09-17). "Causal Inference, Moral Intuition, and Modeling in a Pandemic". Philosophy of Medicine

(2002). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference (2nd ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin. p. 267. ISBN 0-395-61556-9

of Andrew Walden. McCoy is interested in time series analysis and causal inference, with a particular focus on transport. Prior to joining LSE in October

Vol. 66, No.5, (1974), pp. 689. Holland, P. (1986). "Statistics and Causal Inference". Journal of the American Statistical Association, 81(396). pp. 945–960–103

happened down here is the winds have changed". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. "Voodoo Correlations: Two Years Later". The Neurocritic

random effects and correlation structure, use of propensity scores, and causal inference. SWB's team includes a graduate student and a medical school professor

27A. doi:10.1038/530027a. PMC 4831566. PMID 26842041. "Strengthening Causal Inference in Behavioral Obesity Research". "Beyond textbook, yet simple, statistical

Elsworth; et al. (30 May 2018). "The MR-Base platform supports systematic causal inference across the human phenome". eLife. 7. doi:10.7554/ELIFE.34408. ISSN 2050-084X

Glass, T. A., Goodman, S. N., Hernán, M. A., Samet, J. M. (2013). "Causal inference in public health". Annual Review of Public Health. 34: 61–75. doi:10

we learned since 2004 (or 1984, or 1964)? « Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science". statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu. Retrieved 2020-03-28

Spiegelman D, Zhou X. Evaluating Public Health Interventions: 8. Causal Inference for Time-Invariant Interventions. American Journal of Public Health

the cross-sectional and observational design that does not allow for causal inference. Ongoing studies suggest that mild hyperbilirubinaemia in GS may have

(2002). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. pp. 108, 139. ISBN 9780395615560. OCLC 804092255

combining toxicological and epidemiological evidence to establish causal inference". Toxicol Sci. 122 (2): 223–234. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfr113. PMC 3155086

Susanne H.; Gorman, Michael E.; Daszak, Peter; Foley, Janet E. (2008). "Causal inference in disease ecology: investigating ecological drivers of disease emergence"

referred to as "Hume's fork." Hume explains his theory of causation and causal inference by division into three different parts. In these three branches he

Ravinsky, Frances B. (December 1977). "Similarity as a Principle of Causal Inference". Child Development. 48 (4): 1552. doi:10.2307/1128518. ISSN 0009-3920

S2CID 201385400. Gelman, Andrew (28 October 2018). "MRP (or RPP) with non-census variables". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science.

wages (see causal diagram) and thus, controlling for it precludes causal inference from the regression coefficients. Another example of bad control is

studies. Biometrics, 159–183. Stuart E. A. (2010). Matching methods for causal inference: A review and a look forward. Statistical science : a review journal

"Kamala Harris gets coveted xkcd endorsement. | Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science". "2008 List of Winners and Finalists". Web Cartoonists'

Prize in Economic Sciences. His research at Harvard was on measuring causal inference in social studies. He also holds a M.Sc. in economics from the London

S2CID 30746470. Rothman, K. J.; Greenland, S. (2005). "Causation and Causal Inference in Epidemiology". American Journal of Public Health. 95 (S1): S144–S150

explanation", pp. 38–39. Rothman, K. J.; Greenland, S. (2005). "Causation and Causal Inference in Epidemiology". American Journal of Public Health. 95: S144–S150

Quartz, Steven; Tenenbaum, Joshua B.; Shams, Ladan (2007-09-26). "Causal Inference in Multisensory Perception". PLOS ONE. 2 (9): e943. Bibcode:2007PLoSO

to the Rwandan Genocide?: Using Qualitative Information to Improve Causal Inference from Measures of Media Availability. Civil Wars. https://www.tandfonline

G.; Thoemmes, F. (2010). "Campbell's and Rubin's perspectives on causal inference". Psychological Methods. 15 (1): 18–37. doi:10.1037/a0015917. PMID 20230100

(2002). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference (2nd ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 978-0-395-61556-0. See articles

different circumstances or across a number of studies lends strength to a causal inference Specificity: The degree to which the exposure is associated with a

Cunningham, J.D., & Kelley, H.H. (1975). A closer examination of causal inference: The roles of consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency information

experience when the mind (conditioned by repeated observation) makes a causal inference. And though his conclusion is shocking to common sense, Hume explains

|journal= (help) "Hydroxychloroquine update | Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science". statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu. Archived from

obtained by Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), the “gold standard” in causal inference analysis. In particular, due to relevant practical challenges to perform

ISBN 0-262-57222-2. Bennett, Andrew (2010). "Process Tracing and Causal Inference" in Rethinking social inquiry diverse tools, shared standards. Rowman

compliers. The LATE is defined within the potential outcomes framework of causal inference. The treatment effect for subject i {\displaystyle i} is Y i ( 1 )

such as parliamentary speeches or Twitter data. Machine Learning for Causal Inference: The social sciences are often interested in finding causal relationships

funded Institute of Education Sciences (IES) Ph.D. training programs in causal inference and interdisciplinary research and has led or co-directed over 25 major

such as parliamentary speeches or Twitter data. Machine Learning for Causal Inference: The social sciences are often interested in finding causal relationships

Mathematical Statistics 33.2 (2018): 184. link to the paper Hernán, Miguel A., and James M. Robins. "Causal inference." (2010): 2. link to the book - page 170

(2000). "Tobacco marketing and adolescent smoking: More support for a causal inference". American Journal of Public Health. 90 (3): 407–411. doi:10.2105/AJPH

Li Y, Bernstein CN, Xu W, Hu P (2022-01-27). "Polygenic risk and causal inference of psychiatric comorbidity in inflammatory bowel disease among patients

Representatives, and I don't mean that in a good way". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. October 1, 2015. Presidential Remarks at House

random, penalized spline of propensity models for missing data and causal inference, subsample ignorable likelihood methods in regression, proxy pattern-mixture

Contemporary. Addison-Wesley, 1991. Imbens, Guido W., and Donald B. Rubin. Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences: An Introduction. Cambridge

square-root rule for vote allocation is a bad idea". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Columbia University website. Retrieved 30 April

to the Rwandan Genocide?: Using Qualitative Information to Improve Causal Inference from Measures of Media Availability". Civil Wars. 20 (4): 529–554.

(2002). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. ISBN 978-0-395-61556-0.{{cite book}}:

phenomenon, where an observer uses a single observation to depict a causal inference between two factors, if there are no other plausible causes for the

use of other popular psychiatric drugs may increase risk (based on causal inference after controlling for confounding factors related to taking medication)

(2002). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generilized Causal Inference Boston:Houghton Mifflin. Levine, G. and Parkinson, S. (1994). Experimental

combining toxicological and epidemiological evidence to establish causal inference". Toxicol Sci. 122 (2): 223–234. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfr113. PMC 3155086

Reasoning: Toward Scalable, Uncertain Spatiotemporal, Contextual and Causal Inference (Amsterdam & Paris: Atlantis Press, 2011), pp. 29--30. W. V. O. Quine

This may not be possible when there is insufficient data. Confident causal inference requires consistent associations that do not conflict with logical

p-value functions, and S-value functions « Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science". statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu. Retrieved 2020-04-15

1371/journal.pcbi.1004537 [11]W. Watanakeesuntorn et al., "Massively Parallel Causal Inference of Whole Brain Dynamics at Single Neuron Resolution," 2020 IEEE 26th

Social Determinants of Health and Health Inequalities led by WHO (2013) Causal Inference and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Assessing Whether There

Ferraro, Paul J.; Sanchirico, James N.; Smith, Martin D. (2019-03-19). "Causal inference in coupled human and natural systems". Proceedings of the National

(in the context, see also Matchit and Zelig) has been developed for causal inference, and to evaluate counterfactuals. These programs have fairly sophisticated

PMID 12748632. Rothman, Kenneth J.; Greenland, Sander (2005). "Causation and causal inference in epidemiology". American Journal of Public Health. 95: S144–50. doi:10

patterns of Jews and other religious groups". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Archived from the original on February 15, 2015

behaviors so as to conform to or violate the two requirements for causal inference. Through such work, Wegner has been able to show that people often

S2CID 156010832. Retrieved 2021-06-27. Cunningham, Scott (2021). Causal Inference: The Mixtape. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-25588-1. Bütikofer

News. 9 February 2010. "First Rousseeuw Prize Awarded for Work on Causal Inference (AMSTAT News)". August 2022. Retrieved 2 November 2022. "2018 International

November 2022). "A blueprint for synthetic control methodology: a causal inference tool for evaluating natural experiments in population health". BMJ

Stuart G.; Lindeman, Karen S. (2 April 2024). "Multiple Discoveries in Causal Inference: LATE for the Party". CHANCE. 37 (2): 21–25. doi:10.1080/09332480.2024

that analysis at a Columbia University blog on "Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science." In a July 19, 2006, comment to his July 17 article

2022. Retrieved 2022-10-06. "Chapter 1: Introduction and Approach to Causal Inference" (PDF). 2004 Surgeon General's Report—The Health Consequences of Smoking

10.1177/0146167212462821 Event Accessibility and Context Effects in Causal Inference: Judgment of a Different Order 1996 Personality & Social Psychology

happened down here is the winds have changed". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Yong E (3 October 2012). "Nobel laureate challenges

settings to study social networks, thereby enhancing the robustness of causal inference (e.g., in a 2010 paper that showed that altruistic behavior in college

and not at all: System 3 jumps the shark". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Archived from the original on 1 August 2021. Retrieved

"Regulatory factor identification for nodal genes in zebrafish by causal inference". Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. 10. doi:10.3389/fcell

Quantitative Social Science. His research has focused on the application of causal inference to epidemiology, as well as on the relationship between religion and

Sander Greenland, Charles Poole, Timothy J Lash, ch 2 "Causation and causal inference", in Modern Epidemiology, 3rd edn (Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams

2016. "Rejecting a paper can get you killed « Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science". statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu. Retrieved May

2019) Causality in the Time of Cholera: John Snow As a Prototype for Causal Inference. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3262234 Holzman, Robert S. (2021).

patterns of Jews and other religious groups". Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. Archived from the original on February 15, 2015

depression aids locus discovery, fine mapping, gene prioritization and causal inference". Nature Genetics. 56 (2): 222–233. doi:10.1038/s41588-023-01596-4