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alternate case: arab–Byzantine wars
Michael of Synnada
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Michael of Synnada or Michael the Confessor (Greek: Μιχαὴλ ὁ ὁμολογητής; died 23 May 826) was a metropolitan bishop of Synnada from 784/7 to 815. He representedGeorge Maniakes (758 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
George Maniakes (Greek: Γεώργιος Μανιάκης; Italian: Giorgio Maniace; died 1043) was a prominent general of the Byzantine Empire during the 11th centuryAsad ibn al-Furat (258 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Asad Ibn Al-Furat (Arabic: أسد بن الفرات; c.759 – c.828) was a Muslim jurist and theologian in Ifriqiya, who played an important role in the Arab conquestBattle of Garigliano (587 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The Battle of Garigliano was fought in 915 between Christian forces and the Saracens. Pope John X personally led the Christian forces into battle. TheLeo IV the Khazar (768 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Leo IV the Khazar (Greek: Λέων ὁ Χάζαρος, Leōn ho Khazaros; 25 January 750 – 8 September 780) was Byzantine emperor from 775 to 780 AD. He was born toGiustiniano Participazio (483 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Giustiniano Participazio (Latin: Agnellus Iustinianus Particiacus; died 829) was the eleventh (traditional) or ninth (historical) Doge of Venice from 825Manjutakin (823 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Manjutakin (Arabic: منجوتكين) was a military slave (ghulam) of the Fatimid Caliph al-Aziz (r. 975–996). Of Turkic origin, he became one of the leadingLeo Apostyppes (338 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Leo Apostyppes or Apostoupes (Greek: Λέων ὁ Ἀποστύππης/Ἀποστούπης) was a Byzantine military leader active in the 880s. He appears in 880, as military governorJohn Kaminiates (524 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
John Kaminiates (Greek: Ιωάννης Καμινιάτης, fl. tenth century) was a Greek resident of Thessalonica when the city, then one of the largest in the ByzantineTervel of Bulgaria (1,591 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Khan Tervel (Bulgarian: Тервел), also called Tarvel, Terval, or Terbelis in Byzantine sources, was the ruler (khan) of Bulgaria during the First BulgarianBakjur (915 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Bakjur was a Circassian military slave (mamluk or ghulam) who served the Hamdanids of Aleppo and later the Fatimids of Egypt. He seized control of AleppoJohn I Tzimiskes (1,733 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
John I Tzimiskes (Greek: Ἰωάννης ὁ Τζιμισκής, romanized: Iōánnēs ho Tzimiskēs; c. 925 – 10 January 976) was the senior Byzantine emperor from 969 to 976Battle of Caltavuturo (511 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The Battle of Caltavuturo was fought in 881 or 882 between the Byzantine Empire and the Aghlabid emirate of Ifriqiya, during the Muslim conquest of SicilyUmar al-Aqta (1,339 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
general John Kourkouas in 934. Like many other protagonists of the Arab–Byzantine Wars, ʿUmar figures in both Arab and Byzantine legend. In the Arab epicYazid ibn Abi Sufyan (959 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan ibn Harb ibn Umayya (Arabic: يزيد بن أبي سفيان بن حرب بن أمية, romanized: Yazīd ibn Abī Sufyān ibn Ḥarb ibn Umayya; died 639) wasMarianos Argyros (1,651 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Marianos Argyros (Greek: Μαριανός Ἀργυρός, fl. 944 – 16 August 963) was a Byzantine aristocrat and member of the Argyros family. A monk, in 944 he supportedMuhammad ibn Marwan (748 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Muḥammad ibn Marwān ibn al-Ḥakam (Arabic: محمد بن مروان) (died 719/720) was an Umayyad prince and one of the most important generalsNiketas Ooryphas (664 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Niketas Oryphas or Oöryphas (Ancient Greek: Νικήτας ὁ Ὀρύφας or Ὠορυφᾶς, fl. 860–873) was a distinguished Byzantine official, patrikios, and admiral underAl-Mu'izz li-Din Allah (1,713 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Tamim Ma'ad al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah (Arabic: أبو تميم معد المعزّ لدين الله, romanized: Abū Tamīm Maʿad al-Muʿizz li-Dīn Allāh, lit. 'Glorifier of theAbu Firas al-Hamdani (1,380 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Harith ibn Abi’l-ʿAlaʾ Saʿid ibn Hamdan al-Taghlibi (932–968), better known by his pen name Abu Firas al-Hamdani (Arabic: أبو فراس الحمداني), was anAdi ibn Hatim (516 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Adi ibn Hatim al-Tai (Arabic: عدي بن حاتم الطائي, romanized: ʿAdī ibn Ḥātim al-Ṭāʾī) was a leader of the Arab tribe of Tayy, and one of the companionsHisham ibn Abd al-Malik (2,878 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (Arabic: هِشَام ابْن عَبْد الْمَلِك ٱبْن مَرْوَان, romanized: Hishām ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān; c. 691 – 6 FebruaryTheodore (brother of Heraclius) (899 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Theodore (Latin: Theodorus, Greek: Θεόδωρος; fl. c. 610 – 636) was the brother (or half-brother) of the Byzantine emperor Heraclius (r. 610–641), a curopalatesAbu Ayyub al-Ansari (1,521 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (Arabic: أبو أيوب الأنصاري, romanized: Abū Ayyūb al-Anṣārī, Turkish: Ebu Eyyûb el-Ensarî, died c. 674) — born Khalid ibn Zayd ibn KulaybAhmad ibn Ziyadat Allah ibn Qurhub (973 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ahmad ibn Ziyadat Allah ibn Qurhub, commonly known simply as Ibn Qurhub, ruled Sicily in rebellion against the Fatimid Caliphate, from 913 to 916. He launchedLeo Phokas the Younger (440 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Leo Phokas or Phocas (Greek: Λέων Φωκᾶς, c. 915–920 – after 971) was a prominent Byzantine general who scored a number of successes in the eastern frontierLeo Phokas the Younger (440 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Leo Phokas or Phocas (Greek: Λέων Φωκᾶς, c. 915–920 – after 971) was a prominent Byzantine general who scored a number of successes in the eastern frontierUsama ibn Zayd (1,043 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Usaamah ibn Zayd ibn Haritha al-Kalbi (Arabic: أسامة بن زيد بن حارثة الكلبي, romanized: ʾUsāma ibn Zayd ibn Ḥāritha al-Kalbī) was an early Muslim and companionHusayn ibn Numayr al-Sakuni (432 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Ḥuṣayn ibn Numayr al-Sakūnī (died 5/6 August 686) was a leading general of the early Umayyad Caliphate, from the Sakun subtribe of the Kinda. A manNasar (498 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Nasar (Greek: Νάσαρ), originally baptized Basil (Greek: Βασίλειος), was a distinguished Byzantine military leader in the Byzantine–Arab conflicts of theBattle of Ostia (555 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The naval Battle of Ostia took place in 849 in the Tyrrhenian Sea between a Muslim fleet and an Italian league of Papal, Neapolitan, Amalfitan, and GaetanKhalid ibn Barmak (1,826 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Khalid ibn Barmak (709–781/82; Arabic: خالد بن برمك) was the first prominent member of the Barmakids, an important Buddhist family from Balkh, which convertedChrysocheir (560 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Chrysocheir (Greek: Χρυσόχειρ), also known as Chrysocheres, Chrysocheris, or Chrysocheiros (Χρυσόχερης/Χρυσόχερις/Χρυσόχειρος), all meaning "goldhand"Katakalon Kekaumenos (506 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Katakalon Kekaumenos (Greek: Κατακαλὼν Κεκαυμένος) was a prominent Byzantine general of the mid-11th century. Katakalon Kekaumenos was born in KoloneiaHimerios (admiral) (493 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Himerios (Greek: Ὶμέριος), also Himerius, was a Byzantine administrator and admiral of the early 10th century, best known as the commander of the ByzantineAl-Hasan ibn Qahtaba (497 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Hasan ibn Qahtaba ibn Shabib al-Ta'i (Arabic: الحَسَن بن قَحْطَبَة بن شبيب الطائي) was a senior military leader in the early Abbasid Caliphate. He wasTheodore Trithyrius (429 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Theodore Trithyrius (Greek: Θεόδωρος Τριθύριος; died 636), commonly known by his title as Theodore the Sacellarius, was a Byzantine treasurer of the stateTheodore Rshtuni (969 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Theodore or Theodoros Rshtuni (Old Armenian: Թէոդորոս Ռշտունի, romanized: T῾ēodoros Ṙštuni, Armenian pronunciation: [tʰɛodoɾos ərəʃtuni]; AD 590–655 orConstantine Dalassenos (duke of Antioch) (1,376 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Constantine Dalassenos (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Δαλασσηνός, romanized: Kōnstantinos Dalassēnos) was a prominent Byzantine aristocrat of the first half of theDamian Dalassenos (773 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Damian Dalassenos (Greek: Δαμιανός Δαλασσηνός; ca. 940 – 19 July 998) was a Byzantine aristocrat and the first known member of the Dalassenos noble familyTheophobos (977 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Theophobos (Greek: Θεόφοβος) or Theophobus, originally Nasir (Persian: ناصر), Nasr (نصر), or Nusayr (نصیر), was a commander of the Khurramites who convertedSa'id ibn Hamdan (716 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Sa'id ibn Hamdan (Arabic: ابو علاء سعيد بن حمدان, romanized: Abu ʿAlāʾ Saʿīd ibn Ḥamdān) was an early member of the Hamdanid dynasty who served as provincialHeraclius (brother of Tiberius III) (613 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Heraclius (Greek: Ἡράκλειος, Herakleios) was the brother of the Byzantine emperor Tiberius III (r. 698–705) and the Byzantine Empire's leading generalUqba ibn Amir (534 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Uqba ibn Amir al-Juhani (Arabic: عقبة بن عامر الجهني, romanized: ʿUqba ibn ʿĀmir al-Juhanī; died 677/78) was a companion of the Islamic prophet MuhammadHarthama ibn A'yan (834 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Harthama ibn A'yan (Arabic: هرثمة بن أعين; died June 816) was a Khurasan-born general and governor of the early Abbasid Caliphate, serving under the caliphsAbdallah ibn Abd al-Malik (741 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
ʿAbdallāh ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān (Arabic: عبد الله بن عبد الملك; in Greek sources Ἀβδελᾶς, Abdelas) was an Umayyad prince, the son of Caliph AbdKhalid ibn Sa'id (252 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Khālid ibn Saʿīd ibn al-ʿĀṣ (Arabic: خالد بن سعيد بن العاص; d. 634 CE), also known as Abu Sa'id, was a companion to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and aAbd Allah ibn Ali (1,459 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī (Arabic: أبو محمد عبد الله بن علي; c. 712 – 764 CE) was a member of the Abbasid dynasty, and played a leading role inRustam ibn Baradu (542 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Rustam ibn Baradu (Arabic: رستم بن بردو) or Rustum ibn Bardu, surnamed al-Farghani ("from Farghana"), was a military commander for the Abbasid CaliphateYazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani (477 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani (Arabic: يزيد بن مزيد الشيباني, romanized: Yazīd ibn Mazyad al-Shaybānī; died 801) was an Arab general and governor who servedMichael Spondyles (445 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Michael Spondyles (Greek: Μιχαὴλ Σπονδύλης, Italian: Michele Sfrondilo) was a high-ranking Byzantine courtier who became governor of Antioch, and thenRashid al-Dawla Mahmud (619 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Salama Mahmud ibn Nasr ibn Salih Arabic: محمود بن نصر بن صالح المرداسي, romanized: Abū Salama Maḥmūd ibn Naṣr ibn Ṣāliḥ, also known by his laqab (honorificElpidius (rebel) (562 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Elpidius or Elpidios (Ancient Greek: Ἐλπίδιος) was a Byzantine aristocrat and governor of Sicily, who was accused of conspiring against Empress Irene ofAbu'l-Qasim Ali ibn al-Hasan al-Kalbi (474 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu'l-Qasim Ali ibn al-Hasan al-Kalbi (Arabic: أبو القاسم علي بن الحسن الكلبي, romanized: Abū al-Qāsim ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan al-Kalbī), known to the ByzantineSa'd al-Dawla (1,663 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu 'l-Ma'ali Sharif, more commonly known by his honorific title, Sa'd al-Dawla (Arabic: سعد الدولة), was the second ruler of the Hamdanid Emirate of AleppoGuaram II of Iberia (159 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Guaram II (Georgian: გუარამ II), of the Guaramid dynasty, was a presiding prince of Iberia (Kartli, eastern Georgia) from 684/85 to c. 693. He was a hereditaryUmm Hakim bint al-Harith ibn Hisham (554 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Umm Ḥakīm bint al-Ḥārith ibn Hishām (Arabic: أم حكيم بنت الحارث إبن هشام) was a female disciple (known in Arabic as Sahaba or companions ) of Islamic prophetJustinian II (3,049 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Justinian II (Greek: Ἰουστινιανός, romanized: Ioustinianós; Latin: Iustinianus; 668/69 – 4 November 711), nicknamed "the Slit-Nosed" (Greek: ὁ ῬινότμητοςPeter (stratopedarches) (1,137 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Peter (Greek: Πέτρος; died 977) was a Byzantine eunuch general. Originally a servant of the powerful Cappadocian Phokas family, he was raised to high militaryYazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani (477 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani (Arabic: يزيد بن مزيد الشيباني, romanized: Yazīd ibn Mazyad al-Shaybānī; died 801) was an Arab general and governor who servedConstantine Kontomytes (275 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Constantine Kontomytes or Contomytes (Greek: Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ Κοντομύτης, fl. 841–860) was a Byzantine general and nobleman. As the governor (strategos)Ali ibn Yahya al-Armani (634 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
'Alī ibn Yaḥyā al-Armanī (Arabic: علي بن يحيى الأرمني) was a famed Muslim military commander of the mid-9th century, involved in the border warfare withNicholas Picingli (462 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Nicholas Epigingles (Greek: Νικόλαος Ἐπιγίγγλης), better known by his Latinized surname Picingli, was a Byzantine general active in southern Italy andAhmad ibn Kayghalagh (1,084 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ahmad ibn Kayghalagh (Arabic: أحمد بن كيغلغ) was an Abbasid military officer of Turkic origin who served as governor in Syria and Egypt. He was oustedKarbeas (842 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Karbeas (Ancient Greek: Καρβέας), also Karbaias (Καρβαίας), was a Paulician leader, who, following the anti-Paulician pogroms in 843, abandoned his serviceAl-Harith ibn Hisham (700 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Ḥārith ibn Hishām ibn al-Mughīra ibn ʿAbd Allāh (died 634, 636 or 639), was a companion of Muhammad, a noble of the Banu Makhzum and a participant inMichael Bourtzes (1,933 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Michael Bourtzes (Greek: Μιχαήλ Βούρτζης, Arabic: Miḥā’īl al-Burdjī; ca. 930/35 – after 996) was a leading Byzantine general of the latter 10th centuryBasil I (3,453 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Basil I, nicknamed "the Macedonian" (Ancient Greek: Βασίλειος ὁ Μακεδών, romanized: Basíleios ō Makedṓn; 811 – 29 August 886), was Byzantine emperor fromAntony the Younger (609 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Saint Antony the Younger (Greek: Ἀντώνιος ὁ Νέος; 785 – 11 November 865) was a Byzantine military officer who became a monk and saint. He is commemoratedValentinus (usurper) (746 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Valentinus (Ancient Greek: Οὐαλεντῖνος, romanized: Oualentĩnos or Ancient Greek: Βαλεντῖνος, romanized: Balentĩnos; died 644 or 645), sometimes anglicizedEustathios Argyros (general under Leo VI) (1,279 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Eustathios Argyros (Greek: Εὐστάθιος Ἀργυρός; died ca. 910) was a Byzantine aristocrat and one of the most prominent generals under Emperor Leo VI theMufarrij ibn Daghfal ibn al-Jarrah (2,525 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Mufarrij ibn Daghfal ibn al-Jarrah al-Tayyi (fl. ca. 977–1013), in some sources erroneously called Daghfal ibn Mufarrij, was an emir of the Jarrahid familyAbu'l-Fawaris Muhammad ibn Nasir al-Dawla (189 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abū'l-Fawāris Muḥammad ibn Nāṣir al-Dawla was a Hamdanid prince, active as a governor and general for his uncle, Sayf al-Dawla, Emir of Aleppo. Abu'l-FawarisGregory the Patrician (1,238 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Gregory the Patrician (Greek: Γρηγόριος, romanized: Grēgórios; Latin: Flavius Gregorius, died 647) was a Byzantine Exarch of Africa (modern Tunisia, easternAl-Qasim ibn Harun al-Rashid (558 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Qāsim ibn Hārūn ar-Rāshīd ibn Muḥammad al-Mahdī (Arabic: القاسم بن هارون الرشيد) was an Abbasid prince, the third son of the Abbasid caliph Harun al-RashidSiege of Aleppo (212 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
to: Siege of Aleppo (637), during the Arab–Byzantine wars Siege of Aleppo (969), during the Arab–Byzantine wars by general Peter Siege of Aleppo (977)Niketas Chalkoutzes (298 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
between the Byzantines and the Arabs. Miniature from the Madrid Skylitzes Allegiance Byzantine Empire Rank General Battles / wars Arab–Byzantine warsAlexios Mosele (Caesar) (783 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Alexios Mosele (Ancient Greek: Ἀλέξιος Μωσηλέ) or Musele/Mousele (Μουσελέ) was a Byzantine aristocrat and general, chosen by Emperor Theophilos (r. 829–842)Niketas the Persian (345 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Niketas was a 7th-century Byzantine officer. He was the son and heir of the Sasanian Persian general and briefly shahanshah, Shahrbaraz. Niketas was theLeon I of Abkhazia (312 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Leon I of Abkhazia was the hereditary prince (Eristavi) of Abkhazia, ruling sometime between 720 - 740, or from c. 745 - 767, and a vassal to the ByzantineYa'qub ibn Ishaq al-Tamimi (349 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Tamimi (Arabic: يعقوب بن إسحاق التميمي) was a pirate in Fatimid service who led a major raid against the Italian coasts, Sardinia andNiketas Abalantes (537 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Niketas, possibly surnamed Abalantes (Greek: Νικήτας [Αβαλάντης]), was a Byzantine military commander who in 964 led a major expedition against the FatimidMichael Melissenos (330 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Michael Melissenos (Greek: Μιχαὴλ Μελισσηνός) was a notable Byzantine aristocrat and general during the reign of Emperor Constantine V (r. 741–775). MichaelUjayf ibn Anbasa (475 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ujayf ibn Anbasa (Arabic: عجيف بن عنبسة) (died 838) was one of the senior-most military leaders of the Abbasid Caliphate under the caliphs al-Ma'mun and42 Martyrs of Amorium (642 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The 42 Martyrs of Amorium (Ancient Greek: οἰ ἅγιοι μβ′ μάρτυρες τοῦ Ἀμορίου) were a group of Byzantine senior officials taken prisoner by the Abbasid CaliphateElias of Enna (520 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Saint Elias of Enna, born John Rachites (Ancient Greek: Ἰωάννης Ῥαχίτης; 822/823 in Enna – August 17, 903 in Thessalonica), is venerated as a saint byGennadius (7th century) (788 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Gennadius (Greek: Γεννάδιος, romanized: Gennádios, died c. 665), was a Byzantine general who exercised the role of Exarch of Africa from 648 to 665. InThamal al-Dulafi (959 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Thamal al-Dulafi (Arabic: ثمل الدلفي, romanized: Thamal al-Dulafī; fl. 917/8–932) was an Abbasid military commander and longtime governor (wali or amir)Theophylact Dalassenos (514 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Theophylact Dalassenos (Greek: Θεοφύλακτος Δαλασσηνός; born before c. 990 – after 1039) was a Byzantine aristocrat who occupied a series of senior militaryBasil Hexamilites (276 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Basil Hexamilites (Greek: Βασίλειος Ἑξαμιλίτης, fl. 956) was a Byzantine military leader who won a major victory against the Hamdanid navy of Tarsus. AsUjayf ibn Anbasa (475 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ujayf ibn Anbasa (Arabic: عجيف بن عنبسة) (died 838) was one of the senior-most military leaders of the Abbasid Caliphate under the caliphs al-Ma'mun and42 Martyrs of Amorium (642 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The 42 Martyrs of Amorium (Ancient Greek: οἰ ἅγιοι μβ′ μάρτυρες τοῦ Ἀμορίου) were a group of Byzantine senior officials taken prisoner by the Abbasid CaliphateMichael Melissenos (330 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Michael Melissenos (Greek: Μιχαὴλ Μελισσηνός) was a notable Byzantine aristocrat and general during the reign of Emperor Constantine V (r. 741–775). MichaelMu'awiya ibn Hudayj (752 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Nu'aym Mu'awiya ibn Hudayj ibn Jafna ibn Qatira al-Sakuni al-Tujibi al-Kindi Arabic: معاوية بن حديج بن جفنة بن قتيرة التجيبي, was a general of theTheodoulos Parsakoutenos (275 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Theodoulos Parsakoutenos (Greek: Θεόδουλος Παρσακουτηνός) was a Byzantine general who married into the Phokas clan. He was taken prisoner by the HamdanidSmbat VI Bagratuni (926 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Smbat VI Bagratuni (ca. 670 – 726) was a member of the Bagratuni family who was presiding prince of Armenia with interruptions from 691 to the 710s. DuringAbd al-Rahman ibn Khalid (1,262 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abd al-Rahman ibn Khalid ibn al-Walid (Arabic: عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَن بْنِ خَالِد بْنِ الْوَلِيد, romanized: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Khālid ibn al-Walīd; 616–666)Nasr al-Thamali (255 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Naṣr al-Thamalī (Arabic: نصر الثملي) was an Abbasid military commander and governor (wali or amir) of Tarsus and the borderlands with the Byzantine EmpireAhmad ibn Tughan al-Ujayfi (707 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ahmad ibn Tughan al-Ujayfi (Arabic: أحمد بن توغان العجيفي) was the governor of Tarsus, Antioch, and the Abbasid Caliphate's borderlands in Cilicia (al-thughurYahya ibn al-Hakam (1,089 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Yahya ibn al-Hakam ibn Abi al-As (Arabic: يَحْيَى بْنِ الْحَكَم بْنِ أَبِي الْعَاص, romanized: Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥakam ibn Abī al-ʿĀṣ; died before 700) wasManuel Kourtikes (420 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Manuel Kourtikes or Kourtikios (Ancient Greek: Μανουήλ Κουρτίκης/Κουρτίκιος) was a Byzantine official and military commander in the 940s. The KourtikiosBagrat II Bagratuni (1,313 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Bagrat II Bagratuni (Armenian: Բագրատ Բ Բագրատունի, Arabic: Buqrāṭ ibn Ashūṭ; died after 851) was an Armenian noble of the Bagratid (Bagratuni) familyAbdallah ibn Qais (126 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abdallah ibn Qais (Arabic: عبد الله بن قيس) (Κάϊσος, Kaisos and Ἀβδελᾶς, Abdelas in Greek sources) was an Umayyad military leader active against the ByzantineAbd al-Rahman ibn Awf (2,424 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAwf (Arabic: عبد الرحمن بن عوف) (c. 581–654): 94, 103 was one of the companions of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad. One of the wealthiestTheodore Parsakoutenos (401 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Theodore Parsakoutenos (Greek: Θεόδωρος Παρσακουτηνός) was a Byzantine general in the 960s and nephew of Emperor Nikephoros II Phokas. The family's surnameSergios Niketiates (568 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Sergios Niketiates (Greek: Σέργιος Νικητιάτης, fl. c. 843) was a senior Byzantine official and member of the Amorian dynasty. He is celebrated as a saintAbd al-Aziz ibn Shu'ayb (596 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Shuʿayb ibn ʿUmar al-Qurṭubī al-Ballūṭī (Arabic: عبد العزيز بن شعيب بن عمر القرطبي البلوطي), known as Kouroupas (Greek: Κουρουπᾶς) inEuphemius (Sicily) (1,660 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Euphemius or Euphemios (Greek: Εὐφήμιος) was a Byzantine commander in Sicily, who rebelled against the imperial governor in 826 AD, and invited the AghlabidsMuflih al-Saji (452 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Muflih al-Saji (Arabic: مفلح الساجي) was a Muslim commander and governor of Adharbayjan (Iranian Azerbaijan) from c. 929 to c. 935. As his nisba indicatesBardas Parsakoutenos (448 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Bardas Parsakoutenos (Greek: Βάρδας Παρσακουτηνός) was a Byzantine commander and nephew of Emperor Nikephoros II Phokas. The family's surname (erroneouslyAbu Taghlib (2,191 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Uddat al-Dawla Abu Taghlib Fadl Allah al-Ghadanfar al-Hamdani (Arabic: عدة الدولة أبو تغلب فضل الله الغضنفر الحمداني, romanized: ʿUddat al-Dawla ʿAbū TaghlibPhoteinos (strategos) (274 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Photeinos (Greek: Φωτεινός) was a Byzantine commander and governor active in the 820s. He is first mentioned following the Muslim conquest of the islandTughj ibn Juff (852 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ṭughj ibn Juff ibn Yiltakīn ibn Fūrān ibn Fūrī ibn Khāqān (died 906) was a Turkic military officer who served the Abbasid Caliphate and the autonomousLeo Argyros (9th century) (207 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Leo Argyros (Greek: Λέων Ἀργυρός) was a Byzantine aristocrat and general active in the middle of the 9th century, and the founder of the noble family ofAbdallah II of Ifriqiya (312 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu 'l-Abbas Abdallah II (Arabic: أبو العباس عبد الله, Abū l-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh; died 27 July 903) was the Emir of Ifriqiya from 902 to 903. Mounting reportsBushra al-Thamali (238 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Bashir or Bushra al-Thamali (Arabic: بشرى الثملي, romanized: Bushrā al-Thamalī) was an Abbasid military commander and governor (wali or amir) of TarsusNikephoros Parsakoutenos (340 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Nikephoros Parsakoutenos (Greek: Νικηφόρος Παρσακουτηνός) was a Byzantine nobleman and nephew of Emperor Nikephoros II Phokas (r. 963–969). The family'sEustathios Argyros (admiral under Leo VI) (628 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Eustathios Argyros (Greek: Εύστάθιος Άργυρός) was a Byzantine admiral under Emperor Leo VI the Wise (r. 886–912). Eustathios Argyros first appears duringUmayr ibn al-Hubab al-Sulami (999 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
ʿUmayr ibn al-Ḥubāb al-Sulamī (Arabic: عمير بن الحباب السلمي) (died 689) was a chieftain of the Banu Sulaym tribe, an erstwhile Umayyad general and a mainNikephoros II Phokas (4,113 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Nikephoros II Phokas (Greek: Νικηφόρος Φωκᾶς, Nikēphóros Phōkãs; c. 912 – 11 December 969), Latinized Nicephorus II Phocas, was Byzantine emperor fromMakroioannes (192 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The patrikios Makroioannes (Greek: Μακροϊωάννης; "long John", evidently a sobriquet) was a Byzantine naval commander who commanded the fleet in the expeditionIbn al-Zayyat (governor of Tarsus) (259 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Ibn al-Zayyat (Arabic: إبن الزيات) was the governor of Tarsus from ca. 956 until 962 for the Abbasid caliph al-Muti and Hamdanid ruler Sayf al-Dawla. HeSa'id al-Dawla (1,168 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu'l-Fada'il Sa'id al-Dawla (Arabic: أبو الفضائل سعيد الدولة) was the third Hamdanid ruler of the Emirate of Aleppo. He succeeded his father Sa'd al-DawlaTheophilos Kourkouas (749 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Theophilos Kourkouas (Greek: Θεόφιλος Κουρκούας, fl. ca. 920–960s) was a distinguished Byzantine general in the 10th century. He was also the grandfatherQarghuyah (517 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Qarghuyah or Qarquya was an important Arab administrator in the Hamdanid Dynasty under Sayf al-Dawla, who would go on to control Aleppo himself and evenDamian of Tarsus (635 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Damian of Tarsus (Greek: Δαμιανός ό Ταρσεύς, Arabic: دميانه الطرسوسي, romanized: Damyanah al-Tarsusi; died 924), surnamed Ghulam Yazman ("slave/page ofMakroioannes (192 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The patrikios Makroioannes (Greek: Μακροϊωάννης; "long John", evidently a sobriquet) was a Byzantine naval commander who commanded the fleet in the expeditionMalik ibn Kaydar (292 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Malik ibn Kaydar (Arabic: مالك بن كيدر; died 848) was a Sogdian military officer for the Abbasid Caliphate in the ninth century. The son of Kaydar NasrMuhammad ibn Ali al-Armani (117 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Muhammad ibn Ali al-Armani (Arabic: محمد بن علي الأرمني) was the son of the Abbasid military commander Ali al-Armani ("Ali the Armenian"), celebrated forBishr al-Afshini (405 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Bishr al-Afshini (Arabic: بشر الأفشيني) was a military commander for the Abbasid Caliphate and the governor (wali) of Tarsus from 912/3 until at leastRomanos Kourkouas (527 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Romanos Kourkouas (Greek: Ῥωμανός Κουρκούας) was a Byzantine aristocrat and senior military leader in the mid-10th century. Romanos was a scion of theZuhayr ibn Qays (688 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Zuhayr ibn Qays al-Balawī (Arabic: زهير بن قيس البلوي) (died 688) was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and an Arab commander who fought in theAbu al-Muhajir Dinar (1,003 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu al-Muhajir Dinar (Arabic: أبو المهاجر دينار) was a governor of Ifriqiya under the Umayyad Caliphate and lead the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb. HeAl-Hasan ibn Ali al-Kalbi (1,663 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi al-Husayn al-Kalbi (Arabic: ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻴﻦ الكلبي, romanized: al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī al-Ḥusayn al-Kalbī), knownMuhammad I ibn al-Aghlab (538 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu'l-Abbas Muhammad I ibn al-Aghlab (Arabic: أبو العباس محمد الأول بن الأغلب) (died 856) was the fifth emir of the Aghlabid dynasty, who ruled over IfriqiyaIyad ibn Ghanm (2,220 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Iyad ibn Ghanm ibn Zuhayr al-Fihri (Arabic: عياض بن غنم بن زهير الفهري, romanized: ʿIyāḍ ibn Ghanm ibn Zuhayr al-Fihrī; died 641) was an Arab commanderItakh (731 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Aytākh or Ītākh al-Khazarī (Arabic: إيتاخ الخزري) was a leading commander in the Turkic army of the Abbasid caliph al-Mu'tasim (r. 833-842 C.E.). As theBasil Lekapenos (1,816 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Basil Lekapenos (Greek: Βασίλειος Λεκαπηνός, romanized: Basíleios Lekapēnós; c. 925 – c. 985), also called the Parakoimomenos (ὁ παρακοιμώμενος) or theShu'ayb ibn Ahmad (160 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Shu'ayb ibn Ahmad (Arabic: شعيب بن أحمد) was the eighth Emir of Crete, reigning from c. 940–943. The surviving records on the internal history and rulersHabib ibn Maslama al-Fihri (1,359 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ḥabīb ibn Maslama al-Fihrī (Arabic: حبيب بن مسلمة الفهري; c. 617–c. 662) was an Arab general during the Early Muslim conquests, under Mu'awiyah ibn AbiAbu'l-Asha'ir Ahmad ibn Nasr (315 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu'l-Asha'ir Ahmad ibn Nasr (Arabic: أبو الأشاعر أحمد بن نصر) (died 2 November 906) was a military commander for the Abbasid Caliphate and the governorTheophilos (emperor) (4,093 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Theophilos (Greek: Θεόφιλος, romanized: Theóphilos, sometimes Latinised as Theophilus; c. 812 – 20 January 842) was Byzantine Emperor from 829 until hisThabit ibn Nasr (334 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Thabit ibn Nasr ibn Malik al-Khuza'i (Arabic: ثابت بن نصر الخزاعي) (died 813/14) was an Abbasid general and governor of the Cilician frontier zone (al-thughurLu'lu' al-Kabir (1,402 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Muhammad Lu'lu', surnamed al-Kabir ("the Elder") and al-Jarrahi al-Sayfi ("[servant] of the Jarrahids and Sayf al-Dawla"), was a military slave (ghulam)Muqallid ibn Kamil (438 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Muqallid ibn Kamil ibn Mirdas (Arabic: مقلد بن كامل بن مرداس) (fl. 1030–1050) was a member of the Mirdasid dynasty, a commander of the Banu Kilab and atAl-Qa'qa ibn Amr (2,100 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Qaʿqāʿ ibn ʿAmr ibn Mālik Al-Tamīmī (Arabic: القعقاع بن عمرو بن مالك التميمي الراعي) was an Arab Muslim commander and general in the Rashidun army whoMaslama ibn Yahya al-Bajali (100 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Maslama ibn Yahya al-Bajali (Arabic: مسلمة بن يحيى البجلي) was a Khurasani Arab general and governor of the Abbasid Caliphate. He was the brother of JibrilHusayn ibn Hamdan (2,079 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Husayn ibn Hamdan ibn Hamdun ibn al-Harith al-Taghlibi (Arabic: حسين بن حمدان بن حمدون بن الحارث التغلبي) was an early member of the Hamdanid family, whoSafwan ibn Muattal (859 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Safwan ibn al-Mu'attal al-Sulami (Arabic: صَفْوَان بْنِ الْمُعَطَّل السُّلَمِيّ, romanized: Ṣafwān ibn al-Muʿaṭṭal al-Sulamī; d. 638 or 679) was a sahabiHumayd ibn Ma'yuf al-Hajuri (539 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ḥumayd ibn Ma'yūf al-Ḥajūrī (Arabic: حميد بن معيوف الحجوري) was an Arab commander in Abbasid service in the early 9th century. Humayd hailed from an ArabNeboulos (394 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Neboulos (Greek: Νέβουλος) was a South Slavic military commander in the service of the Byzantine emperor Justinian II (r. 685–695 and 705–711), who defectedJohn Mystikos (789 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
John Mystikos (Greek: Ἰωάννης ὁ Μυστικός; fl. ca. 924–946) was a Byzantine official, who served as the chief minister (paradynasteuon) of the empire inKhaydhar ibn Kawus al-Afshin (3,164 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ḥaydar ibn Kāwūs (Arabic: حيدر بن كاوس, Persian: خِیذَر اِبنِ کاووس, romanized: Kheyzar ebn-e Kāvus), better known by his hereditary title of al-AfshīnAli ibn Yusuf ibn Umar (271 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ali ibn Yusuf ibn Umar (Arabic: علي بن يوسف بن عمر) was the sixth emir of Crete, reigning from c. 915–925. The surviving records on the internal historyAbdallah al-Khazin (98 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abdallah al-Khazin was a military commander who served the Ikhshidids of Egypt. In 956/7, he conquered the town of Ibrim in Nubia, while in 956/7, 960/1Thumama ibn al-Walid (315 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Thumāma ibn al-Walīd ibn Qa‘qā al-‘Absi‘ (Arabic: ثمامة بن الوليد بن قعقاع العبسي) was an Arab general of noble lineage from Syria, who served the AbbasidIbn Mulhim (644 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Makīn al-Dawla al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Mulhim ibn Dīnār al-ʿUqaylī (Arabic: مكين الدولة الحسن بن علي بن ملهم بن دينار العقيلي) (fl. 1053–1062), also knownAli ibn Ahmad (200 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ali ibn Ahmad (Arabic: علي بن أحمد) was the ninth Emir of Crete, reigning from c. 943–949. The surviving records on the internal history and rulers ofYusuf ibn Umar ibn Shu'ayb (330 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Yusuf ibn Umar ibn Shu'ayb (Arabic: يوسف بن عمر بن شعيب) was the fifth Emir of Crete, reigning from c. 910–915. The surviving records on the internal historySa'id ibn Salm al-Bahili (446 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Sa'id ibn Salm al-Bahili was an Arab governor and military commander of the early Abbasid Caliphate. Sa'id was the scion of a prominent family of the BahilaAl-Mansur Billah (4,523 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Tahir Isma'il (Arabic: أبو طاهر إسماعيل, romanized: Abū Ṭāhir ʾIsmāʿīl; January 914 – 18 March 953), better known by his regnal name al-Mansur BillahMuflih (eunuch) (274 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Muflih, surnamed al-Aswad ("the Black") and al-Khadim ("the servant"), was the chief court eunuch under the Abbasid caliph al-Muqtadir (r. 908–932). ByAbu Thabit (280 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Thabit (Arabic: أبو ثابت) served briefly as governor of Tarsus for the Abbasid Caliphate in 900. Governor Ibn al-Ikhshad left him behind in the cityMuflih (eunuch) (274 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Muflih, surnamed al-Aswad ("the Black") and al-Khadim ("the servant"), was the chief court eunuch under the Abbasid caliph al-Muqtadir (r. 908–932). ByAbu Thabit (280 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Thabit (Arabic: أبو ثابت) served briefly as governor of Tarsus for the Abbasid Caliphate in 900. Governor Ibn al-Ikhshad left him behind in the cityAbdallah ibn Malik al-Khuza'i (520 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abdallah ibn Malik al-Khuza'i (Arabic: عبد الله بن مالك الخزاعي) was Arab senior military leader and provincial governor of the early Abbasid CaliphatePhotios (Emirate of Crete) (362 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Photios (Greek: Φώτιος, fl. c. 872/3) was a Byzantine renegade and convert to Islam who served the Emirate of Crete as a naval commander in the 870s. PhotiosManuel the Armenian (2,049 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Manuel the Armenian (Ancient Greek: Μανουήλ ὁ Ἀρμένιος, Armenian: Մանվել Հայ), was a prominent Byzantine general of Armenian origin, active from c. 810Badr al-Hammami (769 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Badr ibn ʿAbdallāh al-Ḥammāmī (Arabic: بدر بن عبدالله الحمّامي) also known as Badr al-Kabīr ("Badr the Elder"), was a general who served the Tulunids andAhmad ibn Umar (243 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ahmad ibn Umar ibn Shu'ayb (Arabic: أحمد بن عمر بن شعيب) was the seventh emir of Crete, reigning from c. 925–940. The surviving records on the internalAl-Fadl ibn Qarin al-Tabari (527 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Fadl ibn Qarin al-Tabari (Arabic: الفضل بن قارن الطبري) was a ninth century military commander and provincial governor for the Abbasid Caliphate. HeRuwayfi ibn Thabit (78 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ruwayfi ibn Thabit al-Ansari (7th century) was the deputy commander of Tripoli for the Egypt-based Umayyad commander Mu'awiya ibn Hudayj. He led the MuslimAl-Harith ibn al-Hakam (815 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Ḥārith ibn al-Ḥakam ibn Abī al-ʿĀṣ ibn Umayya was a senior adviser and cousin of Caliph Uthman (r. 644–656). He played a role in the expedition againstRashiq al-Nasimi (717 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Rashiq al-Nasimi (Arabic: رشيق النسيمي) was the governor of Tarsus for the Hamdanid emir Sayf al-Dawla and Abbasid caliph from 962 until the city's surrenderAtiyya ibn Salih (1,235 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Asad al-Dawla Abū Dhūʿaba ʿAṭiyya ibn Ṣāliḥ (Arabic: عطية بن صالح بن مرداس; died July 1073) was the Mirdasid emir of Aleppo in 1062–1065. Prior to hisJohn Rhadenos (284 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The patrikios John Rhadenos (Greek: Ἰωάννης Ῥαδηνός, also Ῥαδινός, Ῥωδινός in the sources; fl. 917–921/22) was a Byzantine official and military leaderAl-Aziz Billah (4,782 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Mansur Nizar (Arabic: أبو منصور نزار, romanized: Abū Manṣūr Nizār; 10 May 955 – 14 October 996), known by his regnal name as al-Aziz Billah (Arabic:Kesta Styppiotes (453 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Kesta Styppiotes or Stypeiotes (Greek: Κεστά Στυππιώτης/Στυπειώτης; died 11 September 883) was briefly the Domestic of the Schools of the Byzantine EmpireNasr ibn Musharraf al-Rawadifi (374 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Nasr ibn Musharraf al-Rawadifi (Arabic: نصر بن مشرف الروادفي; died 1032) was an Arab chieftain of the Citadel of Maniqa and Jabal al-Rawadif near AntiochAl-Hasan ibn al-Abbas (246 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Ḥasan ibn al-ʿAbbās (Arabic: الحسن بن العباس) was an Aghlabid military commander who fought in Sicily against the Byzantine Empire. He was appointedMichael Toxaras (189 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Michael Toxaras (Greek: Μιχαήλ Τοξαρᾶς) was a Byzantine diplomat. Toxaras is mentioned for the first time as a member of an embassy sent to the AbbasidUrkhuz ibn Ulugh Tarkhan (370 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Urkhuz ibn Ulugh Tarkhan or ibn Yulugh was a Turkish general of the Abbasid Caliphate and governor of Tarsus and of the borderlands with the ByzantineEustathios (governor of the Cibyrrhaeot Theme) (259 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Eustathios (Greek: Εὐστάθιος) was the Byzantine governor (strategos) of the Cibyrrhaeot Theme in ca. 909–912. Eustathios is only mentioned by the De AdministrandoKrateros (strategos of the Cibyrrhaeots) (215 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Krateros (Greek: Κρατερός) was a Byzantine naval commander in the 820s. Very little is known about him. Even his name is unclear, as "Krateros" may beIbn al-Ikhshad (378 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ibn al-Ikhshad or Ibn al-Ikhshid (Arabic: إبن الإخشيد) was the governor of Tarsus for the Abbasid Caliphate from April 898 until his death in battle againstAl-Rabi ibn Yunus (481 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Rabīʾ ibn Yūnus ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Abī Farwa (Arabic: الربيع بن يونس بن عبدالله بن أبي فروة; c. 730 – 785/6) was a freedman who became one of the leadingJalal al-Mulk Ali ibn Muhammad (422 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Jalal al-Mulk Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Ammar (Arabic: جلال الملك علي بن محمد بن عمار) was the ruler (qadi) of Tripoli during the First Crusade. Ali belongedStaurakios Platys (235 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Staurakios Platys (Greek: Σταυράκιος ὁ Πλατύς) was a Byzantine officer who served as the katepano of the Mardaites in the Cibyrrhaeot Theme in ca. 910Al-Husayn ibn Ali al-Maghribi (364 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu'l-Qasim al-Husayn ibn Ali al-Maghribi (Arabic: أبو القاسم الحسين بن علي المغربي) was a senior statesman of Persian origin in the service of the AbbasidAbu'l-Faraj al-Tarsusi (188 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu'l-Faraj al-Tarsusi was a commander from Tarsus who served the Ikhshidids of Egypt. As his nisba indicates, Abu'l-Faraj was originally from Tarsus,Peter of Goulaion (234 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Peter of Goulaion (Greek: Πέτρος τοῦ Γουλαίου or ὁ Γουλαιάτης, romanized: Petros tou Goulaiou/ho Goulaiates) was a Byzantine abbot of the early 9th centuryShibl al-Dawla Nasr (2,962 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Kamil Nasr ibn Salih ibn Mirdas (Arabic: نصر بن صالح بن مرداس, romanized: Abū Kāmil Naṣr ibn Ṣāliḥ ibn Mirdās) (died 22 May 1038), also known by hisAshinas (1,850 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Ja'far Ashinas (Arabic: أبو جعفر أشناس; died 17 or 19 December 844) was a general of the Abbasid caliph Al-Mu'tasim. One of the earliest and most prominentSalim ibn Asad ibn Abi Rashid (726 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Salim ibn Asad ibn Abi Rashid (Arabic: سالم بن أسد بن أبي راشد) was the governor of Sicily for the Fatimid Caliphate for twenty years, from 917 to 937Aban ibn Sa'id (1,460 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Aban ibn Sa'id ibn al-As (Arabic: أبان بن سعيد بن العاص, romanized: Abān ibn Saʿīd ibn al-ʿĀṣ), was one of the scribe companions of the Islamic ProphetPothos Argyros (11th century) (483 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Pothos Argyros or Argyrus (Greek: Πόθος Ἀργυρός; Italian: Potone Argiro or Poto Argiro) was a Byzantine commander, who served as the catepan of Italy duringMiqdad ibn Aswad (3,313 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Miqdad ibn Amr al-Bahrani (Arabic: المقداد بن عمرو ٱلْبَهْرَانِيّ, romanized: al-Miqdād ibn ʿAmr al-Bahrānī), better known as al-Miqdad ibn al-AswadAnushtakin al-Dizbari (4,034 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Sharaf al-Maʿālī Abu Manṣūr Anūshtakīn al-Dizbarī (died January 1042) was a Fatimid statesman and general who became the most powerful Fatimid governorAl-Hasan ibn Ahmad ibn Abi Khinzir (822 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Hasan ibn Ahmad ibn Abi Khinzir (Arabic: الحسن بن أحمد بن أبي خنزير; fl. 909–914) was a Fatimid military commander who served as the first Fatimid governorAbu Sulaym Faraj al-Khadim al-Turki (409 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Sulaym Faraj al-Khadim al-Turki, sometimes erroneously called Faraj ibn Sulaym, was an Abbasid court eunuch and official. In 787, Caliph Harun al-RashidHarun al-Rashid (6,843 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abū Jaʿfar Hārūn ibn Muḥammad ar-Rāshīd (Arabic: أَبُو جَعْفَر هَارُون ٱبْنِ مُحَمَّد ٱلْمَهْدِيّ, romanized: Abū Ja'far Hārūn ibn Muḥammad al-Mahdī),Sa'id ibn Abd al-Malik (1,480 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Sa'id ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (Arabic: سعيد بن عبد الملك بن مروان, romanized: Saʿīd ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān; died 750), also known as Saʿīd al-KhayrAbu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah (5,151 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
ʿĀmir ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Jarrāḥ (Arabic: عامر بن عبدالله بن الجراح; 583–639), better known as Abū ʿUbayda (Arabic: أبو عبيدة) was a Muslim commanderAl-Hakim bi-Amr Allah (5,822 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Ali al-Mansur (Arabic: أبو علي المنصور, romanized: Abū ʿAlī al-Manṣūr; 13 August 985 – 13 February 1021), better known by his regnal name al-HakimYazid I (7,535 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Yazid ibn Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan (Arabic: يزيد بن معاوية بن أبي سفيان, romanized: Yazīd ibn Muʿāwiya ibn ʾAbī Sufyān; c. 646 – 11 November 683), commonlyAl-Hasan ibn Ali Kurah (368 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Ḥasan ibn ʻAlī Kūrah (Arabic: الحسن بن علي كراه) was a military leader of the Abbasid Caliphate under Caliph al-Mu'tadid. Al-Hasan ibn Ali Kurah firstKhalil ibn Ishaq al-Tamimi (1,074 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Khalil ibn Ishaq al-Tamimi (Arabic: خليل بن إسحاق التميمي) was a Sunni Arab military commander, in the service of the Fatimid Caliphate as head of theJa'far ibn Abd al-Wahid ibn Ja'far al-Hashimi (579 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Abdallah Ja'far ibn Abd al-Wahid ibn Ja'far ibn Sulayman ibn Ali al-Hashimi (Arabic: أبو عبد الله جعفر بن عبد الواحد بن جعفر بن سليمان بن علي الهاشمي)Mu'izz al-Dawla Thimal (3,197 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Ulwan Thimal ibn Salih ibn Mirdas (Arabic: أبو علوان ثمال بن صالح بن مرداس, romanized: Abū ʿUlwān Thimāl ibn Ṣāliẖ ibn Mirdās; died 1062), also knownIbrahim II of Ifriqiya (4,550 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Abu Ishaq Ibrahim II ibn Ahmad (Arabic: أبو اسحاق ابراهيم الثاني) (27 June 850 – 23 October 902) was the Emir of Ifriqiya. He ruled from 875 until hisThomas the Slav (5,851 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Thomas the Slav (Greek: Θωμᾶς, romanized: Thōmas, c. 760 – October 823) was a 9th-century Byzantine military commander, most notable for leading a wide-scaleMuhammad ibn Al Fadl (60 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Muhammad ibn Al Fadl was an Aghlabid military commander who fought in Sicily against the Byzantine Empire. He was appointed as the governor of the Aghlabid-controlledAhmad ibn Tulun (6,552 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Ahmad ibn Tulun (Arabic: أحمد بن طولون, romanized: Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn; c. 20 September 835 – 10 May 884) was the founder of the Tulunid dynasty that ruledSabir al-Fata (396 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Sabir al-Fata was a freedman who served the Fatimid caliph al-Mahdi Billah as a governor and military commander. As his sobriquet of al-Fata (lit. 'theBasil II (9,275 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Basil II Porphyrogenitus (Greek: Βασίλειος Πορφυρογέννητος Basíleios Porphyrogénnetos; 958 – 15 December 1025), nicknamed the Bulgar Slayer (Greek: ὁ ΒουλγαροκτόνοςAl-Mu'tasim (10,752 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
which features heavily fictionalized versions of events from the Arab–Byzantine wars. In it, al-Mu'tasim helps the heroes pursue the traitor and apostateVardan II (202 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Vardan II (died 711), was the Mihranid king of Caucasian Albania from 705 to 711 (together with brother Gagik I). Son of king Varaz Trdat I and SparamaNerses Kamsarakan (270 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Nerseh or Nerses Kamsarakan (Armenian: Ներսեհ Կամսարական) was the presiding prince of Armenia in 689–691, backed by the Byzantine Empire. Armenia had beenAmr ibn al-As (7,783 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Amr ibn al-As ibn Wa'il al-Sahmi (Arabic: عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ بْنِ وَائِل السَّهْمِي, romanized: ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ ibn Wāʾil al-Sahmī; c. 573 – 664) wasHamazasp IV Mamikonian (269 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Hamazasp Mamikonian (Armenian: Գրիգոր Մամիկոնյան) was the presiding prince of Armenia in 655–661, when the country was under Arab domination. After theZubayr ibn al-Awwam (15,716 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam ibn Khuwaylid al-Asadi (Arabic: الزُّبَيْر بْن الْعَوَّام بْن خُوَيْلِد الأَسَدِيّ, romanized: al-Zubayr ibn al-ʿAwwām ibn KhuwaylidBattle of Damietta (128 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of Damietta may refer to: Sack of Damietta (853), a part of the Arab–Byzantine wars Siege of Damietta (1169), a part of the Crusader invasions of EgyptTheodore (prefect of Egypt) (3,095 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Theodore (Latin: Theodorus, Greek: Θεόδωρος; fl. 7th century) was a Byzantine military commander who led the Byzantine army in the defence of Egypt duringSiege of Nicaea (disambiguation) (85 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article
of Nicaea may also refer to: Siege of Nicaea (727), part of the Arab–Byzantine Wars Siege of Nicaea (1113), part of the Byzantine–Seljuk Wars Siege of