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Piecewise function
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In mathematics, a piecewise function (also called a piecewise-defined function, a hybrid function, or a function defined by cases) is a function whoseSemi-differentiability (1,323 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
derivative is equal to the right derivative. An example of a semi-differentiable function, which is not differentiable, is the absolute value function fPseudoconvex function (1,457 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
its local minima, but need not actually be convex. Informally, a differentiable function is pseudoconvex if it is increasing in any direction where it hasChetaev instability theorem (246 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{x}})} with an equilibrium point at the origin, a continuously differentiable function V(x) such that the origin is a boundary point of the set G = {Proximal gradient method (589 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
implementable algorithm. They are called proximal because each non-differentiable function among f 1 , . . . , f n {\displaystyle f_{1},...,f_{n}} is involvedBirkhoff interpolation (1,628 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
necessary condition for all values of k {\displaystyle k} . Consider a differentiable function f ( x ) {\displaystyle f(x)} on [ a , b ] {\displaystyle [a,b]}Fabius function (775 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
mathematics, the Fabius function is an example of an infinitely differentiable function that is nowhere analytic, found by Jaap Fabius (1966). This functionHarmonic function (3,458 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
stochastic processes, a harmonic function is a twice continuously differentiable function f : U → R , {\displaystyle f\colon U\to \mathbb {R} ,} where USymmetric rank-one (1,155 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
for sparse or partially separable problems. A twice continuously differentiable function x ↦ f ( x ) {\displaystyle x\mapsto f(x)} has a gradient ( ∇ fOpen mapping theorem (complex analysis) (785 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
and real-differentiability. On the real line, for example, the differentiable function f ( x ) = x 2 {\displaystyle f(x)=x^{2}} is not an open map, asLadyzhenskaya's inequality (794 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle u:\Omega \rightarrow \mathbb {R} } be a weakly differentiable function that vanishes on the boundary of Ω {\displaystyle \Omega } in theBony–Brezis theorem (1,073 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
point of the closed set if there is a real-valued continuously differentiable function maximized locally at the point with that vector as its derivativeKalman's conjecture (702 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
transposition, f(e) is scalar function, and f(0) = 0. Suppose, f(e) is a differentiable function and the following condition k 1 < f ′ ( e ) < k 2 . {\displaystyleBanach manifold (1,441 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
_{j}\left(U_{i}\cap U_{j}\right)} is an r {\displaystyle r} -times continuously differentiable function for every i , j ∈ I ; {\displaystyle i,j\in I;} that is, the rSchlömilch's series (671 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
series is a Fourier series type expansion of twice continuously differentiable function in the interval ( 0 , π ) {\displaystyle (0,\pi )} in terms ofEuler–Lagrange equation (4,855 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Fermat's theorem in calculus, stating that at any point where a differentiable function attains a local extremum its derivative is zero. In LagrangianVector calculus (2,135 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
functions with linear functions that are almost the same. Given a differentiable function f(x, y) with real values, one can approximate f(x, y) for (x, y)Khinchin integral (1,185 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
it can integrate the approximate derivative of an approximately differentiable function (see below for definitions). To do this, one first finds a conditionLinear approximation (1,263 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
approximating solutions to equations. Given a twice continuously differentiable function f {\displaystyle f} of one real variable, Taylor's theorem forWirtinger's inequality for functions (2,656 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
versions of the Wirtinger inequality: Let y be a continuous and differentiable function on the interval [0, L] with average value zero and with y(0) =No free lunch in search and optimization (3,264 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
case where the search space has underlying structure (e.g., is a differentiable function) that can be exploited more efficiently (e.g., Newton's methodTemperature gradient (479 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
is an intensive quantity, i.e., a single-valued, continuous and differentiable function of three-dimensional space (often called a scalar field), i.e.Differentiable vector-valued functions from Euclidean space (3,988 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
differentiable vector-valued function from Euclidean space is a differentiable function valued in a topological vector space (TVS) whose domains is a subsetPaley–Wiener theorem (1,569 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
distribution of compact support and f {\displaystyle f} is an infinitely differentiable function, the expression v ( f ) = v ( x ↦ f ( x ) ) {\displaystyle v(f)=v(x\mapstoDarboux's theorem (analysis) (1,209 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
→ R {\displaystyle f\colon I\to \mathbb {R} } be a real-valued differentiable function. Then f ′ {\displaystyle f'} has the intermediate value property:Stein's lemma (1,296 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
variable with expectation μ and variance σ2. Further suppose g is a differentiable function for which the two expectations E ( g ( X ) ( X − μ ) ) {\displaystyleAvadhesh Narayan Singh (376 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
non-differentiable functions (an example of an everywhere non-differentiable function is the Weierstrass function). Singh published about a dozen papersCategory of manifolds (759 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
underlying topological space and to each p-times continuously differentiable function the underlying continuous function of topological spaces. SimilarlyDirichlet energy (375 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet. Given an open set Ω ⊆ Rn and a differentiable function u : Ω → R, the Dirichlet energy of the function u is the real numberVariational analysis (467 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
variational principle. The classical Fermat's theorem says that if a differentiable function attains its minimum at a point, and that point is an interior pointLaplace's method (7,131 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\int _{a}^{b}e^{Mf(x)}\,dx,} where f {\displaystyle f} is a twice-differentiable function, M {\displaystyle M} is a large number, and the endpoints a {\displaystyleTer-Antonyan function (632 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
10 17 {\displaystyle 10^{15}-10^{17}} eV) by the continuously differentiable function of energy E {\displaystyle E} taking into account the rate of changeHomotopy principle (1,726 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
whose derivative is nowhere vanishing, i.e. a strictly monotone differentiable function, either increasing or decreasing. The space of such functions consistsGeneralizations of the derivative (3,560 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
D_{q}f(x)={\frac {f(qx)-f(x)}{(q-1)x}}.} For x nonzero, if f is a differentiable function of x then in the limit as q → 1 we obtain the ordinary derivativeMean value theorem (divided differences) (323 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
pairwise distinct points x0, ..., xn in the domain of an n-times differentiable function f there exists an interior point ξ ∈ ( min { x 0 , … , x n } ,Tangent vector (1,063 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
n → R {\displaystyle f:\mathbb {R} ^{n}\to \mathbb {R} } be a differentiable function and let v {\displaystyle \mathbf {v} } be a vector in R n {\displaystyleOpen mapping theorem (247 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the inverse function theorem which states that a continuously differentiable function between Euclidean spaces whose derivative matrix is invertibleLogarithmically convex function (988 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
X, then it vanishes everywhere in the interior of X. If f is a differentiable function defined on an interval I ⊆ R, then f is logarithmically convexSobolev conjugate (499 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle u(x)\in C_{c}^{\infty }(\mathbb {R} ^{n})} , infinitely differentiable function with compact support. Introduce u λ ( x ) := u ( λ x ) {\displaystyleList of mathematical examples (514 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
sequence Illustration of the central limit theorem An infinitely differentiable function that is not analytic Leech lattice Lewy's example on PDEs ListJeffreys prior (2,591 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
statistical model, and θ {\textstyle \theta } is a continuously differentiable function of φ {\textstyle \varphi } , we say that the prior p θ ( θ ) {\textstyleTorsion of a curve (659 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the curve does not vanish. Analytically, r(t) is a three times differentiable function of t with values in R3 and the vectors r ′ ( t ) , r ″ ( t ) {\displaystyleList of mathematical properties of points (400 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Critical point (aka stationary point), any value v in the domain of a differentiable function of any real or complex variable, such that the derivative of vLuzin N property (236 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
it is measurable and its Lebesgue measure is zero as well. Any differentiable function has the Luzin N property. This extends to functions that are differentiableDifferentiation in Fréchet spaces (1,126 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Differentiable vector-valued functions from Euclidean space – Differentiable function in functional analysis Infinite-dimensional vector function – functionDirac delta function (14,230 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
that is transformed by continuously differentiable function. If Y = g(X) is a continuous differentiable function, then the density of Y can be writtenSecond fundamental form (1,444 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
suppose that the surface is the graph of a twice continuously differentiable function, z = f(x,y), and that the plane z = 0 is tangent to the surfaceSurface area (1,505 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
S_{D}:{\vec {r}}={\vec {r}}(u,v),\quad (u,v)\in D} with a continuously differentiable function r → . {\displaystyle {\vec {r}}.} The area of an individual pieceStochastic differential equation (5,634 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{1}{2}}f(X_{t})f'(X_{t})\mathrm {d} t+f(X_{t})\mathrm {d} W_{t}} for a given differentiable function f {\displaystyle f} is equivalent to the Stratonovich SDE d X tLebesgue differentiation theorem (1,697 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
integral. It is also possible to show a converse – that every differentiable function is equal to the integral of its derivative, but this requires aSemimartingale (1,825 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
X is an Rm-valued semimartingale and f is a twice continuously differentiable function from Rm to Rn, then f(X) is a semimartingale. This is a consequenceMassera's lemma (708 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
positive, continuous, nondecreasing function. Then there exists a differentiable function G : [ 0 , ∞ ) → [ 0 , ∞ ) {\displaystyle G:[0,\infty )\rightarrowFréchet derivative (4,810 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
f ( x ) . {\displaystyle A=Df(x).} However, not every Gateaux differentiable function is Fréchet differentiable. This is analogous to the fact that theAnalytic function (2,233 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
x_{0}} . Alternatively, a real analytic function is an infinitely differentiable function such that the Taylor series at any point x 0 {\displaystyle x_{0}}Stratonovich integral (1,775 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\mathrm {d} W_{t},} where f {\displaystyle f} is any continuously differentiable function of two variables W {\displaystyle W} and t {\displaystyle t} andPseudo-differential operator (1,402 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
certain symbol class. For instance, if P(x,ξ) is an infinitely differentiable function on Rn × Rn with the property | ∂ ξ α ∂ x β P ( x , ξ ) | ≤ C αEnvelope (mathematics) (4,489 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
real-valued function, Du is the gradient of u, and F is a continuously differentiable function that is regular in Du. Suppose that u(x;a) is an m-parameter familyFredholm determinant (3,228 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
exists in trace-class norm. If g ( t ) {\displaystyle g(t)} is a differentiable function with values in trace-class operators, then so too is exp g (Constant of integration (1,608 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle 0,} making the goal to prove that an everywhere differentiable function whose derivative is always zero must be constant: Choose a realAlekseev–Gröbner formula (599 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
which states in the deterministic case, that for a continuously differentiable function f ∈ C 1 ( R k , R d ) {\displaystyle f\in C^{1}(\mathbb {R} ^{k}Antiderivative (complex analysis) (1,154 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
{\displaystyle U} . By Cauchy's integral formula, which shows that a differentiable function is in fact infinitely differentiable, a function f {\displaystyleOrnstein–Uhlenbeck operator (947 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
expectation with respect to γn. The gradient operator ∇ acts on a (differentiable) function φ : Rn → R to give a vector field ∇φ : Rn → Rn. The divergenceItô calculus (4,554 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Itô's lemma. In its simplest form, for any twice continuously differentiable function f on the reals and Itô process X as described above, it statesCharles Loewner (1,054 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
with 2 input parameters consisting of (1) a real continuously differentiable function on a subinterval of the real numbers and (2) an n {\displaystyleComputability in Analysis and Physics (616 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
leading up to an example of John Myhill of a computable continuously differentiable function whose derivative is not computable, the remaining two parts ofInjective function (2,589 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
injective. For example, in calculus if f {\displaystyle f} is a differentiable function defined on some interval, then it is sufficient to show that theCoordinate system (2,278 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of coordinates from one coordinate map to another is always a differentiable function. In geometry and kinematics, coordinate systems are used to describeInfinite-dimensional vector function (1,433 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Differentiable vector–valued functions from Euclidean space – Differentiable function in functional analysisPages displaying short descriptions of redirectTransversality (mathematics) (1,742 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
bundle. An extremely special case of this is the following: if a differentiable function from reals to the reals has nonzero derivative at a zero of theMultilinear form (4,632 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
way that correctly accounts for a change-of-coordinates. Given a differentiable function f : R n → R m {\displaystyle f:\mathbb {R} ^{n}\to \mathbb {R}Eigenvalue perturbation (6,240 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(Statement of the theorem ); we notice that for a continuously differentiable function f : R n + m → R m , f : ( x , y ) ↦ f ( x , y ) {\displaystyleCoordinate descent (1,649 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
This process is illustrated below. In the case of a continuously differentiable function F, a coordinate descent algorithm can be sketched as: Choose anEmbedding (2,687 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
function theorem gives a sufficient condition for a continuously differentiable function to be (among other things) locally injective. Every fiber of aHölder condition (2,414 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
\nu \}} . p-variation Hardy, G. H. (1916). "Weierstrass's Non-Differentiable Function". Transactions of the American Mathematical Society. 17 (3): 301–325Fisher information (7,376 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
parametrizations of an estimation problem, and θ is a continuously differentiable function of η, then I η ( η ) = I θ ( θ ( η ) ) ( d θ d η ) 2 {\displaystyleExact differential equation (5,225 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
an exact differential equation if there exists a continuously differentiable function F, called the potential function, so that ∂ F ∂ x = I {\displaystyleInada conditions (798 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
as infinite or zero capital accumulation. Given a continuously differentiable function f : X → Y {\displaystyle f\colon X\to Y} , where X = { x : x ∈Derrick's theorem (1,414 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of Derrick's Theorem. (Above, f ( s ) {\displaystyle f(s)} is a differentiable function with f ′ ( 0 ) = 0 {\displaystyle f'(0)=0} .) The energy of theGiovanni Alberti (mathematician) (475 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
vector field can be realized as the gradient of a continuously differentiable function outside a closed subset of a priori prescribed (small) measureManifold (9,547 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Poincaré defines a manifold as the level set of a continuously differentiable function between Euclidean spaces that satisfies the nondegeneracy hypothesisBochner–Martinelli formula (1,052 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(where the term dζj is omitted). Suppose that f is a continuously differentiable function on the closure of a domain D in C {\displaystyle \mathbb {C} }Carleman matrix (2,942 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
functions, and Markov chains. The Carleman matrix of an infinitely differentiable function f ( x ) {\displaystyle f(x)} is defined as: M [ f ] j k = 1 kDiffeomorphism (4,166 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
0)=(1,0)=f(-1,0)} ). Since the differential at a point (for a differentiable function) D f x : T x U → T f ( x ) V {\displaystyle Df_{x}:T_{x}U\to T_{f(x)}V}Divergence (statistics) (2,629 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
functions on convex sets. Given a strictly convex, continuously differentiable function F on a convex set, known as the Bregman generator, the BregmanBernhard Riemann (2,926 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of a Fourier series representing a continuous, almost nowhere-differentiable function, a case not covered by Dirichlet. He also proved the Riemann–LebesgueHaar's Tauberian theorem (1,033 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
) {\displaystyle \psi (a+iy)} is an n {\displaystyle n} times differentiable function of y {\displaystyle y} and such that the derivative | d n ψ ( aQuasi-analytic function (1,577 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
_{j\geq 1}(M_{j+1}/M_{j})^{1/j}<\infty } . For any infinitely differentiable function f {\displaystyle f} there are quasi-analytic rings C M {\displaystyleTotal derivative (2,711 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle f\colon \mathbb {R} ^{n}\to \mathbb {R} } is a differentiable function of variables x 1 , … , x n {\displaystyle x_{1},\ldots ,x_{n}}Local elevation (1,129 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
conformationally relevant dihedral angles, but can in principle be any differentiable function of the cartesian coordinates r {\displaystyle \mathbf {r} } . TheGeneralized structure tensor (1,955 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\eta )=g(\xi )} , where g {\displaystyle g} is any real valued differentiable function defined on 1D, the image is invariant to rotations (around theFixed-point iteration (2,172 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
method is a root-finding algorithm for finding roots of a given differentiable function f ( x ) {\displaystyle f(x)} . The iteration is x n + 1 = xKoch snowflake (2,165 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the curve as an example of a continuous everywhere yet nowhere differentiable function that was possible to represent geometrically at the time. FromRobert Osserman (1,416 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
instance of his more general result: There does not exist a twice-differentiable function u : ℝn → ℝ such that ∂ 2 u ∂ x 1 2 + ⋯ + ∂ 2 u ∂ x n 2 ≥ e u .Halley's method (2,412 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
beginning with an initial guess x0. If f is a three times continuously differentiable function and a is a zero of f but not of its derivative, then, in a neighborhoodUniversal geometric algebra (1,138 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
differential geometry can be calculated from In(x) if it is a differentiable function. This is the original motivation behind its definition. VectorSpline interpolation (2,446 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
for i = 1, ..., n − 1, then the n polynomials together define a differentiable function in the interval x0 ≤ x ≤ xn, and for i = 1, ..., n, where If theATS theorem (1,798 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
literature the Van der Corput lemma. Let f {\displaystyle f} be a real differentiable function in the interval ] a , b ] , {\displaystyle ]a,b],} moreover, insideGateaux derivative (2,514 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Differentiable vector-valued functions from Euclidean space – Differentiable function in functional analysis Differentiation in Fréchet spaces FractalProduct rule (4,162 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
states: if c is a number, and f ( x ) {\displaystyle f(x)} is a differentiable function, then c ⋅ f ( x ) {\displaystyle c\cdot f(x)} is also differentiableLaplace operator (4,682 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the following fact about averages. Given a twice continuously differentiable function f : R n → R {\displaystyle f:\mathbb {R} ^{n}\to \mathbb {R} }Comparative statics (2,388 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle x^{*}(q)} may be viewed locally as a continuously differentiable function, and the local response of x ∗ ( q ) {\displaystyle x^{*}(q)} toUtility maximization problem (2,267 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
be taken to find the utility maximising bundle as it is a non differentiable function. Therefore, intuition must be used. The consumer will maximiseGeneralized Ozaki cost function (1,517 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
These FFFs can provide a second-order approximation to any twice-differentiable function that meets the necessary regulatory conditions, including basicUnbounded operator (4,666 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
_{h\to 0}{\frac {f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}},\qquad \forall x\in [0,1].} Every differentiable function is continuous, so C1([0, 1]) ⊆ C([0, 1]). We claim that d/dx :Field (physics) (4,401 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
temperature T is an intensive quantity, i.e., a single-valued, differentiable function of three-dimensional space (a scalar field), i.e., that T = T (Phragmén–Lindelöf principle (2,002 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
known that the modulus (absolute value) of a holomorphic (complex differentiable) function in the interior of a bounded region is bounded by its modulus onLeibniz's notation (3,099 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
right it is expressed in terms of u. If y = f(x) where f is a differentiable function that is invertible, the derivative of the inverse function, ifThree-dimensional space (4,825 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
SO(3). In a rectangular coordinate system, the gradient of a (differentiable) function f : R 3 → R {\displaystyle f:\mathbb {R} ^{3}\rightarrow \mathbbArea (5,365 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
general formula for the surface area of the graph of a continuously differentiable function z = f ( x , y ) , {\displaystyle z=f(x,y),} where ( x , y ) ∈ DDifferential geometry (5,964 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
far as possible from being associated with the level sets of a differentiable function on M (the technical term is "completely nonintegrable tangent hyperplaneHenstock–Kurzweil integral (2,872 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
satisfactory version of the second fundamental theorem of calculus: each differentiable function is, up to a constant, the integral of its derivative: F ( x ) −Creation and annihilation operators (4,463 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
can be simplified by considering their effect on an arbitrary differentiable function f ( q ) , {\displaystyle f(q),} ( d d q q − q d d q ) f ( q ) =Fréchet space (5,040 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle k.} If P : U → Y {\displaystyle P:U\to Y} is a continuously differentiable function, then the differential equation x ′ ( t ) = P ( x ( t ) ) , x (Taylor series (8,229 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
can appear as coefficients in the Taylor series of an infinitely differentiable function defined on the real line, a consequence of Borel's lemma. As aLong short-term memory (5,814 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
circles containing an S-like curve represent the application of a differentiable function (like the sigmoid function) to a weighted sum. Peephole convolutionalNonlinear mixed-effects model (3,677 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle i} th group/subject, f {\displaystyle f} is a real-valued differentiable function of a group-specific parameter vector ϕ i j {\displaystyle \phiC0-semigroup (2,675 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
There are two concepts of solution of this problem: a continuously differentiable function u: [0, ∞) → X is called a classical solution of the Cauchy problemDirect method in the calculus of variations (2,312 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\mathbb {R} ^{mn}} . The argument of J {\displaystyle J} is a differentiable function u : Ω → R m {\displaystyle u:\Omega \to \mathbb {R} ^{m}} , andLocal homeomorphism (2,758 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the inverse function theorem one can show that a continuously differentiable function f : U → R n {\displaystyle f:U\to \mathbb {R} ^{n}} (where U {\displaystyleMarginal utility (5,883 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
properties from marginalist theory which assumed utility to be a differentiable function of quantified goods and services. Later work attempted to generalizeAerodynamic potential-flow code (1,541 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\cdot \mathbf {n} \,dS} Let Velocity U be a twice continuously differentiable function in a region of volume V in space. This function is the stream functionFisher transformation (1,558 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
transformation, one starts by considering an arbitrary increasing, twice-differentiable function of r {\displaystyle r} , say G ( r ) {\displaystyle G(r)} . FindingShapley value (4,875 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
worth function, for example, assuming v can be represented as differentiable function of a non-atomic measure on I, μ, v ( c ) = f ( μ ( c ) ) {\displaystyleGauge theory (6,822 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
f}{\partial t}}\end{aligned}}} where f is any twice continuously differentiable function that depends on position and time. The electromagnetic fields remainElectromagnetic radiation (10,023 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
_{0}} is a constant vector, f {\displaystyle f} is any second differentiable function, k ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {k} }}} is a unit vector inJensen's inequality (5,129 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
^{2}\geq 0} . Let φ ( x ) {\displaystyle \varphi (x)} be a twice differentiable function, and define the function h ( x ) ≜ φ ( x ) − φ ( μ ) ( x − μ )Marginalism (6,507 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
properties from marginalist theory which assumed utility to be a differentiable function of quantified goods and services. But it came to be seen that indifferenceHouseholder's method (2,984 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
beginning with an initial guess x0. If f is a d + 1 times continuously differentiable function and a is a zero of f but not of its derivative, then, in a neighborhoodSturm–Liouville theory (4,722 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
be much more difficult. Notice that by adding a suitable known differentiable function to y, whose values at a and b satisfy the desired boundary conditionsSturm–Liouville theory (4,722 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
be much more difficult. Notice that by adding a suitable known differentiable function to y, whose values at a and b satisfy the desired boundary conditionsPropagation of uncertainty (4,020 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
… {\displaystyle s_{x},s_{y},s_{z},\ldots } . Any non-linear differentiable function, f ( a , b ) {\displaystyle f(a,b)} , of two variables, a {\displaystyleIntegration by parts (6,879 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle f} is a k {\displaystyle k} -times continuously differentiable function and all derivatives up to the k {\displaystyle k} th one decayFunctional derivative (5,102 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\delta G[\rho ](x)}{\delta \rho (y)}}\ .} If G is an ordinary differentiable function (local functional) g, then this reduces to δ F [ g ( ρ ) ] δ ρInterior-point method (4,691 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\mu )} should converge to a solution of (1). The gradient of a differentiable function h : R n → R {\displaystyle h:\mathbb {R} ^{n}\to \mathbb {R} }Maximum principle (3,699 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Let u : M → R {\displaystyle u:M\to \mathbb {R} } be a twice-differentiable function which attains its maximum value C. Suppose that a i j ∂ 2 u ∂ xEntropy (information theory) (10,220 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
information learned from each event. I(p) is a twice continuously differentiable function of p. Given two independent events, if the first event can yieldComplex number (12,021 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\mathbb {R} ^{2}} , but is not complex differentiable. A real differentiable function is complex differentiable if and only if it satisfies the Cauchy–RiemannParticle in a box (5,885 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
that giving up this demand means that the wave function is not a differentiable function at the boundary of the box, and thus it can be said that the waveLangevin equation (5,246 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
dt+\sigma _{t}\,dB_{t}} says that the differential of a twice-differentiable function f(t, x) is given by d f = ( ∂ f ∂ t + μ t ∂ f ∂ x + σ t 2 2 ∂ 2Kepler orbit (6,020 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(56) follows that i.e. e {\displaystyle \mathbf {e} } is a smooth differentiable function of the state vector ( r , v ) {\displaystyle (\mathbf {r} ,\mathbfMathematical formulation of quantum mechanics (7,911 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
given as follows: The time evolution of the state is given by a differentiable function from the real numbers R, representing instants of time, to thePotential flow (5,209 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
∂x then gives the incompressibility constraint ∇ · v = 0. Any differentiable function may be used for f. The examples that follow use a variety of elementarySpectral theory of ordinary differential equations (9,399 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
} where p is a strictly positive continuously differentiable function and q and r are continuous real-valued functions. For x0 in (aBisection method (6,161 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
⊆ R n {\displaystyle \Omega \subseteq \mathbb {R} ^{n}} and a differentiable function f : R n → R n {\displaystyle f:\mathbb {R} ^{n}\rightarrow \mathbbMetric tensor (8,863 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{f} ].} Let U be an open set in ℝn, and let φ be a continuously differentiable function from U into the Euclidean space ℝm, where m > n. The mapping φRidge detection (4,704 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
( x , σ ) {\displaystyle f(\mathbf {x} ,\sigma )} be a smooth differentiable function on U ⊂ R 2 × R + {\displaystyle U\subset \mathbb {R} ^{2}\timesHilbert space (17,469 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
}{\mathrm {d} x}}f(x)\,,} where i is the imaginary unit and f is a differentiable function of compact support. The multiplication-by-x operator: ( B f ) (Convolutional neural network (15,585 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
into an output volume (e.g. holding the class scores) through a differentiable function. A few distinct types of layers are commonly used. These are furtherExponentiation (13,693 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
continuation shows that the principal nth root is the unique complex differentiable function that extends the usual nth root to the complex plane without theInterval arithmetic (8,175 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
degree k {\displaystyle k} ) is a k + 1 {\displaystyle k+1} times differentiable function f {\displaystyle f} defined by [ f ] ( [ x ] ) := f ( y ) + ∑ iFourier transform (21,313 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{f}}(\xi )\right|^{2}.} Suppose f(x) is an absolutely continuous differentiable function, and both f and its derivative f′ are integrable. Then the FourierRatio of uniforms (2,454 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
^{+}\rightarrow \mathbb {R} ^{+}} is a strictly increasing and differentiable function such that g ( 0 ) = 0 {\displaystyle g(0)=0} , then we can defineLoop quantum gravity (16,616 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
M\}\}_{M=0}=0,} is where O {\displaystyle O} is at least a twice differentiable function on phase space is equivalent to O {\displaystyle O} being a weakBernoulli number (13,044 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Euler–Maclaurin formula. Assuming that f is a sufficiently often differentiable function the Euler–Maclaurin formula can be written as ∑ k = a b − 1 f (Geiringer–Laman theorem (5,841 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
set up to apply the implicit function theorem. Our continuously differentiable function is the rigidity map ρ : R 2 | V | − 3 → R | E | {\displaystyleSquigonometry (1,592 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
functions. Let 1 < p < ∞ {\displaystyle 1<p<\infty } and define a differentiable function F p : [ 0 , 1 ] → R {\displaystyle F_{p}:[0,1]\rightarrow {\mathbbGrunsky matrix (6,334 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Ω is a bounded open region with smooth boundary ∂Ω and h is a differentiable function on Ω extending to a continuous function on the closure, then, byStochastic quantum mechanics (6,916 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
under the above redefinition of the potentials for an arbitrary differentiable function F {\displaystyle F} . In order to construct a stochastic LagrangianPolynomial root-finding (4,030 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
10^{-3}} . The most widely used method for computing a root of any differentiable function f {\displaystyle f} is Newton's method, in which an initial guessFunction of several complex variables (17,717 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the Bochner–Martinelli formula. Suppose that f is a continuously differentiable function on the closure of a domain D on C n {\displaystyle \mathbb {C}Rough path (5,685 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
^{n}} be an ⌊ γ ⌋ {\displaystyle \lfloor \gamma \rfloor } -times differentiable function and the ⌊ γ ⌋ {\displaystyle \lfloor \gamma \rfloor } -th derivativeLocal linearization method (12,708 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(t_{0})=\mathbf {x} _{0}} , where f {\displaystyle \mathbf {f} } is a differentiable function. Let ( t ) h = { t n : n = 0 , . . , N } {\displaystyleTau function (integrable systems) (6,689 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
N_{n})}{\partial \alpha _{i}}}=\{f,H_{i}\},\quad 1\leq i\leq n} for any differentiable function f ( N 1 , … , N n ) {\displaystyle f(N_{1},\dots ,N_{n})} . TheGlossary of real and complex analysis (4,371 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
)} . subanalytic subanalytic. subharmonic A twice continuously differentiable function f {\displaystyle f} is said to be subharmonic if Δ f ≥ 0 {\displaystyle