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searching for Order theory 198 found (553 total)

alternate case: order theory

Theory (mathematical logic) (1,686 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

system". By definition, every axiom is automatically a theorem. A first-order theory is a set of first-order sentences (theorems) recursively obtained by

Decidability (logic) (1,901 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

first-order theory of the natural numbers in the signature with equality and multiplication, also called Skolem arithmetic. The first-order theory of Boolean

List of first-order theories (5,269 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

In first-order logic, a first-order theory is given by a set of axioms in some language. This entry lists some of the more common examples used in model

Tarski's axiomatization of the reals (559 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

infix +, and the constant 1. Tarski's axiomatization, which is a second-order theory, can be seen as a version of the more usual definition of real numbers

Gödel's completeness theorem (2,329 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

in first-order logic. The completeness theorem applies to any first-order theory: If T is such a theory, and φ is a sentence (in the same language) and

Real closed field (2,974 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

this is not considered a logical symbol). In this language, the (first-order) theory of real closed fields, T rcf {\displaystyle {\mathcal {T}}_{\text{rcf}}}

Löwenheim–Skolem theorem (2,767 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

countable first-order theory has an infinite model, then for every infinite cardinal number κ it has a model of size κ, and that no first-order theory with an

Extension by definitions (1,453 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

conservative extension of the old one. Let T{\displaystyle T} be a first-order theory and ϕ(x1,…,xn){\displaystyle \phi (x_{1},\dots ,x_{n})} a formula of

Extension by new constant and function names (425 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

\exists x_{m}\,\varphi (x_{1},\ldots ,x_{m})} is a theorem of a first-order theory T {\displaystyle T} . Let T 1 {\displaystyle T_{1}} be a theory obtained

Independence (mathematical logic) (504 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

sentence from other sentences. A sentence σ is independent of a given first-order theory T if T neither proves nor refutes σ; that is, it is impossible to prove

Skolem arithmetic (1,834 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

In mathematical logic, Skolem arithmetic is the first-order theory of the natural numbers with multiplication, named in honor of Thoralf Skolem. The signature

Second-order logic (4,321 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

that the second-order theory of the real numbers cannot be reduced to a first-order theory, in the sense that the second-order theory of the real numbers

Model complete theory (556 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

In model theory, a first-order theory is called model complete if every embedding of its models is an elementary embedding. Equivalently, every first-order

Categorical theory (1,151 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

theorem is a theorem of Michael D. Morley (1965) stating that if a first-order theory in a countable language is categorical in some uncountable cardinality

Monadic second-order logic (1,308 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

following theories are decidable: The monadic second-order theory of trees. The monadic second-order theory of N {\displaystyle \mathbb {N} } under successor

Tarski's axioms (3,584 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

(1932). Using his axiom system, Tarski was able to show that the first-order theory of Euclidean geometry is consistent, complete and decidable: every sentence

First-order logic (13,173 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. No first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite

Peano axioms (6,324 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

formulations, as discussed in the section § Peano arithmetic as first-order theory below. If we use the second-order induction axiom, it is possible to

Masonic conspiracy theories (1,477 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

control over politics, perhaps the best-known example is the New World Order theory, but there are others. These mainly involve aspects and agencies of the

Elementary equivalence (956 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

have the same complete first-order theory. If M and N are elementarily equivalent, one writes M ≡ N. A first-order theory is complete if and only if any

Representation (mathematics) (1,209 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article

In mathematics, a representation is a very general relationship that expresses similarities (or equivalences) between mathematical objects or structures

Urelement (995 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

equivalent ways to treat urelements in a first-order theory. One way is to work in a first-order theory with two sorts, sets and urelements, with a ∈ b

Presburger arithmetic (3,153 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Presburger arithmetic is the first-order theory of the natural numbers with addition, named in honor of Mojżesz Presburger, who introduced it in 1929.

Decidability of first-order theories of the real numbers (496 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

inequalities of expressions over real variables. The corresponding first-order theory is the set of sentences that are actually true of the real numbers. There

Elementary class (1,254 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

satisfying a fixed first-order theory. A class K of structures of a signature σ is called an elementary class if there is a first-order theory T of signature σ

Existential theory of the reals (3,763 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

first-order theory of the reals without the restriction to existential quantifiers. However, in practice, general methods for the first-order theory remain

List of lemmas (522 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

This following is a list of lemmas (or, "lemmata", i.e. minor theorems, or sometimes intermediate technical results factored out of proofs). See also list

Automated theorem proving (2,891 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

satisfiability problems. In 1929, Mojżesz Presburger showed that the first-order theory of the natural numbers with addition and equality (now called Presburger

Leo Harrington (186 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

exists for all reals x, and proving with Saharon Shelah that the first-order theory of the partially ordered set of recursively enumerable Turing degrees

Theory of pure equality (755 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

In mathematical logic the theory of pure equality is a first-order theory. It has a signature consisting of only the equality relation symbol, and includes

Straight-four engine (2,177 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

particularly beneficial in the higher rpm range, and "big-bang firing order" theory says the irregular delivery of torque to the rear tire makes sliding

Free group (2,300 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

whether the free groups on two or more generators have the same first-order theory, and whether this theory is decidable. Sela (2006) answered the first

Alfred Tarski (5,749 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

his first-order theory of the real numbers. In 1929 he showed that much of Euclidean solid geometry could be recast as a second-order theory whose individuals

History of Somalia (1991–2006) (4,393 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

challenge to elements of conventional economic, political and social order theory and the very premises under which Western diplomacy and development agencies

Measurable space (444 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

i ↗ {\displaystyle A_{i}\nearrow } or they are disjoint Never Ring (Order theory) Ring (Measure theory) Never δ-Ring Never 𝜎-Ring Never Algebra (Field)

Sturm's theorem (2,809 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

computational complexity of decidability and quantifier elimination in the first order theory of real numbers. The Sturm sequence and Sturm's theorem are named after

Büchi arithmetic (412 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Büchi arithmetic of base k is the first-order theory of the natural numbers with addition and the function Vk(x){\displaystyle V_{k}(x)} which is defined

Zlil Sela (1,850 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

any two non-abelian finitely generated free groups have the same first-order theory. Sela's work relied on applying his earlier JSJ-decomposition and real

Witt's theorem (564 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

theorem" may also refer to the Bourbaki–Witt fixed point theorem of order theory. In mathematics, Witt's theorem, named after Ernst Witt, is a basic result

Büchi arithmetic (412 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Büchi arithmetic of base k is the first-order theory of the natural numbers with addition and the function Vk(x){\displaystyle V_{k}(x)} which is defined

True arithmetic (1,133 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

169–197, ISBN 978-0-444-54701-9. Simpson, Stephen G. (1977), "First-order theory of the degrees of recursive unsolvability", Annals of Mathematics, Second

Timeline of mathematical logic (948 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Jerzy Łoś and Robert Lawson Vaught independently proved that a first-order theory which has only infinite models and is categorical in any infinite cardinal

Abelian group (5,288 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

of an abelian category. Wanda Szmielew (1955) proved that the first-order theory of abelian groups, unlike its non-abelian counterpart, is decidable.

Stability spectrum (731 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

In model theory, a branch of mathematical logic, a complete first-order theory T is called stable in λ (an infinite cardinal number), if the Stone space

Finite model theory (3,074 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

because of the Löwenheim–Skolem theorem, which implies that no first-order theory with an infinite model can have a unique model up to isomorphism. The

List of unsolved problems in mathematics (19,529 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

o-minimal first order theory with a trans-exponential (rapid growth) function? If the class of atomic models of a complete first order theory is categorical

Pseudo-finite field (156 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

mathematics, a pseudo-finite field F is an infinite model of the first-order theory of finite fields. This is equivalent to the condition that F is quasi-finite

List of PSPACE-complete problems (1,806 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

standard order First-order theory of the integers under the standard order First-order theory of well-ordered sets First-order theory of binary strings under

Mereotopology (2,094 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

metaphysics, and in ontological computer science, mereotopology is a first-order theory, embodying mereological and topological concepts, of the relations among

Hegemonic masculinity (8,314 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

gender studies, hegemonic masculinity is part of R. W. Connell's gender order theory, which recognizes multiple masculinities that vary across time, society

S (set theory) (1,329 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

by George Boolos in his 1989 article, "Iteration Again". S, a first-order theory, is two-sorted because its ontology includes “stages” as well as sets

Bounded expansion (982 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

including the subgraph isomorphism problem and model checking for the first order theory of graphs. A t-shallow minor of a graph G is defined to be a graph formed

Wanda Szmielew (704 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

mathematical logician who first proved the decidability of the first-order theory of abelian groups. Wanda Montlak was born on 5 April 1918 in Warsaw.

Adjoint (192 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Adjoint equation The upper and lower adjoints of a Galois connection in order theory The adjoint of a differential operator with general polynomial coefficients

Diagonal lemma (1,419 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

{\displaystyle \mathbb {N} } be the set of natural numbers. A first-order theory T {\displaystyle T} in the language of arithmetic represents the computable

P-adically closed field (1,134 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

formally real when −1{\displaystyle -1} is not a sum of squares. The first-order theory of p-adically closed fields (here we are restricting ourselves to the

Richard Milton Martin (1,860 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

mereological system. Building on these and other devices, Martin forged a first-order theory capable of expressing its own syntax as well as some semantics and pragmatics

Hyper-finite field (125 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

is a pseudo-finite field, and is in particular a model for the first-order theory of finite fields. Ax, James (1968), "The Elementary Theory of Finite

Pre-measure (510 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

i ↗ {\displaystyle A_{i}\nearrow } or they are disjoint Never Ring (Order theory) Ring (Measure theory) Never δ-Ring Never 𝜎-Ring Never Algebra (Field)

CCC (688 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

category theory CCC, Roman numeral for 300 Countable chain condition, in order theory CCCn, cube-connected cycles of order n in graph theory Continuous curvilinear

Parity game (1,827 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

implicitly used in Rabin's proof of decidability of the monadic second-order theory of n successors (S2S for n = 2), where determinacy of such games was

Higher-order theories of consciousness (1,100 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

higher-order theory, what makes cognition conscious is a higher-order observation of the first-order processing. In neuroscience terms, higher-order theory is

Robert Lawson Vaught (428 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

conjecture stating that the number of countable models of a complete first-order theory (in a countable language) is always either finite, or countably infinite

Frame (1,027 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

fiber bundle associated with any vector bundle Frames and locales, in order theory Sampling frame, a set of items or events possible to measure (statistics)

Infinite-tree automaton (1,104 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

by Michael Rabin for proving decidability of S2S, the monadic second-order theory with two successors. It has been further observed that tree automata

Symbolic interactionism (6,752 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

referred to in sociological literature as the "Iowa School." Negotiated order theory also applies a structural approach. Language is viewed as the source

Spontaneous order (1,794 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

spontaneous orders. Paul Krugman has also contributed to spontaneous order theory in his book The Self-Organizing Economy, in which he claims that cities

Logic of graphs (4,975 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

all of which are adjacent. For simple undirected graphs, the first-order theory of graphs includes the axioms ∀u(¬(u∼u)){\displaystyle \forall u{\bigl

Theory Z (924 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

needs. McGregor grouped the hierarchy into a lower order (Theory X) needs and a higher-order (Theory Y) needs. He suggested that management could of needs

LB (275 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Binary logarithm, lb(n) = log2(n) Lower bound, a mathematical concept in order theory Pound (mass), abbreviation derived from Latin libra Pound-force L-shaped

Recursive language (809 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

with mathematical logic is required: Presburger arithmetic is the first-order theory of the natural numbers with addition (but without multiplication). While

Hilbert's axioms (2,305 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Hilbert's axioms, unlike Tarski's axioms, do not constitute a first-order theory because the axioms V.1–2 cannot be expressed in first-order logic. The

Robinson arithmetic (1,839 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

general set theory for more details. Q is a finitely axiomatized first-order theory that is considerably weaker than Peano arithmetic (PA), and whose axioms

Thoralf Skolem (1,513 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the Löwenheim–Skolem theorem, which states that if a countable first-order theory has an infinite model, then it has a countable model. His 1920 proof

Thoralf Skolem (1,513 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the Löwenheim–Skolem theorem, which states that if a countable first-order theory has an infinite model, then it has a countable model. His 1920 proof

DCC (577 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

department in Australia Descending Chain Condition, in the field of order theory in mathematics DCC Alliance, a now-defunct Debian-based industry consortium

Joint embedding property (320 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the three properties used to define the age of a structure. A first-order theory has the joint embedding property if the class of its models of has the

Stable theory (3,633 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

and NIP theories. A common goal in model theory is to study a first-order theory by analyzing the complexity of the Boolean algebras of (parameter) definable

CPO (405 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

States Postal Service Complete partial order, a term used in mathematical order theory Compulsory purchase order, a legal function in the UK and Ireland whereby

Direct (193 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Direct may refer to: Directed set, in order theory Direct limit of (pre), sheaves Direct sum of modules, a construction

Firstborn (881 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

largest multi-study research suggests zero or near-zero effects. Birth-order theory has been asserted to have the characteristics of a "zombie theory". Adler

Tarski's undefinability theorem (2,252 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

multiplication, axiomatized by the first-order Peano axioms. This is a "first-order" theory: the quantifiers extend over natural numbers, but not over sets or functions

St-planar graph (599 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

In graph theory, an st-planar graph is a bipolar orientation of a plane graph for which both the source and the sink of the orientation are on the outer

S2S (mathematics) (4,617 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

In mathematics, S2S is the monadic second order theory with two successors. It is one of the most expressive natural decidable theories known, with many

Family of sets (1,526 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

i ↗ {\displaystyle A_{i}\nearrow } or they are disjoint Never Ring (Order theory) Ring (Measure theory) Never δ-Ring Never 𝜎-Ring Never Algebra (Field)

Type (model theory) (2,232 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

well-ordering. Let T{\displaystyle {\mathcal {T}}} denote the first-order theory of M{\displaystyle {\mathcal {M}}}. Consider the set of L(ω)-formulas

Ordinal analysis (4,022 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

such weak theories has to be tweaked)[citation needed]. PA–, the first-order theory of the nonnegative part of a discretely ordered ring. RFA, rudimentary

Theory of mind (16,877 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

deficits in the first-order theory of mind, the ability to understand another person's thoughts, and in the second-order theory of mind, the ability to

Density (disambiguation) (495 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

the fraction of possible edges that exist in a graph Dense order in order theory A coinitial subset in the mathematical theory of forcing, in set theory

Li Guohao (838 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the practical calculation of suspension bridges according to second-order theory. Together, Klöppel and Li published further research findings on the

Mereology (6,944 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

requires an axiomatic formulation. A mereological "system" is a first-order theory (with identity) whose universe of discourse consists of wholes and their

Michael O. Rabin (1,426 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

introduced infinite-tree automata and proved that the monadic second-order theory of n successors (S2S when n = 2) is decidable. A key component of the

James Renegar (1,079 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

introductory monograph), quantifier elimination methods for the first-order theory of the reals, development of the notion of "condition number" in the

Analytic philosophy (10,488 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

advocate a higher-order perception (HOP) model. An alternative higher-order theory, the higher-order global states (HOGS) model, is offered by Robert van

Roddam Narasimha (2,412 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

January 2021 Govindarajan, Rama; Narasimha, R. (8 December 1997). "A low-order theory for stability of non-parallel boundary layer flows". Proceedings of the

The Birth Order Book (794 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Arizona. Several notable psychologists including the founder of birth order theory Alfred Adler, and Jules Angst have disputed the effects of birth order

Lars Svenonius (667 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

states that if the interpretation of a predicate in any model of a first-order theory is invariant under permutations ("automorphisms") of the model fixing

Zermelo set theory (2,208 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

being too restrictive. Zermelo set theory is usually taken to be a first-order theory with the separation axiom replaced by an axiom scheme with an axiom for

Rado graph (5,126 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

paradox, the fact that there exists a countable model for the first-order theory of sets. One can construct the Rado graph from such a model by creating

N5 (218 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the minimal non-modular and non-distributive lattice in mathematical order theory N5, abbreviation for the 5 nanometer semiconductor technology process

Jeanne Ferrante (813 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

computational complexity problems such as the theory of rational order and first order theory of real addition. In the 1980s, Ferrante collaborated with various researchers

Ernst Mally (1,387 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

1926). He used five axioms, which are given below. They form a first-order theory that quantifies over propositions, and there are several predicates to

Entscheidungsproblem (2,624 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

systems of many programming languages. On the other hand, the first-order theory of the natural numbers with addition and multiplication expressed by

Eva Kallin (609 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Alfred Tarski, Kallin helped simplify Tarski's axioms for the first-order theory of Euclidean geometry, by showing that several of the axioms originally

List of conspiracy theories (19,116 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Post called the fabrications fake news and falsehoods. The New World Order theory states that a group of international elites control governments, industry

Charles Koch (5,380 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

" In the book, Koch attempts to apply Friedrich Hayek's spontaneous order theory and Austrian entrepreneurial theory, such as that of Mises and Israel

Entscheidungsproblem (2,624 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

systems of many programming languages. On the other hand, the first-order theory of the natural numbers with addition and multiplication expressed by

Stanisław Leśniewski (805 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Leśniewski and his students, namely that Polish mereology is a first-order theory equivalent to what is now called classical extensional mereology (modulo

Computability theory (6,432 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

proofs show that the set of logical consequences of an effective first-order theory is a computably enumerable set, and that if the theory is strong enough

Second-order arithmetic (3,801 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

basic axioms, or sometimes the Robinson axioms. The resulting first-order theory, known as Robinson arithmetic, is essentially Peano arithmetic without

Interpretation (logic) (4,421 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

to represent set membership, and the domain of discourse in a first-order theory of the natural numbers is intended to be the set of natural numbers.

Algebraic geometry and analytic geometry (2,516 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

An elementary form of it asserts that true statements of the first order theory of fields about C are true for any algebraically closed field K of characteristic

M3 (1,009 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

M3, the minimal modular, but non-distributive lattice in mathematical order theory ATC code M03, Muscle relaxants, a subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic

Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory (6,252 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

{\displaystyle \exists x(x=x)} . Consequently, it is a theorem of every first-order theory that something exists. However, as noted above, because in the intended

Dong Zhiming (2,123 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

to the order Saurischia. However, Dong continued to push this third-order theory as late as 2008, shortly before his retirement. In a 1988 paper authored

Alfred Adler (8,289 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

variations in the individuals' genetics, Adler showed through his birth order theory that children do not grow up in the same shared environment, but the

Σ-algebra (5,337 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

i ↗ {\displaystyle A_{i}\nearrow } or they are disjoint Never Ring (Order theory) Ring (Measure theory) Never δ-Ring Never 𝜎-Ring Never Algebra (Field)

Suprema (disambiguation) (59 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

suprema in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Suprema are elements in order theory. Suprema may also refer to: Suprema (comics), a fictional superheroine

Gary Chartier (1,853 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

demonstrates not only that natural law theory is compatible with spontaneous order theory, but also that what this confluence points to is a voluntary, polycentric

Heyting arithmetic (5,760 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

proposed it. Heyting arithmetic can be characterized just like the first-order theory of Peano arithmetic PA{\displaystyle {\mathsf {PA}}}, except that it

Locally finite group (682 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

are identical. Omega-categorical groups (that is, groups whose first-order theory characterises them up to isomorphism) are locally finite Non-examples:

Dynkin system (2,336 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

i ↗ {\displaystyle A_{i}\nearrow } or they are disjoint Never Ring (Order theory) Ring (Measure theory) Never δ-Ring Never 𝜎-Ring Never Algebra (Field)

First-order (376 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

argument(s) First-order predicate calculus First-order theorem provers First-order theory Monadic first-order logic First-order fluid, another name for a power-law

Radical right (United States) (6,834 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

predecessor groups on the radical right, particularly the New World Order theory. Currently active examples of such groups are the 3 Percenters and the

Abstract elementary class (1,654 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Elementary class is the most basic example of an AEC: If T is a first-order theory, then the class Mod⁡(T){\displaystyle \operatorname {Mod} (T)} of models

Commensurability (philosophy of science) (4,657 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

the meaning of a first-order scientific theory depends on its second-order theory of meaning, then two first order theories will be meta-incommensurable

Adolf Hurwitz (985 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

He also had deep interests in number theory. He studied the maximal order theory (as it now would be) for the quaternions, defining the Hurwitz quaternions

Omega-categorical theory (533 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

with the theorem vary between authors. Given a countable complete first-order theory T with infinite models, the following are equivalent: The theory T is

Relation algebra (2,546 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

permutation and closed under composition and inverse. However, the first-order theory of relation algebras is not complete for such systems of binary relations

Satisfiability modulo theories (4,370 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

full first order theory of the real numbers, are decidable using quantifier elimination. This is due to Alfred Tarski.) The first order theory of the natural

Constructible universe (6,092 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

L_{\alpha }} and some w i {\displaystyle w_{i}} , and having the same first-order theory as L β {\displaystyle L_{\beta }} with the w i {\displaystyle w_{i}}

De Broglie–Bohm theory (16,633 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

{\nabla S}{m}}} , which is a symptom of this being a first-order theory, not a second-order theory. A fourth derivation was given by Dürr et al. In their

Determinacy (4,059 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

winning strategy. In 1969, Michael O. Rabin proved that the monadic second-order theory of n successors (S2S for n = 2) is decidable. A key component of the

List of conjectures (1,505 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Conjecture Field Comments Eponym(s) Cites 1/3–2/3 conjecture order theory n/a 70 abc conjecture number theory ⇔Granville–Langevin conjecture, Vojta's conjecture

Angus Macintyre (889 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

foundational work by Solomon Feferman and Robert Vaught on the first-order theory of products of algebraic structures. The adele ring was introduced by

List of conjectures (1,505 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Conjecture Field Comments Eponym(s) Cites 1/3–2/3 conjecture order theory n/a 70 abc conjecture number theory ⇔Granville–Langevin conjecture, Vojta's conjecture

List of terms relating to algorithms and data structures (3,134 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

probe model cell tree cellular automaton centroid certificate chain (order theory) chaining (algorithm) child Chinese postman problem Chinese remainder

Delta-ring (392 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

i ↗ {\displaystyle A_{i}\nearrow } or they are disjoint Never Ring (Order theory) Ring (Measure theory) Never δ-Ring Never 𝜎-Ring Never Algebra (Field)

Sigma-ring (563 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

i ↗ {\displaystyle A_{i}\nearrow } or they are disjoint Never Ring (Order theory) Ring (Measure theory) Never δ-Ring Never 𝜎-Ring Never Algebra (Field)

Geometric group theory (4,308 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

2000s. Interactions with mathematical logic and the study of the first-order theory of free groups. Particularly important progress occurred on the famous

John Couch Adams (4,127 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

published a paper showing that, while tangential terms vanish in the first-order theory of Laplace, they become substantial when quadratic terms are admitted

Pi-system (2,891 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

i ↗ {\displaystyle A_{i}\nearrow } or they are disjoint Never Ring (Order theory) Ring (Measure theory) Never δ-Ring Never 𝜎-Ring Never Algebra (Field)

DLO (114 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Mississippi, U.S., town in Simpson County Dense linear order, in mathematical order theory Discontinuity layout optimization, engineering analysis procedure This

Accessible category (968 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

is finitely accessible. The category Mod(T) of models of some first-order theory T with countable signature is ℵ 1 {\displaystyle \aleph _{1}} -accessible

Cayley's theorem (1,626 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

inverse semigroups. Birkhoff's representation theorem, a similar result in order theory Frucht's theorem, every finite group is the automorphism group of a graph

Many-one reduction (1,718 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

element embeds into Dm{\displaystyle {\mathcal {D}}_{m}}. The first order theory of Dm{\displaystyle {\mathcal {D}}_{m}} is isomorphic to the theory of

Constructive set theory (33,229 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

{\displaystyle {\mathsf {RCA}}_{0}} , a subsystem of the two-sorted first-order theory Z 2 {\displaystyle {\mathsf {Z}}_{2}} . The collection of computable

Ontology chart (681 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

(poset). Posets are an object of study in the mathematical discipline of order theory. They belong to the class of binary relations but they have three additional

De Bruijn index (1,592 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article

Retrieved 20 October 2021. Pitts, Andy M. (2003). "Nominal Logic: A First Order Theory of Names and Binding". Information and Computation. 186 (2): 165–193

Skolem's paradox (2,433 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

standard technique for constructing countable models of a consistent first-order theory, was not presented until 1947. Thus, in 1922, the particular properties

Constructive analysis (4,955 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

{\displaystyle x<0} is defined as 0 > x {\displaystyle 0>x} . This first-order theory is relevant as the structures discussed below are model thereof. However

Richardson's theorem (688 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

unsolvable. By contrast, the Tarski–Seidenberg theorem says that the first-order theory of the real field is decidable, so it is not possible to remove the sine

Amalgamation property (776 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

g': C → D such that f′∘f=g′∘g.{\displaystyle f'\circ f=g'\circ g.\,} A first-order theory T{\displaystyle T} has the amalgamation property if the class of models

Hristo Kovachki (769 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

Hristo Kovachki released his first book to date entitled Universal order – theory of cognition. The book concerns a multitude of issues, starting with

Daniel Nexon (1,174 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-7425-3959-4. "Hegemonic-order theory: A field-theoretic account". (co-authored with Iver Neumann). European

Metamath (2,348 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

hypothesis...), the construction of the real and complex number systems, order theory, graph theory, abstract algebra, linear algebra, general topology, real

Pressburger (128 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

mathematician, logician, and philosopher Presburger arithmetic, the first-order theory of the natural numbers with addition Bratislava Castle, or Pressburger

PA degree (864 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

natural numbers is not a PA degree. Because PA is an effective first-order theory, the completions of PA can be characterized as the infinite paths through

F(R) gravity (4,113 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

that if we take into account a conformal transformation, the fourth order theory f(R) becomes general relativity plus a scalar field. To see this, identify

Vaught conjecture (1,036 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

rise to the equivalence relation of isomorphism. Given a complete first-order theory T, the set of structures satisfying T is a minimal, closed invariant

Jacques Riguet (637 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Ferrers diagrams order the partitions of an integer, Riguet extended order theory beyond relations restricted to one set. In 1954 Riguet described the

Finite intersection property (2,664 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

i ↗ {\displaystyle A_{i}\nearrow } or they are disjoint Never Ring (Order theory) Ring (Measure theory) Never δ-Ring Never 𝜎-Ring Never Algebra (Field)

Finite intersection property (2,664 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

i ↗ {\displaystyle A_{i}\nearrow } or they are disjoint Never Ring (Order theory) Ring (Measure theory) Never δ-Ring Never 𝜎-Ring Never Algebra (Field)

S2S (127 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

In mathematics, S2S is the monadic second order theory of the infinite complete binary tree. S2S may also refer to: Server-to-server, protocol exchange

Gentzen's consistency proof (2,056 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

multiplication, axiomatized by the first-order Peano axioms. This is a "first-order" theory: the quantifiers extend over natural numbers, but not over sets or functions

Middle child syndrome (1,705 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Loyal Social Accountable Compromising Adaptable Flexible Due to birth order theory, there are several situations during adolescence that middle children

Josef Melan (784 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

standards. In 1888 he was the first person to quantify the effects of second-order theory. His books on bridges enjoyed international popularity. For example,

Tree automaton (2,044 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

trees, and can be used to prove decidability of S2S, the monadic second-order theory with two successors. Finite tree automata (nondeterministic if top-down)

Olivia Caramello (920 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

toposes, and on the notion of classifying topos of a geometric first-order theory, exploiting the diversity of possible presentations of each topos by

Geometric logic (583 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

axiom, both I and J are finite), the theory is coherent. Every first-order theory has a coherent conservative extension.[citation needed] Dyckhoff & Negri

Set function (7,491 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

i ↗ {\displaystyle A_{i}\nearrow } or they are disjoint Never Ring (Order theory) Ring (Measure theory) Never δ-Ring Never 𝜎-Ring Never Algebra (Field)

Steve Simpson (mathematician) (481 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

research professor at Vanderbilt. Simpson, Stephen G. (1977), "First order theory of the degrees of recursive unsolvability", Annals of Mathematics, 105

Knower paradox (614 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article

Epistemic Closure', Mind 110, pp. 319–333. Morgenstern, L. (1986), 'A First Order Theory of Planning, Knowledge and Action', in Halpern, J. (ed.), Theoretical

Executive dysfunction (10,281 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Perner J, Kain W, Barchfeld P (June 2002). "Executive control and higher-order theory of mind in children at risk of ADHD". Infant and Child Development. 11

List of set identities and relations (28,311 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

i ↗ {\displaystyle A_{i}\nearrow } or they are disjoint Never Ring (Order theory) Ring (Measure theory) Never δ-Ring Never 𝜎-Ring Never Algebra (Field)

Automatic sequence (3,148 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

↦ s n {\displaystyle n\mapsto s_{n}} has the property that the first-order theory FO ( N , + , 0 , 1 , n ↦ s n ) {\displaystyle {\text{FO}}(\mathbb {N}

Scott–Potter set theory (1,846 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

of the iterative conception is his set theory S, a two sorted first order theory involving sets and levels. Scott (1974) did not mention the "iterative

Japaridze's polymodal logic (1,196 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

conclude q From p conclude [0]p Consider a sufficiently strong first-order theory T such as Peano Arithmetic PA. Define the series T0,T1,T2,... of theories

Bounded arithmetic (1,407 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

PV{\displaystyle PV} is a theory PV1{\displaystyle PV_{1}}, an ordinary first-order theory. Axioms of PV1{\displaystyle PV_{1}} are universal sentences and contain

Large countable ordinal (5,320 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

proof-theoretic ordinal of Π11−CA0{\displaystyle \Pi _{1}^{1}-CA_{0}}, a first-order theory of arithmetic allowing quantification over the natural numbers as well

War of Anti-Christ with the Church and Christian Civilization (1,596 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

greatest potential. The two best-known authors of the latter "New World Order" theory are French Jesuit priest Augustin Barruel, who authored the Memoirs

Autonomous agency theory (1,930 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

creation for community learning and symbolic convergence theory. This nth-order theory of cybernetics links with "the cybernetics of cybernetics" by assigning

Shell ring (2,836 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

larger populations by building new rings. Jadrnicek proposed an odorous order theory regarding shell ring formation November 2019. The theory suggests ring

Keith Clark (computer scientist) (996 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article

Computation, McGraw-Hill, London, 1976. K. L. Clark, S-A. Tarnlund, A first order theory of data and programs, Proc. IFIP Congress, Toronto, 939–944 pp, 1977

David M. Rosenthal (philosopher) (2,596 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article

ISBN 0-19-156858-9. OCLC 607253818. Rosenthal, David, "Varieties of Higher-Order Theory," in Higher-Order Theories of Consciousness, ed. Rocco J. Gennaro, John

ILabs (1,311 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

quantities and never lose information), and it comes embedded in a first-order theory allowing computable, qualitative statements on the universe evolution

2-satisfiability (9,112 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article

, Thm. 16.3. Cook, Stephen; Kolokolova, Antonina (2004), "A Second-Order Theory for NL", 19th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science (LICS'04)

List of women in mathematics (22,132 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

(1918–1976), Polish logician who proved the decidability of the first-order theory of abelian groups Zofia Szmydt (1923–2010), Polish researcher on differential

Chapman–Enskog theory (4,881 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

higher-order corrections may not give reliable improvements to the first-order theory, due to the fact that the Chapman–Enskog expansion does not always converge

Series-parallel (76 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

circuits and electronic circuits Series-parallel partial order, in partial order theory Series–parallel graph in graph theory Series–parallel networks problem

Glossary of set theory (11,364 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Leopold Löwenheim 2. The Löwenheim–Skolem theorem states that if a first-order theory has an infinite model then it has a model of any given infinite cardinality

Income segregation (3,054 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

the between-unit income variance to the total income variance. Rank-order theory index is the ratio of within-unit income rank variation to overall income

Joos–Weinberg equation (2,216 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

states of arbitrary spins as Lorentz tensors or tensor-spinors and second-order theory". The European Physical Journal A. 51 (3): 35. arXiv:1503.07230. Bibcode:2015EPJA

Murnaghan equation of state (2,496 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

derivative of the incompressibility modulus K″ is strictly negative. A second order theory based on the same principle (see next section) can account for this observation

Alexei Semenov (mathematician) (3,350 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article

with Dead-ends. A New Proof for the Decidability of the Monadic Second Order Theory of Two Successors (PDF). Vol. 48. pp. 220–267. {{cite book}}: |work=

Constrained Horn clauses (584 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

P(\mathbf {x} )} where ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is a constraint in some first-order theory, P i {\displaystyle P_{i}} are predicates, and x i {\displaystyle \mathbf

Flag algebra (3,882 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

instead. Instead of graphs, models of some nondegenerate universal first-order theory T {\displaystyle T} with equality in a finite relational signature L

Transseries (5,226 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

elementary equivalent as differential fields, and indeed have the same first order theory as TLE{\displaystyle \mathbb {T} ^{LE}}. Logarithmic-transseries do not