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alternate case: o-grade
Indo-European ablaut
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vowels are said to be in "lengthened grade". (When the e-grade or the o-grade is referred to, the short vowel forms are meant.) A classic example ofGrade II* listed buildings in Wiltshire (57 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
buildings in Wiltshire (A–G) Grade II* listed buildings in Wiltshire (H–O) Grade II* listed buildings in Wiltshire (P–Z) Grade I listed buildings in Wiltshire*Kʷetwóres rule (303 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
indogermanischen Verben (p. 22) to explain why in the PIE perfect the root ó grade is accented: *ǵe-ǵónh- / *ǵé-ǵn̥h- < *ǵé-ǵenh- / *ǵé-ǵn̥h- "created/engendered"Education in Scotland in the twentieth century (2,093 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
being replaced by the Scottish Certificate of Education Ordinary Grade ('O-Grade') and Higher Grade ('Higher'). In the 1980s these were replaced by theProto-Indo-European phonology (6,253 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
likewise if a syllable had *o, it is termed "o-grade", and if a syllable had *ō, it is termed "lengthened o-grade". When a syllable had no vowel at all, itSpurious diphthong (484 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
i, or o-grade + u, co-existing beside forms with the other grade: λείπω "I leave" (e-grade: genuine diphthong) — λέ-λοιπα "I have left" (o-grade) *eleútʰ-somaiProto-Slavic language (7,528 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
alter the outcomes). Although qualitative alternations (e-grade versus o-grade versus zero grade) were no longer productive, the Balto-Slavic languagesProto-Indo-European language (5,736 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
forms are referred to as the "ablaut grades" of the morpheme—the e-grade, o-grade, zero-grade (no vowel), etc. This variation in vowels occurred both withinAinslie Park High School (956 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
pupils left at the end of their third academic year. If they wished to sit O-grade examinations they had to move on to another school. The 1965/66 academicMuses (3,237 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Muses (Ancient Greek: Μοῦσαι, romanized: Moûsai) perhaps came from the o-grade of the Proto-Indo-European root *men- (the basic meaning of which is 'putHel (location) (1,960 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
place, the underworld'). In turn, the Proto-Germanic form derives from the o-grade form of the Proto-Indo-European root *kel-, *kol-: 'to cover, conceal,Germanic strong verb (12,200 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
syllable of a word the stress fell on in PIE, this could change to *o (o-grade), or disappear altogether (zero grade). Both e and o could also be lengthenedSamnium (1,180 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
during some prehistoric residence in Illyria he derives the names from an o-grade extension *swo-bho- of an extended e-grade *swe-bho- of the possessiveGermanic weak verb (5,117 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
verbs. PIE causatives were formed by adding an accented affix -éy- to the o-grade of a non-derived verb. In Proto-Germanic, causatives are formed by addingComputer program (13,233 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
o c++ student_dvr.cpp grade.o student.o person.o -o student_dvr grade.o: grade.cpp grade.h c++ -c grade.cpp student.o: student.cpp student.h c++ -c studentNeris (688 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, pp765–766); Derksen's *nerH-, o-grade *norH- (Slavic Inherited Lexicon); A relation to the Greek god Nereus,Imperative programming (3,585 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
o c++ student_dvr.cpp grade.o student.o person.o -o student_dvr grade.o: grade.cpp grade.h c++ -c grade.cpp student.o: student.cpp student.h c++ -c studentDorians (5,514 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
"woodland" (which can also mean upland). The dōri- segment is from the o-grade (either ō or o) of Proto-Indo-European *deru-, "tree", which also givesGrammatischer Wechsel (1,316 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
verb roots with a suffix *-éye-, and the root vowel was changed to the o-grade. Verbs with this suffix eventually became part of the first weak classProto-Celtic language (4,931 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
*ke-kong- Classic Indo-European reduplication, where the root is put in the o-grade and the prefixed reduplicant is formed with the first consonant followedCarnoustie High School (666 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
late 1960s the school catered for primary and secondary students up to O-grade level (age 16), with those wanting to continue education beyond S4 wouldEric P. Hamp (1,658 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
"Indo-European o-grade deverbal thematics in Slovene," Slovene Studies 10/1: 65–70 Hamp, Eric. 1989. "On the survival of Slovene o-grade deverbal thematicsProto-Germanic language (12,128 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
causatives were formed by adding an accented suffix -éi̯e/éi̯o to the o-grade of a non-derived verb. In Proto-Germanic, causatives are formed by addingAngus, Scotland (2,660 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
age group, 32.84% had no formal qualifications, 27.08% were educated to 'O' Grade/Standard Grade level, 14.38% to Higher level, 7.64% to HND or equivalentSirona (goddess) (1,982 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
sterenn and Breton steren(n). The name Đirona consists of a long-vowel, o-grade stem tsīro- derived from the root *ster- and a -no- suffix forming adjectivesSabines (2,740 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
during some prehistoric residence in Illyria, he derives the names from an o-grade extension *swo-bho- of an extended e-grade *swe-bho- of the possessiveJay Jasanoff (1,609 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
only in the third person singular, as well as evidence of an unexpected o-grade of the root throughout the paradigm. Jasanoff argues that this situationDiadochi (3,770 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
from Indo-European *dek-, "receive", the substantive forms being from the o-grade, *dok-. Some important English reflexes are dogma, "a received teachingProto-Indo-European root (2,855 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
forms are called ablaut grades. The five ablaut grades are the e-grade, o-grade, lengthened e- and o-grades, and the zero-grade that lacks a vowel. InTocharian languages (7,310 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
-nH- suffixes as well as n-infixes and various laryngeal-ending stems; o-grade and possibly lengthened-grade perfects (although lacking reduplicationVolcae (2,353 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
however, this is unlikely since the Gaulish form would have preserved the o-grade *wolkʷo-; he argues that descendants of Proto-Celtic *ulkʷos ('bad, evil'Ancient Greek dialects (2,751 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
The Proto-Indo-European language could interchange e (e-grade) with o (o-grade) or use neither (zero-grade). Similarly, Greek inherited the series, forGheg Albanian (2,624 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
press' ndej 'hold, carry' *deh₂- 'share, divide' dɔ: 'split, cut, divide' ndaj dɔ: *gʰodʰ-, (o-grade of *gʰedʰ-) gæ: 'time, chance, opportunity' ŋgeProto-Indo-European nominals (5,233 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
root will appear unaccented and in the zero grade. There is an unexpected o-grade of the suffix in the strong cases of polysyllabic amphikinetic nominalsTai O (1,664 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
(as of 17 December 2012) Chinese Temples Committee: Hau Wong Temple, Tai O (Grade III) Brief Information on Proposed Grade 3 Items, pp.535-536 Archived 2013-09-22Shall and will (4,567 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Norse skal, German soll, and Dutch zal; these all represent *skol-, the o-grade of Indo-European *skel-. All of these verbs function as auxiliaries, representingProto-Indo-European numerals (1,139 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
three *trei- (full grade) / *tri- (zero grade) *trei̯es four *kʷetwor- (o-grade) / *kʷetur- (zero grade) (see also the kʷetwóres rule) *kʷétu̯ōr five *penkʷeHell (11,228 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
place, the underworld'). In turn, the Proto-Germanic form derives from the o-grade form of the Proto-Indo-European root *kel-, *kol-: 'to cover, conceal,Brugmann's law (1,279 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
as *h₃ewi- (with an o-colouring laryngeal), rather than an ablauting o-grade. Perhaps the most convincing confirmation comes from the inflection ofGermanic verbs (2,932 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
tense in Germanic, Italic, and Celtic. The Indo-European perfect took o-grade in the singular and zero grade in the dual and plural. The Germanic strongProto-Germanic grammar (6,256 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
PIE causatives were formed by adding an accented suffix -éye/éyo to the o-grade of a non-derived verb. In Proto-Germanic, this suffix survives as -j/ij-Old Latin (4,386 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
The stems of the nouns of the o-declension end in ŏ deriving from the o-grade of Indo-European ablaut. Classical Latin evidences the development ŏ >Proto-Indo-European verbs (7,771 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
endings, which differed from the eventives by a root in the singular in o-grade, but elsewhere in zero-grade, and typically by reduplication. Like theAlbanian dialects (2,470 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
press' ndej 'hold, carry' *deh₂- 'share, divide' dɔ: 'split, cut, divide' ndaj dɔ: *gʰodʰ-, (o-grade of *gʰedʰ-) gæ: 'time, chance, opportunity' ŋgeGCE Advanced Level (United Kingdom) (6,655 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
Council (SSEC) of approximate proportions of pupils for each grade. The O grade was equivalent to a GCE Ordinary Level pass which indicated a performanceCentum and satem languages (5,862 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
palatovelars before *e, *i, *j, liquid/nasal/*w+*e/*i and before o in o-grade forms by generalization from e-grade). It is unusual in general for palatovelarsLaryngeal theory (8,335 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
h₂ (mainstream [χ] > [ħ] and [x] < [çʁ]) and the back-rounded full (“o”) grade matched h₃ (Kümmel’s uvular > pharyngeal fricative and [ɣʷ]). SeveralSamnites (13,325 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
during some prehistoric residence in Illyria, he derives the names from an o-grade extension *swo-bho- of an extended e-grade *swe-bho- of the possessiveTong lau (3,897 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Address Area Grade Notes References Nos. 46, 48 Kat Hing Street, Tai O Tai O Grade III No. 31 Lee Yick Street, Yuen Long Kau Hui Yuen Long Grade II DemolishedSergei Vasilenko (914 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
he was awarded the Stalin Prize. He died in Moscow in 1956. Skazaniye o grade velikom Kitezhe i tikhom ozere Svetoyare (Tale of the Great City of Kitezh1902 in music (2,769 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
the Casino Monte Carlo March 1 – Sergei Vassilenko's cantata Skazaniye o grade velikom Kitezhe i tikhom ozere Svetoyare (Tale of the Great City of KitezhHistory of Scotland (27,406 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
being replaced by the Scottish Certificate of Education Ordinary Grade ('O-Grade') and Higher Grade ('Higher') qualifications in 1962, which became theProto-Tocharian language (5,249 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
-nH- suffixes as well as n-infixes and various laryngeal-ending stems; o-grade and possibly lengthened-grade perfects (although lacking reduplicationListed buildings in Southampton (582 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
buildings in Southampton: D–L Grade II listed buildings in Southampton: M–O Grade II listed buildings in Southampton: P–R Grade II listed buildings in Southampton:Causative (8,513 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
formed in Proto-Indo-European, with an accented -éy- suffix added to the o-grade of a non-derived verb.) Here are some examples: *rīsaną (I) "to rise" →History of education in Scotland (5,271 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
being replaced by the Scottish Certificate of Education Ordinary Grade ('O-Grade') and Higher Grade ('Higher') qualifications in 1962, which became theListed buildings in England (12,365 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Brighton and Hove: M Grade II listed buildings in Brighton and Hove: N–O Grade II listed buildings in Brighton and Hove: P–R Grade II listed buildings1903 in music (4,236 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Bouffes-Parisiens, Salle Choiseul, Paris Sergei Vassilenko – Skazaniye o grade velikom Kitezhe i tikhom ozere Svetoyare ("Tale of the Great City of KitezhHunter High School, East Kilbride (402 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Lanarkshire built with specific provisions for courses leading to the "O" grade certificate. At the opening ceremony, Provost Gordon praised the architects2007 New Year Honours (16,089 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
School, Birmingham. For services to Education. Mary Helen, Mrs. Bayne, C.V.O., Grade 5, Home Office. Clive Ronald Reath Bennett, Chief Executive, Driver &Scotland in the modern era (12,397 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
being replaced by the Scottish Certificate of Education Ordinary Grade ('O-Grade') and Higher Grade ('Higher') qualifications in 1962, which became theIndo-European copula (3,971 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
languages. The e-grade is present in the German participle gewesen, the o-grade (*wos-) survives in English and Old High German was, while the lengthenedLatin obscenity (15,210 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
pōdex was synonymous with cūlus, "arsehole". This word is thought to be an o-grade version of the same root as pēdere "to fart", identifying it as the sourceProto-Slavic borrowings (2,406 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
reconstructed as PSl. *kòrva, inherited with incomplete satemization from an o-grade PIE variant *ḱorh₂-u(e)h₂-. PSl. *krawu ‘roof’ (OCS krovъ, Czech/Russ.Senatus consultum de Bacchanalibus (2,822 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
ending -us comes from the Indo-European genitive singular ending *-os, the o-grade variant of the genitive singular suffix for consonant-stem nouns (whileHistory of schools in Scotland (6,083 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
being replaced by the Scottish Certificate of Education Ordinary Grade ('O-Grade') and Higher Grade ('Higher') qualifications in 1962, which became theEast Baltic languages (708 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
becomes obvious when comparing ablauted words of the same root, where o-grade words do not reflect this change (e.g. Lat. ciems, Lith. kaimas 'village')Opora (mythology) (1,133 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
etymology of Greek ὀπώρα and Proto-Germanic *asani- and the function of the o-grade in Proto-Indo-European. France, Germany, Belgium: Ghent University. Schaffner