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searching for Conserved quantity 83 found (104 total)

alternate case: conserved quantity

Advection (1,359 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

quantity or substance. During advection, a fluid transports some conserved quantity or material via bulk motion. The fluid's motion is described mathematically
Conserved current (632 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
}{\partial t}}Q=0\;,} where Q=∫Vj0dV{\textstyle Q=\int _{V}j^{0}dV} is the conserved quantity. In gauge theories the gauge fields couple to conserved currents.
Intrinsic parity (386 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
not change with time, therefore the intrinsic parities phase is a conserved quantity. A consequence of the Dirac equation is that the intrinsic parity
Noether's theorem (10,188 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
associated with a conserved physical quantity. In modern terminology, the conserved quantity is called the Noether charge, while the flow carrying that charge
Jacobi integral (698 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
known as the Jacobi integral or Jacobi constant) is the only known conserved quantity for the circular restricted three-body problem. Unlike in the two-body
Quasisymmetry (239 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Noether's theorem implies that there exists a conserved quantity in such cases. This conserved quantity ensures that particles stick to the flux surface
Superselection (2,398 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
mixture of the two states. It also implies that there is a classically conserved quantity that differs between the two states. A superselection sector is a
Conservation of mass (3,415 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
mass–energy equivalence, which states that energy and mass form one conserved quantity. For very energetic systems the conservation of mass only is shown
Symmetry (physics) (3,224 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
some physical property of that system is conserved. Conversely, each conserved quantity has a corresponding symmetry. For example, spatial translation symmetry
Wigner–Araki–Yanase theorem (613 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the accuracy with which observables that fail to commute with the conserved quantity can be measured. It is named for the physicists Eugene Wigner, Huzihiro
Constant of motion (1,473 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
in orthogonal coordinates. Another approach is to recognize that a conserved quantity corresponds to a symmetry of the Lagrangian. Noether's theorem provides
Slave boson (744 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
algebra. Moreover, the Hubbard operators so written commute with the conserved quantity In Hubbard's original approach, Q=1{\displaystyle Q=1}, but by generalizing
Euler's three-body problem (2,952 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
apply a net force and torque. Nevertheless, the particle has a second conserved quantity that corresponds to the angular momentum or to the Laplace–Runge–Lenz
Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector (9,615 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
formulation divides A by L2{\displaystyle L^{2}}, yielding an equivalent conserved quantity with units of inverse length, a quantity that appears in the solution
Thermodynamic operation (1,997 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
thermodynamic process consists of a redistribution that spreads a conserved quantity between a system and its surroundings across a previously impermeable
Beam emittance (4,463 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
conservative forces, Liouville's theorem shows that emittance is a conserved quantity. If the distribution over phase space is represented as a cloud in
Conservation form (435 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
}{dt}}+{\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\cdot \mathbf {f} (\xi )=0} for any conserved quantity ξ{\displaystyle \xi }, with a suitable function f{\displaystyle \mathbf
Potential vorticity (3,613 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
layer depth, and f{\displaystyle f} is the Coriolis parameter. The conserved quantity in equation (3) is later called the shallow water potential vorticity
Separatrix (mathematics) (467 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
the pendulum and vertically downwards. In this system there is a conserved quantity H (the Hamiltonian), which is given by H=θ˙22−gℓcos⁡θ.{\displaystyle
Scientific law (5,597 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
laws can be expressed using the general continuity equation (for a conserved quantity) can be written in differential form as: ∂ρ∂t=−∇⋅J{\displaystyle {\frac
Strangeness (785 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
always produce pairs of these particles, it was postulated that a new conserved quantity, dubbed "strangeness", was preserved during their creation, but not
Klein–Gordon equation (5,837 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
a conserved quantity, but this is not positive definite. The wave function cannot therefore be interpreted as a probability amplitude. The conserved quantity
Spontaneous symmetry breaking (3,839 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
spin-waves. For symmetry-breaking states, whose order parameter is not a conserved quantity, Nambu–Goldstone modes are typically massless and propagate at a constant
Mass in special relativity (6,130 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
reference and for isolated systems, the relativistic mass is also a conserved quantity. The relativistic mass is also the proportionality factor between
Specific angular momentum (1,221 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
a constant of the central body. Specific orbital energy, another conserved quantity in the two-body problem. Classical central-force problem § Specific
On shell and off shell (1,058 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
}{}_{\mu }=0} This is an instance of Noether's theorem. Here, the conserved quantity is the stress–energy tensor, which is only conserved on shell, that
Lotka–Volterra equations (4,107 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
fixed points that exist at the minima and maxima of the conserved quantity. The conserved quantity is derived above to be V=δx−γln⁡(x)+βy−αln⁡(y){\displaystyle
Quadrupole (1,854 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
system and its first derivative represents momentum which is also a conserved quantity so the mass dipole also emits no radiation. The mass quadrupole, however
Killing vector field (4,429 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
corresponds to a quantity which is conserved along geodesics. This conserved quantity is the metric product between the Killing vector and the geodesic
Momentum diffusion (637 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
distribution function that diffuses in momentum space, rather than the (conserved) quantity of momentum that diffuses among many particles. R.Bryon Bird, Warren
Landauer's principle (1,613 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
occur at no energy cost. Instead, the cost can be taken in another conserved quantity, such as angular momentum. In a 2012 article published in Nature,
Finite volume method for one-dimensional steady state diffusion (1,341 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle \rho } is density and ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is the conserved quantity, Γ {\displaystyle \Gamma } is the Diffusion coefficient and S {\displaystyle
Conservation of energy (5,967 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
continuous symmetry has an associated conserved quantity; if the theory's symmetry is time invariance, then the conserved quantity is called "energy". The energy
Axial current (914 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
According to Noether's theorem, each symmetry of a system is associated a conserved quantity. For example, the rotational invariance of a system implies the conservation
Kozai mechanism (3,089 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the orbit-averaged equations of motion for the secondary have a conserved quantity: the component of the secondary's orbital angular momentum parallel
One-parameter group (982 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
one-parameter group of differentiable symmetries, then there is a conserved quantity, by Noether's theorem. In the study of spacetime the use of the unit
Euler equations (fluid dynamics) (12,061 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
Froude limit are equivalent to a single conservation equation with conserved quantity and associated flux respectively: y=(ρρu0);F=(ρuρu⊗u+pIu).{\displaystyle
Relativistic mechanics (4,822 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the particles of which the system is composed. Rest mass is not a conserved quantity in special relativity, unlike the situation in Newtonian physics.
Adaptive mesh refinement (1,105 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
along coarse-fine grid interfaces, to ensure that the amount of any conserved quantity leaving one cell exactly balances the amount entering the bordering
Inverse-square law (3,323 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
inverse-square law generally applies when some force, energy, or other conserved quantity is evenly radiated outward from a point source in three-dimensional
Chirality (physics) (3,127 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
e^{-i\theta }q_{\text{R}}~.} However, it does not correspond to a conserved quantity, because the associated axial current is not conserved. It is explicitly
Infraparticle (1,314 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\infty }\epsilon _{0}r^{2}E_{r}(r,\theta ,\phi )} is a c-number and a conserved quantity. Using the result that states with different charges exist in different
Symmetry (3,883 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
every continuous mathematical symmetry, there is a corresponding conserved quantity such as energy or momentum; a conserved current, in Noether's original
Heat (10,656 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
is not a conserved quantity, this is an exception to the general way of speaking, in which an amount transferred is of a conserved quantity. From the
Entropy (13,694 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
system must increase or remain constant. Therefore, entropy is not a conserved quantity: for example, in an isolated system with non-uniform temperature,
Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics) (4,512 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
for any state of the system. In the case of the free particle, the conserved quantity is the angular momentum. Hamilton's equations in classical Hamiltonian
Smoluchowski coagulation equation (1,908 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
df{\displaystyle d_{f}}th moment of n(x,t){\displaystyle n(x,t)} is always a conserved quantity which is responsible for fixing all the exponents of the dynamic scaling
Chemical potential (3,918 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
conserved quantities like baryon number are the same. In fact, each conserved quantity is associated with a chemical potential and a corresponding tendency
Multiple-scale analysis (1,583 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
q = y(t) and p = dy/dt. Consequently, the Hamiltonian H(p, q) is a conserved quantity, a constant, equal to H = 1/2 + 1/4 ε for the given initial conditions
Reversible cellular automaton (8,943 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
have, independent of any intentional design. The typical type of conserved quantity measured in these studies takes the form of a sum, over all contiguous
Canonical ensemble (2,769 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
constant motion. This is because the ensemble is only a function of a conserved quantity of the system (energy). Thermal equilibrium with other systems: Two
Yang–Mills theory (3,934 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
obsessed with this possibility. Yang's core idea was to look for a conserved quantity in nuclear physics comparable to electric charge and use it to develop
Spacetime (27,264 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
quantity, possessing the same direction as the velocity: p = mv. It is a conserved quantity, meaning that if a closed system is not affected by external forces
Symplectic integrator (3,125 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
conserves this 2-form. Symplectic integrators also might possess, as a conserved quantity, a Hamiltonian which is slightly perturbed from the original one (only
Maxwell–Jüttner distribution (2,911 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
antiparticles (the number of particles is not conserved, but instead the conserved quantity is the difference between particle number and antiparticle number)
History of subatomic physics (4,103 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
unusually long lifetime. The cause of the latter was found in a new quasi-conserved quantity, named strangeness, that is conserved in all circumstances except
Wave shoaling (1,236 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
energy density with the group velocity, between two wave rays is a conserved quantity (i.e. a constant when following the energy of a wave packet from one
Divergence theorem (6,995 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Generically, these equations state that the divergence of the flow of the conserved quantity is equal to the distribution of sources or sinks of that quantity
Zilch (electromagnetism) (1,240 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
Physics term; a conserved quantity of the electromagnetic field
Kerr metric (6,384 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
translation and rotation symmetry of the Kerr geometry. The fourth conserved quantity does not arise from a symmetry in the standard sense and is commonly
Binary star (8,135 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
about the amount of angular momentum in the system. Because this is a conserved quantity in physics, binaries give us important clues about the conditions
Calculus of variations (8,755 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
is time-independent. By Noether's theorem, there is an associated conserved quantity. In this case, this quantity is the Hamiltonian, the Legendre transform
Hydrogen-like atom (4,811 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(of the Hamiltonian), the total angular momentum J of an atom is a conserved quantity. Many numerical procedures start from products of atomic orbitals
Degenerate energy levels (5,643 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
particle in a central 1/r potential, the Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector is a conserved quantity resulting from an accidental degeneracy, in addition to the conservation
Grand canonical ensemble (5,071 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of particles is not conserved and the N represents a more abstract conserved quantity: Chemical reactions: Chemical reactions can convert one type of molecule
Airy wave theory (5,228 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
motion. This means, that the wave energy density is not in all cases a conserved quantity (neglecting dissipative effects), but the total energy density – the
Measurement in quantum mechanics (8,136 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the accuracy with which observables that fail to commute with the conserved quantity can be measured. Further investigation in this line led to the formulation
Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics (7,860 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
translation distance) and the Hamiltonian would be replaced by the conserved quantity associated with the symmetry (for instance, angular or linear momentum)
Routhian mechanics (6,630 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
contribution from the magnetic field. The canonical momentum pθ is the conserved quantity. It is still the case that pz is the linear or translational momentum
Matrix mechanics (10,035 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
unitary matrices are pure phases, so that the value of a unitary conserved quantity is a complex number of unit magnitude, not a real number. Another
Many-body localization (3,044 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
particles would change the energy of the system. Since energy is a conserved quantity in quantum mechanics, such a process can only be virtual and cannot
First law of thermodynamics (13,534 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
adiabatic work, but not that such a state variable represented a conserved quantity. For the latter, another step of evidence is needed, which may be
Lattice Boltzmann methods (5,972 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Thermal models also conserve energy and therefore have an additional conserved quantity: ρθ+ρuu=∑ifie→ie→i.{\displaystyle \rho \theta +\rho uu=\sum _{i}f_{i}{\vec
Emmy Noether (12,899 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
symmetry, then Noether's theorem guarantees that the theory has a conserved quantity, and for the theory to be correct, this conservation must be observable
Thermodynamic temperature (13,627 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
William Thomson, realizing after Joule's experiments that heat is not a conserved quantity, but is convertible with mechanical work, modified his scale in An
Reciprocity (electromagnetism) (6,016 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
process. (In both of these cases, the frequency ω is not generally a conserved quantity.) In 1992, a closely related reciprocity theorem was articulated independently
List of examples of Stigler's law (4,911 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Pierre Bouguer. Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector was first discovered as a conserved quantity by Jakob Hermann and Johann Bernoulli. Leibniz formula for π was first
Mechanical–electrical analogies (5,036 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
analogy is that when the through Hamiltonian variable is chosen to be a conserved quantity, Kirchhoff's node rule can be used, and the model will have the same
Glossary of physics (12,812 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
momentum. It is an important quantity in physics because it is a conserved quantity–that is, the total angular momentum of a closed system remains constant
List of important publications in physics (13,631 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
theorems), showing that any symmetry of the Lagrangian corresponds to a conserved quantity. This result had a profound influence on 20th century theoretical
Glossary of aerospace engineering (24,034 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
momentum. It is an important quantity in physics because it is a conserved quantity—the total angular momentum of a system remains constant unless acted
Relativistic angular momentum (9,116 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
_{n}\wedge \mathbf {P} _{n}\,.} Each of the six components forms a conserved quantity when aggregated with the corresponding components for other objects
Bond graph (6,870 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
integral of effort Transformation of energy from one to another form Conserved quantity in closed systems Elements Name Hyperance H{\displaystyle H}, hyperrigitance